Part B

 Answer five questions only. (In this question paper, g denotes the acceleration due to gravity)

11. (a) A car P that begins its journey from rest from a point O on a straight horizontal road travels with a constant
acceleration 2 f ms−2 up to a point A on that road, where OA=a m. It maintains the velocity attained at A
throughout its remaining journey. At the instant when car P reaches the point A , another car Q begins its
journey" along the same in the same direction, from rest at the point O and moves with a constant
acceleration f ms−2. Sketch the velocity - time graphs for the motion of P and Q in the same diagram.

Hence, show that the time taken by Q to the instant when the velocities of P and Q are equal is 2
√ a
f
s.

Now" let a=50 and f =2 , and let B be the point on the road at which the car Q passes the car P . Show
that AB=50 ( 5+2 √ 6 ) m.

(b) A ship P is sailing due South with a uniform speed 60 ms−1 relative to earth and a ship Q is sailing due East
with a uniform speed 30 √ 3 ms−2 relative to earth. A third ship R appears to move in the direction 30 °
North of East when it is observed from P and ship R appears to move due South when it is observed from
Q . Show that the ship R moves in the direction 30 ° South of East with a speed 60 ms−1 relative to earth.

Suppose that initially the ship R is located 24 km away from P in a direction 60 ° South of West and 6 km
away from Q in due West. Show that the distance between Q and R is 12 km, when P and R are the
shortest distance apart.

12. (a) The vertical cross-section ABCDE through the

centre of gravity of a smooth uniform block of
mass 4 m is shown in the figure. The face
containing AB is placed on a smooth horizontal
floor. Also, AE and ED are the lines of greatest
slope of the faces containing them.
AE=2 a , ED=a , DC =a∧ E ^ A B=A E ^ D= π .
3
Three particles P , Q and R of masses 3 m ,2 m
and m , respectively, are placed at the mid-points
of AE , ED and DC . The particles P and Q are
attached to the ends of a light inextensible string
passing over a smooth light small pulley fixed to
the block at E , and the particles Q and R are
attached to the ends of another light inextensible
string passing through a smooth light small ring
fixed to the block at D .
Strings are taut in the position shown in the diagram and the system is released from rest from this position.
Obtain equations sufficient to determine the time taken for the particle Q to reach E .

(b) A cylinder of radius a is fixed with its axis horizontal and the
adjoining figure shows a vertical cross-section of the cylinder
perpendicular to its axis. Two particles P and Q of masses m and 2 m,
respectively connected by a light inextensible string are held with the
string taut and OP horizontal in the position as shown in the figure and
released from rest. Assuming that the particle Q moves vertically
downwards, show that the speed v of the particle P when ⃗ OP has
turned through an angle (
θ 0 ≤θ ≤
π
6 ) is given by

2 2 ga
v= ( 2 θ−sinθ ) .
3
 π
The string is cut when θ= and it is given that the particle P moving on the cylinder comes to
6
instantaneous rest before it reaches the highest point of the cylinder. In the subsequent motion, find the
speed of P when it is at a distance a vertically below its initial position.

13. One end of a light elastic string of natural length 2 a and modulus of elasticity 2 mg
is attached to a fixed point O which is at a distance of 4 a above a smooth horizontal
floor, and the other end to a particle P of mass m . The particle P hangs in
equilibrium at B . Show that the extension of the string is a .

Now, the particle P is given an impulse of mv vertically downwards. Show that the

equation of motion of P is ẍ +ω2 x=0 where ω=

√ g and BP=x .
a

Using the formula ẋ 2=ω 2 ( c2−x 2 ) , where c is the amplitude, show that if v> √ ag , P
hits the floor.

Now, suppose that v=3 √ ag .

Find the velocity with which P hits the floor.

1
The coefficient of restitution between P and the floor is e . If e < ,show that the particle P will not reach O .
√2
1
If it is given that e= , find the velocity of P when the string becomes slack for the first time. Find the total time
2
taken by P to come to instantaneous rest for the first time, from the instant it was given the impulse at B .

14. (a) Let the position vectors of four points A , B ,C and D be a , b , 3 a and 4 b , respectively with respect to a
fixed origin Q , wherea and b are non-zero and non-parallel vectors. E is the point of intersection of AD
and BC . Using the triangle law of addition for the triangle OAE , show that ⃗
OE =a+ λ (4 b−a) for λ ∈ R .

Similarly, show also that ⃗

OE =b+ μ(3 a−b) for μ ∈ R .

1
Hence, show that ⃗
OE = ( 9 a+ 8 b ) .
11

(b) Three forces ai+2 j ,−3 i+ βj and i+5 j act through the points with position vectors i+ j , 3i+ j and
2 i+ 2 j, respectively, where α , β ∈ R . It is given that this system of forces is equivalent to a couple. Find
the values of α and β , and the moment of this couple.

Now, a new force 3 γi+ 4 γj acting through the origin O is added to the above system of forces, where γ >0.
Show that the new system consisting of 4 forces is equivalent to a resultant force and, find its magnitude,
direction and the equation of its line of action.

Next, it is given that when a force pi+ qj acting through the point with position vector 2 i+3 j is added, this
system consisting of 5 forces is in equilibrium. Find the values of γ , p and q .

15. (a) Four uniform rods AB , BC , CD and DA each of length 2 a and weight
W are smoothly jointed at their ends A , B ,C and D . The midpoints of
AB and BC are joined by a light inextensible string of length a .
Similarly, midpoints of AD and DC are also joined by a light
inextensible string of length a . The system is suspended in a vertical
plane from the point A and stays in equilibrium as shown in the figure.
 Find the tensions in the strings and the reaction exerted on AB by BC
at the joint B .

(b) The framework shown in the figure consists of five

light rods AB , BC , CD , DA and DB smoothly
jointed at their ends. It is given that
AD=a , AB=√ 3 a , B ^ A D=90° , C ^B D=90 °∧B ^ D C=60° .
At each of the joints B and C , a load W is suspended
and the framework is smoothly hinged at A to a fixed
point and kept in equilibrium in a vertical plane with
AB horizontal by a horizontal force P .

(i) Find the value of P .

(ii) Draw the stress diagram using Bow's notation for

the joints C , B and D .
Hence, find the stresses in the rods, stating
whether they are tensions or thrusts.

4r
16. Show that the centre of mass of a uniform semi-circular lamina of radius r and centre O is at a distance from
3π
O.

A plane lamina is made from a uniform thin sheet metal

of surface density σ by removing a semi-circular of
radius a from the rectangle QRST and by adding an
isosceles triangle PQW with equal side-lengths √ 2 a to
it, as shown in the adjoining figure.
QR=2 a , RS=6 a∧QW =2 a . The centre of mass of
this lamina lies at a distance x from QR and y from
(74−3 π ) 2(15−π)
RS . Show that x= a and y= a.
(26−π ) (26−π )

The lamina with a particle of mass m fixed to it at S ,

hangs in equilibrium by a light inextensible string of
length 4 a whose ends are attached to U and W and
passing over a small smooth fixed peg C with side RS
horizontal as shown in the figure. Find the value of m
and the tension of the string in terms of a and σ .
17. (a) Four identical boxes B1 , B2 , B3 and B4 , each contains 4 pens which are identical in all aspects except for
their colour. Each box Bk contains k red pens and 4−k black pens for k =1 ,2 , 3 , 4. One of the four boxes
is chosen at random and 2 pens are drawn from that box, Find the probability that,

(i) the two pens drawn are red,

(ii) the pens are drawn from box B4 ,given that the two pens drawn are red.

(b) The data sets { x 1 , x 2 ,......., x n } and { y 1 , y 2 ,......., y m } have the same mean, and their standard deviations
are σ x and σ y , respectively. Show that the variance of the combined data set { x 1 , ..........., x m , y1 ,...........,
2 2
nσ x +mσ y
y m } is given by .
n+ m

Diameters of bolts produced at a factory is summarized in the following table:

Diameter (mm) Number of bolts

(in thousands)
2-6 2
6 - 10 5
10 - 14 8
14 - 18 4
18 - 22 1

Estimate the mean, the median and the variance of the distribution given above.

The diameters of another 40 000 bolts produced by a neighbouring factory has the same mean, while the
variance is 22.53 mm2. Estimate the combined variance of the diameters of the bolts produced by both
factories.

Part B

 Answer five questing only.

11. (a) Let 0<| p|<1. Show that the equation p2 x 2−2 x +1=0 has real distinct roots.

Let a and β (¿ α ) be these roots. Show that α and β are both positive.

Find (α−1)(β−1) in terms of p , and deduce that α <1 and β >1.

1
Show that√ β−√ α = √ 2 ¿ ¿)
| p|
1
It is given that √ β+ √ α= ). Show that the quadratic equation whose roots are ¿ √ a−1∨¿
¿ p∨¿ √ 2 ¿ ¿ ¿
and ¿ √ β−1∨¿ is | p| x 2−√ 2 ( 1−| p|) x + √ 2 ( 1+| p|) −| p|−1=0.

(b) Let p ( x )=2 x 3 + ax2 +bx−4 , where a , b ∈ R . It is given that(x +2) is a factor of both p(x ) and p' ( x ) ,
where p '(x ) is the derivative of p(x ) with respect to x . Find the values of a and b . For these values of a
and b , completely factorise p ( x )−3 p ' ( x ) .

12. (a) Six mangoes and four oranges are to be distributed among eight students so that each student receives at
least one fruit.
 Find the number of different ways in which

(i) six students get one fruit each and out of the remaining two students one gets two mangoes and the
other gets two oranges,

(ii) seven students get one fruit each, and the other student gets three mangoes,

(iii) seven students get one fruit each, and the other student gets three fruits.

4 (2 r +7) A B
for r ∈ Z . Also, let f ( r )= +
+¿¿ +¿¿
(b) Let U r = for r ∈ Z , where A and
( 2r + 1 )( 2 r +3 ) ( 2r +5) (2 r +1) (2 r +3)
B are real constants. Determine the values of A and B such that U r =f ( r )−f (r +1) for r ∈ Z +¿¿.
n
4 3 1
Hence or otherwise, show that ∑ U r= − + for n ∈ Z +¿. ¿
r=1 5 2n+ 3 2 n+5
∞
Deduce that the infinite series ∑ U r is convergent and find its sum.
r=1

∞
Hence, find the value of the real constant k such that ∑ (U ¿ ¿ r + kU r +1)=1.¿
r=1

13. (a) Let A= ( a1 a+2

−2
). Show that A −1
exists for all a ∈ R .

The matrices P= (10 01−1

−2 )
,Q=(
−1 7 4 )
2 32
∧R=( ) are such that A=PQ + R .
13
24
T

Show that a=1.

For this value of a , write down A−1 and hence, find the values of x and y such that A ( xy)=(−5
10 )
.

(b) Let z , w ∈C . Show that z z =¿ z ¿2 and hence, show that ¿ z +w ¿ 2=¿ z ¿2 +2 ℜ ( z w ) +¿ w ¿2 .

Deduce that ¿ z +w ¿ 2+¿ z−w ¿2=2 ¿ and give a geometric interpretation for it when the points
representing z , w and 0 in the Argand diagram are non-collinear.

π
(c ) Let z=−1+ √ 3 i . Express z in the form r ¿ where r >0 and <θ< π .
2
+¿¿
Let z n=a n +ib n ,where a n , b n ∈ R for n ∈ Z . Write down ℜ¿) in terms of a m ,, a n , b m and b n for
+¿ .¿
m , n∈ Z

m +n 2π
Considering z m+ n and using De Moivre's theorem, show that a m an−b m bn=2 cos ( m+n ) , for
3
+¿ .¿
m , n∈ Z

14. (a) Let f ( x )=

2 x+ 3 for x ≠−2.
¿¿

Show that f ' ( x ) ,the derivative of f ( x ) , is given by f ' ( x )= −2(x +1) for x ≠−2.
¿¿

Hence, find the interval on which f ( x ) isincreasing and the intervals on which f (x) is decreasing.
 Also, find the coordinates of the turning point of f ( x ) .

It is given that f ' ( x )=

2(2 x+1) for x ≠−2. Find the coordinates of the point of inflection of the graph of
¿¿
y=f ( x ) .

Sketch the graph of y=f (x ) indicating the asymptotes, the turning point and the point of inflection.

State the smallest value of k for which f (x) is one-one on [k , ∞ ¿ .

(b ) The shaded region shown in the figure is of area 45 m2 .It is

obtained by removing a rectangle of length x m and width
y m from a rectangle of length 3 x m and width 2 y m. Show
that the perimeter L m of the shaded region is given by
54
L=6 x + for x >0.
x

Find the value of x such that L is minimum.

15. (a) Find the values of the constants A , B and C such that

x 2+ x+2=A ( x 2+ x +1 ) + ( Bx+ C ) (x +1) for all x ∈ R .

2 2
x + x+2 x + x+ 2
Hence, write down 2 in partial fractions and find ∫ 2 dx .
( x + x +1 ) (x +1) ( x + x+1 ) (x+ 1)
π
π
( )
2
2
(b) Show that 1+sin 2 x=2 cos −x and hence, show that 1
4 ∫ 1+sin 2x
dx=1.
0

π
2 2
2
π x
Let I = x cos 2 x ¿ Using integration by parts, show that I = +J , where J=∫
2
(c ) ∫ dx .
¿¿ 8 1+sin 2 x 0
0

a a
π
Using the relation ∫ f ( x ) dx=∫ f ( a−x ) dx and the result in ( b ) , evaluate J and show that I = ( 2−π ) .
0 0
8

16. Let P ≡( x0 , y 0 ) and l be the straight line given by ax +by + c=0. Show that the perpendicular distance from P to
¿
l is ¿ ax 0 +by 0 + c∨ .¿
√ a + b2
2

Let l 1 and l 2 be two straight line given by 4 x−3 y +8=0 and 3 x−4 y +13=0 , respectively.
Show that l 1 and l 2 intersect at A ≡ ( 1 , 4 ) .

Also, show that the parametic equation of the bisector of the acute angle between l 1 and l 2 can be written as x=t
and y=t+3 , where t ∈ R .

Hence, show that the equation of any circle touching both straight lines l 1 and l 2 , and lying in the region between
l 1 and l 2 that contains the acute angle, is given by ¿ where t ∈ R and t ≠ 1.

From among the above circles, find the equations of the circles that intersect the circle centered at A of radius 1,
orthogonally.
17. (a) Write down cos ⁡( A+ B) in terms of cos A ,cos B , sin A and sin B , and obtain a similar expression for
sin ( A−B ) .

Let k ∈ R and k ≠ 1. By separately considering the cases k > 1 and k < 1, express

( ) π π
2 k cos θ+ +2 sin(θ− ¿ )¿in the form Rcos ( θ+ α ) , where R(¿ 0) in terms of k , and α (0< α <2 π )
3 6
are real constants to be determined.

Hence, solve 2 k cos θ+ ( π3 )+2 sin(θ− π6 ¿)=|k −1|. ¿

(b) In the quadrilateral ABCD shown in the figure
AB=2 p ,CD=4 p , A C ^ B= π and
6
^ D=α . Show that AD 2=16 p 2 ¿
A ^B C= A C

Hence, show that if AD=4 p ,then α =tan−1 ( 2 ) .

( ¿ x )+ tan
2
π for x >1.
(c ) Solve, tan −1 3 −1
( ¿ x )+ tan−1 ( ¿ x 2 )=
2