List of current heads of state and

government

This is a list of current heads of state and heads of government. In some cases, mainly in
presidential systems, one leader is head of state and head of government. In other cases,
mainly in semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of state and the head of
government are different people. In semi-presidential and parliamentary systems, the head of
government role (i.e. executive branch) is fulfilled by the listed head of government and the
head of state.

In one-party states, the ruling party's leader (i.e. General Secretary) is usually the de facto top
leader of the state, though sometimes this leader also holds the presidency or premiership. In
some countries like Andorra and Vatican City (Holy See), a clergy member also acts as the
head of state for both countries (Bishop of Urgell as Co-Prince of Andorra and the Pope) and
head of government for the latter (President of the Governorate of Vatican City State).

The list includes the names of recently elected or appointed heads of state and government
who will take office on an appointed date, as presidents-elect and prime ministers-designate,
and those leading a government in exile if internationally recognised.

Member and observer states of the United Nations

Colour key
Green cells indicate leaders whose offices constitutionally administer the executive of their
respective state/government.
Blue cells indicate de facto executive branch leaders whose offices lack de jure constitutional power.

Note: Names in small font generally denote acting, interim, transitional, temporary leaders, or
representatives. Other notes and exceptions are provided at § Notes.
 State Head of state Head of government

Supreme Leader – Hibatullah

Afghanistan Acting Prime Minister – Hasan Akhund
Akhundzada

Albania President – Bajram Begaj Prime Minister – Edi Rama

Algeria President – Abdelmadjid Tebboune Prime Minister – Nadir Larbaoui

Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives i

Sicília
Co-Prince's Representative – Josep Maria
Prime Minister – Xavier Espot
Andorra Mauri
Zamora
French Co-Prince – Emmanuel
[α]
Macron
Co-Prince's Representative – Patrick Strzoda

Angola President – João Lourenço

King – Charles III[β]

Antigua and Barbuda Prime Minister – Gaston Browne
Governor-General – Sir Rodney Williams

Argentina President – Javier Milei

Armenia President – Vahagn Khachaturyan Prime Minister – Nikol Pashinyan

King – Charles III[β]

Australia Prime Minister – Anthony Albanese
Governor-General – Sam Mostyn

Austria President – Alexander Van der Bellen Chancellor – Karl Nehammer

Azerbaijan President – Ilham Aliyev Prime Minister – Ali Asadov

[β]
King – Charles III
Bahamas, The Prime Minister – Philip Davis
Governor-General – Dame Cynthia A. Pratt

Prime Minister – Prince Salman bin

Bahrain King – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Hamad Al Khalifa

Bangladesh President – Mohammed Shahabuddin Chief Adviser – Muhammad Yunus

Barbados President – Dame Sandra Mason Prime Minister – Mia Mottley

[1]
Chairman of the All-Belarusian People's Assembly – Alexander Lukashenko
Belarus
Prime Minister – Roman
President – Alexander Lukashenko[γ]
Golovchenko

Belgium King – Philippe Prime Minister – Alexander De Croo

[β]
King – Charles III
Belize Prime Minister – Johnny Briceño
Governor-General – Dame Froyla Tzalam

Benin President – Patrice Talon

King – Jigme Khesar Namgyel

Bhutan Prime Minister – Tshering Tobgay
Wangchuck

Bolivia President – Luis Arce

Bosnia and Herzegovina [δ]

High Representative – Christian Schmidt
 State Head of state Head of government

[ε]
Presidency
Chairwoman of the Council of
Members: Denis Bećirović (Chairman) · Željka Ministers – Borjana Krišto
Cvijanović · Željko Komšić

Botswana President – Mokgweetsi Masisi

Brazil President – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

Brunei Sultan and Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah

Bulgaria President – Rumen Radev Acting Prime Minister – Dimitar Glavchev

President of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration – Ibrahim Traoré
Burkina Faso
Interim President – Ibrahim Traoré Interim Prime Minister – Apollinaire Kyélem

Prime Minister – Gervais

Burundi President – Évariste Ndayishimiye[γ]
Ndirakobuca

President of the People's Party – Hun Sen[2]

Cambodia
King – Norodom Sihamoni Prime Minister – Hun Manet

Cameroon President – Paul Biya[γ] Prime Minister – Joseph Ngute

[β]
King – Charles III
Canada Prime Minister – Justin Trudeau
Governor General – Mary Simon

Prime Minister – Ulisses Correia e

Cape Verde President – José Maria Neves
Silva

President – Faustin-Archange
Central African Republic [γ] Prime Minister – Félix Moloua
Touadéra

Chad President – Mahamat Déby Prime Minister – Allamaye Halina

Chile President – Gabriel Boric

General Secretary of the Communist Party – Xi Jinping

China
President – Xi Jinping Premier – Li Qiang

Colombia President – Gustavo Petro

Comoros President – Azali Assoumani

Congo, Democratic Republic of

President – Félix Tshisekedi Prime Minister – Judith Suminwa
the

Prime Minister – Anatole Collinet

Congo, Republic of the President – Denis Sassou Nguesso
Makosso

Costa Rica President – Rodrigo Chaves Robles

Croatia President – Zoran Milanović Prime Minister – Andrej Plenković

First Secretary of the Communist Party – Miguel Díaz-Canel

Cuba Prime Minister – Manuel Marrero

President – Miguel Díaz-Canel
Cruz
 State Head of state Head of government

Cyprus President – Nikos Christodoulides

Czech Republic President – Petr Pavel Prime Minister – Petr Fiala

Denmark King – Frederik X Prime Minister – Mette Frederiksen

[γ] Prime Minister – Abdoulkader Kamil

Djibouti President – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
Mohamed

Dominica President – Sylvanie Burton Prime Minister – Roosevelt Skerrit

Dominican Republic President – Luis Abinader

East Timor President – José Ramos-Horta Prime Minister – Xanana Gusmão

Ecuador President – Daniel Noboa

Egypt President – Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Prime Minister – Mostafa Madbouly

El Salvador President – Nayib Bukele

President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Prime Minister – Manuel Osa Nsue

Equatorial Guinea [γ]
Mbasogo Nsua

Eritrea President – Isaias Afwerki

Estonia President – Alar Karis Prime Minister – Kristen Michal

Ngwenyama – Mswati III

Eswatini Prime Minister – Russell Dlamini
Ndlovukati – Ntfombi

Ethiopia President – Sahle-Work Zewde Prime Minister – Abiy Ahmed

Fiji President – Ratu Wiliame Katonivere Prime Minister – Sitiveni Rabuka

Finland President – Alexander Stubb Prime Minister – Petteri Orpo

[α] [3]
France President – Emmanuel Macron Prime Minister – Michel Barnier

Chairman of the Committee for the Transition and Restoration of Institutions – Brice Oligui
Nguema
Gabon
[4] Interim Prime Minister – Raymond Ndong
Transitional President – Brice Oligui Nguema
Sima

Gambia, The President – Adama Barrow

Georgia President – Salome Zourabichvili Prime Minister – Irakli Kobakhidze

Germany President – Frank-Walter Steinmeier Chancellor – Olaf Scholz

Ghana President – Nana Akufo-Addo

Greece President – Katerina Sakellaropoulou Prime Minister – Kyriakos Mitsotakis

[β]
King – Charles III
Grenada Prime Minister – Dickon Mitchell
Governor-General – Dame Cécile La Grenade

Guatemala President – Bernardo Arévalo

Guinea Chairman of the National Committee of Reconciliation and Development – Mamady

Doumbouya
 State Head of state Head of government

Interim President – Mamady Doumbouya Prime Minister – Bah Oury

Prime Minister – Rui Duarte de

Guinea-Bissau President – Umaro Sissoco Embaló
Barros

Guyana President – Irfaan Ali[γ] Prime Minister – Mark Phillips

President – Transitional Presidential Council[ζ]

Edgard Leblanc Fils (President)

Haiti Other members: Acting Prime Minister – Garry Conille

Fritz Jean · Laurent Saint-Cyr · Emmanuel
Vertilaire · Smith Augustin · Leslie Voltaire ·
Louis Gérald Gilles · Frinel Joseph (observer) ·
Régine Abraham (observer)

Honduras President – Xiomara Castro

Hungary President – Tamás Sulyok Prime Minister – Viktor Orbán

Iceland President – Halla Tómasdóttir Prime Minister – Bjarni Benediktsson

India President – Droupadi Murmu Prime Minister – Narendra Modi

President – Joko Widodo

Indonesia
President-elect – Prabowo Subianto

[η]
Iran Supreme Leader – Ali Khamenei President – Masoud Pezeshkian

Prime Minister – Mohammed Shia' Al

Iraq President – Abdul Latif Rashid
Sudani

Ireland President – Michael D. Higgins Taoiseach – Simon Harris

Prime Minister – Benjamin

Israel President – Isaac Herzog
Netanyahu

Italy President – Sergio Mattarella Prime Minister – Giorgia Meloni

[γ] Prime Minister – Robert Beugré

Ivory Coast President – Alassane Ouattara
Mambé

King – Charles III[β]

Jamaica Prime Minister – Andrew Holness
Governor-General – Sir Patrick Allen

Japan Emperor – Naruhito[θ] Prime Minister – Shigeru Ishiba

Jordan King – Abdullah II Prime Minister – Jafar Hassan

Kazakhstan President – Kassym-Jomart Tokayev Prime Minister – Oljas Bektenov

Kenya President – William Ruto

Kiribati President – Taneti Maamau

Emir – Sheikh Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Prime Minister – Ahmad Al-Abdullah

Kuwait
Al-Sabah Al-Sabah
 State Head of state Head of government

[γ] Chairman of the Cabinet of

Kyrgyzstan President – Sadyr Japarov
Ministers – Akylbek Japarov

General Secretary of the People's Revolutionary Party – Thongloun Sisoulith

Laos
Prime Minister – Sonexay
President – Thongloun Sisoulith
Siphandone

Latvia President – Edgars Rinkēvičs Prime Minister – Evika Siliņa

Lebanon President – Vacant Prime Minister – Najib Mikati

Lesotho King – Letsie III Prime Minister – Sam Matekane

Liberia President – Joseph Boakai

Chairman of the Presidential Council – Prime Minister – Abdul Hamid

Libya
Mohamed al-Menfi Dbeibeh

Prince Regnant – Hans-Adam II

Liechtenstein Prime Minister – Daniel Risch
Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois

Lithuania President – Gitanas Nausėda Prime Minister – Ingrida Šimonytė

Grand Duke – Henri

Luxembourg Lieutenant-representative-designate – Prime Minister – Luc Frieden
Guillaume

Madagascar President – Andry Rajoelina Prime Minister – Christian Ntsay

Malawi President – Lazarus Chakwera

Yang di-Pertuan Agong – Ibrahim

Malaysia Prime Minister – Anwar Ibrahim
Iskandar

Maldives President – Mohamed Muizzu

[γ] Interim Prime Minister – Choguel Kokalla

Mali Interim President – Assimi Goïta
Maïga

Malta President – Myriam Spiteri Debono Prime Minister – Robert Abela

Marshall Islands President – Hilda Heine

Mauritania President – Mohamed Ould Ghazouani Prime Minister – Mokhtar Ould Djay

Mauritius President – Prithvirajsing Roopun Prime Minister – Pravind Jugnauth

Mexico President – Claudia Sheinbaum

Federated States of Micronesia President – Wesley Simina

Moldova President – Maia Sandu Prime Minister – Dorin Recean

Monaco Sovereign Prince – Albert II Minister of State – Didier Guillaume

Prime Minister – Luvsannamsrain

Mongolia President – Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
Oyun-Erdene

Montenegro President – Jakov Milatović Prime Minister – Milojko Spajić

Morocco King – Mohammed VI Prime Minister – Aziz Akhannouch

 State Head of state Head of government

[γ]
Mozambique President – Filipe Nyusi Prime Minister – Adriano Maleiane

Chairman of the State Administration Council – Min Aung Hlaing

Myanmar
Acting President – Min Aung Hlaing Prime Minister – Min Aung Hlaing

Namibia President – Nangolo Mbumba[γ] Prime Minister – Saara Kuugongelwa

Nauru President – David Adeang

Nepal President – Ram Chandra Poudel Prime Minister – KP Sharma Oli

Netherlands King – Willem-Alexander Prime Minister – Dick Schoof

King – Charles III[β]

New Zealand Prime Minister – Christopher Luxon
Governor-General – Dame Cindy Kiro[ι]

Nicaragua President – Daniel Ortega

President of the National Council for the

Niger Safeguard of the Homeland – Abdourahamane Prime Minister – Ali Lamine Zeine[9]
Tchiani

Nigeria President – Bola Tinubu

General Secretary of the Workers' Party – Kim Jong Un

North Korea
President of the State Affairs
Premier – Kim Tok Hun
Commission – Kim Jong Un

President – Gordana Siljanovska-

North Macedonia Prime Minister – Hristijan Mickoski
Davkova

Norway King – Harald V Prime Minister – Jonas Gahr Støre

Oman Sultan and Prime Minister – Haitham bin Tariq

Pakistan President – Asif Ali Zardari Prime Minister – Shehbaz Sharif

Palau President – Surangel Whipps Jr.

Prime Minister – Mohammad

Palestine President – Mahmoud Abbas
Mustafa

Panama President – José Raúl Mulino

[β]
King – Charles III
Papua New Guinea Prime Minister – James Marape
Governor-General – Sir Bob Dadae

Paraguay President – Santiago Peña

[γ]
Peru President – Dina Boluarte Prime Minister – Gustavo Adrianzén

Philippines President – Bongbong Marcos

Poland President – Andrzej Duda Prime Minister – Donald Tusk

Portugal President – Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa Prime Minister – Luís Montenegro

Emir – Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed

Qatar
Thani bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani
 State Head of state Head of government

Romania President – Klaus Iohannis Prime Minister – Marcel Ciolacu

Russia President – Vladimir Putin Prime Minister – Mikhail Mishustin

Rwanda President – Paul Kagame Prime Minister – Édouard Ngirente

[β]
King – Charles III
Saint Kitts and Nevis Prime Minister – Terrance Drew
Governor-General – Dame Marcella Liburd

King – Charles III[β]

Saint Lucia Prime Minister – Philip J. Pierre
Acting Governor-General – Errol Charles

Saint Vincent and the King – Charles III[β]

Prime Minister – Ralph Gonsalves
Grenadines Governor-General – Dame Susan Dougan

O le Ao o le Malo – Afioga Prime Minister – Fiamē Naomi

Samoa
Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II Mataʻafa

Captain Regent[κ] – Francesca Civerchia

Secretary for Foreign and Political
San Marino
[κ] Affairs – Luca Beccari
Captain Regent – Dalibor Riccardi

São Tomé and Príncipe President – Carlos Vila Nova Prime Minister – Patrice Trovoada

Prime Minister – Mohammed bin

Saudi Arabia King – Salman
Salman

Senegal President – Bassirou Diomaye Faye Prime Minister – Ousmane Sonko

Serbia President – Aleksandar Vučić Prime Minister – Miloš Vučević

Seychelles President – Wavel Ramkalawan

Chief Minister – David Moinina

Sierra Leone President – Julius Maada Bio[γ]
Sengeh

Singapore President – Tharman Shanmugaratnam Prime Minister – Lawrence Wong

Slovakia President – Peter Pellegrini Prime Minister – Robert Fico

Slovenia President – Nataša Pirc Musar Prime Minister – Robert Golob

[β]
King – Charles III
Solomon Islands Prime Minister – Jeremiah Manele
Governor-General – David Tiva Kapu

Somalia President – Hassan Sheikh Mohamud Prime Minister – Hamza Abdi Barre

South Africa President – Cyril Ramaphosa

South Korea President – Yoon Suk-yeol[γ]

South Sudan President – Salva Kiir Mayardit

Spain King – Felipe VI Prime Minister – Pedro Sánchez

President – Anura Kumara

Sri Lanka Prime Minister – Harini Amarasuriya
Dissanayake[γ]

Sudan Transitional Sovereignty Council[λ] Acting Prime Minister – Osman Hussein

Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (Chairman)

 State Head of state Head of government

Other members:[13][14]
Malik Agar (Deputy Chairman) · Shams al-Din
Khabbashi · Yasser al-Atta · Ibrahim Jabir
Karim · El Hadi Idris Yahya · El Tahrir Abubakr
Hajar · Raja Nicola · Abdulgasim Bortom ·
Yousef Jad Karim · Abdelbagi al-Zubeir · Salma
Abdeljabbar

Suriname President – Chan Santokhi

Sweden King – Carl XVI Gustaf Prime Minister – Ulf Kristersson

Federal Council[μ]
Switzerland
Members: Viola Amherd (President) · Karin Keller-Sutter (Vice President) · Guy Parmelin ·
Ignazio Cassis · Albert Rösti · Élisabeth Baume-Schneider · Beat Jans

Prime Minister – Mohammad Ghazi

Syria President – Bashar al-Assad[γ]
al-Jalali

[γ]
Tajikistan President – Emomali Rahmon Prime Minister – Kokhir Rasulzoda

Tanzania President – Samia Suluhu Hassan[γ] Prime Minister – Kassim Majaliwa

Prime Minister – Paetongtarn

Thailand King – Maha Vajiralongkorn
Shinawatra

[γ] Prime Minister – Victoire Tomegah

Togo President – Faure Gnassingbé
Dogbé

Tonga King – Tupou VI Prime Minister – Siaosi Sovaleni

Trinidad and Tobago President – Christine Kangaloo Prime Minister – Keith Rowley

Tunisia President – Kaïs Saïed[γ] Prime Minister – Kamel Madouri

Turkey President – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

Chairman of the People's Council – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow[15]

Turkmenistan
President – Serdar Berdimuhamedow

[β]
King – Charles III
Tuvalu Prime Minister – Feleti Teo
Governor-General – Sir Tofiga Vaevalu Falani

[γ]
Uganda President – Yoweri Museveni Prime Minister – Robinah Nabbanja

Ukraine President – Volodymyr Zelenskyy Prime Minister – Denys Shmyhal

President – Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed

United Arab Emirates
Al Nahyan bin Rashid Al Maktoum

United Kingdom King – Charles III[β] Prime Minister – Keir Starmer

United States President – Joe Biden

Uruguay President – Luis Lacalle Pou

[γ]
Uzbekistan President – Shavkat Mirziyoyev Prime Minister – Abdulla Aripov

Vanuatu President – Nikenike Vurobaravu Prime Minister – Charlot Salwai

 State Head of state Head of government

President of the Governorate –

Vatican City (Holy See) Sovereign – Pope Francis
Cardinal Fernando Vérgez Alzaga

Venezuela President – Nicolás Maduro

General Secretary of the Communist Party – Tô Lâm

Vietnam
President – Tô Lâm Prime Minister – Phạm Minh Chính

Chairman of the Presidential Leadership Prime Minister – Ahmad Awad bin

Yemen
Council – Rashad al-Alimi Mubarak

Zambia President – Hakainde Hichilema

Zimbabwe President – Emmerson Mnangagwa

Other states
The following states are in free association with a UN member state.

State Associated with Head of state Head of government

[ν]
King – Charles III
Cook Islands New Zealand Prime Minister – Mark Brown
King's Representative – Sir Tom Marsters

[ν]
King – Charles III
Niue New Zealand Prime Minister – Dalton Tagelagi
King's Representative – Dame Cindy Kiro[ι]

The following states control at least part of their territory and are recognised by at least one
UN member state.

State Also claimed by Head of state Head of government

President – Aslan
Abkhazia Georgia Prime Minister – Aleksander Ankvab
Bzhania

Republic of China People's Republic of President – Lai Ching-

Premier – Cho Jung-tai
(Taiwan) China te

President – Vjosa
Kosovo Serbia Prime Minister – Albin Kurti
Osmani

President – Ersin
Northern Cyprus Cyprus Prime Minister – Ünal Üstel
Tatar

General Secretary of the Polisario Front – Brahim Ghali

Sahrawi Republic Morocco
President – Brahim Prime Minister – Bouchraya
Ghali Hammoudi Bayoun

President – Alan Prime Minister – Konstantin

South Ossetia Georgia
Gagloyev Dzhussoyev

The following states control their territory, but are not recognised by any UN member states.
 State Also claimed by Head of state Head of government

Somaliland Somalia President – Muse Bihi Abdi

Transnistria Moldova President – Vadim Krasnoselsky Prime Minister – Aleksander Rozenberg

Other governments
These alternative governments control part of their territory and are recognised as legitimate
by at least one UN member state.

Government State Head of state Head of government

Leader of Ansar Allah – Abdul-Malik al-Houthi[16]

Supreme Political Council Yemen
Chairman – Mahdi al-Mashat Prime Minister – Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour

Syrian National Coalition Syria President – Hadi al-Bahra Prime Minister – Abdurrahman Mustafa

These alternative governments control part of their territory, but are not recognized as
legitimate by any UN member states.

Government State Head of state Head of government

Supreme Commander of the Libyan National Army – Khalifa Haftar

Government of
Libya
National Stability Chairman of the Presidential [17]
Acting Prime Minister – Osama Hammad
Council – Mohamed al-Menfi[ξ]

Hamas Chief in the Gaza Strip – Yahya Sinwar

Hamas
government in Gaza Palestine [ο] Head of the Government Administrative
President – Mahmoud Abbas
Committee – Essam al-Da'alis

National Unity
Acting President – Duwa Lashi La Prime Minister – Mahn Win Khaing Than
Government Myanmar

Commander-in-Chief of Tahrir al-Sham – Abu Mohammad al-Julani[18]

Syrian Salvation
Syria
Government President of the General Shura
Prime Minister – Ali Keda
Council – Mustafa al-Mousa

These alternative governments do not control their territory but are recognized as legitimate
by at least one UN member state.
 Government State Head of state Head of government

Coordination Council Belarus President and Head of the Cabinet – Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya

[19]
National Assembly (2015) Venezuela President of the National Assembly – Dinorah Figuera

Sui generis entities

Entity Head of entity Head of government

President of the European Council – President of the European Commission –

European Union
Charles Michel[20] Ursula von der Leyen[21]

Sovereign Military Grand Chancellor – Riccardo Paternò di

Prince and Grand Master – John T. Dunlap
Order of Malta Montecupo

See also
President of the Republic
List of countries by system of government
List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office
List of current monarchs of sovereign states
List of current vice presidents and designated acting presidents
List of current interior ministers
List of current foreign ministers
List of current finance ministers
List of current defence ministers
List of current legislatures
List of current presidents of legislatures
List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government
List of leaders of dependent territories
List of oldest living state leaders
List of national governments
Lists of state leaders
Lists of state leaders by century
List of state leaders in the 21st century
List of state leaders in 2024

Notes
α. The President of France and the French Co-Prince of Andorra are positions held by the same
person.