Proponents of this theory believe that a “master clock” controls all organs and that cellular function

slows down with time and becomes less efficient at repairing body malfunctions that are caused by
environmental assaults:

Wear and Tear Theory

Nurse Ikay provides hands-on care to older adults in a variety of setting. She is performing what role of
a gerontologic nurse?

Provider of Care

Chief Nurse Lady balances the concerns of the patient, family, nursing, and the rest of the
interdisciplinary team. She is practicing the role of a:

Manager

Nurse Anna uses evidence-based practice by putting into practice the results of reliable and valid
studies. In doing so, she exemplifies the responsibility of a:

Research Consumer

As a gerontologic nurse, nurse Sandra uses knowledge gained from aging theories in order to provide
the elderly the following considerations with the exception of:

Facilitate best practices to cure chronic illnesses.

Medical specialty that deals with the physiology, diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting aging
adult.

Geriatrics

Demographics is a statistical study of human population. One important factors of demographics is life
expectancy, the average number of years that a person can be expected to live. All are factors related
to the increase of life expectancy: (all of the choices.)

Advancement of technology related to healthcare

Focused on Primary Health Care related to prevention of diseases

CUEVAS, MK.
Tallie has been staying in a nursing home facility since her retirement. Lately, the nursing home staff
noticed Karen has beginning signs of depression. She is observed sitting alone in the dining room and
most of the time does not finish her meal. Which of the following nursing measures would be the
MOST appropriate?

Offer small frequent meals and sit with the client while she eats in the dining room

Which of the following is the best intervention to help decrease stress and abuse to elderly client? (all)

Create a positive team environment with full staffing levels; convey true respect and appreciation for the
work every team member does

Institute a “get to know the resident” program, whereby on a monthly basis, one resident is featured,
with accomplishments from his or her past. Team members may be surprised to learn that the
dependent older adult they now care for once served as an elite military Special Forces member, raised
twelve children, volunteered as a docent at the local aquarium, or played in a rock band

According to the statement published by the ANA, all are purposes of a gerontological nursing, except:

Alleviation of suffering

Nursing that focuses on the care of older adult specializes on: (all of the choices)

Nursing needs, Nursing care, Planning, Managing, Implementing and Evaluating care

Nurse Liam assigned to a home care facility, which statements demonstrates the best understanding
that nurse Liam’s role regarding ensuring that each client’s rights are respected?

“Being respectful and concerned will ensure that I’m attentive to my patient’s rights.”

The nurse is doing patient teaching for a 50-year-old woman. Based on the application of the
programmed theory of aging, which brochure is the nurse most likely to offer the patient?

"Perimenopause and Menopause: Most Frequently Asked Questions"

The patient in the clinic tells the nurse she can "feel her biologic clock ticking." The nurse knows the
patient views aging based on which theory?

Programmed theory

CUEVAS, MK.
Which of the following statements is correct when a nurse explains to a 60 year old female patient
about the development of gray hair and atypical skin pigmentation?

Decreased numbers of functional melanocytes

Which of the following statement is correct when a nurse explain that the height loss is related to the
aging changes?

Normally lose almost one-half inch every 10 years after the age of 40.

Which of the following refers to Age-related, exaggerated, forward rounding of the back usually due to
weakness in the spinal bones that causes compression to elderly people?

Kyposis

Which of the following are known as “wear-and-tear ” arthritis because it develops as joints wear
down, allowing the bones to rub against each other, and it is common in elderly people? Select all that
apply

Degenerative joint disease, Osteoarthritis, Joint degeneration

Which of the following common foot problems in older adults is refers to a bony bump that forms on
the joint at the base of the big toe?

Bunions

Which of the following common foot problems in older adults that is characterized by a small and
have a hard center surrounded by inflamed skin and this is painful?

Coms

Which of the following refers to the maximum volume of gas that a person can inhale and exhale per
minute by breathing as quickly and deeply as possible?

Maximal Breathing Capacity

Which of the following refers to the portion of the lungs involved in gas exchange and this is the most
prominent structure in this region is the alveolus, where the exchange of gases takes place?

Lung parenchyma

CUEVAS, MK.
Which of the following refers to the functional unit of the kidney, this structure produces urine in the
process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood?

Nephron

Which of the following statement are TRUE regarding the function of nephron? Select all that apply?

The glomerulus filters the blood, The tubule returns the needed substances to the blood, The tubule
removes wastes.

Which of the following are TRUE about Intelligence? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

The Crystallized intelligence,use past learning and experiences for problem solving.

Fluid intelligence control emotions, it helps the retention of non-intellectual information

Crystallized intelligence, which is the knowledge accumulated over a lifetime

Which of the following are TRUE about the Organ of Corti that would affect the hearing of older
adults? Select all that apply.

It refers to an organ of the inner ear located within the cochlea

The Organ of Corti includes three rows of outer hair cells

The Organ of Corti include one row of inner hair cells.

Which of the following hormone help to stimulates the production of cortisol?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Nurse Rhea is assigned to Patient X who is a 68 years old male residing in home care facility. Rhea is
new to the facility. She would like to prepare a care plan for her patient. She used the comprehensive
geriatric assessment (CGA) tool as her basis. The following are examples of domains covering the CGA,
but one?

Social Environment

CUEVAS, MK.
The best evidence for comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is based on identifying appropriate
patients (ie, excluding patients who are either too well or are too sick to derive benefit). No criteria
have been validated to readily identify patients who are likely to benefit from CGA. Specific criteria
used by CGA programs to identify patients include, but one:

Psychosocial status such as normal cognition

Which of the following would be included in an assessment of a patient's ability to perform

Taking medications, shopping, and meal preparation

You are assessing the functional capacity of your patient with the aid of Katz Index of Independence in
ADL. An example task would measure the functional ability of the patient is to:

Wash the face and hands and comb hair

It is dangerous for a cognitive change to be attributed to the normal aging process because:

This may delay the diagnosis of an underlying disease process.

In older patients, cognitive functioning is especially likely to decline during illness or injury. The nurses’
assessment of an older adult’s cognitive status is instrumental in identifying early changes in
physiological status, ability to learn, and evaluating responses to treatment. An evaluation of total
score of 20 on the Mini Mental State Examination indicates that?

The older adult has a cognitive impairment

Polypharmacy is very common to older patients. When developing a care plan for older adults who
takes in multiple medications, which of the following issues list as the highest priority?

Black tarry stool

A 90-year-old patient comes to the clinic with a family member. During the health history, the patient
isunable to respond to questions in a logical manner. The gerontological nurse’s action is to:

Rephrase the questions slightly, and slowly repeat them in a lower voice.

CUEVAS, MK.
The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client. Which assessment data would indicate
a potential complication associated with the skin?

Crusting

A 65 year old man complains of hearing loss and a sensation of fullness in both ears. The nurse
examines his ears with the understanding that a common cause of hearing loss in older adults is
related to:

Accumulation of cerumen in the external ear canal

The nurse is performing a voice test to assess the hearing of a 65 year old woman. Which of the
following describes the accurate procedure for performing this test?

Whisper a statement and ask the client to repeat it.

Nurse Ratched works in a clinic for individuals with incontinence. She specializes in helping older
clients with incontinence regain bladder control and decrease the incidence of wetting episodes. Mrs.
Valdez is a 65-year-old woman who came to the clinic. After assessment, Nurse Ratched suspects Mrs.
Valdez is experiencing urinary incontinence. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Discuss the need to urinate every 2-3 hours.

Which information would indicate to the nurse that teaching about treatment of urinary incontinence
has been effective?

The client prepares a scheduled voiding plan.

Which among the following can be used as a nursing intervention for clients who are experiencing
presbycusis?

Encourage the patient to admit hearing difficulties to others so that they can improve their method of
communication

Minerva, a 68 y/o mother of six children, she is complaining of leakage of urine every time she coughs.
This type of incontinence results from the sudden increase in the intraabdominal pressure. This is
called;

Stress incontinence

CUEVAS, MK.
Joy, a gerontological nurse, sets up an education session with a 65-year-old female patient who will be
going home with anticoagulant therapy. Which health teaching plan would she consider for this
patient?

Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.

Nurse Vincent is developing the plan of care for an older adult who is hospitalized for an acute illness,
he should:

consider the preadmission functional abilities when setting patient goals.

Based on the following information obtained by the home health nurse when making a visit to an 88-
year-old with mild forgetfulness is of the most concern?

The patient has lost 10 pounds (4.5 kg) during the last month.

Ned, a 77-year-old female client asks nurse Betty to explain to her about hypertension. An appropriate
response nurse Betty as to why older clients often have hypertension is due to:

Accumulation of plaque on arterial walls

The Clinical Instructor asks the nursing students to review changes in older adults, the nursing
students recognize which of the following statements related to cognitive functioning in the older
client is correct?

Reversible systemic disorders are often implicated as a cause of delirium.

Xander, a nurse manager, asked the staff nurse, which of the following nursing interventions should be
taken to help an older client to prevent osteoporosis?

Encourage regular exercise.

Which of the following statements accurately reflects data that the nurse should use in planning care
to meet the needs of the older adult?

Adults older than 65 years of age are the greatest users of prescription medications.

Nurse Lucas is aware that majority of older adults:

Are actively involved in the community

CUEVAS, MK.
An Institutional nurse is performing a physical assessment for an older adult, which of the following
findings would she anticipate as a normal physiological changes of aging?

Increased airway resistance

Henry, a staff nurse who is planning for client education for an older adult being prepared for
discharge home after hospitalization for a cardiac problem. Which nursing action addresses the most
commonly determined need for this age-group?

Encourage the client to use a compartmentalized pill storage container for his daily medications.

An assisted living facility has provided its clients with an educational program on safe administration
of prescribed medications. Which statement made by an older-adult client reflects the best
understanding of safe self-administration of medications?

"I'll be sure to read the inserts if I don't understand something."

Oliver, an Institutional nurse that cares for older adults in their living facility recognizes that a client’s
quality of life needs are best determined by:

A therapeutic nurse-client relationship that facilitates communication

As a student nurse you are aware that the three common conditions affecting cognition in the older
adults are:

Delirium, Depression, Dementia

Olivia, a female client has been recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. As a nurse you should
inform the family about the prognosis of this disease, you must explain that:

It usually progresses gradually with a deterioration of function

As an Institutional nurse, you are aware that the general assessment of an older adult patient is best
performed in which setting?

While assisting a patient with a bath.

CUEVAS, MK.
The following are health promotion/illness prevention strategy for eye care, what should not be
included?

advice the client to avoid dark colors

Aging results in a decreased amount of subcutaneous tissues and a redistribution of fat to the
abdomen and thighs. As a result of loss of padding supplied by subcutaneous tissues, there is greater
risk of?

cold intolerance

A potential nursing diagnosis for the client with presbyopia would be:

Social isolation related to difficulty in color perceptions with family and friends

The decrease in smell in older patients is known as

Hyposmia

A 50 years-old blind and deaf patient has been admitted to your floor. As the charge nurse, your
primary responsibility for this patient is?

Communicate with your supervisor your patient safety concerns

The chief clinical manifestation that the nurse would expect to note in the early stages of cataract
formation is:

Blurred vision

A nurse assigned to administer the prescribed eye drops for a client preparing for cataract surgery.
Which of the following types of eye drops will the nurse expect to be prescribed?

A mydriatic medication

A nurse is assigned to care for a client after a cataract extraction. The nurse plans to position the
client:

Semi-fowler’s

CUEVAS, MK.
A client being discharged from the ambulatory care unit after cataract removal. The nurse reinforces
instructions regarding home care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates effective
teaching?

“I will not lift anything if it weighs more than 10 pounds”

A nurse notes that the physician has documented a diagnosis of presbycusis on the client’s chart. The
nurse understands that this condition is most accurately described as:

A sensorineural hearing loss that occurs with aging

The age-related change in vision as a result of lens losing its elasticity

Presbyopia

A 73-year-old client is being evaluated for a hearing impairment. Which question would be most
appropriate to provide the most useful information?

"Are you having difficulty hearing high-frequency sounds?"

A client who is complaining of tinnitus is describing a symptom that is:

Subjective

A client with glaucoma asks the nurse if complete vision will return. The most appropriate response is:

Although some vision has been lost and can’t be restored, further loss may be prevented by adhering to
the treatment

The patient with arthritis will have periodic exacerbations of painful joint inflammation acute episodes
treated with:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and colchicine

CUEVAS, MK.