INDUSTRIES & MARKETS

Pulses in India
 Table of Contents

01 Global pulses market Import value of pulses into India FY 2011-2022 20

Volume of pulses import to India FY 2023, by leading country 21
Volume of pulses produced worldwide 2010-2021 03
Export value of pulses from India FY 2019- FY 2023 22
Global harvested area of lentils 2021, by leading country 04
Export value of pulses from India FY 2023, by destination 23
Volume of chickpeas produced worldwide 2021, by country 05

05 Consumption
02 Domestic overview
Daily availability of pulses per capita in India FY 2011-2022 25
Area of cultivation for pulses in India FY 2014-2022 07
Net availability of pulses per capita in India FY 2015-2022 26
Annual yield of pulses in India FY 2014-2022 08
Wholesale Price Index of pulses in India FY 2013-2023 27
Area harvested for lentils in India 2012-2021 09
CPI of pulses and its products in India 2022-2023 28
Production share of Rabi pulses India FY 2017-2021, by state 10
Minimum support price for pulses in India FY 2024, by type 29
Share of Kharif pulses cultivation area in India FY 2018-2021, by state 11

03 Production
Production of pulses in India FY 2002-2023 13
Estimated production volume of pulses in India FY 2023, by type 14
Production volume of tur during Kharif India FY 2010-2023 15
Production volume of lentils during Rabi India FY 2010-2023 16
Production volume of moong India FY 2010-2023 17
Production volume of urad India FY 2010-2023 18

04 Trade

1
CHAPTER 01

Global pulses market

 Production volume of pulses worldwide from 2010 to 2021 (in million
metric tons)
Volume of pulses produced worldwide 2010-2021

100 94.82
90.61 90.1 88.97
90 84.43
83.94
78.66 77.01 76.78
80 74.53
71.53 69.84
Volume in million metric tons

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

3 Description: This statistic shows the production volume of pulses worldwide from 2010 to 2021. In 2021, approximately 88.97 million metric tons of pulses were produced worldwide, a decrease of just about one million metric tons from 2020. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2010 to 2021; Data accessed on January 19, 2023
Source(s): FAO
 Harvested area of lentils worldwide in 2021, by leading country (in
thousand hectares)*
Global harvested area of lentils 2021, by leading country

Area harvested in thousand hectares

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000

India 1,724.23

Canada 1,716

Australia 500.87

Turkey 296.55

United States 222.17

Nepal 202.42

Russia Federation 161.31

Bangladesh 145.97

Iran (Islamic Republic of) 132.74

Syrian Arab Republic 110.82

4 Description: This statistic illustrates the harvested land area of lentils worldwide in 2021, by leading country. In 2021, the harvested land area of lentils in Canada amounted to about 1.7 million hectares. India also harvested more than 1.7 million hectares of lentils in
2021. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2021; Data was accessed on January 23, 2023; * FAO estimate. Figures are rounded. Read more
Source(s): FAO
 Production volume of chickpeas worldwide in 2021, by country (in 1,000
metric tons)
Volume of chickpeas produced worldwide 2021, by country

Volume in thousand metric tons

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000

India 11,910

Australia 876.47

Ethiopia 478.21

Turkey 475

Myanmar 467.34

Russia 316.84

Pakistan 233.93

Mexico 171.97

Iran 168.14

United States 129.77

5 Description: Over the last several years, India has been the top producer of chickpeas, also known as garbanzo beans, worldwide. In 2021, the production volume of chickpeas in India amounted to almos 12 million metric tons. Australia came in second at an
estimated 876.5 thousand metric tons of chickpeas. In that year around 15.97 million metric tons of chickpeas were produced worldwide. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2021; Data accessed January 19, 2023
Source(s): FAO
CHAPTER 02

Domestic overview
 Total area of cultivation for pulses across India from financial year 2014 to
2021, with an estimate for 2022 (in million hectares)
Area of cultivation for pulses in India FY 2014-2022

35
31
29.4 29.8 29.2
30 28.8
28

25.2 24.9
25 23.6
Area in million hectares

20

15

10

0
FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022*

7 Description: At the end of fiscal year 2022, India had approximately 31 million hectares of land area for cultivation of pulses. This area had witnessed a slight increase from the previous financial year. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2014 to FY 2021; *Fourth advance estimates. The figure includes tur, urad, moong, gram, lentils and other pulses. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2016 started in April 2015 and ended in [...] Read more
Source(s): DES (India)
 Annual yield of pulses in India from financial year 2014 to 2021, with an
estimate for 2022 (in kilograms per hectare)
Annual yield of pulses in India FY 2014-2022

1,000
885 892
900 853
823
786
800 764 757
728
Yield in kilograms per hectare

700 656

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022*

8 Description: At the end of fiscal year 2022, the yield of pulses produced in India was over 892 kilograms per hectare. This was an increase from the previous fiscal year. However, to fulfil its requirements in fiscal year 2022, India had to further import pulses worth over
160 billion Indian rupees due to the fall in yield. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2014 to FY 2021; *Fourth advance estimates. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2017 started in April 2016 and ended in March 2017. Read more
Source(s): DES (India)
 Area harvested for production of lentils across India from 2012 to 2021 (in
1,000 hectares)
Area harvested for lentils in India 2012-2021

2,000

1,800

1,600
Area in thousand hectares

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

9 Description: The total area harvested for lentils production across India in 2021 was about 1.7 million hectares. This was a slight increase compared to the previous year when the area harvested for lentils was nearly 1.35 million hectares. Read more
Note(s): India; 2012 to 2021
Source(s): FAO
 Production share of Rabi pulses across India between financial year 2017
and 2021, by state
Production share of Rabi pulses India FY 2017-2021, by state

Pulses production share

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Madhya Pradesh 30%

Rajasthan 14%

Maharashtra 13%

Uttar Pradesh 12%

Others 9%

Andhra Pradesh 6%

Karnataka 4%

Gujarat 4%

Chhattisgarh 3%

Tamil Nadu 2%

Bihar 2%

10 Description: Madhya Pradesh was the largest producer of Rabi pulses at about 30 percent between financial years 2017 and 2021 compared to other Indian states. Rajasthan raked second during the same time period across the country at about 14 percent. Read
more
Note(s): India; FY 2017 to FY 2021; fourth advance estimate.
Source(s): DES (India); Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India) (Directorate of Pulses Development)
 Distribution of Kharif pulses cultivation area across India between financial
year 2018 and 2021, by state
Share of Kharif pulses cultivation area in India FY 2018-2021, by state

Share of area
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Rajasthan 28%

Madhya Pradesh 16%

Maharashtra 15%

Karnataka 14%

Others 8%

Uttar Pradesh 6%

Gujarat 4%

Jharkhand 3%

Telengana 3%

Odisha 3%

11 Description: Rajasthan had the largest area for cultivation of Kharif pulses at about 28 percent between financial years 2017 and 2021 compared to other Indian states. Madhya Pradesh ranked second during the same measured time period. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2017 to FY 2021
Source(s): Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India) (Directorate of Pulses Development)
CHAPTER 03

Production
 Total production of pulses in India from financial year 2002 to 2022, with
an estimate for 2023 (in million metric tons)
Production of pulses in India FY 2002-2023

30

25
Production in million metric tons

20

15

10

0
FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023*

13 Description: The production of pulses such as tur, urad and other lentils across India was estimated to be around 28 million metric tons in financial year 2023. This was an overall significant increase in production from the financial year 2002 across the south Asian
country. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2002 to FY 2022; *Second advance estimate. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2012 started in April 2011 and ended in March 2012. Read more
Source(s): Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
 Estimated production volume of pulses in India for financial year 2023, by
type (in million metric tons)
Estimated production volume of pulses in India FY 2023, by type

Production volume in million metric tons

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Gram 13.63

Tur 3.67

Moong 3.55

Urad 2.68

Lentil 1.6

14 Description: The second advance estimates of the production volume of the pulse Gram amounted to around four million metric tons in the financial year 2023. Meanwhile, tur had around four million metric tons produced the same year. Gram was the highest
produced pulse in India during that time. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2023
Source(s): DES (India); Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
 Production volume of tur during Kharif season in India from financial year
2010 to 2022, with an estimate for 2023 (in million metric tons)
Production volume of tur during Kharif India FY 2010-2023

6.0

5.0 4.87
Production volume in million metric tons

4.29 4.32 4.22

3.89
4.0 3.66
3.32
3.17
3.02
3.0 2.86 2.81
2.65 2.56
2.46

2.0

1.0

0.0
FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023*

15 Description: India's estimated production volume of tur was around four million metric tons in financial year 2023, a decrease from the previous fiscal year. Tur or tuvar dal is an essential source of plant protein consumed in the south Asian country. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2010 to FY 2022; *Second advance estimate. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2017 started in April 2016 and ended in March 2017. Read more
Source(s): DES (India); Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
 Production volume of lentils during Rabi season in India from financial
year 2010 to 2022, with estimates until 2023 (in million metric tons)
Production volume of lentils during Rabi India FY 2010-2023

1.8
1.62 1.6
1.6
1.49
Production volume in million metric tons

1.4
1.27
1.22 1.23
1.2 1.13 1.1
1.03 1.06 1.04
1.02
0.98
1.0 0.94

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0
FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023*

16 Description: In financial year 2023, India was estimated to produce over 1.6 million metric tons of lentils during the rabi season. An increase in the production volume of the lentils was seen from financial year 2022. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2010 to FY 2022; *Second advance estimates India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2017 started in April 2016 and ended in March 2017. Read more
Source(s): DES (India); Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
 Production volume of moong in India from financial year 2010 to 2022,
with an estimate for 2023 (in million metric tons)
Production volume of moong India FY 2010-2023

4.0
3.55
3.5
3.17
Production volume in million metric tons

3.09
3.0

2.46 2.51
2.5
2.17
2.02
2.0 1.8
1.63 1.61 1.59
1.5
1.5
1.19

1.0
0.69

0.5

0.0
FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023*

17 Description: In financial year 2023, India's estimated production volume of moong was over three million metric tons. Despite many fluctuations, the production volume for this food-grain has recently been on an upward trend. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2010 to FY 2022; *Second advance estimate. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2017 started in April 2016 and ended in March 2017. Read more
Source(s): DES (India); Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
 Production volume of urad in India from financial year 2010 to 2022, with
an estimate for 2023 (in million metric tons)
Production volume of urad India FY 2010-2023

4.0

3.49
3.5
Production volume in million metric tons

3.06
3.0 2.83 2.78
2.68

2.5
2.23
2.08
1.97 1.96 1.95
2.0 1.77
1.76 1.7

1.5
1.24

1.0

0.5

0.0
FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023*

18 Description: In financial year 2023, the estimated production volume of urad was over 2.6 million metric tons in the south Asian country of India. The production volume had decreased considerably from financial year 2018, and the most recent estimates show an
increase. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2010 to FY 2022; *Second advance estimate. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2017 started in April 2016 and ended in March 2017. Read more
Source(s): DES (India); Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
CHAPTER 04

Trade
 Value of pulses imported into India from financial year 2011 to 2022 (in
billion Indian rupees)
Import value of pulses into India FY 2011-2022

300 285.2

256.2
250
Import value in billion Indian rupees

200 187.5
170.63 166.28

150 133.45
119.38
110.37
102.21
94.48
100
75.12 80.35

50

0
FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022*

20 Description: India imported pulses worth over 166 billion Indian rupees in financial year 2022, an increase from the previous financial year. This was a considerable drop in import value of pulses from fiscal year 2015 in the country. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2011 to FY 2022; *Provisional data ndia's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2017 started in April 2016 and ended in March 2017. One Indian rupee is equal to 0.012 U.S. dollars and 0.013 euros (as of [...] Read more
Source(s): DGCI&S; Reserve Bank of India
 Volume of pulses import into India in financial year 2023, by leading origin
country (in 1,000 metric tons)
Volume of pulses import to India FY 2023, by leading country

Volume in thousand metric tons

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Myanmar 757.66

Canada 485.49

Mozambique 465.64

Australia 362.07

Tanzania 168.96

Brazil 64.27

Malawi 61.91

Sudan 50.98

Ethopia 16.99

United Arab Emirates 16.78

21 Description: Myanmar was the largest importer of pulses to India in financial year 2023, with an import quantity of 757 thousand metric tons. Canada being the second-largest importer of pulses, imported about 485 thousand metric tons of pulses to India. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2023
Source(s): APEDA; UN Comtrade; United Nations
 Export volume of pulses from India in financial year 2019 to 2023 (in
million U.S. dollars)
Export value of pulses from India FY 2019- FY 2023

800

700 672

600
Value in million U.S. dollars

500

400 380

284
300 263
215
200

100

0
FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023

22 Description: India exported pulses amounting to a value of over 672 million U.S. dollars in financial year 2023. The demand for pulse exports increased by 17 percent that year compared to the fiscal year 2022. This significant increase could be attributed to the rising
vegan and vegetarian cuisine worldwide, in cognizance with India's variety of pulses. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2019 to FY 2023
Source(s): APEDA; DGCI&S
 Export value of pulses from India in financial year 2023, by destination (in
billion Indian rupees)
Export value of pulses from India FY 2023, by destination

Value in billion Indian rupees

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Bangladesh 12.32

China 9.5

United Arab Emirates 8.16

United States 4.22

Nepal 2.52

Others 17.22

23 Description: India exported pulses worth nearly 54 billion Indian rupees in financial year 2023. That year, Bangladesh was the destination that accounted for the highest share of pulses exports at over 12 billion rupees. The top five destinations made up over 68
percent of all pulse export value that year. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2023
Source(s): APEDA; DGCI&S
CHAPTER 05

Consumption
 Daily availability of pulses per capita across India from financial year 2011
to 2021, with an estimate for 2022 (in grams)
Daily availability of pulses per capita in India FY 2011-2022

60
54.7 53.8
51.3
50
46.4
43.8 43.8 44.5
43 43.3 43 42.6
41.6
40
Availability in grams

30

20

10

0
FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022*

25 Description: In financial year 2022, about 53 grams of pulses was available per capita daily in India. This was an increase compared to the previous year. Rice and wheat had a higher per capita daily availability and had a higher consumption rate among food grains
during the measured time period. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2011 to FY 2022; *Fourth advance estimate. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2018 started in April 2017 and ended in March 2018. Read more
Source(s): Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India) (Directorate of Pulses Development); Union Budget (India)
 Net availability of pulses per capita across India from financial year 2015
to 2021, with an estimate for 2022 (in kilograms per year)
Net availability of pulses per capita in India FY 2015-2022

25

20 19.6
20 18.7
Availability in kilograms per year

16 16 16.3
15.7 15.5
15

10

0
FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022*

26 Description: In financial year 2022, about 19 kilograms per year of pulses was available per capita in India. There was a consistent decrease in the amount of pulses available over the years from 2017. Nonetheless, this variety of food grain accounted for the least in
terms of availability when compared to rice, wheat and other cereals. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2015 to FY 2022; *Fourth advanced estimate. India's financial year begins in April and ends in March. For example, FY 2018 started in April 2017 and ended in March 2018. Read more
Source(s): Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India); Union Budget (India)
 Wholesale Price Index of pulses across India from financial year 2013 to
2023
Wholesale Price Index of pulses in India FY 2013-2023

205
192.8
195

185
176 177.1
175
Wholesale Price Index

164 164.7
165

155
147.6
145 140.5

135
127.3
125 120 121.7
114.9
115

105
FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023

27 Description: The Wholesale Price Index of pulses across India during financial year 2023 was just over 177. An overall increase in the price index of pulses was seen over the years from financial year 2013 in the country. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2013 to FY 2023; base year FY 2012 = 100
Source(s): OEA (India)
 Consumer Price Index (CPI) of pulses and its products across urban and
rural India from March 2022 to March 2023
CPI of pulses and its products in India 2022-2023

Rural Urban All India

174.5

172.5
Consumer Price Index

170.5

168.5

166.5

164.5

162.5
March 2022 April 2022 May 2022 June 2022 July 2022 August September October November December January February March 2023
2022 2022 2022 2022 2022 2023 2023*

28 Description: In March 2023, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for pulses and its products across rural areas in the south Asian country of India was 170.5. This meant that the price had increased by approximately 70 percent since 2012. The CPI measures the change in
consumer prices of goods and services purchased by households across India over time. Read more
Note(s): India; March 2022 to March 2023; Base year 2012 = 100; *Provisional. Read more
Source(s): MOSPI
 Minimum support price for pulses in India in financial year 2024, by type
(in Indian rupees per quintal)
Minimum support price for pulses in India FY 2024, by type

9,000 8,558

8,000
7,000 6,950
7,000
Price in Indian rupees per quintal

6,425

6,000
5,440

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0
Moong Tur Urad Masur (lentil) Gram

29 Description: In financial year 2024, the minimum support price of moong was the highest among pulses, while gram had the lowest support prices that same year. MSP is a market intervention and farmer income scheme by the Indian government. The effectiveness
of MSP, however, varies depending on the region largely due to the lack of farmer awareness. Read more
Note(s): India; FY 2024
Source(s): DES (India) (farmer.gov.in)
 Sources

APEDA
DES (India)
DES (India) (farmer.gov.in)
DGCI&S
FAO
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India)
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (India) (Directorate of Pulses Development)
MOSPI
OEA (India)
Reserve Bank of India
UN Comtrade
Union Budget (India)
United Nations

30