Edexcel Maths GCSE - Deriving Expressions (FH) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

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Q1.

Diagram NOT accurately drawn

In the diagram, all measurements are in centimetres.

The lengths of the sides of the triangle are

x+6
2x – 3
3x + 1

(a) Find an expression, in terms of x, for the perimeter of the triangle.

Give your expression in its simplest form.

.......................................
(2)

The perimeter of the triangle is 37 cm.

(b) Find the value of x.

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x = ...........................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)

Q2.

PQR is a straight line parallel to ST.

QT = UT
Angle STQ = 100°.

Prove that angle QTU = (2x – 20)°.

(Total 5 marks)

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Q3. David buys some stamps.

Each stamp costs 25p.
The total cost of the stamps is £3

(a) Work out the number of stamps David buys.

....................................
(2)

Adam, Barry and Charlie each buy some stamps.

Adam buys x stamps.
Barry buys three times as many stamps as Adam.

(b) Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the number of stamps Barry buys.

....................................
(1)

Charlie buys 5 more stamps than Adam.

(c) Write down an expression, in terms of x, for the number of stamps Charlie buys.

....................................
(1)
(Total 4 marks)

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Q4. (a) Simplify 4x + 3y – 2x + 5y

.....................................
(2)

Compasses cost c pence each.

Rulers cost r pence each.

(b) Write down an expression for the total cost, in pence, of 2 compasses and 4 rulers.

........................................ pence
(2)
(Total 4 marks)

Q5. Compasses cost c pence each.

Rulers cost r pence each.

Write down an expression for the total cost, in pence, of 2 compasses and 4 rulers.

........................................ pence
(Total 2 marks)

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M1.

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) 2x – 3 + x + 6 + 3x + 1 6x + 4 2 M1 for 2x – 3 + x + 6 + 3x + 1 or 6x + k seen

A1 for 6x + 4, condone P = 6x + 4 but not
x = 6x + 4 or 0 = 6x + 4

(b) 6x + 4 = 37 5.5 2 M1 for “6x + 4” = 37, must be 3 term linear

6x = 33 equation with coefficient of x ≠ 1
x = 5.5
A1 for 5.5, , 5 oe or ft for their “6x + 4”
provided x is positive.

OR

M1 for a correct 2 stage numerical process to

find x

A1 for 5.5, , 5 oe or ft for their “6x + 4”

provided x is positive.

T&I Allow 2 marks for 5.5oe , otherwise 0

(SC B1 “ x + k = 37” or “kx = 37)
NB Do not award marks in (a) for 6x + 4 in
(b)

Total for Question: 4 marks

M2.

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

QWC Angle RQT= 100° Proof 5 B1 for angle RQT = 100°

(i, ii, (alternate angles are equal)
iii) B1 for angle TQU = 100 – x or

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angle QUT = 100 – x

Angle TQU = 100 – x
B1 for completing the proof
Angle QUT = 100 – x
(base angles of isos triangle)
C2 for all 3 reasons given
QWC: Proof should be
Angle QTU = 180 – (100 – x + 100 – x)
clearly laid out with technical
angles in a triangle)
language correct, e.g.
alternate angles are equal

[C1 for just 1 or 2 reasons

given] QWC: Proof should be
clearly laid out with technical
language correct, e.g.
alternate angles are equal

Total for Question: 5 marks

M3.

Working Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) 300 ÷ 25 12 2 M1 for 25 + 25 + 25 + ... or “3” ÷ 25 or £1 = 4 oe

A1 for 12 cao

(b) 3x 1 B1 for 3x or 3 × x

(c) x+5 1 B1 for x + 5 cao

Total for Question: 4 marks

M4.

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Answer Mark Additional Guidance

(a) 2x + 8y 2 B2 for 2x + 8y oe
[B1 for 2x or 8y seen]
{Note:–8y seen with no working gets B0
4x + 2x = 6x gets B0}

(b) 2c + 4r 2 B2 for 2c + 4r oe
[B1 for 2c or 4r or seen]
Ignore any Left Hand Side = 2c + 4r
{Note: ignore units or use of ‘p’}

Total for Question: 4 marks

M5.

Answer Mark Additional Guidance

2c + 4r 2 B2 for 2c + 4r oe
[B1 for 2c or 4r oe seen]
Ignore any Left Hand Side = 2c + 4r
{Note: ignore units or use of ‘p’}

Total for Question: 2 marks

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E1. Foundation

A significant number of candidates were able to score at least 1 mark in this question.

In part (a), only the best candidates were able to add and simplify the three expressions to
get the correct perimeter for the triangle.

Common errors include: not recognizing that the coefficient of x by itself is 1, so that x +
2x + 3x was simplified to 5x; ignoring the negative sign so that (+6) + (–3) + (+1) was
simplified to 10; adding the constant terms to the terms in x, so that e.g. 6x + 4 was
simplified to 10x; incomplete simplification (usually to 6x + 7 – 3); unnecessary division by
2, so that 6x + 4 was the simplified to 3x + 2.

In part (b), few candidates put the expression they obtained in part (a) to form an equation
in x. Of those that did, many had difficulty in dividing 33 by 6. A significant number of
candidates used trial and improvement in the diagram to arrive at the correct answer for
this part.

Higher

Many candidates were able to reach a correct simplified answer for a question that has
now become common. Some candidates did not know the difference between a formula,
an expression and an equation. Answers to part (a) of the form P = 6x + 4 (a formula) or
37 = 6x + 4 (the start of part (b)) were not penalised, but 0 = 6x + 4, 180 = 6x + 4 and x =
6x + 4 all were.

Answers to part (b) were again marred by a lack of arithmetical skill.

The main stopping block being the division of 33 by 6, which often yielded 5.3 and where
answers of 5 remainder 3 were not considered acceptable. Most candidates knew that
they had to apply their answer to part (a) and set it equal to 37. Some used no algebra at
all but showed a process that was clearly equivalent to subtracting 4 from 37 and the
dividing the answer by 6. They got full marks if 5.5 or equivalent was obtained

E3. Part (a) was answered very well. Many candidates worked out that 4 stamps could be
bought for £1 so therefore 12 could be bought for £3 and some showed division of 300 by
25. Some made simple mistakes such as 5 stamps for £1, leading to an answer of 15, or 4
for £1, 8 for £2 so 16 for £3. Common incorrect methods were 25 ÷ 3 and 25 × 3. Part (b)
was answered less well but nevertheless more than half of the candidates were able to

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give the correct expression. A common incorrect answer was x3. Some candidates, not
appreciating that an expression was required, wrote x = 3x which gained no credit. In part
(c) the correct answer was seen less often. Many incorrect expressions had 5 being
multiplied by x rather than added to it and some candidates added 5 to Barry’s amount
rather than to Adam’s amount.

E4. Part (a) was answered very well by most candidates. For some, the signs caused a
problem with 2x – 8y being the most common incorrect answer. Most candidates were
also successful in part (b). Some, though, wrote down 2c + 4r in their working and then
made this equal to 6cr, or even 8cr, and lost a mark. A few candidates gave the answer as
c2 + r4. Many candidates did not know the difference between an expression and an
equation but they were not penalised for this.

E5. Many candidates gained at least one mark in this question for quoting either 2c or 4r
or their equivalences. However c2 + r4 and 6cr were common mistakes.

2c = c2 showing a basic misconception was also seen.

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