Introduction to Programming

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 Agenda
• Understanding language need
• What is a Programming language?
• Components of a Programming language
• What is Grammar?
• What is Syntax?
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• What is Semantic?
• Applications of Programming languages

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 Understanding language need
Without language human connection is not possible.
We use language to share our thoughts, feelings, ideas with others.

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 What is a Programming language?
A programming language is a computer language that a programmer (developer)
uses to communicate with a computer.
It is a set of instructions, defined by syntax (grammer), of a language ( C, C++, Java,
Python) to perform a specific task.

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 Components of a Programming language
● Statements
○ Set of instructions, what they say about the written code!

● Variables
○ Places to hold data in memory when a program executes
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● Syntax
○ What’s grammatically legal? It should be correct for a program to run

● Semantics
○ The meaning of the statements. What do they compute? It should be
correct to make a program work as expected

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 What is Grammar?
• It is a finite set of formal rules for generating syntactically correct sentences or
meaningful correct sentences.

– Examples:
• print(“hello world”)
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• for i in range(1, 100):
print(i, end= ‘ ’)

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 What is Syntax?
• In linguistics, syntax is the study of how the words and phrases are combined to
form the meaningful sentence.

• Examples of syntactically sentences in english:

– Programming is the process of creating set of instructions to tell to a computer
to perform a task
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– Syntactically code sentences in programming :
x = 10
print(x, end = ‘ ’)

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 What is Semantics?
• Semantics refers to the meaning associated with any statement in the programming
language.
• Examples:
1. Meaningful Code:
x = 10
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2. Semantically incorrect code:

import sys

if __name__ == “__main__”:
sys.exit(0)
print(“Hello, World!”)
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 Applications of Programming languages
• Create a web application for various business requirements.
• Create a Machine Learning model and make prediction based on analysis of past
data.
• Automate manual tasks to reduce errors and increase throughput, thereby an
increase in profitability.
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 Summary
• We understood the importance of a programming language in computers.
• Understood the structure of a programming language.
• Learned about various applications of programming languages.

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Thank You

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