Sabiul Islam Rashed

1.What is Software
Development Life Cycle ?

SDLC is the overall process of

developing information systems
through a multistep process from
investigation of initial
requirements through analysis,
planning, design, coding, testing,
implementation and maintenance.
2.What are the various
models of SDLC?

 Waterfall Model (Linear

Sequential Model)
Prototype Model
 Rapid Application Development Model
 Spiral Model
 V - Model
3. What is Waterfall Model?

The waterfall model is a

sequential design process, in
which progress is seen as flowing
downwards (like a waterfall)
through the phases of analysis,
design, code, testing, support and
maintenance.
Waterfall Model
4. What is Spiral Model?
In Spiral Model, activities are organized into
many cycles-
 Each cycle begins with the
 Identification of objectives for that
cycle
 Different alternatives that are fo
possible achieving the objectives r
 Constraints that exist
 Different alternatives are evaluated
based on the objectives and constraints
 All the products developed during this
cycle are reviewed
 Further planning based on user comments is
done.
Spiral Model
 5. What is Rapid Application
Development (RAD) Model?
RAD model is a type of incremental
model. In RAD model the components or
functions are developed in parallel as if
they were mini projects.
The phases in RAD model are:
 Business modeling: The information flow is
identified between various business functions.
Data modeling: Information gathered
from business modeling is used to define
data objects that are needed for the
business.
Rapid Application Development Model

Process modeling: Descriptions are

created for adding, modifying, deleting or
retrieving a data object.
Application generation: Automated
tools are used to convert process models
into code and the actual system.
 Testing and turnover: Test new
components and all the interfaces.
Rapid Application Development Model
Team #1 Team #2 Team #3
Busines
Business s Business
modelin
modeling modeling g

Data Data Data

Modeling modeling modeling

Proces
s Process Process
Modeling modeling modeling

Applicatio Applicatio Applicatio

n n n
Modeling Modeling Modeling

Test Test
and and
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Test and turnover
6. What is V - Model?
 V- model is also called as Verification and
Validation model.
 InV Model, project development and testing
should go parallel. Verification phase should be
carried out from SDLC where validation phase
should be carried out from STLC .
 V - Model
User Manual
Requirement System Test,
Specification Acceptance
Test
SRS Tested
Software
System Design
System Integration
System Test
Design Integrated
Software
Detailed Design
Integration Test
Module
Designs Tested
Module
Coding
Unit Test
Code
7. What is Unit Testing?
 This is the first level of testing.
 It involves checking that each
feature specified in the ‘Component
Design’ has been implemented in the
component.

add(x=6,y=8){
Int x
Int y
Result =x+y
Return result
Developers do it, as they are the people
who understand how a component
works.
8. What is Integration Testing?

Tested components are linked together

to check if they work with each other
 The tests are organized to check all
the interfaces, until all the
components have been built and
interfaced to each other producing
the whole system
9. What is System Testing?

Once the entire system has been

built, it is tested against system
specification.
 System testing is not about
checking the individual parts of the
design, but about checking the
system as a whole.
10. What is Acceptance
Testing?


Checks that the system delivers what
was requested.

Acceptance Testing is a level of the
software testing where a system is
tested for acceptability.
11. What is Verification?

Verification is the process of
confirming that software meets its
specification.

It involves reviews and meetings to
evaluate documents, plans, code,
requirements and specifications.
12. What is Validation?

Validation is the process of confirming
that software meets the user’s
requirements.

Validation typically involves actual
testing and takes place after
verifications are completed.
13. What is Test Scenario?

Test scenario is prepared before the
actual testing starts.

it includes plans for testing
product, number of team members,
environmental condition, making
test cases, making test plans and all
the features that are to be tested for
the product
14. What is Test
Methodology?

Test methodology is a three step


process - creating a test
strategy,

creating a test
plan, and

executing tests.
15. What is Test Strategy?

Test strategy documents -


describes the roles, responsibilities
and the resources required for the
test and schedule.

tells us how the software product will
be tested.

helps to review the test plan with the
project team members executing tests.
16. What is Test Plan?

Test Plan is a document that

describes the scope, approach,
resources and schedules of
internal testing activities.
17. What is Requirement Test
Matrix?

is a project management tool for

tracking and managing testing efforts
based on requirements throughout
the project lifecycle.
18. What is Test Case?

Test case is a documents which

contains set of test inputs, execution
conditions, and expected output
19. What is STLC?
Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) is
the testing process, in which different
activities are carried out to improve the
quality of the product.
Steps in STLC are-
 Requirement Analysis
 Test Planning
 Test Case Development
 Environment Setup
 Test Execution
 Test Cycle Closure
Software Testing Life
Cycle(STLC)
20. What is Bug Life Cycle?

Life
Bug life cycle, also known as Defect
cycle is the journey of a defect
cycle, which a defect goes through
during its lifetime.
ends
It starts when defect is found and
when a defect is closed, after
ensuring it’s not reproduced.
21. What is Severity & Priority of a
Bug?

Severity of a bug is, impact of the

bug on the system.
Priority describes the importance
and order in which the bug should
be fixed.
22. Low Severity & High
Priority Bug?

The spelling mistakes that

happens on the cover page or heading
or title of an application.
23. High Severity & Low
Priority Bug?

application crashes after

multiple use of any functionality
(example--save Button use 200 times
then that application will crash).
24. What is Black Box Testing?

In black-box testing the tester

is concentrating on what the software
does, not how it does it. tester would
know the legal input and expected
output.
Black box testing is also
known as-Behavioral testing or
Functional testing.
25. What is White Box Testing?

White box testing is a testing

technique, that examines the program
structure and derives test data from
the program logic / code.
White box testing is also known as
-glass box testing, clear box testing,
open box testing, structural testing.
26. What is Grey Box Testing?

Grey box testing is a combination

of white box and black box texting.
Grey Box testing is testing
technique performed with limited
information about the internal
functionality of the system.
27. What is Retesting?

Retesting is testing of a
particular bug after it has been
fixed.
28. What is Regression
Testing?

Regression testing is always done

to verify that modified code does not
break existing functionality of the
application.
29. What is Smoke Testing?

Smoke testing is a cursory testing,

it is a shallow and wide approach,
whereby all areas of the application is
tested, without getting into too deep.
30. What is Sanity Testing?

Sanity testing is a narrow

regression testing that focus on one or
few areas of functionality, and is
usually narrow and deep.
31. What is Error, Fault,
Defect?

Error: a human action that produces

an incorrect result.

Fault: manifestation of an error in

software also known as a defect or
bug if executed, a fault may cause a
failure
32. What is Alpha Testing?

Alpha testing is performed by in-

house developers and software
quality assurance people.
33. What is Beta Testing?

Beta testing is conducted by the

customers in the absence of the
developer team.
34. What is Negative & Positive
Testing?

Negative Testing:- when we put in an

invalid input and receives errors.

Positive Testing:- when we put in a

valid input and expect some action to
be completed in accordance with the
specification.
35. What is Monkey Testing?

Monkey testing is a technique

where the user tests system by
providing random inputs and
checking the behavior, or seeing
whether the application or system will
crash.
 Monkey testing is usually
implemented as random, automated
unit tests.
36. What is Showstopper
Defect?

A defect that does not allow to

continue further testing is called a
showstopper defect.
37. What is Disaster Recovery
Testing?

Disaster Recovery Testing is

testing how well the system recovers
from the disasters, crashes, hardware
failures and other catastrophic
problems.
38. What is Performance
Testing?

Performance Testing is performed

to evaluate application performance
under high load and stress condition.
It is generally measured in terms
of response time for the user activity.
39. What is Load Testing?

Testing of an application under

heavy loads, such as testing of a web
site on a specific configuration under a
range of loads such as number of users,
number of transactions to determine at
what point the system's response time
degrades or fails.
40. What is Stress Testing?

Stress testing is performed as part

of performance testing.
Stress testing is, to test the system
behavior under extreme/non-normal
conditions (low system resources,
heavy load…).
 41. What is Exploratory Testing?

 Exploratory testing means testing an

application without a test plan and test
script.
In exploring testing test explore the
application on the basis on his knowledge.
The tester has no knowledge about the
application previously.
Tester explores the application like an
end user and try to use it. While using the
application his main motive is to find the
bugs which are in the application.
 42. What is Database Testing?

Database testing involves the

retrieved values from the database by
the web or desktop application.
Data in the User Interface should be
matched as per the records are stored in
the database.
 43. What is Different Black Box
Test case Design Techniques?

The different black box test case

design techniques are :
 Equivalence Class Partitioning(ECP).
 Boundary Value Analysis(BVA).()
 Decision Table.
 State Transition Testing
 Use Case Testing
 44. What are Stubs & Drivers?

 Both stubs and drivers are part of

incremental testing.
Drivers
approach
are used in bottom up testing

 While Stub is used for top down testing

approach.
 45. What are the different
types of test coverage
techniques?
Different types of test coverage techniques
are :-
 Statement Coverage: It verifies that each
line of source code has been executed and
tested.
 Decision Coverage: It ensures that every
decision in the source code is executed and
tested.
Path Coverage: It ensures that every
possible route through a given part of
code is executed and tested.
 46. What is the difference
between build and release?

Build: It is a number given to Installable

software that is given to testing team by
the development team.
Release: It is a number given to
Installable software that is handed over to
customer by the tester or developer.
 47. what is the meaning of
Code Walk Through?

Code Walk Through is the informal

analysis of the program source code to
find defects and verify coding techniques
 48. What is Agile testing and
what is the importance of Agile
testing?

Agile testing is software testing, which

involves the testing of the software from
the customer point of view.
importance of Agile testing - this
testing does not wait for development
team to complete the coding first and
then doing testing. The coding and testing
both goes simultaneously. It requires
continuous customer interaction.
 49. What is "use case testing"?

In order to identify and execute the

functional requirement of an application
from start to finish "use case" is used
and the techniques used to do this is
known as "Use Case Testing"
50. What is the purpose of exit
criteria?
The purpose of exit criteria is to define when a test level is completed.