Carbon and its

Compounds
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Which of the following organic compounds H H H
does not have the same chemical properties as H C C C H
methanol?
H H
(a) C2H6O (b) C5H10 O H C H
(c) C4H10 O (d) C7H16O
H
2. Which of the following is correct about the Hydrocarbon Z
structure of diamond? Which of the statements about X, Y and Z are
correct?
(a) Carbon atoms are held together by single
1. X and Y are isomers.
covalent bonds.
2. X and Y have the same percentage
(b) Electrons move freely through the structure. composition by mass.
(c) Layers of atoms slide easily over each other. 3. Y is the isomer of alkane having formula,
(d) Carbon atoms conduct electricity in the C5H12 .
molten state. 4. Z has the same boiling point as n-butane.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
3. Which of the following hydrocarbons
(c) 1 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4
represents the isomer of butene?
H H H H H 5. The diagram given below shows the
electron arrangement of the valence electrons
(a) H C C C C H (b) H C H in a molecule of compound PQ3. Which of the
H
H following pairs of elements could be P and Q ?
H C H H C C C H
Q
H H H ×

Q × × Q
H H H P

(c) H C C C H (d) CH3CH2 C CH2 ××

H H CH3 P Q
H C H (a) Argon Neon
H (b) Phosphorus Hydrogen
(c) Nitrogen Chlorine
4. The structures of three hydrocarbons, X, Y (d) Sulphur Oxygen
and Z are shown below:
6. Number of electrons shared between carbon-
H H H H H H H
carbon atoms in ethene is
H C C C C H H C C C H
H H
H × ×
H H H C H
H C H H H C H C ? C
H
H H × ×

Hydrocarbon Y H H
Hydrocarbon X
(a) 2 (b) 4 (a) I and II
(c) 6 (d) 8 (b) II and III
(c) I and IV
7. How many structural isomers are possible
(d) All the statements are incorrect.
for pentane (C5H12)?
14. Graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
(a) 1 (b) 4
Diamond is a poor conductor of electricity.
(c) 2 (d) 3 Substance X is a moderate conductor of electricity.
8. In C6H14 the number of possible isomers is Substance X has the structure shown below:
(a) 3 (b) 6
(c) 4 (d) 5
9. __________ is widely used as a fuel and is
a major component of bio-gas and CNG. It is
also one of the simplest compounds formed by
carbon.
(a) Ethane (b) Propane Which statement about substance X is correct?
(i) It is a covalent compound.
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Methane
(ii) It has a giant molecular structure.
10. Which of the following compounds has a (iii) It has the same structure as graphite.
triple bond? (iv) It has the same structure as diamond.
(a) C2H4 (b) C3H4 (a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) C3H8 (d) C4H10 (c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
11. Which of the following statements is correct? 15. Which of the following statements is correct
(a) M o s t o r g a n i c c o m p o u n d s a r e i o n i c about a substance that has a giant covalent
structure?
compounds.
(a) All its ions are arranged in a giant three
(b) Ethane and ethene belong to the same dimensional lattice.
homologous series. (b) A large amount of energy is needed to break
(c) Propene contains three hydrogen atoms per down the lattice structure.
molecule. (c) It conducts electricity in the molten state.
(d) Chloroethane contains two carbon atoms per (d) It dissolves in water but is more soluble in
molecule. organic solvents.
12. All the members of homologous series of 16. The general formula of cycloalkanes is
alkynes have the general formula (a) CnH2n + 2 (b) CnH2n – 2
(a) CnH2n (b) CnH2n + 2 (c) CnH2n – 1 (d) CnH2n
(c) CnH2n – 2 (d) CnH2n – 4 17. Which of the following exists as a simple
triatomic molecule?
13. Three hydrocarbons X, Y and Z are shown
(a) Argon (b) Fluorine
below : (c) Nitrogen (d) Ozone
X : CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
18. The organic compound, R, has the structure
Y : CH3 C C CH2CH3 shown below:
H H H H
Z : CH3CH2 CH CH CH3
H C C C C H
Identify the incorrect statements about these
three hydrocarbons. H O H H H
I. X and Y both differ by a CH2 unit. Which structure is not an isomer of R?
H H H H
II. X and Z have the same boiling point.
III. All have different general formulae. (a) H C O C C C H
IV. Y and Z have different molecular masses. H H H H
 H H H H
(c) Cl Cl (d) Cl Cl
(b) H C C C C H
H O H H H 24. Which of the following has shortest carbon-
carbon bond length?
H O HH
(a) C2H2 (b) C2H4
(c) H C C C H (c) C2H6 (d) C6H6
H H 25. Which type of bond is present between
H C H carbon-carbon atoms in acetylene?
H (a) Single covalent bond
(b) Double covalent bond
H H
(c) Triple covalent bond
(d) H C C H (d) Electrovalent bond
H C H H C H 26. Number of free electron(s) in each carbon
atom in graphite is/are
H O H
(a) two (b) four
19. Which of the following molecules has all its (c) one (d) three.
atoms joined together by double covalent bonds?
27. The table shows the formulae of three organic
(a) Methane (b) Water
compounds that belong to the same homologous
(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Nitrogen trichloride
series.
20. Which of the following is not a characteristic First member of the CH3 O CH3
of members of a homologous series? homologous series
(a) They possess varying chemical properties.
Second member of the CH3CH2 O CH3
(b) Their physical properties vary in regular
homologous series
and predictable manner.
(c) Their formulae fit the general molecular Third member of the CH3CH2CH2 OCH3
formula. homologous series
(d) Adjacent members differ by one carbon and What is the general formula of this series?
two hydrogen atoms. (a) CnH2nO (b) CnH2n+2O
21. Which covalent molecule contains the (c) CnH2nOH (d) CnH2n+2OH
structure where the central atom is bonded to 28. Which of the following statements is not
four other atoms by covalent bonds? correct?
1. Diamond 2. Graphite (a) A common functional group is present in
3. Methane 4. Silicon dioxide different members of a homologous series.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 4 (b) Two consecutive members of a homologous
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4 series differ by a –CH3 group.
22. Which of the following represent saturated (c) The members of a homologous series can be
hydrocarbons? represented by one general formula.
1. CH(CH3)3 (d) Different members of a homologous series
2. CH2CHCH3 have similar chemical properties.
3. CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3 29. Identify the correct statements.
4. (CH3)2CCHCH3 (i) As the molecular mass increases in any
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 4 homologous series, a gradation in physical
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 properties is seen.
23. Chlorine forms a diatomic molecule, Cl2. The (ii) The melting and boiling points decrease
electron dot structure for this molecule is with increasing molecular mass.
(iii) Other physical properties such as solubility
(a) (b) Cl in a particular solvent decreases with
Cl Cl Cl
increasing molecular mass.
59. Assertion : Diamond is the hardest natural 65. Assertion : The functional group present in
known substance. alcohols is –OH.
Reason : Diamond is used for cutting marble, Reason : It is the same group as present in water,
granite and glass. hence water and alcohol have similar properties.
60. Assertion : Diamond is not a good conductor 66. Assertion : Diamond and graphite do not
of electricity. have the same crystal structure.
Reason : It has no free electrons. Reason : Diamond is crystalline while graphite
is amorphous.
61. Assertion : Two members of a homologous
series have similar chemical properties. 67. Assertion : Carbon and its compounds can
be used as fuels.
Reason : Propane and butane are members of
same homologous series. Reason : They are highly inflammable and have
high calorific value.
62. Assertion : Saturated hydrocarbons are
68. Assertion : Olefins have the general
chemically less reactive.
formula CnH2n+1.
Reason : All the valencies of carbon atom are
Reason : There is atleast one double bond
satisfied by single covalent bonds. between two carbon atoms in their molecules.
63. Assertion : Covalent compounds are 69. Assertion : Graphite is soft and slippery to
generally poor conductor of electricity. touch.
Reason : They consist of molecules and not ions Reason : Graphite has sheet like layered structure.
which can transfer charge.
70. Assertion : Both aldehydes and ketones
64. Assertion : Graphite is a good conductor of contain carbonyl group.
electricity. Reason : In aldehydes, the functional group is
Reason : It has one free valence electron. attached to atleast one hydrogen atom.

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSA)

1. LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) is used as a 3rd member of the homologous series whose first
fuel for cooking in homes. Why is LPG stored as member is methane.
a liquid? 7. Select saturated hydrocarbons from the
2. Why carbon does not form the ionic compounds? following :
C3H6; C5H10; C4H10; C6H14; C2H4
3. What are covalent compounds?
8. Write the name and formula of the
4. Give different forms in which carbon occurs
2nd member of homologous series having general
in nature. formula CnH2n – 2.
5. Write the molecular formula of first two 9. Give the electron dot structures for (a) CCl4
members of homologous series having functional and (b) C2H2.
group —Cl.
10. An organic compound burns with a sooty flame.
6. Write the molecular formula of the 2nd and Is it a saturated or an unsaturated compound?

Short Answer Type Questions (SA-I)

11. The molecular formulae of alkenes X and Y 13. What is homologous series of compounds?
are CxH8 and C10Hy respectively. What are the List any two characteristics of homologous series.
relative molecular masses of X and Y? 14. A hydrocarbon molecule has 3 carbon
12. Define isomerism. Write down the structures atoms. Write down its molecular formula if it is
and names of isomers of butane. an : (i) alkane (ii) alkene (iii) alkyne.