Unit test 1B

1 Read the article. Which sentence is NOT

true? How many friends do you have?
a Many people who use social media have a In this age of mass communication, it’s easy to have large
lot of friends. numbers of friends. If you ask the average FacebookTM user how
b People usually plan how to get new many friends they have, they may well give an answer in the
hundreds. The conversation becomes more interesting if you ask
friends.
what people mean by a ‘friend’. The ancient Greek philosopher
c The researchers studied a large number of Aristotle defined three different kinds of friendship: friends of
twin brothers. utility, who help each other; friends of pleasure, who have fun
d The study found that our genes affect how together; and friends of virtue, who try to make each other better
we choose our friends. people. It is true that friends can have very different roles in our
lives. There are the friends that you’ve known for a long time. You
e Aristotle believed that there were different might not have much in common with them now, but you are still
categories of friends. bound to them by your shared past. Then there are people you
see regularly in social situations, say at work or in a sports team.
1 point for a correct answer 1 You might chat about day-to-day things with them, but know very
little about their life. Finally, there are our few ‘close friends’ who
we trust with our most personal thoughts and feelings.

But how do we choose our friends? We certainly don’t plan it. If

we did, we might then target suitable people and send out
invitations. But it doesn’t happen like that. Some of our friends
lived close to us when we were growing up, others shared an
interest, such as sports, and over time we got to know them
better. Did we choose them, or is it all down to chance?

A group of researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University in

the USA think they may have found the answer. The researchers
studied more than a thousand identical male twins as they moved
from mid-childhood to early adulthood. In this way, it was possible
to measure the influence of environment on people who are
genetically identical. The study found that as the twins developed
their own social groups away from their family, genetics played
an increasingly important part in their choices. The results led the
researchers to conclude that people whose genes make them
outgoing and sociable tend to gather more friends around them,
and choose people who have similar personalities to themselves.

People who are naturally more reserved on the other hand

tend to choose people on the basis of shared interests, rather
than personality. However, the researchers believe that not
everything is down to genetics. Environment also plays a part.
Children with parents with a wide circle of friends are more
likely to have a lot of friendships themselves, which suggests
that spending time with friends is a learned behaviour. So, if
this study is right, both our genes and environment play a role
in determining our friendships.

2 Read the article again. Choose the

correct answers.
1 According to the article, most people … .
a wouldn’t call people they chat to online
friends

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Unit test 1B Continued

b have four kinds of friends 3 Match the verb forms in italics (1–10)
c consider a lot of different kinds of with the tenses (a–j).
people to be their friends 1 It was raining when we landed. ______
2 Aristotle … . 2 The guests will be arriving soon. ______
a tried to explain the relationships we
3 Chimpanzees have been taught sign
have with our friends
language. ______
b believed that people who had a lot of
friends were better people 4 The first stone tools were invented about
c encouraged people to have different 2.6 million years ago. ______
kinds of friends 5 In 50 years’ time, most manual work will
3 According to the article, … . be done by robots. ______
a most people seem to collect friends in 6 Language probably evolved from a
an unplanned way simpler form
b we get on better with our friends if we of communication. ______
share an interest with them
7 Music is being used in hospitals to help
c most of our friends are people who live patients. ______
near us
8 They’ll have finished on the project by the
4 The researchers at Virginia
end of this month. ______
Commonwealth University … .
9 I’ve been feeling tired recently. ______
a studied twins who had large social
groups 10 She’d been debating whether to move to
b studied twins from when they were Spain. ______
children until they were adults
c only compared sociable and reserved a Present Continuous passive
people
b Present Perfect Simple passive
5 The study found that … .
c Present Perfect Continuous active
a genes influence our behaviour more
when we are younger d Past Simple active
b genes and environment both influence e Past Simple passive
our behaviour f Past Continuous active
c our environment influences our
g Past Perfect Continuous active
behaviour more when we leave home
h Future Simple passive
1 point for each correct answer 5 i Future Continuous active
j Future Perfect Simple active

1 point for each correct answer 10

4 Choose the correct ending to complete

the sentences.
1 The fields are ploughed _____
a as we stand here watching.
b at this time of the year.
2 I’ve been writing the report, _____
a so there’s nothing more to do.
b but there’s still a bit more to do.

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Unit test 1B Continued

3 I’ve been reading that book _____ week,

a at least three times. Martin
b for the last six hours.
4 I expect I’ll be sleeping _____ 1 point for each correct answer 14

a when the alarm clock goes off.

b until the alarm clock goes off.
5 We were losing the match, _____
a but in the end we won.
b but we’ll win the next one.
6 I’ve eaten lunch, _____
a so I’m not hungry now.
b but I’m hungry now.

1 point for each correct answer 6

5 Choose the correct option.

Hi Tom,
How are things at university? Still having fun?
I can’t believe that by the end of the month
(1) you’ll have been / you’ll be in Bristol for a
year. Time flies! Have you found a new house
yet? Last time I saw you, (2) you were
sleeping / you slept on a friend’s sofa while
you looked for your own place. Not great for
studying! Talking about which, recently (3)
I’ve been reading / I have read a fascinating
book about Chinese history. I’m halfway
through it, but I’ll lend it to you when (4) I’ve
finished / I’ll finish it. (5) It recommends / It
was recommended to me by Tina, the girl (6) I
have been telling / I was telling you about last
time I saw you. Actually, (7) we’ve been
seeing / we saw a lot of each other lately. (8)
We’ve been out / We went out on a date last
week to the cinema. Actually, I was late for it
so (9) she’d been waiting / she was waiting for
half an hour by the time I got there. Not a
good start! After (10) we’d seen / we’ve seen
the film, we went for a bite to eat. (11) She
wasn’t feeling / She hadn’t felt very well
though, so (12) she had gone / she went
home early. At least that’s what she told me!
(13) We’re going / We go ice skating tonight.
Hopefully, (14) I won’t have broken / I won’t
break my neck by the time you come back!
Anyhow, hope all’s well and see you next

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Unit test 1B Continued

6 Complete the sentences with the

correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 Stephen Spielberg’s latest film ______
(come out) last month, but I ______ (not
see) it yet.
2 Throughout history, writers ____________
(imprison) for the contents of their books,
and this ____________ (happen) even now
in some places.
3 At present, the old theatre building ______
(convert) into a nightclub. They ______
(work) on it for the past three months.
4 Yesterday, I ____________ (have to) go back
home because I ____________ (leave) my
books in my room.
5 We’re so late! By the time we ____________
(arrive), the meeting ____________
(finished).
6 I ____________ (work) on this essay all
morning, but I don’t think I ____________
(finish) it by the time you get here.
7 In 2014, $20 billion ____________ (invest) in
infrastructure projects. This ____________
(lead to) the creation of 5,000 new jobs.

1 point for each correct answer 14

7 Complete the sentences with a reflexive

pronoun.
1 He was walking along, talking to
____________ .
2 She was debating with ____________
whether to ask him out on a date.
3 They painted ____________ in their team’s
colours.
4 The house ____________ was very nice, it
was just in a bad location.
5 You shouldn’t be so hard on ____________ .
6 Some people choose to live by
____________ .
7 I burned ____________ lighting the fire.
8 We helped ____________ to coffee and
waited for them to arrive.

1 point for each correct answer 8

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Unit test 1B Continued

8 Match sentences 1–7 with expressions 6 A So, you eventually got to speak to him?
a–g. B Yes, after several attempts, we finally
1 You’ve been looking a bit pale lately. got across / through to him on his
__f___ mobile.
2 You never listen to my advice anyway.
______ 1 point for each correct answer 6
3 Don’t worry about what other people
think. ______
4 You’re always complaining. Give it a rest!
______
5 He thinks everyone loves him. ______
6 I forgot to call her back. I’m such an idiot.
______
7 You tried as hard as you could, you really
did. ______

a He really fancies himself.

b Don’t put yourself down.
c Just be yourself.
d I could kick myself.
e Please yourself.
f Look after yourself.
g Just listen to yourself.

1 point for each correct answer 6

9 Circle the correct option to complete

the conversations.
1 A Why don’t you like Sarah anymore?
B Because she’s always calling / getting at
me in front of my mates.
2 A That was the most amazing concert
ever!
B Yeah, I was completely banged / blown
away by her singing.
3 A He’s a bit lazy, isn’t he?
B I know, he’s a complete couch potato /
tomato.
4 A I just saw Angelina Jolie in the street.
B Yeah, right! Rub / Pull the other one.
5 A How does it feel to win your first
championship?
B I’m thrilled / excited to bits, I can tell
you.

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Unit test 1B Continued

10 Match expressions 1–7 with emotions ____________ . It’s great not to have to get
a–g. up early for work.
10 The baby was riding in a ____________ and
1 I’m absolutely gutted. a
quietly singing to herself.
encourage
ment
1 point for each correct answer 10
2 I totally lost it. b
disappoint 12 Translate the sentences.
ment
1 I was absolutely gutted when I heard that I
3 You mean the world to c reassurance
me. hadn’t got the job.
____________________________________
4 My goal was amazing! d curiosity ____________________________________

5 Don’t worry – it won’t hurt. e boastfulness 2 Once the speech had been given, the
guests
6 I’m dying to know. f fury were invited to begin their meal.
____________________________________
7 Go on! You can do it! g adoration
____________________________________
3 The museum has been completely
1 point for each correct answer 6
renovated
and will be reopened next month.
11 Complete the sentences with a word
____________________________________
from
the box. ____________________________________
4 He’s going grey and bald and has started
lie-in teetering dating nap swotting to
satchel truant settled down insomnia have a pot belly.
buggy ____________________________________
____________________________________
1 Internet ____________ is changing the way
we form romantic relationships. 5 Stop making such a fuss! You only grazed
your knee.
2 Grandpa usually gets sleepy after lunch
and takes an afternoon ____________ . ____________________________________
3 I wish you’d wear sensible shoes instead ____________________________________
of ____________ on high heels. 6 The baby has been having a lot of
4 At school, I carried my books in a leather tantrums
____________ . recently about wearing a nappy.
5 I don’t usually suffer from ____________ , ____________________________________
but I’m having trouble sleeping recently. ____________________________________
6 It’s time you ____________ and got a house 7 This time tomorrow, I’ll be working out in
and mortgage. the
7 Some children play ____________ because gym.
they are not challenged enough at school. ____________________________________
8 Kids work so hard nowadays. Mine are ____________________________________
always ____________ for exams.
9 On Saturday mornings, I usually have a

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Unit test 1B Continued

2 points for each correct answer 14

Unit test 1B Total 100

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