ls - present directory
cd - change directory
pwd - present working directory (path)
cp - copy
mv - move
mkdir - create directory
cd .. - move to preceding directory
touch - create text file
$ - shows regular user
sudo - used by ADMIN or the ROOT user to do tasks for other users
ls -R - access directory within a directory(show all the folders within a
directory)
ls -a - access hidden files
touch .(filename) - create hidden file
ls -l - shows list in long format
ls -lrt - sort list from old to new
ls -r - reverse the order of the list
ls -t - sort by time modified
clear - clean the terminal
history - shows all the commands that have been given
echo _ print the terminal
printf
apt - install softwares
chmod - change file mode
ps - current processes running
ps -a - background processes
top - all the processes
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VI EDITOR COMMANDS
VI EDITOR is a text editor used by all linux programs, which is very
powerful
(alot of resources) ,yet little tricky to learn.
There are two types of operations in the VI editor:-
1. COMMAND OPERATIONS : All the operations that are performed in the
editor (except text manipulation)
is done by the command operations. Eg. -
moving cursor across file
- saving the file
- delete
- cut/copy/paste, etc.
2. INSERT OPERATIONS : All the text manipulation is done by the insert
command, in simple terms
all the text related stuff , comes under the
insert command.
* We use 'HJKL' to move cursor through keyboard
H - left
J - up
K - down
L - right
* To enter the INSERT MODE or, in simple terms to start writing in (vi)
we first press "i" button from the keyboard ,which enables the INSERT
MODE,
then start writing what we want.
* To go to the LAST LINE MODE , first press "esc" button then press the
":" button
* To SAVE a file , first go to the command mode, then type "wq" (means
write quit)
hit the enter button
* To COPY a line , first go to the line that you want to copy , then
press the "y"
button twice, then go the destination where you want to paste the
copied file ,
then press the "p" button.
* To DELETE a line , first go to the line that you want to delete , then
press the "d"
button twice.
* To SEARCH a word , go to the command mode then type "%s/(word)" , hit
enter.
* To SEARCH and REPLACE , again go to the command mode and type
"%s/(search_word)/(replace_word)"
, hit enter.
* To EXIT from (vi) , go to the command mode, then type ":q" [ you can
also exit from the
vi editor( without saving changes ) by just typing ":q!" ]
