No.

of Printed Pages : 16 BPHCT-131

o m
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B. Sc.)

u.c
(BSCG)
Term-End Examination
June, 2023

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BPHCT-131 : MECHANICS

Time : 2 Hours
tG Maximum Marks : 50
en
Note : (i) Attempt all questions.
(ii) The marks for each question are
m

indicated against it.

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(iii) Symbols have their usual meanings.

(iv) You may use a calculator.
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1. Answer any five parts : 2 each

UA

→ →
(a) Show that for any two vectors p and q :
2 2
→ → → →
p.q +  p× q  p2 q 2
NO

=
 
(b) State the order and degree of the ODE :
IG

( y′ )2 + 2 y′ =
0.

P. T. O.
 [2] BPHCT-131

(c) A car of mass 3000 kg is moving in a

m
circular path of radius 10 m at a constant

speed of 6 ms−1 . Calculate the centripetal

o
force on it.

u.c
(d) Calculate the work done by the force
F = (2.0x –5.0 x 2 ) N in moving a particle of

ur
mass 2.0 kg from x1 = 1.0 m to

tG
x2 = 3.0 m.

(e) What is the rotational K. E. of a particle of

en
mass 2 kg moving in a circle of radius 1 m
with an angular speed of 1 rad s–1 ?
m

(f) State Kepler’s law of harmonics for

ign

planetary motion.

(g) Two tuning forks of frequencies 383 Hz and

ss

389 Hz are sounded simultaneously.

Calculate the beat frequency.
UA

(h) Give one example of waves :

(i) which require a medium for

NO

propagation.

(ii) which do not require a medium for

IG

propagation.
 [3] BPHCT-131

2. Answer any two parts :

(a) (i) Determine torque about the point

m
→
(1, 0, –1) due to a force F = 3iˆ + jˆ − kˆ

o
u.c
being exerted at the point (2, –1, –4). 2

(ii) Determine the velocity and

acceleration of a particle with position

ur
vector : 3

tG
→
r ( t ) = cos2 t iˆ + sin2 t jˆ + cos 2t kˆ
en
(b) Show that the following ODE is exact and
solve it : 5
m

( 3ex − 2 + y ) dx + ( x + e y − 7 ) dy =0
ign

(c) Solve the following boundary value

problem : 5
ss

y′′ − 4 y′ + 4 y =
0

y (0) = 3
UA

y (1 ) = 0 .
NO

3. Answer any two parts :

(a) A ship of mass 4 × 108 kg is moving at a

IG

constant velocity. Its engine generates a

P. T. O.
 [4] BPHCT-131

forward thrust of 8 × 105 N . Determine

m
(i) the upward bouyant force on the ship
due to water and (ii) the resistive force

o
exerted by water on the ship. 5

u.c
Take g = 10 ms−2 .

ur
(b) Calculate the value of acceleration due to
the Earth’s gravity at an altitude of

tG
5.0 × 103 km and at the depth of 10 km.
en
Given g0 = 10 ms–2. Take R E = 6400 km. 5

(c) (i) If the force of friction is 20 N, what

m

power is needed to maintain a steady

ign

speed of an object at 2.0 ms–1 on level

ground ? 2
ss

(ii) A woman of mass 80 kg and her car

are suddenly accelerated from rest to a
UA

speed of 6.0 ms–1 as a result of rear-

end collision. Obtain the impulse on
NO

the woman and the average force

exerted on her if the duration of the
IG

collision is 0.8 s. 2+1

 [5] BPHCT-131

4. Answer any two parts : 5 each

m
(a) (i) A girl is sitting on a giant wheel at a
distance of 5.0 m from its centre. What

o
is her speed when the wheel is turning

u.c
at the rate of 1 revolution every 5 s ?

ur
(ii) State the law of conservation of

tG
angular momentum. A satellite having
moment of inertia of 10000 kgm2 is
en
rotating at angular speed of 1 r.p.m. If
its moment of inertia is increased to
m

30000 kgm2, what will its angular

ign

speed be (in r.p.m.) ? 2+1

(b) (i) What is a central force ? What are the

ss

two constants of motion under central

conservative forces ? 2+1
UA

(ii) Determine the centre of mass and

relative coordinates of a system
NO

consisting of two particles of masses

of 1.5 kg and 2.5 kg placed 3.0 m
IG

apart. 2

P. T. O.
 [6] BPHCT-131

(c) Two balls of masses 1 kg and 3 kg collide

m
head on in an elastic collision in the equal
→
and opposite velocities v . Determine their

o
final velocities. 5

u.c
5. Answer any two parts :

ur
(a) (i) The amplitude of oscillation of a

tG
simple harmonic oscillator is 40 cm.
Show that its instantaneous kinetic
en
energy is less than its average kinetic
energy when the displacement is
m

30 cm. 3
ign

(ii) An object undergoes SHM with

frequency f = 0.45 Hz. The initial

displacement is 0.025 m and the initial

ss

velocity is 1.5 ms–1. Calculate the

UA

amplitude of the oscillation. 2

(b) The motion of a simple pendulum is

NO

described by the differential equation : 5

d2x
+ 9x =
0
IG

dt 2
 [7] BPHCT-131

Write the solution of this differential

m
equation for the following set of initial
conditions :

o
u.c
dx
at t = 0 , x = 3 cm and = 0.
dt

(c) A travelling wave is given by :

ur
y ( x , t ) = 0.18 sin (10.2t − 3.2x + 1.8) m

tG
where x is measured in metres and t is
en
measured in seconds. Determine the
distance by which the origin on the x-axis
m

should be shifted so that the expression for

ign

the wave becomes : 5

y ( x , t ) 0.18 sin (10.2t − 3.2x ) m

=
ss
UA
NO
IG

P. T. O.
 [8] BPHCT-131

BPHCT-131

m
foKku Lukrd (ch- ,l-&lh-)

o
(ch- ,l- lh- th-)

u.c
l=kkar ijh{kk

ur
twu] 2023

tG
ch-ih-,p-lh-Vh--131 % ;kaf=kdh
le; % 2 ?k.Vs vf/dre vad % 50
en
uksV % (i) lHkh iz'u dhft,A
m

(ii) izR;sd iz'u ds vad mlds lkeus fn, x, gSaA

ign

(iii) izrhdksa ds vius lkekU; vFkZ gSaA

(iv) vki dSYdqysVj dk iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA
ss

1- dksbZ ik¡p Hkkx dhft, % izR;sd 2

UA

→ →
(d) fl¼ dhft, fd fdUgha nks lfn'kksa p vkSj q
NO

ds fy, %
2 2
→ → → →
p2 q 2
IG

p.q +  p× q  =
 
 [9] BPHCT-131

([k) fuEufyf[kr lk/kj.k vody lehdj.k ds

m
dksfV vkSj ?kkr fyf[k, %

o
( y′ )2 + 2 y′ =

u.c
0

(x) nzO;eku 3000 kg dh ,d dkj f=kT;k 10 m

ur
okys orqZy iFk ij 6 ms−1 dh vpj pky ls

tG
xfreku gSA ml ij yx jgs vfHkdsUnz cy dh
en
x.kuk dhft,A
m

(?k) nzO;eku 2.0 kg ds ,d d.k dks x1 = 1.0 m

ign

ls x2 = 3.0 m rd ys tkus esa cy

=F ( 2.0x − 5.0x 2 ) N }kjk fd, x, dk;Z

ss

dh x.kuk dhft,A
UA

(Ä) nzO;eku 2 kg okys d.k dh] tks f=kT;k 1m

NO

ds o`Ùk esa 1 rads−1 dh dks.kh; pky ls

xfreku gS] ?kw.khZ xfrt ÅtkZ D;k gS \
IG

P. T. O.
 [ 10 ] BPHCT-131

(p) xzgh; xfr ds fy, dSIyj dk lg&Lojrk dk

m
fu;e fyf[k,A

o
u.c
(N) 383 Hz rFkk 389 Hz vko`fÙk;ksa okys

nks Lofj=k f}Hkqtksa dks ,d lkFk èofur

ur
tG
fd;k tkrk gSA foLian vko`fÙk ifjdfyr
en
dhft,A
m

(t) fuEufyf[kr rjaxksa dk ,d&,d mnkgj.k

ign

nhft, %
ss

(i) os rjaxsa ftUgsa lapj.k ds fy, ekè;e dh

UA

vko';drk gksrh gSA

NO

(ii) os rjaxsa ftUgsa lapj.k ds fy, ekè;e dh

vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA

IG
 [ 11 ] BPHCT-131

2- dksbZ n ks Hkkx dhft, % izR;sd 5

m
(d) (i) fcUnq ( 2, −1 − 4 ) ij yx jgs cy

o
→
F = 3iˆ + jˆ − kˆ dk fcUnq (1, 0, −1 ) ds

u.c
izfr cy vk?kw.kZ Kkr dhft,A 2

ur
(ii) fLFkfr lfn'k %

tG
→
r ( t ) = cos2 t iˆ + sin2 t jˆ + cos 2t kˆ
en
okys d.k dk osx vkSj Roj.k izkIr
dhft,A 3
m

([k) fl¼ dhft, fd fuEufyf[kr lk/kj.k vody

ign

lehdj.k ;FkkrFk gS vkSj mls gy dhft, % 5

( 3ex − 2 + y ) dx + ( x + e y − y ) dy =0
ss

(x) fuEufyf[kr ifjlhek eku leL;k dks gy

UA

dhft, % 5
NO

y′′ − 4 y′ + 4 y =
0

y (0) = 3
IG

y (1 ) = 0

P. T. O.
 [ 12 ] BPHCT-131

3- dksbZ n ks Hkkx dhft, %

m
(d) nzO;eku 4 × 108 kg dk ,d tgkt vpj osx

o
ls xfreku gSA mlds batu dk iz.kksn 8 × 105 N

u.c
gSA (i) ikuh ds dkj.k tgkt+ ij yx jgs

ur
mRIykou cy vkSj (ii) ikuh }kjk tgkt+ ij

tG
vkjksfir izfrjks/
en cy Kkr dhft,A
g = 10 ms–2 ysaA 5

([k) Å¡pkbZ 5.0 × 103 km vkSj xgjkbZ 10 km ij

m

i`Foh ds xq#Roh; Roj.k dh x.kuk dhft,A

ign

fn;k gS fd g0 = 10 ms −2 A R E = 6400 km
ss

yhft,A 5
UA

(x) (i) ;fn ?k"kZ.k cy 20 N gks] rks lery Hkwfe

ij fdlh fiaM dh fLFkj pky 2.0 ms–1

NO

cuk, j[kus ds fy, fdruh 'kfDr dh

IG

vko';drk gksxh \ 2
 [ 13 ] BPHCT-131

(ii) nzO;eku 80 kg dh efgyk vkSj mldh dkj

m
ihNs ls gq, la?kV~Vu ds dkj.k fojkekoLFkk

o
ls vpkud Rofjr gksrs gSa vkSj mudh pky

u.c
6.0 ms−1 gks tkrh gSA efgyk ij vkosx
vkSj ml ij yxs vkSlr cy dh

ur
x.kuk dhft, ;fn la?kV~Vu dh vof/
0-8 s gSA
tG 2+1
en
4- dksbZ n ks Hkkx dhft, %
m

(d) (i) ,d yM+dh ,d fo'kky >wys

ign

(giant wheel) ij mlds dsUnz ls 5.0 m

dh nwjh ij cSBh gSA tc >wyk 5s esa ,d

ss

ifjØe.k dh nj ls ?kwerk gS] rks yM+dh dh

UA

pky D;k gS \ 2

(ii) dks.kh; laosx dk laj{k.k fu;e fyf[k,A

NO

,d mixzg] ftldk tM+Ro vk?kw.kZ

IG

10000 kgm2 gS] dh dks.kh; pky

P. T. O.
 [ 14 ] BPHCT-131

1 r.p.m. gSA ;fn mldk tM+Ro vk?kw.kZ

m
c<+kdj 30000 kgm2 dj fn;k tk,] rks

o
mldh dks.kh; pky ( r.p.m. ) esa D;k

u.c
gksxh \ 2$1

ur
([k) (i) dsUnzh; cy D;k gksrk gS \ dsUnzh; laj{kh

cyksa ds v/hu xfr ds fy, xfr ds nks

vpj D;k gSa \
tG 2$1
en
(ii) ,d&nwljs ls 3.0 m dh nwjh ij j[ks
m

nzO;ekuksa 1.5 kg vkSj 2.5 kg ds nks d.kksa

ign

dh fudk; ds lagfr dsUnz vkSj vkisf{kd

funsZ'kkad izkIr dhft,A 2
ss

(x) nzO;ekuksa 1 kg vkSj 3 kg okyh nks xsanksa dk lh/k

UA

izR;kLFk la?kV~Vu gksrk gS tc os ,d&nwljs dh

NO

→
foijhr fn'kk esa osx v ls xfreku gSaA muds
vafre osx Kkr dhft,A 5
IG
 [ 15 ] BPHCT-131

5- dksbZ n ks Hkkx dhft, %

m
(d) (i) fdlh ljy vkorhZ nksyd dk vk;ke

o
40 cm gSA fl¼ dhft, fd tc foLFkkiu

u.c
30 cm gS] rks nksyd dh rkR{kf.kd xfrt
ÅtkZ bldh vkSlr xfrt ÅtkZ ls de gSA

ur
3

tG
(ii) ,d fiaM vko`fÙk f = 0.45 Hz ls ljy
vkorZ xfr djrk gSA mldk vkjfEHkd
en
foLFkkiu 0.025 m vkSj vkjfEHkd osx
m
1.5 ms−1 gSA nksyu ds vk;ke dh x.kuk
dhft,A 2
ign

([k) fdlh ljy yksyd dh xfr fuEufyf[kr

vody lehdj.k }kjk O;Dr gksrh gS % 5
ss

d2 x
UA

+ 9x =
0
dt 2

fuEufyf[kr vkjfEHkd izfrca/ksa ds fy, bl

NO

vody lehdj.k dk gy fyf[k, %

dx
t =0 ij x = 3 cm vkSj = 0A
IG

dt

P. T. O.
 [ 16 ] BPHCT-131

(x) ,d izxkeh rjax dk O;atd fuEufyf[kr gS % 5

m
y ( x , t ) = 0.18 sin (10.2t − 3.2x + 1.8) m

o
tgk¡ x dk ekiu ehVj esa vkSj dk lsd.M

u.c
t

esa fd;k x;k gSA og nwjh ifjdfyr dhft,

ur
ftl ij ewyfcUnq dks x &v{k ds vuqfn'k

tG
LFkkukarfjr djus
en ij rjax dk O;atd
fuEufyf[kr gks tk,xk %
m
y ( x , t ) 0.18 sin (10.2t − 3.2x ) m
=
ign
ss
UA
NO
IG

BPHCT–131