Lesson 4 Polygons

Math 10
Solid Mensuration
Engr. Edmar C. Toledo
Professor
04
Plane Figure
(POLYGONS)
POLYGONS
➢ geometric object "consisting of
a number of points (called
vertices) and an equal number
of line segments (called sides)
➢ closed plane figure bounded by

line segments as sides
derives from the Greek word poly, meaning
"many," and gonia, meaning "angle."
Parts of POLYGONS
1. The side or the edge of a polygon is one of the line segments that make up
the polygon. Adjacent sides are pairs of sides that share a common endpoint
2. The vertices of a polygon are the endpoints of each side of the polygon.
Adjacent vertices are endpoints of a side.
3. A diagonal of a polygon is a line segment joining two non-adjacent

vertices of the polygon.
4. The interior angle is the angle formed by two adjacent

sides inside the polygon.
5. An exterior angle is the angle that is adjacent to and

supplementary to an interior angle of the polygon.
Types of POLYGONS
1. Equiangular Polygon
- A polygon is equiangular if all of its angles are congruent
2. Equilateral Polygon
- A polygon is equilateral if all its sides are equal
3. Regular Polygon
- Regular polygons are both equiangular and equilateral
4. Irregular Polygon
- A polygon that is neither equiangular nor equilateral
5. Convex Polygon
- Every interior angle of a convex polygon is less than 180 degrees.
6. Concave Polygon
- has at least one interior angle that measures more than 180 degrees.
Regular POLYGONS
❑ polygon that is equiangular (all angles are
equal in measure) and equilateral (all sides
have the same length)
Irregular POLYGONS
❑ polygon that is not equiangular (all angles are not
equal in measure) and not equilateral (all sides are
not the same length)
SIDES NAME OF POLYGON
100 hectogon
1,000 chiliagon
10,000 myriagon
1,000,000 megagon
∞ apeirogon
Sum of Interior Angles
The sum of interior angle of a Polygon of n sides is
Sum σ θ = n − 2 x 180°
For example for a hexagon, n = 6
Sum σ θ = 𝟔 − 2 x 180°
Sum σ θ = 𝟕𝟐𝟎°
Sum of Interior Angles
The sum of interior angle of a Polygon of n sides is
Sum σ θ = n − 2 x 180°
Sum σ θ = 𝟔 − 2 x 180°
Sum σ θ = 𝟕𝟐𝟎°
Sum of Exterior Angles
The sum of exterior angle of a Polygon is equal to 360°
෍ 𝜷 = 𝟑𝟔𝟎°

Number of Diagonals,
The diagonal of a polygon is the line segment joining two
non-adjacent sides. The number of diagonals is given by:
𝒏
D = (𝒏 − 𝟑)
𝟐
For example for a Octagon, n = 8
𝟖
D = (8-3) = 20
𝟐
MEASUREMENT OF EACH
INTERIOR ANGLE
The interior angle of a regular Polygon of n sides :
𝟐𝒏−𝟒
IA = 𝟗𝟎°
𝒏
For example for a Pentagon, n = 5
2 5 −4 10 − 4 6
IA = 90° ° = 90° = 90° = 𝟏𝟎𝟖°
5 5 5
MEASUREMENT OF EACH
INTERIOR ANGLE
The interior angle of a regular Polygon of n sides :
𝟐𝒏−𝟒
IA = 𝟗𝟎°
𝒏
2 5 −4 10−4 6
IA = 90° = 90° = 90° = 𝟏𝟎𝟖°
5 5 5
MEASUREMENT OF EACH
EXTERIOR ANGLE
The exterior angle of a regular Polygon of n sides :
𝟑𝟔𝟎°
EA =
𝒏
360°
EA = = 𝟕𝟐°
5
NUMBER OF LINES THAT CAN BE DRAWN
FROM THE VERTICES OF A POLYGON
𝒏(𝒏−𝟏)
NL =
𝟐
For example for a Heptagon, n = 7
𝒏(𝒏−𝟏) 𝟕(𝟕−𝟏)
NL =
𝟐
= 𝟐
= 21
PERIMETER OF A POLYGON
The Perimeter of a Polygon is the measurement of the

distance around a polygon.
𝑷𝑷𝒐𝒍𝒚𝒈𝒐𝒏 = 𝒏𝒔
Where:
n – Number of sides
s – length of each side
P – perimeter
AREA OF POLYGON
The Area of a Polygon is a positive number of square

units needed to cover the polygon.
AREA OF POLYGON
The Area of a Polygon is the region bounded by the

sides of the polygon
𝟏
𝑨𝑷𝒐𝒍𝒚𝒈𝒐𝒏 = 𝒂𝑷
𝟐
Where:
A – Area of Polygon
P – Perimeter
Apothem is the line segment from the
a – Apothem of a regular polygon
center of the polygon perpendicular to the
midpoint of a side of the polygon. In the
figure, the apothem is line GH. < 𝑬𝑮𝑫 is the
central angle. ∆𝑬𝑮𝑫 is the Isosceles Triangle.
AREA OF POLYGON
For example:
Find the perimeter of the regular pentagon of side 7cm.

Find the area of the regular pentagon of side 7 centimeters.
AREA OF REGULAR POLYGON
Given the number of sides (n) and perimeter (P):
𝑷𝟐
𝑨𝑷𝒐𝒍𝒚𝒈𝒐𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
𝟒𝒏 𝒕𝒂𝒏
𝒏
For example:
A Pentagon is to be formed (𝟒𝟗𝒄𝒎)𝟐

𝑨𝑷𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒐𝒏 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
from a line whose length is 49cm. 𝟒(𝟓) 𝒕𝒂𝒏
𝟓
Determine the area of this
pentagon 𝑨𝑷𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒐𝒏 = 𝟏𝟔𝟓. 𝟐𝟑𝟓𝒄𝒎²
ACTIVITY #4 POLYGONS
Lines, Sides and Diagonals and Area of a Polygon
1. Find the number of lines that can be drawn from the vertices of a dodecagon.
2. Find the number of lines that can be drawn from the vertices of an enneacontagon.
3. How many diagonals are there in a polygon having 24 sides?
4. How many lines are there in a polygon having 189 diagonals?
5. Find the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a decagon.

6. Find the measurement of each interior angle of a regular icosagon.
7. Find the measurement of Each exterior angle of a regular of a dodecagon.
8. The sum of the number of lines drawn from the vertices of two polygons is
136 and the sum of the number of diagonals is 112. Name the two polygons.
9. A dodecagon is to be formed from a line whose length is 49cm. Determine the
area of this dodecagon.
10. Find the difference in areas of triskaidecagon and hexadecagon if their
perimeters are both 1,040cm.

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Math 10

➢ closed plane figure bounded by

3. A diagonal of a polygon is a line segment joining two non-adjacent

4. The interior angle is the angle formed by two adjacent

5. An exterior angle is the angle that is adjacent to and

For example for a hexagon, n = 6

For example for a hexagon, n = 6

For example for a hexagon, n = 6

For example for a Octagon, n = 8

For example for a Pentagon, n = 5

For example for a Pentagon, n = 5

For example for a Pentagon, n = 5

For example for a Heptagon, n = 7

The Perimeter of a Polygon is the measurement of the

The Area of a Polygon is a positive number of square

The Area of a Polygon is the region bounded by the

Find the perimeter of the regular pentagon of side 7cm.

Given the number of sides (n) and perimeter (P):

A Pentagon is to be formed (𝟒𝟗𝒄𝒎)𝟐

3. How many diagonals are there in a polygon having 24 sides?

4. How many lines are there in a polygon having 189 diagonals?

5. Find the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a decagon.

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