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    Yakan 2

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    sulpicomariel1

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    Yakan 2

    Uploaded by

    sulpicomariel1
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    YAKAN 2

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    Yakan 2

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    YAKAN

    LANGUAGE, CULTURE AND SOCIETY

    SUBMITTED BY:
    RENZ CARL NUDO
    MICHELLE SULPICO
    II-C
    YAKAN

    YAKAN refers to the majority Musim group in Basilan, an island province just
    south of Zamboanga peninsula. Basilan is part of the Autonomous Region in
    Muslim Mindanao (ARMM).
    “Basilan” may mean “the waterway into the sea” or may derive from the Yakan
    word for “the way to the iron” because of the presence of minerals in the island.
    The word Yakan means “Dayak Origin”, as they are believed to be the descendants
    of the Orang Dyaks or Tagihamas of eastern Indonesia.

    PEOPLE OF YAKAN
    The Yakan people have Malay features. They are small of frame, with brown skin,
    slanting eyes, and black hair which distinct them from other ethnic Filipino groups.
    Their physical characteristics are similar to the Dyak of North Borneo, leading to
    speculation that they originated from their race.
    Yakan people may be the original inhabitants of Basilan.
    About one percent of the Yakan people have migrated to the nearby nation of
    Malaysia.
    LANGAUGE
    The Yakan speak an Austrenesian language, written either in Malay, Latin alphabet or
    script, but is sometimes written with a version of the Arabic alphabet. It is spoken mainly on
    Basilan Island in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of the Philippines. It is the native
    language of the Yakan people, the indigenous as well as the largest ethnic group on the island.
    There are also speakers in Sulu province and on the Zamboanga Peninsula region
    Yakan is taught in primary schools in Basilan, and used to some extent in literature.
    Yakan is related to languages such as Abaknon and Mapun, which are spoken in the
    Philippines, and to Bajaw and Sama, which are spoken in parts of Malaysia, Indonesia and
    the Philippines.

    Examples of Yakan Language

    WORDS:
    1. bohe': tubig: water
    2. kaba'-kaba': paruparo: butterfly
    3. kapatut: kapangyarihan: power, authority
    4. katas: papel: paper
    5. meyong: pusa: cat
    6. niyawa: kaluluwa: soul, spirit

    PHRASE:
    1. inday ku - I don't know
    2. Ambat ne - Never mind
    3. Da'i kew pitu - Come here
    4. Tabanganun ku - Help me

    QUESTIONS:

    1. Sine alen nu? - What's your name?


    2. Sainge ru kite? - How are you?
    3. Piyeh umul nu? - How old are you?
    CULTURE
    RELIGIOUS BELIEFS & PRACTICES OF THE YAKAN PEOPLE
    As Muslims, the Yakan have an immense respect for Allah or Awlahu Taala
    (God Almighty). They view Allah in an anthropomorphic way. Although they believe that
    Allah is omnipotent, they picture Allah with a body like that of a human being albeit sexless
    and with infinite senses.
    The Yakan also believe in some characters of Islamic mythology, such as the
    djinn, intelligent and helpful creatures who are neither humans nor angels but who can
    handle tasks beyond the capacity of human beings. The djinn should be befriended to win
    their trust and good will.

    VISUAL ARTS AND CRAFTS


     Pag peneh: The Yakan have pagpeneh (designs or motifs) used repeatedly in all their
    visual arts and crafts.
     kabban buddi: A set of triangles, squares, and other geometric shapes used for
    cushions, pillows, casings, mats, and hats.

    WEAVING OR TENNUNN
    The word “tennun” in Yakan generally means “woven cloth.” The Yakans are one of the
    indigenous groups that first settled in the Basilan Islands where the traditional weaving first
    started.
    THEY’RE CONSIDERED TO AMONG THE FINEST WEAVERS IN SOUTHERN
    PHILIPPINES. THEIR FABRICS ARE KNOWN FOR BEING COLORFUL, DENSE,
    AND TIGHTYLY-WOVEN.

    “She is known among the weavers as “Apuh


    Ambalang.”
     She was recognized by the National
    Commission for Culture and the Arts
    (NCAA) as a nation a living treasure
    in 2016.,
     Was born to family of weavers, their
    clan is known for their skill and
    artistry
     A Manlilikha ng Bayan from
    Parangbasak, Lamitan City, was born
    on March 4, 1943
    YAKAN TRIBE CLOTHING
     The basic garment for men and women consists of a tight-fitting shirt called badju
    and tight-fitting trousers called sawal. The badju is open in front from lapel down to
    the waist, with up to 40 sequined or golden buttons.
     It is embroidered on the front and back, with cuffs decorated with batawi
    (gold buttons), which are status symbols.
     The difference in male and female apparel lies in accessories.
     Men wear a handwoven pis, a square headcloth measuring a meter or
    more, and a 15-meter-long kandit (belt or sash) made of red cloth
    called gilim.
     Women wear tight fitting short blouses
     Men and women wear the saruk, the Yakan nito hat worn to make one look more
    attractive and elegant. Some wear the hat over the turban and use it as a purse for
    betel nuts, tobacco, and money.

    YAKAN TRIBAL HOUSES


    Traditionally, the Yakan house faces the east because the Yakan believe that the
    husband’s bedside must be on the east so he will outlive his wife. Even the piling of building
    materials points toward the east to signify that family members are united in their purpose of
    house-building.
    There are taboos in the selection of building materials:
     crooked wood signifies a corpse’s elbow;
     a post with a hole symbolizes the dead and should be avoided;
     posts with cracks must be smoothened to avoid illnesses; and
     tree trunks entwined with vines attract snakes into the house.

    There are also beliefs relating to house construction:


     the number of rooms and the number of steps of the stairs must be an odd number
    since even numbers mean death and bad omen; and
     the house usually has two doors facing the east to signify life and new beginnings.
    SOCIETY
    Yakan society is ‘patriarchal’, with the amana (father) as the head of the family.
    Yakan kinship is also bilateral.
    Thus, an individual is born to two sets of kinship groups:
    1. the usba or the fathers, and
    2. the waris or the mother’s, with a slight bias in favor of the father’s side.

    MARRIAGE
     Traditionally, marriages are arranged by the usba-waris. In marriage negotiations,
    men have more rights than women. Women have almost no voice whatsoever. The
    girl’s parents, particularly their descendants from the patrilineal line, have the final
    decision. Marriages between cousins are common because they keep the family
    wealth within the group or clan.
     The Yakan adat (custom law) recognizes various types of marriages:
    o muli (with parental consent);
    o magtambul bay (the shotgun; Fil. pikot);
    o magpasumbali (suicide);
    o magpalah’i (elopement); and
    o ngalahi (abduction).

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