Lab 13

ME-332 Heat Transfer & HVAC Lab
Heat Transfer and HVAC Lab

Lab Report 13
HEAT PUMP
6TH SEMESTER
Submitted to: LE Zeeshan Ahsan

Session: 2021 Section: ME-13B Group: A
SUBMITTED BY
Name CMS Marks
SYED JAON ABBAS 375601

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
Objectives:
• To study the effect of change in flow rate of evaporator on COP.
• To study the effect of change in flow rate of condenser on COP.
Apparatus:
• Heat pump apparatus.
Figure 1: Heat pump apparatus
Introduction:
A heat pump operates by transferring heat from a lower-temperature area to a higher-
temperature one, contrary to natural heat flow. Comprising three main components—the
evaporator, compressor, and condenser—it functions on the principles of the refrigeration
cycle. Initially, in the evaporator, a refrigerant absorbs heat from its surroundings,
transitioning from a low-temperature liquid to a gas. Subsequently, the compressor
elevates the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant gas, facilitating its movement to
the condenser. There, the high-temperature gas releases heat to the external environment
or interior space, depending on whether the system is heating or cooling. The refrigerant
then condenses back into a liquid, undergoing pressure and temperature reduction in the
expansion valve before returning to the evaporator to repeat the cycle. In heating mode,
the cycle reverses: the outside unit serves as the evaporator, extracting heat from the
outdoor air, while the indoor unit functions as the condenser, releasing heat into the
building.
Procedure:
• Activate the main power source.
• Press the red power button located on the control panel to initialize the system.
• Adjust the water flow by opening valves Av1 and Av4 while closing valves Av2 and
Av3 to ensure proper circulation.
• Start the fan and water supply mechanisms, adjusting their speeds as needed via
the control knobs. Ensure the fan operates at maximum speed.
• Initiate the compressor and allow it to run until the temperature at the compressor
outlet stabilizes.
• Record temperature readings at the condenser's inlet and outlet, alongside
pressure measurements at both inlet and outlet points.
• Deactivate the compressor once temperature stabilization is achieved.
• Calculate the Coefficient of Performance (C.O.P.) for the heat pump based on the
recorded data.
• Prior to shut down, remember to power off the compressor, fans, and control
panel. Finally, switch off the main power supply.
Results (Volume flow rate of condenser Vcond= 2 l/min):

• Density of water = 𝜌𝑤 = 990 kg/m3
• Coefficient of heat of water = 𝐶𝑤 = 4.186 × 103 J/K. Kg
Volume flow Volume flow Mass flow Input Output Win COP
rate of rate of rate of temperature temperature (W)
evaporator evaporator V water in of condenser of condenser
Vevap (l/m) (m3/s) condenser
m
1.8 3× 10-5 0.033 31 23 796 1.388
1.4 2.333× 10-5 0.033 32 23 803 1.548
Calculation:
Mass flow rate of water in condenser=m = (V) ( 𝜌𝑤 )=(3.333 × 10-5) (990)
Mass flow rate of water in condenser=m =0.033 Kg/s
Coefficient of performance of refrigerant= COPH
𝑞_𝑜𝑢𝑡
COPH =
𝑊𝑖𝑛
Heat out from the condenser = 𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡 = m𝐶𝑤 𝛥𝑇
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡 = m𝐶𝑤 𝛥𝑇= m𝐶𝑤 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 ′ 𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡 ′ 𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝)
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡 = (0.033) (4.186 × 103) (31 – 23) = 1105 W
1105
COPH = = 1.388
796
Results (Volume flow rate of evaporator Vevap= 2 l/min):
• Density of water = 𝜌𝑤 = 990 kg/m3
• Coefficient of heat of water = 𝐶𝑤 = 4.186 × 103 J/K. Kg
Volume flow Volume flow Mass flow Input Output Win COP
rate of rate of rate of temperature temperature (W)
water in of condenser of condenser
condenser condenser V condenser

Vcond (l/m) (m3/s) m
1.8 3× 10-5 0.0297 33 23 810 1.535
1.4 2.333× 10-5 0.0231 33 23 838 1.154
Calculation:
Mass flow rate of water in condenser=m = (V) ( 𝜌𝑤 )=(3 × 10-5) (990)
Mass flow rate of water in condenser=m =0.0297 Kg/s
Coefficient of performance of refrigerant= COPH
𝑞_𝑜𝑢𝑡
COPH =
𝑊𝑖𝑛
Heat out from the condenser = 𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡 = m𝐶𝑤 𝛥𝑇
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡 = m𝐶𝑤 𝛥𝑇= m𝐶𝑤 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 ′ 𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡 ′ 𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝)
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡 = (0.0297) (4.186 × 103) (33 – 23) = 1243.242 W
1243.242
COPH = = 1.535
810
Discussion:
Through our experimentation, we investigated the coefficient of performance (COP) of a
heat pump using R134a refrigerant under two distinct conditions. In the first scenario,
where the volume flow rate of the condenser remained constant while that of the
evaporator decreased, we observed a peculiar increase in COP despite the expected
outcomes of increased compressor work and elevated condenser input temperatures.
This deviation from standard thermodynamic expectations prompts further examination
into potential external factors or errors in measurement that may have influenced the
observed results.
Conversely, in the second case, where the volume flow rate of the evaporator was held
constant while that of the condenser decreased, our findings align with anticipated
outcomes. The observed decrease in COP corresponds with the increased compressor
work and constant heat rejection at the condenser, consistent with established principles
of heat pump operation.
In conclusion, while our experimentation yielded unexpected results in one scenario, our
observations in the second case reaffirmed standard thermodynamic principles. Further
analysis and scrutiny are warranted to fully understand the factors contributing to the
observed deviations and to ensure accurate interpretation of experimental data.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, our experiment aimed to investigate the impact of varying flow rates of the
evaporator and condenser on the coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump
utilizing R134a refrigerant. Through rigorous analysis, we observed intriguing outcomes,
with deviations from expected results in one scenario prompting further inquiry.
Nonetheless, our findings underscore the complex interplay between flow rates and COP,
highlighting the importance of comprehensive understanding in optimizing heat pump
efficiency. Moving forward, continued exploration and refinement are essential to
elucidate underlying mechanisms and enhance the efficacy of heat pump systems.

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ME-332 Heat Transfer & HVAC Lab

Heat Transfer and HVAC Lab

Submitted to: LE Zeeshan Ahsan

SYED JAON ABBAS 375601

Figure 1: Heat pump apparatus

Results (Volume flow rate of condenser Vcond= 2 l/min):

condenser condenser V condenser

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