WEEK: ONE

CLASS: JSS THREE

SUBJECT: ENGLISH LANGUAGE

TOPICS: LONG AND SHORT VOWEL CONTRASTS /i: - i/; /a: - æ/ and /ɔ: - ɒ/.
READING COMPREHENSION: READING COMPREHENSION PASSAGE
STRUCTURE: PREPOSITIONS
COMPOSITION: NARRATIVE ESSAY (WRITING AN OUTLINE OF AN ESSAY) ‘THE HAPPIEST
DAY OF MY LIFE’.
REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS THREE
BY F. ADEOYE ADEMOLA ET. AL.

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: the students have little knowledge about the topics.

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: By the end of these lessons, the students should be able to:

● Differentiate between long and short vowels /i: - i/; /a: - æ/ and /ɔ: - ɒ/.

● Identify prepositions according to their uses in sentences

● Answer comprehension questions correctly

● Write an outline for narrative essay correctly.

PRESENTATION

DAY ONE: LONG AND SHORT VOWEL CONTRASTS /i: - i/; /a: - æ/ and /ɔ: - ɒ/.

STEP ONE: The teacher revises the previous lesson by correcting the previous home work.

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allow the students to ask
questions.
STEP FIVE: the teacher gives note and marks the students’ notebooks

EVALUATION: Give five additional five words with each sound above

CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by correcting the class activity.

ASSIGNMENT: write 10 words that have long vowels and 5 words that have short vowels.
CONTENT

Vowels are sounds that are made when we speak without blocking air from coming out of the mouth.
The production of vowel sounds take place as the air stream flows from the lungs to the mouth
without any obstruction.
There are forty-four sound segments in English comprising twenty vowels and twenty- four consonants.
The production of vowel sounds take place as the air stream flows from the lungs to the mouth without
any obstruction.
The English vowel sounds are speech sounds produced by shaping the oral cavity (mouth) so as
to allow free passage of air from the lungs through the mouth. The airstream from the lungs
flows freely without any obstruction, but the tongue moves to modify the flow of air and the lips
are also shaped to affect the type of vowel being produced. For instance, in the production of
the consonant sound /t/ in "tall”, the air is obstructed by placing the tongue on the teeth ridge
and blocking the free flow of air.However, in the production of the vowel sound /i:/ in team, the
air flows freely without obstruction. This is why vowel sounds are called oral sounds-that is,
voiced sound.
Classification of Vowel Sounds
Generally speaking, there are twenty-five (25) vowel sounds in the English sound system. They
are however grouped into three. The first group consists of twelve (12)monophthongs or pure
vowels, the second group is made up of eight (8) diphthongs, while the last group is the
triphthongs which are five (5) in number.
The Monothongs or Pure vowels are the speech sounds that use a single phonetic symbol
to represent an oral sound, and which is articulated in a single position in the oral cavity.
The vowel in English is classified into two main groups: pure vowels also called monothongs and
diphthongs. The monothongs are further sub – divided into short vowels and long vowels.
Long vowels are vowel sounds that are stretched or held for a longer time. They often sound like the name
of the vowel letter itself. They are represented by a colon (:) in front of the vowel sound.
Short vowels are vowel sounds that are quick and short and do not have a colon in front of them.

SPEECH WORK VOWEL CONTRASTS

/i: / /i/ /a: / /æ/, /ᴐ:/ /ɒ/

seat sit card cat war pot,

neat knit dart lack pork what

leave live calm pack saw gone

meat mid heart hat lord nod

bees bid cart cat law loss

deed did bar bad cord cod

beat bit mark map horse ox

zeal lip psalm Sam broad pop

DAY TWO: READING: DANGER SIGNS ON OUR ROAD

STEP ONE: The teacher revises the previous lesson by correcting the previous home work.

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allows the students to ask
questions.
STEP FIVE: the teacher gives note and marks the students’ notebooks

EVALUATION: the teacher evaluates the lesson by asking the students to answer the
comprehension questions

CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by correcting the class activity.

ASSIGNMENT: answer the summary questions underneath the passage

DAY THREE: PREPOSITION

STEP ONE: The teacher revises the previous lesson by correcting the previous home work.

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allow the students to ask
questions.

STEP FIVE: the teacher gives note and marks the students’ notebooks

EVALUATION: Give two examples of a sentences showing how prepositions indicate time,
location, direction.

CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by correcting the class activity.

ASSIGNMENT: Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.

● The meeting starts _____ 10 AM.
● The cat is sleeping _____ the chair.
● We will go _____ the beach this weekend.
● The book is _____ the shelf.
● The dog ran _____ the street.
● We will meet _____ the library.
● She was born _____ 2005.
● The book is _____ the table.
CONTENT

PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions show the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence. The word
preposition comes from a Latin language which means ‘something placed before’ a noun. E.g. on, by,
across, in, inside, beneath, against, over, behind down, upon, off, between etc. prepositions often indicate
time, place, direction, and manner.

EXAMPLE

o The flowers on the sitting room table are very beautiful.

● The boys in the class are brilliant.
● The seat behind me is vacant.
● He has gone to work with his uncle.
● They arrived before
● Chike stood beside
● Chidi behind Olu
● The cup is under the table.
● The post office is near our house.
● The car sped round the corner.

Types of Prepositions
Prepositions of Time: These prepositions indicate when something happens.
Common Prepositions of Time:
- At: Used for specific times (e.g., "at 5 PM").
- In: Used for months, years, centuries, and long periods (e.g., "in July," "in 2024").
- On: Used for days and dates (e.g., "on Monday," "on Christmas Day").
Examples:
- "I have a meeting at 3 PM."
- "She was born in 1990."
- "We will celebrate on Friday."
2. Prepositions of Place:These prepositions indicate the location of something.
Common Prepositions of Place:
- In: Used for enclosed spaces (e.g., "in the room").
- On: Used for surfaces (e.g., "on the table").
- Under: Indicates something is below another object (e.g., "under the bed").
- Between: Indicates something is in the middle of two objects (e.g., "between the trees").
Examples:
- "The dog is in the garden."
- "The keys are on the counter."
- "The cat is hiding under the sofa."
3. Prepositions of Direction: These prepositions indicate movement towards a specific destination.
-Common Prepositions of Direction:
- To: Indicates movement towards a place (e.g., "to the store").
- Towards: Indicates movement in the direction of something (e.g., "towards the exit").
- Into: Indicates movement from outside to a point inside (e.g., "into the house").

DAY FOUR

STEP ONE: The teacher revises the previous lesson by correcting the previous home work.

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allow the students to ask
questions.

STEP FIVE: the teacher gives note and marks the students’ notebooks

EVALUATION: complete outline being discussed.

CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by correcting the class activity.

ASSIGNMENT: Building on the outline discussed in class, write a narrative essay on the topic
the happiest day of my life.
CONTENT

Writing a Narrative Essay: "The Happiest Day of My Life"

What is a Narrative Essay?
A narrative essay is a form of writing that tells a story from the writer's perspective. It often
includes personal experiences, emotions, and reflections. The purpose of a narrative essay is to engage the
reader and convey a deeper meaning through storytelling, often drawing from cultural and personal
experiences.
Structure of a Narrative Essay
A narrative essay typically follows a structured format, which includes:
● Introduction
● Body
● Conclusion
Tips for Writing Your Narrative Essay
● Use Descriptive Language: Engage your readers by using vivid descriptions that appeal to the
senses, reflecting the rich culture and environment around you.
● Show, Don’t Just Tell: Instead of simply stating facts, illustrate your feelings and experiences
through actions, dialogue, and cultural references.
● Keep a Clear Focus: Ensure that your story revolves around the main theme—what made this day
the happiest for you, incorporating elements of Nigerian culture and family values.
● Edit and Revise: After writing your first draft, take the time to revise for clarity, coherence, and
grammatical accuracy.
Composition: Narrative Essay (Writing an outline of an Essay) ‘The Happiest Day of My Life’

(a)Title: The Happiest Day of My Life’

(b) Introduction

(c) Body of the essay/contents

(i) What day was it?

(ii) Where were you?

(iii) What happened on that day?

(iv) Who were with you?

(v)What made it the happiest day in your life?

(vi) How did you feel at the end of that day?

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

Objective Questions

1. What is the difference between the long and short vowel sounds /i:/ and /i/?

A) Quality and length

B) Pitch and volume

C) Stress and intonation

D) Articulation and pronunciation

2. Which preposition indicates movement from one place to another?

A) In

B) On

C) At

D) To

3. What is the main idea of the reading comprehension passage?

A) To persuade the reader

B) To inform the reader

C) To entertain the reader

D) To analyze the reader

4. What is the purpose of an outline in writing a narrative essay?

A) To brainstorm ideas

B) To organize ideas

C) To write the first draft

D) To edit the final draft

5. Which long vowel sound is represented by the letter "a" in the word "cake"?

A) /a:/

B) /æ/

C) /ɔ:/

D) /ɒ/

6. Which preposition indicates location or position?

A) In

B) On

C) At

D) By

7. What is the tone of the reading comprehension passage?

A) Formal

B) Informal

C) Serious

D) Humorous

8. What is the first step in writing a narrative essay?

A) Brainstorming

B) Outlining

C) Drafting

D) Editing

9. Which short vowel sound is represented by the letter "o" in the word "hot"?

A) /ɔ:/

B) /ɒ/

C) /ʌ/

D) /ə/

10. Which preposition indicates time or schedule?

A) At

B) On

C) In
D) By

11. What is the purpose of the introduction in a narrative essay?

A) To summarize the story

B) To grab the reader's attention

C) To provide background information

D) To conclude the story

12. Which long vowel sound is represented by the letter "e" in the word "me"?

A) /i:/

B) /ɪ/

C) /e:/

D) /ə/

13. Which preposition indicates movement or direction?

A) To

B) From

C) Up

D) Down

14. What is the purpose of the conclusion in a narrative essay?

A) To summarize the story

B) To grab the reader's attention

C) To provide background information

D) To conclude the story

15. Which short vowel sound is represented by the letter "u" in the word "but"?

A) /ʊ/

B) /u:/

C) /ʌ/

D) /ə/

Theory Questions

1. Discuss the importance of long and short vowel contrasts in speech production.

2. Explain the difference between prepositions of location and prepositions of movement.

3. Describe the structure of a narrative essay, including the introduction, body, and conclusion.

4. What are the key elements of a reading comprehension passage? Provide examples.

5. Explain the purpose of an outline in writing a narrative essay, using the topic "The Happiest Day of My
Life" as an example.