A

REPORT ON

Situational Motivational Scale ( SIMS )

(As a requirement for the partial fulfillment of BSW 2nd year practical for Social Work

practice, BSW 424)

Submitted To

Orchid International College Department of Social Work

Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal

Submitted by

Sandip Magar

BSW 2nd Year

Symbol Number:

T.U Registration Number:

Chaitra 2078
 Recommendation Letter

The report entitled “Situational Motivation Scale ” at the Department of Social

Work is compiled by Sandip Magar under my guidance and supervision, therefore

forwarded to external viva.

Mr.

Lecturer
 Approval Letter

This term paper submitted by Sandip Magar of BSW 2nd year, as a part of his

practical requirement of the session 2080, has been approved by the Department of Social

Work, Orchid International College, Gaushala, Kathmandu.

Mr. Anush Subedi Mr.

Coordinator Lecturer

BASW Department

Internal Supervisor External Supervisor

 Acknowledgment Letter

First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to the college administration to

enable me to complete this practical on ‘Situational Motivational Scale’. Successful

completion of any type of project requires help from several persons. I have also taken help

from different people for the preparation of this report, now there is a little effort to show

my deep gratitude to that helpful person.

I convey my sincere gratitude to my Academic supervisor Mr. Anush Subedi,

BSW coordinator of Orchid international college. Without his kind direction and

guidance completion of this essay successfully wouldn’t be possible. I would also like to

thank my college mates who also helped me a lot during the process of the interview.

Lastly, I would like to thank all my family members for encouraging me and

providing all necessary materials needed for the successful completion of the essay.

Sandip Magar

BSW 2nd year

 Table of Contents

Contents page no.

Cover Page i

Letter of recommendation ii

Approval Letter iii

Acknowledgments iv

Table of Contents v-vi

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Background of the study 1-3

1.2 Objective of the study 3

1.3 Importance of the study 3

1.4 Limitation of the study 4

Chapter 2: Literature Review 5 -6

Chapter 3: Methodology

3.1 Universe of the study 7

3.2 Tools of the study 7

3.3 Method of study 7

Chapter 4: Group Activities and Analysis of finding

4.1 Formation of Group 8-9

 4.2 Identification of Group’s Problems 9-10

4.3 Participant’s Role & Activities of the days 10

4.4 Contribution of group workers 11

4.5 Coping Mechanism Applied 11-12

4.6 Findings 12-13

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Conclusion 14

5.2 Recommendation 14

5.3 Social Work Intervention 14-16

Chapter 6: References 17

Annex

Annex 1: Questionnaires

Annex 2: Photos
 Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Background of the study

In this report, we explore both Sirubari Village in Pokhara, Nepal, and the Situational
Motivational Scale (SIMS), focusing on how the scale was applied to understand motivation
in the village's community.Sirubari Village, nestled near Pokhara, is celebrated for its
natural beauty and Gurung culture. It offers visitors a chance to experience authentic
traditions and warm hospitality. Through community-based tourism, travelers engage in
cultural activities, stay with local families, and contribute to the village's development.
Meanwhile, the Situational Motivational Scale (SIMS) is a tool used to assess motivation
within specific situations. It measures different types of motivation such as intrinsic
(internal satisfaction), extrinsic (external rewards), and amotivation (lack of motivation).
Applied in Sirubari Village, the SIMS helped researchers understand what motivates locals
to participate in tourism activities, how their cultural values influence motivation, and how
tourism impacts community development.This report details how the SIMS was
administered in Sirubari Village, its findings on motivation dynamics, and implications for
sustainable tourism and community well-being.

Examining situational motivation in Sirubari Village helps to evaluate how tourism impacts
socio-economic development within the community. Positive motivations, such as cultural
pride and economic empowerment through tourism, contribute to improved infrastructure,
educational opportunities, and healthcare facilities. Understanding these dynamics informs
strategies to promote greater community engagement and sustainable tourism practices.
Overall, the SIMS provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between tourists
and locals in Sirubari Village, guiding efforts towards fostering cultural preservation,
community development, and responsible tourism.

The study in Sirubari village, Nepal, will utilize the Situational Motivational Scale (SIMS)
to explore the motivational factors influencing community engagement and development
initiatives. Sirubari, located in the Syangja district of Nepal, is renowned for its community-
based tourism and sustainable development efforts. The SIMS tool, known for its
effectiveness in assessing motivational dynamics across diverse contexts, will be employed
to understand how local residents' motivations vary across different community projects and
activities. This research aims to uncover insights into whether intrinsic factors such as
personal fulfillment and communal pride, or extrinsic factors such as economic incentives
and social recognition, play a more significant role in driving participation and commitment
to community development initiatives. By examining these motivational drivers, the study
seeks to provide practical recommendations for enhancing community involvement and
sustainability in Sirubari village, thereby contributing to broader efforts in rural
development and community empowerment in Nepal.

1.2

i. To learn to work in groups

ii. To analyze the living standard of Gurung community

iii. To know the impact of homestay in Gurung community

1.3 Research Questions

i. What Drives people to their growth and development ?

ii. What measures can be taken to boost peoples motivation ?

.4 Research objectives

i. To study how people of Sirubari are motivated to do daily activities and how they
deal with certain situations.
ii. To understand what drives people of sirubari on cultural and tourism activities.
iii. To identify motivation behind community members behaviours and aware about
their strengths.
1.5 Rationale and justification of the study

The Situational Motivational Scale (SIMS) is done within community settings to deeply
understand what motivates individuals in their specific contexts.Understanding and
identifying individuals motivation in a community helps to identify their strength and
weakness which in turn lead to their growth and well-being.Communities have unique
cultural, social, and environmental contexts that shape individuals' motivations and
behaviors. The SIMS helps Case workers understand these specific contexts by assessing
why community members engage in certain activities or behaviour and let them be aware
about their strength and weakness.
 Chapter 2

Literature Review

The SIMS is designed to assess the constructs of intrinsic motivation, identified regulation,
external regulation, and amotivation (E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan, 1985, 1991) in field and
laboratory settings. Five studies were conducted to develop and validate the SIMS. Overall,
results show that the SIMS is composed of 4 internally consistent factors. The construct
validity of the scale is also supported by correlations with other constructs as postulated by
current theories. Moreover, the SIMS is responsive to experimental induction as evidenced
by data gathered through a laboratory study. In sum, the SIMS represents a brief and
versatile self-report measure of situational intrinsic motivation, identified regulation,
external regulation, and amotivation.

The specificity hypothesis postulated by Vallerand’s (Vallerand, 1997) hierarchical

model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. This hypothesis states that situational
motivation toward an activity is related to the contextual motivation relevant to this
activity. For example, in the present study, motivation at a point in time toward a
specific academic activity was related to a general motivational orientation in the
school context. These results suggest that students who, in general, perform their
school activities out of choice and pleasure will also show a tendency to perform
a situational school activity with these same motivational processes.

The behavioral measure, namely the free-choice measure, has been exten-
sively used in laboratory research in psychology (e.g., Deci, 1971; Ryan, Mims,
& Koestner, 1983). For instance, a metanalysis conducted by Cameron and Pierce
(1994) on the effects of rewards on intrinsic motivation, revealed that above 64% of
thestudieshave employed this measure. Thefree-choicemeasureconsists of calcu-
lating the time spent on the activity when external contingencies are no longer op-
erative. More precisely, the experimenter declares that the experiment is officially
over and presents a pretext for leaving the participant alone for a period of time
(typically8minutes).Duringthatperiod,the participant is surreptitiously observed
through a one-way mirror. The participant then has the opportunity to work on the
experimental task, to read some magazines, or to do something else. The rationale
underlying the free-choice measure is that the more an individual persists at the
experimental activity, the more he or she should be intrinsically motivated (Deci,1971).
 Chapter 3

Methodology

3.1 Study Area

The group of students visited Sirubari community of Syangja district. The research on

‘Situational Motivational Scale’ was done in that community. The people of that

community were the major sources for the information. The total number of people who

participated as information sources was 10.

3.2 Research design

The consent and time of subjects were asked first. With their approval interview was

conducted. They were informed that their answers will be confidential and the details of

the interview and questionnaire were explained to the subject. Then, the questions were

asked. The answers of the subject were noted down on a paper. Peaceful environment was

maintained throughout the interview despite the movement of group to fulfill their roles.

The interviewers were ended with the positive thankfulness and termination.

3.3 Population and sample

In the year 2023, a household survey was conducted, encompassing a population of 25554

people (2074 BS). There are 23 homestay lodges (out of 39 households) made of stone and

steel roofs in terraced fields. Captain Rudra Man Gurung (1987 Bhadra 12-2072 Falgun

15) was an ex-Indian Army who designed the homestay village in 1997 (2054 Ashoj 22).

Whereas the village below consisted of Dalit community, among which 10 people

participated for the research.

 3.4 Data collection tools and techniques

The Situational Motivational Scale (SIMS) employs various data collection tools to

systematically gather information about motivation within specific contexts or situations.

These tools are designed to capture both quantitative and qualitative data, providing Case

workers with a comprehensive understanding of what drives individuals' behaviors in

community settings. Questionnaires are a fundamental tool, offering structured questions

that participants answer to indicate their levels of intrinsic motivation (such as personal

enjoyment), extrinsic motivation (like external rewards), and amotivation (lack of interest).
 Chapter 4

Results and Findings

4.1 Data collection and results

All of the data below show the number of villagers for answers of the asked questions with

the freedom of choice among 1: corresponds not at all ; 2: corresponds very little ; 3:

corresponds a little ; 4: corresponds moderately ; 5: corresponds enough ; 6: corresponds a

lot ; 7: corresponds exactly . The Following Questionare were asked in an Un-controlled

environment and was closly related to the activity they were doing. The Answers were

based on :Why Did You Engage In This Activity ?

Table 4.1.1 Because it really felt intresting to engage in this activity.

Not at Very Little` Moderatl Enough A Lot Exactly
Level Of All Little y
Motivation 1 2 2 1 3 1 0

Source : Field survey 2024

Majority of the people felt intresting in what they were doing. Among 10 people 1 did not
feel feel intresting , 2 did very little , 2 little , 1 moderatly , 3 enough and 1 Alot.

Table 4.1.2 Because it is for my own good.

Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly

Not at All
0 3 1 2 3 1 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed 3 felt very little , 1 felt
only little , 2 Moderately , 3 felt Enough and 1 felt A lot. According to the above table
majority of people felt good in doing their work.
 Table 4.1.3 Because I am supposed to do it.
Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
Not at All

0 0 1 7 2 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed 1 feel little, 7 feel
moderately, and 2 feel enough motivated to work because they are supposed to do it.

Table 4.1.4 I don’t see any good reason to do this activity.

Not at Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
All
3 5 2 0 0 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed 3 feel nothing, 5 feel
very little and 2 feel little that there aren’t any good reasons in doing their work.

Table 4.1.5 I think this activity is pleasant for me.

Not at Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
All
1 1 1 5 2 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people surveyed 1 feel nothing , 1 feel very little , 1
feel a little , 5 feel moderatly and 2 feel enough to agree that the activity they are doing is
pleasant for them.

Table 4.1.6 I think this activity is good for me.

Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
Not at All
1 0 0 3 5 1 0

Soure : Field survey 2024

Above table shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed 1 feel not al all , 3 feel
moderatly , 5 feel enough and 1 feel a lot that the activity they are doing is good for them.
Table 4.1.7 I feel like it is something that I have to do.

Not at All Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly

0 1 2 3 4 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyd 1 feel very little , 2 feel
little , 3 feel moderatly and 4 feel a lot about the work that they are doing as something they
have to do it by themselves.

Table 4.1.8 I do this activity but I am not sure If it is worth it.

Not at Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
All
4 5 0 1 0 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyd 4 feel nothing and
disagree , 5 feel very little , 1 feel moderatly that they do their work but are not sure if it is
worth it for them.

Table 4.1.9 Because I feel this activity is fun.

Not at Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
All
0 0 3 3 3 1 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among the 10 people that have been surveyed 3 feel little , 3 feel
moderatly , 3 feel enough , 1 feel alot that they feel their work as fun.

Table 4.1.10 It is by my own personal decision.

Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
Not at All
0 1 0 3 5 1 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among the 10 people that have been surveyed 1 feel very , Little ,
3 feel moderatly , 5 feel enough and 1 feel a lot that they do their work by their own
personal decision.
Table 4.1.11 I do not have any choice.
Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A lot Exactly
Not at All
5 5 0 0 0 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed 5 people feel Nothing
and disagree where as 5 of them feel very little that they did not had any choice if work so
they had to do it.
Table 4.1.12 I don’t know ; I don’t see what this activity brings me.

Not at All Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly

6 3 0 1 0 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among the 10 people that have been surveyed 6 Feel nothing , 3
feel very little and 1 feel moderatly that they don’t see any outcome from their work

Table 4.1.13 Because I feel Good when doing this activity.

Not at All Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly

1 0 0 3 4 2

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed , 1 Feel nothing and
disagree , 3 feel moderatly , 4 feel enough and 2 feel A lot that they feel good while doing
their work

Table 4.1.14 Because I believe that this activity is important for me.
Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly
Not at All
0 0 1 5 3 1 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed 1 feel little , 5 feel
moderatly , 3 feel enough and 1 feel a lot that their work is important to them.
 Table 4.1.15 Because I feel that I have to do it.

Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly

Not at All
0 0 2 2 4 2 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed , 2 feel little, 2
feel moderatly, 4 feel enough and 2 feel A lot that they have to do their work and have
the sense of responsibility.

Table 4.1.16 I do this activity, but I am not sure it is a good thing to pursue it.

Very Little Little Moderatly Enough A Lot Exactly

Not at All
2 2 0 3 3 0 0

Source : Field survey 2024

The above data shows that among 10 people that have been surveyed , 2 feel nothing
and disgree , 2 feel very little , 3 feel moderatly and 3 feel enough to agree that they do
their work but do not see their work as something to pursue.

.
 4.2 Findings

Students visited the community of Sirubari, Syangja to collect data on Situationl

Motivation and Self Determination Between people , the research was done by doing
interview with approved open-ended questions. Among which some of us were assigned
with the questionnaire ‘Situational Motivational Scale. According to the participants,
most of them knew about Motivation , Dedication and Self-Determination. In terms of
the questions asked, most participants had positive answers. The questionnaire was asked
to 10 different people, including 7 female and 3 male participants.

Here are some synthesized findings based on the survey conducted using the Situational
Motivational Scale (SIMS):
Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation: The survey identified a balance between intrinsic
motivation (e.g., personal interest, enjoyment) and extrinsic motivation (e.g., rewards,
recognition) across different situational contexts. While some situations triggered
stronger intrinsic motivation, others relied more on external rewards to drive
performance.

Impact of Autonomy: Situations that offered higher levels of autonomy correlated

positively with intrinsic motivation. Participants reported feeling more engaged and
motivated when they had greater control over their tasks and decisions.

Perceived Competence: The perception of competence significantly influenced

motivation levels. Tasks where individuals felt competent and capable were associated
with higher intrinsic motivation and better performance outcomes.

Task Relevance and Meaningfulness: The relevance of tasks to personal goals and
values emerged as a critical factor in motivating individuals. Tasks perceived as
meaningful elicited stronger intrinsic motivation compared to tasks perceived as arbitrary
or disconnected from personal objectives.

Social Context (Relatedness): The survey highlighted the importance of social

relationships and a supportive environment in fostering motivation. Situations that
promoted a sense of belongingness and collaboration tended to enhance intrinsic
motivation and overall satisfaction.

The survey using the Situational Motivational Scale showed that motivation varies in
different situations. It found that both personal interests and external rewards can drive
people. Having control over tasks, feeling capable, and seeing tasks as meaningful are
crucial for motivation. Social factors like feeling connected and having support also
affect motivation. The survey suggests that personalized approaches to motivation are
important, considering each person's preferences and the specific situation. Overall, it
offers useful ideas for organizations to boost engagement and performance through better
motivational strategies.
 Chapter 5

Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Conclusion

In this study we found all the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation that drives community

members for the growth of their village. Most of the community objectives are focused of

Tourism and Homestay. As we know Sirubari was the first distrist to Establish homestays

for tourists in Nepal. This study helped alot to understand motivation, determination and

Drive behind the people of sirubari that led to acomplishment and History.Most of the

Income was generated from the tourism sector from which the homestays played a Vital

role.The first Homestay in nepal was established in 1980 by Captain Rudra Man gurung ,

Here we can see why most of the People in sirubari was feeling the sense of responsibility

while doing their work.Intrinsic motivation can be seen in high levels as most of their

motivation came from within.

5.2 Recommendation

Based on the insights gathered from the Situational Motivational Scale survey, several
recommendations can be proposed to optimize motivation and performance:
Personalized Motivational Strategies: Develop personalized approaches to motivation
based on individual profiles identified through the SIMS. This could involve targeted
feedback, goal setting aligned with individual values, and tailored recognition programs.

Enhancing Situational Factors: Foster environments that support autonomy,

competence, and relatedness in various tasks and projects. Empower individuals with
meaningful decision-making opportunities and ensure clarity in task objectives to enhance
intrinsic motivation.
1st
Continuous Assessment and Feedback: Implement regular assessments using tools like
SIMS to monitor motivational dynamics over time. Provide timely feedback to
 individuals and teams to adjust motivational strategies as needed and maintain high
engagement levels.

Leadership and Team Development: Train leaders and managers to understand

motivational theories and apply them in practice. Encourage leaders to adopt coaching
approaches that nurture intrinsic motivation and foster a supportive team culture.

5.3
 5.3.1 Annex 1: Questionaries

1. Because I think that this activity is interesting.

2. Because I am doing it for my own good.
3. Because I am supposed to do it.
4. There may be good reasons to do this activity but personally I don’t see any.
5. Because I think that this activity is pleasant.
6. Because I think that this activity is good for me.
7. Because it is something that I have to do.
8. I do this activity but I am not sure if it is worth it.
9. Because this activity is fun.
10. By personal decision.
11. Because I don’t have any choice.
12. I don’t know; I don’t see what this activity brings me.
13. Because I feel good when doing this activity.
14. Because I believe that this activity is important for me.
15. Because I feel that I have to do it.
16. I do this activity, but I am not sure it is a good thing to pursue it.
 Reference

https://stelar.edc.org/instruments/situational-motivation-scale , ( Fredric Guay, Robert J

Vallerand , Celine M Blanchard ) , https://selfdeterminationtheory.org ,
https://www.researchgate.net , https://psycnet.apa.org , Audhild Loher &Gorill Hougan ,
Sammy KingFai Hui 2019 , https://www.tandfonline.com
 Annex 2: Photos

Fig : Students interviewing the member of Gurung community.