Iphp 3
Iphp 3
Iphp 3
12 Introduction to
SELF-LEARNING MODULE
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
12
Introduction to
SELF-LEARNING MODULE
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person- Grade 12 Self-
Learning Module (SLM) on Philosophy and Perspective!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
Welcome to the Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person- Grade 12 Self-
Learning Module (SLM) on Philosophy and Perspective!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
ii
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
iii
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
iv
The essence of doing philosophy is more than a subject matter and a process but
also drawing judgment base on reliable and trustworthy ground.
What I Know
Hi! This time you are going to determine your own understanding regarding the topic.
Let’s start! Answer this test before studying this module. This will determine the
extent of your knowledge about the topics of the module.
Directions: Choose the best answer from the given choices. Write the letter of your
chosen answer on the blank before the number.
____1. Which of the following parts of human body keep keen insights and clear
thinking?
a. ears b. eyes c. heart d. forehead
____2. Philosophy comes from two Greek words, “philia” means love and “Sophia”
means __.
a. idea b. intellect c. truth d. wisdom
___4. It has the capacity to think, understand, make decision, and put into action.
a. idea b. intellect c. love d. knowledge
___5. Which of the following statement does not belong on what philosophy is?
a. a quest for wisdom
b. based on preferences or feelings
c. particular methodic type of thought
d. possession of intellectual knowledge
___6.Which of the following statement does not belong on what philosophy is not?
a. sensitive c. simply a theory or something
b. quest for wisdom d. based on preferences or feelings
____7. It is the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the
ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which governs all things.
a. Humanities b. Philosophy c. Science d. Social Science
Illustration A
I II III IV sunrise
sunset
Sun rises Sun over the mountain Sun sets Child knows sunrise and sunset.
Sun is rising Sun is moving Sun is setting Child is wondering about the sun
____12. It is a perspective that considers the “bigger picture” when looking at the
problems and situations.
a. holistic c. partial and holistic
b. partial d. public
____13. Early Greek Astronomers believed that the Sun revolved around the
earth. This statement is an example of __.
a. holistic c. partial and holistic
b. partial d. personal
____14. According to the idea of Nicolaus Copernicus that the The Sun is the
center of the solar system. It is the earth that orbits around the sun.
and supported by Galileo Galilee through his invention of telescope, and
concluded by Isaac Newton of his law of gravity. What kind of statements are
these?
a. holistic c. both partial and holistic
b. partial d. public
Well, how was the activity? Find out your score by comparing your answer with
those in the answer key.
If all your answers are correct, very good! This shows that you have knowledge about
the topics in this module. You may study this module to review what you already
know and learn more new things as well.
If you got a low score, do not feel bad. Work on the module to help you understand
important concepts which you can apply in your daily life. Study the module
carefully and learn the answers to all the items in the test.
Are you ready? You may proceed now. Let’s get in and embark!
Lesson
Philosophy and Perspective
1
What’s In
This part of the module will assist you in crafting your goal and setting a way of
achieving that goal. This is the channel of understanding philosophy as a concept as
well as a process and make use of this understanding to arrive at clear insights.
“A big part of living is spent pondering many questions, and our lives became
more meaningful because we search for answers to these innumerable
questions.This is the essence of Philosophy-the search for answers to life’s
questions.”
Roberto D. Abella
Processing questions :
1. What do you think is the subject/topic? Describe the subject.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. In everything you do, do you think it will last long? Support your answer.
_______________________________________________________________ ___
Ascertain one’s answer is a self evaluation that allows us to check our own work
and performance. Through self check mechanism , there is a chance to improve
what has been weakly done and enhance further what has been properly done.
__________________________________________________________________
2. Was the time and attention worthy for this reflective activity?
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
What’s New
Column A Column B
___1. eyes a.to work with
___2. hands b.to see with
___3. heart c.to smell with
___4. ears d.keen insights and think clearly
___5. nose e.compassion with
___6. forehead f. to hear with
Activity 3. # Be a Judge !
Directions: Based on the illustrations I & II, III & IV, describe your observation
and write your answer on the space provided.
I
1. ____________________________________
II 2. ____________________________________
III
3._____________________________________
IV 4.___________________________________
Activity 2 shows accurate functions of senses and Activity 3 illustrates that simple
thinking is not enough to make statements. These are relevant in understanding
Philosophy. Senses should not commit error when it provides data. As well as,
appropriate judgment must be made base on reality. This implies that Philosophy is
a critical understanding on accurate data from reliable senses. To sum up;
What is It
Philosophy is a broad question about mind and the world, band the thought and the
reality. The etymological definition of Philosophy comes from two Greek words
“philia” means love and “sophia” means wisdom. Hence, Philosophy is a love of
wisdom. Love involves unconditional interest and desire towards its object. In
Philosophy, the object is wisdom. Thus in understanding Philosophy, it involves
thinking process, analysis, compare and contrast of knowledge towards wisdom.
Furthermore, it involves the proper use of body parts and its corresponding senses
in order to look and understand ideas and objects in our mind and the world we live.
Illustration A
mind to think
?
This illustration shows the experience of seeing the sun excites person’s mind to
think and heart to feel. As an analogy, heart feels love which is a strong desire for a
particular object and mind thinks of wisdom which is a correct application of
knowledge.
Illustration B
How do I know,
What I am what you know
thinking? about the sun?
What do you observed regarding person a and person b thinking? Is there difference
in the minds of the two persons about the way they think what sun is?
This activity of the mind of person a and b is the same with you who keep knowledge
of what you had observed. However, you have different perspective on what is inside
your mind.
You have knowledge, information, beliefs and opinion regarding things, creatures
and daily happenings of the world. These intellectual possessions depend on your
eyes, ears, noses and body organs. Yet sometimes, senses relay defective sensation
or wrong data. Hence, what you know may not be perfectly precise.
Illustration III
Person a Sun Person b
circular shape
sun rays
(Form) of a sun
(Form)
Looking at the illustration above, there is already critical understanding. The concept
inside the mind of two persons corresponds to the manifestation of the object(sun).
Each person possesses a way of looking at the object. Yet, the form/concept varies
for person a who is thinking of sun rays and person b who is thinking on the circular
shape of the sun. Each point of view is called partial perspective.
Partial perspective is a view where one sees a phenomenon caused by a single factor
or casual agency. A partial point of view looks at one side of thing and consider it as
the absolute reality or the only cause of the series of movements or changes. Such
as one aspect yet considered as everything about the object. Partial perspective in
doing Philosophy focuses on the specific aspect of a situation.
Plato, a Greek Philosopher, finds a way to solve the problem. According to Plato,
form permeates the ability to think and understand what is inside the mind of the
person. He said, to understand different concepts, there is a need for dialectic- a
method of thinking the two opposite ideas then try to grasp new idea. Dialectic
method allows person to know from one partial perspective to another perspective.
An example is COVID 19 pandemic situation. A healthy 21 year old lad was confident
that he can not be infected and refused to follow all safety protocols. He lived his
days to its fullest. Then one day, he felt ill and went to his doctor for checkup and
underwent series of laboratory tests. Thereafter, he was diagnosed as infected with
the virus. Is it possible that his thoughts about the pandemic still the same before
his infection? Certainly, there will be a change of standpoint regarding this
pandemic. Was it necessary to experience infection for him to change his thoughts
about the pandemic? Definitely it is not necessary because a person has mind to
think, imagine, analyze and find new ideas. This is what the dialectic method of Plato
is all about.
On the other hand, holistic perspective is a broad approach in understanding reality.
It allows every and all possible aspects or factors that surrounds the object of interest
or query. It is an apprehension and comprehension of a general notion that includes
all probabilities. However, it acknowledges the presence of non essentials and
irrelevant details. It is objective and not sensitive. Thus, holistic perspective
considers the “bigger picture” when looking at the problems and situations.
Socrates was famous in his question and answer approach called as Socratic method.
Through his Socratic method, knowledge and its application bring forth concept of
wisdom. For him, the need to philosophize is driven by the love of wisdom.
Philosophy is not simply a study of the different theories and principles about
different social sciences, rather, philosophy is an activity: a quest for wisdom.
What’s More
Perception on objects varies from one person to another. It is even possible that you
may change your perspective when a new reliable and trustworthy information is
available or truth surfaces. Let us carry on this activity.
Activity 4. # Look Up !
Directions: Follow the flow of storyline in illustrations A & B. Identify the difference
between the two illustrations and write your answers on the space provided.
Illustration A
I II III IV sunrise
sunset
Sun rises Sun over the mountain Sun sets Child knows sunrise and sunset.
Illustration B
Why does the Sun rise?
Why does the Sun set?
I II III IV Why does Sun exist?
Sun is rising Sun is moving Sun is setting Child is wondering about the sun
Guide Questions:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Illustration A shows knowledge of the sun such as; sun rises, sun shines and sun
sets. Science would explain the process of sunrise to sunset. This an example of
partial perspective. We ask question, clarify and find an answer.
1. 3.
2.
4.
You are done reading and understanding the topics on knowing Philosophy, doing
Philosophy and perspectives in doing Philosophy. Let’s dig in and enhance your
mastery on the topics by doing this task.
Activity 6. # Connect Me !
Directions for items 1-4: Think of at least four words or concepts about Philosophy
and write your answer inside the circle.
2.
1. Philosophy 3.
4.
Directions for items 5-10: Read and think the questions about partial and holistic
perspectives and write your answer on the blank.
5.__________________________________________________________________
6.__________________________________________________________________
7.__________________________________________________________________
8.__________________________________________________________________
9. _________________________________________________________________
What I Can Do
You’re great! You learn and fall in with our lesson. Stand still and bring on
your learning in this world of perspectives.
Activity 7. # Complete Me !
Directions: A table is divided into three columns. The first column contains
propositions and statements. In the second column, identify whether the
statement is holistic perspective or partial perspective. In the third
column, write the reasons of your answer in column 2.
Holistic Perspective/
Propositions/ Statements Reasons
Partial Perspective
1. Early in the morning, the
sun rises above the
mountain.
2. While the sun is rising,
keep on smiling, praising
and giving thanks to God
in Heaven.
3. All Stars are celestial
bodies. A sun is a star.
Therefore, a sun is a
celestial body.
4. All Stars are celestial
bodies and Nora Aunor is
a star. Hence, Nora
Aunor is a celestial body.
Assessment
Directions: Choose the best answer from the given choices. Write the letter of your
answers on the space before the number.
____1. It is the study or discipline that uses human reason to investigate the
ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which governs all things.
a. Social Science b. Science c. Philosophy d. Humanities
____2. According to the idea of Nicolaus Copernicus that it was earth that orbits
around the sun and supported by Galileo Galilee through his invention of
telescope, and concluded by Isaac Newton of his law of gravity. What kind of
statements are these?
a. public b. partial and holistic c. partial d. holistic
____4. Which of the following parts of human body keep keen insights and clear
thinking?
a. forehead b. heart c. eyes d. ears
____6. It is a perspective that considers the “bigger picture” when looking at the
problems and situations.
a. holistic b. partial c. partial and holistic d. public
____7.Which of the following statement does not belong on what philosophy is not?
a. a quest for wisdom c. sensitive
b. based on preferences d. simply a theory of something
____8. It has the capacity to think, understand, make decision, and put into
action.
a. knowledge b. love c. intellect d. idea
____9. Philosophy comes from two Greek words, “philia” means love and “Sophia”
means __.
a. wisdom b.truth c. intellect d. idea
____10. Early Greek Astronomers believed that the Sun revolved around the
earth. This statement is an example of __.
a. holistic c. partial and holistic
b. partial d. personal
___11. Which of the following statement does not belong on what philosophy is?
a. a quest for wisdom
b. based on preferences or feelings
c. particular methodic type of thought
d. possession of intellectual knowledge
Illustration A
I II III IV sunrise
sunset
Sun rises Sun over the mountain Sun sets Child knows sunrise and sunset.
Sun is rising Sun is moving Sun is setting Child is wondering about the sun
Additional Activities
Splendid ! You had completed the the final task of Introduction to the
Philosophy of the Human Person Module 1 Philosophy and Perspective.
Let me send you off with this philosophical inspiration.
Directions: Read and imagine the poem entitled “The Sun is Rising”.
THE SUN IS RISING
By Julius Libay
--
Guide Questions:
1. Is there any difference between the first two stanzas compare to the last two
stanzas? Explain your answer
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2. Compare and differentiate partial from holistic perspective in the poem
entitled ‘The Sun Is Rising”
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Is it true that the sun is the source of light, life, and love? Support your
answer.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Answer Key
15.a d 15.
14.a c 14.
13. b b 13.
12.a b 12.
11.b b 11.
10.b b 10.
9.a perspective a 9.
8.c 4. partial c 8.
7.b 6. d perspective a 7.
6.b 5. c 3. holistic a 6.
5.b 4. f perspective b 5.
4.b 3. e 2. holistic a 4.
3.c 2. a perspective c 3.
2.d 1. b 1. partial d 2.
1.d Activity 2 Column 2 c 1.
What I Know What's New What I Can Do Assessment
References
DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd – Division of General
Santos City with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the
new normal. Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used
by all learners in General Santos City in all public schools beginning SY 2020-
2021. The process of LR development was observed in the production of this
module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.