Question ID 75e07a4d

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Information and Command of

Ideas Evidence

ID: 75e07a4d

Sample of Food Items from Gemini Mission

Menus

Food item Day Meal

Sugar cookie cubes 1 B

Chicken and vegetables 2 B

Shrimp cocktail 4 C

Hot cocoa 3 A

To make sure they got the nutrition they needed while in space, the astronauts of NASA’s Gemini missions were given menus
for three meals a day (meals A, B, and C) on a four-day rotating schedule. Looking at the sample of food items from these
menus, a student notes that on day 1, the menu included ______

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?

A. shrimp cocktail for meal B.

B. hot cocoa for meal C.

C. sugar cookie cubes for meal B.

D. chicken and vegetables for meal A.

Question ID 602b47c7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Information and Central Ideas and

Ideas Details

ID: 602b47c7
Biologists have predicted that birds’ feather structures vary with habitat temperature, but this hadn’t been tested in mountain
environments. Ornithologist Sahas Barve studied feathers from 249 songbird species inhabiting different elevations—and
thus experiencing different temperatures—in the Himalaya Mountains. He found that feathers of high-elevation species not
only have a greater proportion of warming downy sections to flat and smooth sections than do feathers of low-elevation
species, but high-elevation species’ feathers also tend to be longer, providing a thicker layer of insulation.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

Barve’s investigation shows that some species of Himalayan songbirds have evolved feathers that better regulate body
A. temperature than do the feathers of other species, contradicting previous predictions.

Barve found an association between habitat temperature and feather structure among Himalayan songbirds, lending new
B. support to a general prediction.

Barve discovered that songbirds have adapted to their environment by growing feathers without flat and smooth
C. sections, complicating an earlier hypothesis.

The results of Barve’s study suggest that the ability of birds to withstand cold temperatures is determined more strongly
D. by feather length than feather structure, challenging an established belief.
Question ID 702eb7e3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Information and Command of

Ideas Evidence

ID: 702eb7e3

Economic Policy Uncertainty in

the United Kingdom, 2005–2010
(larger values = more uncertainty)

200

150
Uncertainty

100

50

0
0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 0
20 20 20 20 20 20

Year

tax and public spending policy

trade policy
general economic policy

High levels of public uncertainty about which economic policies a country will adopt can make planning difficult for
businesses, but measures of such uncertainty have not tended to be very detailed. Recently, however, economist Sandile
Hlatshwayo analyzed trends in news reports to derive measures not only for general economic policy uncertainty but also for
uncertainty related to specific areas of economic policy, like tax or trade policy. One revelation of her work is that a general
measure may not fully reflect uncertainty about specific areas of policy, as in the case of the United Kingdom, where general
economic policy uncertainty ______

Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to illustrate the claim?

aligned closely with uncertainty about tax and public spending policy in 2005 but differed from uncertainty about tax and
A. public spending policy by a large amount in 2009.

B. was substantially lower than uncertainty about tax and public spending policy each year from 2005 to 2010.

reached its highest level between 2005 and 2010 in the same year that uncertainty about trade policy and tax and public
C. spending policy reached their lowest levels.
 was substantially lower than uncertainty about trade policy in 2005 and substantially higher than uncertainty about trade
D. policy in 2010.
Question ID 757077f9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Craft and Structure Words in Context

ID: 757077f9
During a 2014 archaeological dig in Spain, Vicente Lull and his team uncovered the skeleton of a woman from El Algar, an
Early Bronze Age society, buried with valuable objects signaling a high position of power. This finding may persuade
researchers who have argued that Bronze Age societies were ruled by men to ______ that women may have also held
leadership roles.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A. waive

B. concede

C. refute

D. require
Question ID b13378c8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Craft and Structure Text Structure and
Purpose

ID: b13378c8
Early in the Great Migration of 1910–1970, which involved the mass migration of Black people from the southern to the
northern United States, political activist and Chicago Defender writer Fannie Barrier Williams was instrumental in helping
other Black women establish themselves in the North. Many women hoped for better employment opportunities in the North
because, in the South, they faced much competition for domestic employment and men tended to get agricultural work. To
aid with this transition, Barrier Williams helped secure job placement in the North for many women before they even began
their journey.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

To introduce and illustrate Barrier Williams’s integral role in supporting other Black women as their circumstances
A. changed during part of the Great Migration

To establish that Barrier Williams used her professional connections to arrange employment for other Black women,
B. including jobs with the Chicago Defender

To demonstrate that the factors that motivated the start of the Great Migration were different for Black women than they
C. were for Black men

To provide an overview of the employment challenges faced by Black women in the agricultural and domestic spheres in
D. the southern United States
Question ID 97e5bf55
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Craft and Structure Cross-Text

Connections

ID: 97e5bf55
Text 1
In 1916, H. Dugdale Sykes disputed claims that The Two Noble Kinsmen was coauthored by William Shakespeare and John
Fletcher. Sykes felt Fletcher’s contributions to the play were obvious—Fletcher had a distinct style in his other plays, so much
so that lines with that style were considered sufficient evidence of Fletcher’s authorship. But for the lines not deemed to be
by Fletcher, Sykes felt that their depiction of women indicated that their author was not Shakespeare but Philip Massinger.
Text 2
Scholars have accepted The Two Noble Kinsmen as coauthored by Shakespeare since the 1970s: it appears in all major one-
volume editions of Shakespeare’s complete works. Though scholars disagree about who wrote what exactly, it is generally
held that on the basis of style, Shakespeare wrote all of the first act and most of the last, while John Fletcher authored most
of the three middle acts.

Based on the texts, both Sykes in Text 1 and the scholars in Text 2 would most likely agree with which statement?

A. John Fletcher’s writing has a unique, readily identifiable style.

B. The women characters in John Fletcher’s plays are similar to the women characters in Philip Massinger’s plays.

C. The Two Noble Kinsmen belongs in one-volume compilations of Shakespeare’s complete plays.

D. Philip Massinger’s style in the first and last acts of The Two Noble Kinsmen is an homage to Shakespeare’s style.
Question ID a40c7aa3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Expression of Ideas Transitions

ID: a40c7aa3
Most of the planets that have been discovered outside our solar system orbit G-type stars, like our Sun. In 2014, ______
researchers identified a planet orbiting KELT-9, a B-type star more than twice as massive and nearly twice as hot as the Sun.
Called KELT-9b, it is one of the hottest planets ever discovered.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. likewise,

B. however,

C. therefore,

D. for example,
Question ID 00221c00
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Expression of Ideas Transitions

ID: 00221c00
In 1815, while in exile in Jamaica, Venezuelan revolutionary Simón Bolívar penned a letter praising England’s republican
government and expressing hope that Latin American nations seeking independence from Spain might achieve something
similar. The letter was addressed to a local merchant, Henry Cullen; ______ though, Bolívar’s goal was to persuade political
leaders from England and Europe to support his cause.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. additionally,

B. ultimately,

C. accordingly,

D. consequently,
Question ID af89fa02
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Expression of Ideas Transitions

ID: af89fa02
The Babylonian king Hammurabi achieved much during his forty-year reign. He conquered all of Mesopotamia and built
Babylon into one of the most powerful cities of the ancient world. Today, ______ he is mainly remembered for a code of laws
inscribed on a seven-foot-tall block of stone: the Code of Hammurabi.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. therefore,

B. likewise,

C. however,

D. for instance,
Question ID b7363ba2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure,

Conventions and Sense

ID: b7363ba2
Mathematician and meteorologist Edward Lorenz used the metaphor of the “butterfly effect” to explain how seemingly minor
events can have major impacts on future weather. According to Lorenz’s metaphor, the wind from a butterfly flapping ______
in Brazil might eventually grow into a storm elsewhere across the globe.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A. its wings

B. its wings’

C. it’s wing’s

D. it’s wings’
Question ID 1ee7b429
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Form, Structure,

Conventions and Sense

ID: 1ee7b429
Bonnie Buratti of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory ______ data about Saturn’s rings collected by the Cassini spacecraft when
she made an interesting discovery: the tiny moons embedded between and within Saturn’s rings are shaped by the buildup of
ring material on the moons’ surfaces.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A. studies

B. has been studying

C. will study

D. was studying
Question ID 333b2b65
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Reading and Writing Standard English Boundaries

Conventions

ID: 333b2b65
While one requires oxygen and one does ______ and anaerobic respiration are both forms of cellular respiration—that is, they
are processes by which cells break down glucose to use as energy.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A. not aerobic

B. not. Aerobic

C. not, aerobic

D. not; aerobic