Tata Motors

Tata Motors Limited is an Indian multinational automotive company, headquartered in Mumbai and
part of the Tata Group. The company produces cars, trucks, vans, and buses.[7]

Subsidiaries include British Jaguar Land Rover and South Korean Tata Daewoo. Tata Motors has
joint ventures with Hitachi (Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery) and Stellantis, which makes
vehicle parts for Fiat Chrysler and Tata-branded vehicles.

Tata Motors has auto manufacturing and vehicle plants in Jamshedpur, Pantnagar, Lucknow,
Sanand, Dharwad, and Pune in India, as well as in Argentina, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and
Thailand. It has research and development centers in Pune, Jamshedpur, Lucknow, Dharwad, India
and South Korea, the United Kingdom, and Spain. Tata Motors is listed on the BSE and NSE, and is a
constituent of the BSE SENSEX and NIFTY 50 benchmark indices. The company is ranked 265th on
the Fortune Global 500 list of the world's biggest corporations as of 2019.[8]

On 17 January 2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was appointed chairman of the company Tata
Group. Tata Motors increased its UV market share to over 8% in FY2019.[9]

History

Tata Sierra (1991-2000)

Tata Sumo (1994–2019)

Tata Motors was founded in 1945, as a locomotive manufacturer. Tata Group entered the
commercial vehicle sector in 1954 after forming a joint venture with Mercedes-Benz of Germany in
which Tata developed a manufacturing facility in Jamshedpur for Daimler lorries.[10] By November
1954 Tata and Daimler manufactured their first goods carrier chassis at their Jamshedpur plant
with 90-100 hp and capacity of 3-5 tons.[11]
 Tata Motors Limited

Tata Indica (first generation)

Tata launched the Indica in 1998. A newer version

of the car, named Indica V2, later appeared. Tata
Motors also exported cars to South Africa.[12]

In 1999 , Tata motors had a setback and decided

to sell the car business. US auto giant Ford was
seen an ideal candidate. Officials from US came
to Bombay house and had a meeting with Tata.
Headquarters in Mumbai
During the meeting at the Tata headquarters,
American company evinced interest in buying out Formerly Tata Engineering and
Locomotive
the business. To take the deal forward, Ratan Tata Company Ltd.
and his team flew to Detroit to meet with the ford (TELCO)
CEO Bill ford. The meeting lasted for three hours. Public
Company type
During the meeting ford humiliated Tata by saying
that he should have started Tata motors when he Traded as BSE: 500570 (https://
www.bseindia.com/s
didn’t have a clue about manufacturing cars. tock-share-price/x/y/
Recalling the incident Tata group veteran Praveen 500570/)
Kadle who was in the meeting said , “ They told NSE: TATAMOTORS
(https://www.nseindi
us, ‘ you do not know anything about passenger a.com/get-quotes/eq
cars, why did you start the business at all? We are uity?symbol=TATAM
OTORS)
doing a favor by buying your car division “[13][14]
BSE SENSEX
constituent
Which made Ratan Tata to step back from the NSE NIFTY 50
deal and concentrate on the Tata motors car constituent
division.[15][16]
ISIN IN9155A01020 (http
s://isin.toolforge.or
Later in 2008 , during the Great Recession, ford g/?language=en&isin
was verging on bankruptcy. Tata offered to buy =IN9155A01020)

their Land Rover and Jaguar for $2.3 billion. ford Industry Automotive
chairperson thanked Tata by saying ‘ you are
Founded 1945
doing us a big favor by buying JLR” [17][18]

Founder J. R. D. Tata
In the 2000s, Tata Motors made a series of
acquisitions and partnerships, acquiring Headquarters Mumbai,
Daewoo's South Korea-based truck Maharashtra, India[1]

manufacturing unit,[19] a joint venture with the Area served Worldwide

[20]
Brazil-based Marcopolo, Tata Marcopolo Bus,
Key people Natarajan
Jaguar Land Rover.,[21][22][23][24] Hispano Chandrasekaran
Carrocera,[25] and an 80% stake in the Italian (Chairman)
design and engineering company Trilix.[26] P. B. Balaji (CFO)[2]

Products Automobiles
On 12 October 2021, private equity firm TPG Luxury vehicles
invested $1 billion in Tata Motors' electric vehicle Commercial vehicles
subsidiary.[27] Automotive parts
Pickup trucks
SUVs
Operations
Production output 1.1 million (2021)

Tata Motors has vehicle assembly operations in Services Vehicle leasing

India, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Thailand, Vehicle service

Spain, and South Africa. It plans to establish Revenue ₹443,877 crore

plants in Turkey, Indonesia, and Eastern Europe. (US$53 billion)
(2024)[3]

Operating income ₹28,232 crore

Tata Motors Cars (US$3.4 billion)
(2024)[3]
Tata Motors Cars is a division of Tata Motors
Net income ₹31,806 crore
which produces passenger cars under the Tata (US$3.8 billion)
Motors hood. Tata Motors is among the top five (2024)[3]

passenger vehicle brands in India with products in Total assets ₹370,663 crore
the compact, midsize car, and utility vehicle (US$44 billion)
(2024)[4]
segments.[28] The company's manufacturing base
in India is spread across Jamshedpur Total equity ₹93,093 crore
(US$11 billion)
(Jharkhand), Pune (Maharashtra), Lucknow (Uttar
(2024)[4]
Pradesh), Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), Dharwad
Number of 91,811 (2024)[5]
(Karnataka) and Sanand (Gujarat). Tata's employees
dealership, sales, service, and spare parts
Parent Tata Group
network comprise over 3,500 touchpoints.[28] Tata
Motors has more than 250 dealerships in more Subsidiaries Tata Motors Cars
than 195 cities across 27 states and four Union Jaguar Land Rover
Tata Daewoo
Territories of India.[29] It has the third-largest
Tata Marcopolo
sales and service network after Maruti Suzuki and Tata Technologies
Hyundai. Tata Hispano
Tata Hitachi
Tata also has franchisee/joint venture assembly Construction
Machinery
operations in Kenya, Bangladesh, Ukraine, Russia,
and Senegal.[30] Tata has dealerships in 26 Rating S&P BB/Stable[6]

countries across 4 continents.[31] Tata is present Website tatamotors.com (http

in many countries, it has managed to create a s://www.tatamotors.c
om/)
large consumer base in the Indian subcontinent,
namely India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka (htt
p://www.tatamotors.lk/) and Nepal. Tata is also present in Italy,[32] Spain,[33] Poland,[34]
Romania,[35] Turkey,[36] Chile,[37] South Africa,[38] Oman, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab
Emirates, Bahrain, Iraq, Syria and Australia.
Tata Daewoo

Tata LPT Trucks made at overseas

plants

Tata Daewoo (officially Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicle Company and formerly Daewoo
Commercial Vehicle Company) is a commercial vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Gunsan,
Jeollabuk-do South Korea, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors. It is the second-largest
heavy commercial vehicle manufacturer in South Korea and was acquired by Tata Motors in 2004.
The principal reasons behind the acquisition were to reduce Tata's dependence on the Indian
commercial vehicle market (which was responsible for around 94% of its sales in the MHCV
segment and around 84% in the light commercial vehicle segment) and expand its product portfolio
by leveraging on Daewoo's strengths in the heavy-tonnage sector.

Tata Motors has jointly worked with Tata Daewoo to develop trucks such as Novus and World Truck
and buses including GloBus and StarBus. In 2012, Tata began developing a new line to manufacture
competitive and fuel-efficient commercial vehicles to face the competition posed by the entry of
international brands such as Mercedes-Benz, Volvo, and Navistar into the Indian market.[39]

Tata Hispano

Tata Hispano Motors Carrocera, S.A. was a bus and coach manufacturer based in Zaragoza, Aragon,
Spain, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors. Tata Hispano has plants in Zaragoza, Spain,
and Casablanca, Morocco. Tata Motors first acquired a 21% stake in Hispano Carrocera SA in
2005,[40] and purchased the remaining 79% for an undisclosed sum in 2009, making it a fully owned
subsidiary, subsequently renamed Tata Hispano. In 2013, Tata Hispano ceased production at its
Zaragoza plant.[41][42]

TML Drivelines

TML Drivelines Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors engaged in the manufacture of
gearboxes and axles for heavy and medium commercial vehicles. It has production facilities at
Jamshedpur and Lucknow. TML Forge division is also a recent acquisition of TML Drivelines. TML
Drivelines was formed through the merger of HV Transmission and HV Axles.

Tata Technologies

Tata Technologies Limited (TTL) is a 43%-owned subsidiary of Tata Motors which provides design,
engineering, and business process outsourcing services to the automotive industry. It is
headquartered in Pune's Hinjawadi business district and also has operations in London, Detroit and
Thailand. Its clients include Ford, General Motors, Honda, and Toyota.
The British engineering and design services company Incat International, which specialises in
engineering and design services and product lifecycle management in the automotive, aerospace,
and engineering sectors, is a wholly owned subsidiary of TTL. It was acquired by TTL in August
2005 for ₹4 billion.

In 2017, TAL, a subsidiary of Tata Motors, manufactured India's first industrial articulated robot for
micro, small, and medium enterprises.[42]

European Technical Centre

The Tata Motors European Technical Centre (TMETC) is an automotive design, engineering, and
research company based at WMG, University of Warwick on the campus of the University of
Warwick in England. It was established in 2005 and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors. It
was the joint developer of the World Truck.[43]

In September 2013, it was announced that a new National Automotive Innovation Campus would be
built at WMG at Warwick's main campus at a cost of £100 million.[44][45] The initiative will be a
partnership between Tata Motors, the university, and Jaguar Land Rover, with £30 million in funding
coming from Tata Motors.[46]

Tata Marcopolo

A Tata Marcopolo bus in use in

Chandigarh, India

Tata Marcopolo is a bus-manufacturing company which was established as a joint venture between
Tata Motors (51%) and the Brazil-based Marcopolo S.A. (49%). The company manufactures and
assembles fully built buses and coaches targeted at developing mass rapid transportation systems.
It uses technology and expertise in chassis and aggregates from Tata Motors, and know-how in
processes and systems for bodybuilding and bus body design from Marcopolo. Tata Marcopolo's
low-floor city bus is widely used by transport corporations in many Indian cities. Its manufacturing
facility is based in Dharwad, Karnataka State, India and Lucknow, India.

In December 2020, Marcopolo and Tata Motors came to an agreement, whereby Tata Motors would
purchase the 49 percent stake held by Marcopolo in the bus-making joint venture for ₹100 crore,
bringing curtains to the 14-year old partnership and paving the way for a smooth exit for the
Brazilian company. The deal was completed on August 29, 2022.[47] The deal allowed Tata Motors to
continue using the ‘Marcopolo’ trademark for a minimum of three years with a non-compete
provision in India for a corresponding period.
Subsidiaries

Jaguar Land Rover

Range Rover (L405)

Land Rover Defender

Jaguar Land Rover PLC is a premium British automaker headquartered in Whitley, Coventry, United
Kingdom, and has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Motors since June 2008, when it was
acquired from Ford Motor Company of USA.[48] Its principal activity is the development,
manufacture and sale of Jaguar luxury and sports cars and Land Rover premium four-wheel-drive
vehicles.

Jaguar Land Rover has two design centres and three assembly plants in the United Kingdom. Under
Tata ownership, Jaguar Land Rover has launched new vehicles including the Range Rover Evoque,
Jaguar F-Type, the Jaguar XE, the Jaguar XJ (X351), the second-generation Range Rover Sport, and
Jaguar XF, the fourth-generation Land Rover Discovery, Range Rover Velar and the Range Rover
(L405).

Land Rover Discovery Sport

JD Power, of the US, rates Land Rover and Jaguar as the two worst brands for initial quality. [49] The
Jaguar F-Pace made Consumer Reports February 2019 list of the 10 Least Reliable Cars. The
editors cited "electronics, drive system, power equipment, noises and leaks" as problematic
aspects.[50]

The Jaguar Land Rover subsidiary was struggling by 2019 and Tata Motors wrote down its
investment in JLR by $3.9 billion. Much of the financial problem was due to a 50% drop in sales in
China during 2019, although the situation was improving. Still, Tata was open to considering a
partnership with another company according to a statement in mid-October, as long as the
partnership agreement would allow Tata to maintain control of the business. The company ruled out
the possibility of a sale of JLR to another entity.[51]

In July 2023, Tata announced its plans to invest £4 billion to build an electric car battery factory in
the UK, which will be one of the largest of its kind in Europe.[52][53][54] The factory will be the
company's first battery production facility outside India.[54] Located in Bridgwater, Somerset, the
factory will supply Jaguar Land Rover's future battery electric models, including the Range Rover,
Defender, Discovery and Jaguar brands, with the potential to also supply other car
manufacturers.[42] Production at the new facility is due to start in 2026.

Joint ventures

Fiat-Tata

Fiat-Tata is an India-based joint venture between Tata and Stellantis' Fiat which produces Jeep and
Tata branded passenger cars, as well as engines and transmissions. Tata Motors has gained access
to Fiat's diesel engine and transmission technology through the joint venture.[55]

The two companies formerly also had a distribution joint venture through which Fiat products were
sold in India through joint Tata-Fiat dealerships. This distribution arrangement was ended in March
2013; Stellantis cars have since been distributed in India by Fiat Automobiles India Limited, a wholly
owned subsidiary of Stellantis.[56][57]

Tata Motors European Technical Centre

In September 2013 it was announced that a new National Automotive Innovative Campus would be
built at WMG at Warwick's main campus at a cost of 92 million pounds.[58] The initiative will be a
partnership between Tata Motors, the university, and Jaguar Land Rover, with the 30 million pounds
in funding coming from Tata Motors.[59]

Hyundai-Tata

Tata Motors and Hyundai are in a joint venture to provide the automatic transmission for Tata Safari
& Tata Harrier model.[60]

Products

For details of Land Rover and Jaguar products, see Jaguar Land Rover.
Passenger vehicles

Current Models

Model Year of Introduction

Hatchback

Tata Tiago 2016[61]

Tata Altroz 2020

Sedan

Tata Tigor 2016

SUV/Crossover

Tata Punch 2021

Tata Nexon 2017

Tata Curvv 2024

Tata Harrier 2018

Tata Safari 2021

Electric

Tata Nexon EV 2020

Tata Tigor EV 2021

Tata Tiago EV 2022

Tata Punch EV 2024

Tata Curvv EV 2024

Commercial vehicles
Tata Ace
Tata Ace Zip

Tata Ace EV

Tata Super Ace

Tata Ace Mega

Tata Intra
Tata Intra V10

Tata Intra V20

Tata Intra V30

Tata Intra V50

Tata Xenon XT

Tata Yodha

Tata Iris

Tata TL/Telcoline/207 Pick-up truck

Tata 407 Ex and Ex2

Tata 709 Ex
 Tata 807 (Steel cabin chassis, cowl chassis, medium bus chassis, steel cabin + steel body
chassis)

Tata 809 Ex and Ex2

Tata 909 Ex and Ex2

Tata 1210 SE and SFC (Semi Forward)

Tata 1210 LP (Long Plate)

Tata 1109 (Intermediate truck/ LCV bus)

Tata 1512c (Medium bus chassis)

Tata 1515c/1615 (Medium bus chassis)

Tata 1612c/1616c/1618c (Heavy bus chassis)

Tata 1618 (Semilow-floor bus chassis)

Tata 1623 (Rear-engined low-floor bus chassis)

Tata 1518C (Medium truck) 10 ton

Tata 1613/1615c (Medium truck)

Tata 1616/1618c (Heavy duty truck)

Tata 2515c/2516c/2518c (Heavy duty 10-wheeler truck)

Tata Starbus (Branded buses for city, intercity, school bus, and standard passenger
transportation)

Tata Divo (Hispano Divo)

Tata CityRide (12- to 20-seater buses for intracity use)

Tata 3015 (Heavy truck)

Tata 3118 (Heavy truck) (8×2)

Tata 3516 (Heavy truck)

Tata 4018 (Heavy truck)

Tata 4923 (Ultraheavy truck) (6×4)

Tata Novus

Tata Prima

Tata SIGNA series

Tata Ultra series (ICV Segment)

Tata Winger - (Maxivan)

Electric vehicles

Tata Motors has unveiled electric versions of the Tata Indica passenger car powered by TM4
electric motors and inverters,[62] as well as the Tata Ace commercial vehicle, both of which run on
lithium batteries which launched in 2022.

In 2008 Tata Motors' UK subsidiary, Tata Motors European Technical Centre, bought a 50.3% holding
in electric vehicle technology firm Miljøbil Grenland/Innovasjon of Norway for US$1.93 million, and
planned to launch the electric Indica hatchback in Europe the following year.[63][64][65] In September
2010, Tata Motors presented four CNG–Electric Hybrid low-floored Starbuses to the Delhi Transport
Corporation, to be used during the 2010 Commonwealth Games. These were the first
environmentally friendly buses to be used for public transportation in India.

In December 2019, Tata Motors unveiled the Nexon EV, an SUV with a 30.2KWh lithium-ion battery
and a consistent range of 312 km on a single charge. It is also equipped with fast charging
technology, which can charge the vehicle from 0% - 80% in 60 minutes.[66]

Tata Passenger Electric Mobility is a subsidiary which produces electric cars under the brand name
Tata Motors.[67]

List of Tata electric vehicles:

Tata Curvv.EV

Tata Nexon EV

Tata Tigor EV

Tata Altroz EV

Tata Tiago EV

Tata Ace EV

Tata Punch EV[68]

Electric Vehicle Concepts

Tata Avinya

Tata EVision

Harrier.ev

Sierra.ev[69]

Discontinued Models
Tata Telcoline (1988–2010)

Tata Sierra (1991–2003)

Tata Estate (1992–2000)

Tata Sumo (1994–2019)

Tata Indica (1998–2015)

Tata Spacio (2000-2011)

Tata Indigo (2002–2015)

Tata Indigo Marina (2006–2009)

Tata Xenon (2007–2018)

Tata Sumo Grande (2008–2016)

Tata Vista (2008–2015)

Tata Nano (2008–2018)

Tata Manza (2011–2016)[70]

 Tata Venture (2010–2017)

Tata Aria (2010–2017)

Tata Zest (2014–2020)

Tata Bolt (2014–2019)

Tata Hexa (2017–2020)

Notable vehicles

Tata Nano

Tata Nano is often cited as the

world's most affordable car

The Nano was launched in 2009 as a city car intended to appeal as an affordable alternative to the
section of the Indian populace that is primarily the owner of motorcycles and has not bought their
first car. Initially priced at ₹100,000 (US$1,500), the vehicle attracted a lot of attention for its
relatively low price. However, the Nano was very poorly rated for safety[71][72] and in 2018, Cyrus
Mistry, chairman of the Tata Group, called the Tata Nano a failed project, with production ending in
May 2018.[73]

Tata Ace

Tata Super Ace

Tata Ace, India's first indigenously developed sub-one-ton minitruck, was launched in May 2005. The
minitruck was a huge success in India with auto analysts claiming that Ace had changed the
dynamics of the light commercial vehicle (LCV) market in the country by creating a new market
segment termed the small commercial vehicle segment. Ace rapidly emerged as the first choice for
transporters and single truck owners for city and rural transport.

By October 2005, LCV sales of Tata Motors had grown by 36.6% to 28,537 units due to the rising
demand for Ace. The Ace was built with a load body produced by Autoline Industries.[74]

By 2005, Autoline was producing 300 load bodies per day for Tata Motors. Ace is still a top seller for
TML with 500,000 units sold by June 2010.[75] In 2011, Tata Motors invested Rs 1000 crore in
Dharwad Plant, Karnataka, with the capacity of 90,000 units annually and launched two models of
0.5-T capacity as Tata Ace Zip, Magic Iris.[76] Ace has also been exported to several Asian,
European, South American, and African countries and all-electric models are sold through Polaris
Industries' Global Electric Motorcars division. In Sri Lanka, it is sold through Diesel & Motor
Engineering (DIMO) PLC under the name of DIMO Batta.

Tata Prima

A Tata Prima 4928.S in Assam, India

Tata Prima is a range of heavy trucks first introduced in 2008 as the company's 'global' truck. Tata
Prima was the winner of the 'Commercial Vehicle of the Year' at the Apollo Commercial Vehicles
Awards, 2010 and 2012.

Tata 407

A Tata 407 being used as water truck

The Tata 407 is a light commercial vehicle (LCV) that has sold over 500,000 units since its launch in
1986.[77] In India, this vehicle dominates market share of the LCV category, accounting for close to
75% of LCV sales. The 407 model range includes trucks, tippers, pick-ups and vehicles for agri/food
products, construction, light mining and services.[78]

Tata Harrier

Tata Harrier

Tata Harrier is a 5-seater SUV that rivals the MG Hector and Jeep Compass. This car uses the
engine from Fiat which is a 2.0 L-4 cylinder turbocharged diesel motor and transmission from
Hyundai which is a 6-speed, available in both manual and automatic. Tata Harrier is derived from the
H5X Concept displayed at the 2018 Auto Expo. It was launched on 23 January 2019.[79]
The car is a C-segment crossover SUV based on the OmegaArc platform, an essentially re-
engineered version of the Jaguar Land Rover D8 platform.[80] A petrol variant of the Harrier is
confirmed to launch in 2022–23.[81]

Tata Harrier is also available in Nepal with the name H5.

Tata Nexon

Tata Nexon

The Tata Nexon is a subcompact crossover SUV produced by Tata Motors since 2017. It is the first
crossover SUV from Tata Motors, and occupies the sub-4 metre crossover SUV segment in India.[82]
The electric version of the Nexon was revealed on 19 December 2019. The Nexon EV uses
components from Tata Motors' electric vehicle technology brand Ziptron. The electric motor
produces 94.7 kW (127 hp; 129 PS) and 245 N⋅m (181 lbf⋅ft) of torque and 0 - 100 under 9.9
seconds. It has a 30.2 kWh battery with an ARAI rated range of up to 312 km.[83]

The battery can be fully charged in under 8 hours using a complimentary AC charger. It can also be
charged using a 15-ampere power cable that can be used at any place with the necessary power
socket. DC 25 kW fast charging can be used to charge the battery from 0 to 80% in 1 hour.[84]

Restructuring

In March 2024, Tata Motors announced plans to undergo a significant restructuring by splitting into
two separate listed entities. This strategic move aims to enhance operational efficiencies and focus
on distinct business segments. The demerger is expected to allow each entity to pursue tailored
growth strategies and attract specific investor bases. The announcement was well-received by the
market, with Tata Motors' stock experiencing a notable jump following the news.[85][86][87]

See also

List of companies of India

List of largest companies by revenue

List of corporations by market capitalisation

Make in India

Forbes Global 2000

Fortune India 500

Automotive industry in India

Tata Revotron engine

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External links

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