Fun Fact

According to the UN, there are about 360,000

babies born every day in the world.
Reproduction is one of the key survivals of a species
– it is a way to continue life.
A male and a female organism will mate and
produce an offspring. These parent organisms will
then pass on genetic information to their offspring,
and in time, their offspring will pass their own
genetic information as well.
 FASTEST REPRODUCING
ORGANISMS
Bacteria Mosquitoes Cockroaches
 FASTEST REPRODUCING
ANIMALS
SEA TURTLES ARCTIC FOXES RABBITS
 FASTEST REPRODUCING
ORGANISMS
DOMESTIC HAMSTERS GUPPIES SEAHORSES
Can you name this animal?

Komodo
Dragon
Can you name this animal?

Aphids
Can you name this animal?

Hammerhead
Shark
Can you name this animal?

Zebra Shark
Can you name this animal?

Snail
Can you name this animal?

Clownfish
Can you name this animal?

Clownfish
Reproduction of
Representative
Animals
is the process by which organisms give
rise to offspring. It is one of the defining
characteristics of living things. There are
two basic types of reproduction:
Asexual reproduction and Sexual
reproduction.
 Sexual and Asexual
Reproduction
● Sexual vs. Asexual Figure 2.1
shows how sexual and asexual
reproduction produces offspring.
In an asexual reproduction, a
parent organism will not need a
mate or partner for it to produce
its own offspring. The offspring of
asexual organisms are an exact
same copy of its parent organism.
 Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission
Occurs in single celled organisms. It is when a
parent cell divides itself into two equal parts
and create an offspring. To easily remember Venus
and understand the reproduction process of
binary fission it is valuable to remember what Venus has a beautiful name, is the
the terms mean. The word binary means second planet from the Sun and its
something having two parts (the new daughter atmosphere is extremely poisonous
bacteria) while the word fission means the
movement of splitting (the dividing of two
equal parts). Ex. Bacteria
 Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission
Occurs in single celled organisms. It is when a Bacteria
arent cell divides itself into two equal parts
nd create an offspring. To easily remember
nd understand the reproduction process of
inary fission it is valuable to remember what
he terms mean. The word binary means
omething having two parts (the new daughter
acteria) while the word fission means the
movement of splitting (the dividing of two
qual parts). Ex. Bacteria
Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission

Amoeba –
single-celled
organism that
divides into
two identical
daughter cells.
Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission

Paramecium –
A unicellular ciliate
that reproduces by
binary fission.
 Types of asexual
reproduction
Fragmentation

occurs when an organism

breaks a part of itself into a Venus
fragment, and the fragment Venus has a beautiful name, is the
develops into a new organism second planet from the Sun and its
atmosphere is extremely poisonous
as shown in figure

Ex. Starfish & acoel flatworms

Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission

Planarians (flatworms) –
These can regenerate a
whole new organism
from small body parts.
Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission

Sponges –
Sponges can regenerate
from fragments of their
body.
 Types of asexual
reproduction
Budding

Happens when a parent organism

grows a bud attached to its body. Venus
When the bud is developed it will
Venus has a beautiful name, is the
detach itself from the parent and second planet from the Sun and its
atmosphere is extremely poisonous
form a new organism.

Ex. Yeast and Jellyfish

Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission
Yeast –
A type of fungus that
reproduces by budding,
where a small bud forms
on the parent cell, grows,
and then detaches.
Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission

Corals –
Some species of coral
reproduce by budding,
contributing to the
growth of coral reefs.
Types of asexual
reproduction
Binary Fission

Corals –
Some species of coral
reproduce by budding,
contributing to the growth
of coral reefs.
Table of Contents

Introduction Presentation
You could describe the topic You could describe the topic
of the section here of the section here

Analysis Conclusion
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of the section here of the section here
 Hermaphroditism

Simultaneous Hermaphroditism

The organism has both male and female reproductive

organs at the same time and can function as both
sexes during reproduction.
 Hermaphroditism

Sequential Hermaphroditism:

The organism starts life as one sex (either male

or female) and later transitions to the opposite
sex.
 Types of asexual
reproduction
Parthenogenesis
ccurs when the embryo of an organism can
row and develop without fertilization.
Venus

Wasps
Whiptail Lizard Aphids
 Parthenogenesis

How it works?

Unfertilized egg In
parthenogenesis, an egg cell
undergoes development without
the genetic contribution of a male.
Komodo Dragons
In some species, the egg duplicates
its chromosomes, so the resulting These large lizards can reproduce
through parthenogenesis when
offspring is genetically identical to males are not present.
the mother.
 Hermaphroditism

● Hermaphroditism is a reproductive strategy where an

organism possesses both male and female reproductive
organs, allowing it to produce both sperm and eggs.

● Intersex conditions can result from a variety of factors,

including genetic, hormonal, or developmental abnormalities
during fetal development.
 Mechanisms of
Fertilization

There are two types of fertilization – internal and external.

Internal fertilization occurs when the fusion of gametes is inside
the female body, while an external fertilization is the opposite
where fusion of gametes is outside the female body.
 The 3 types of internal
fertilization
● 1. Oviparity – the female has
fertilized eggs laid outside its body.
The young will get nourishment
from its yolk and will be protected
by the external covering of the egg.
The types of eggs will vary in
different animals. Chicken eggs will
have high calcium carbonate
concentrations, while reptiles will
produce leathery eggs. Ex. Chickens
 Internal
2. Viviparity – most common in
mammals, the offspring develops
within the female and is nourished by
the mother’s blood in the placenta.
Ex. Bears
Animals that give birth to offspring are
called viviparous. In viviparous animals,
both fertilization, as well as the
development of the embryo, takes
place inside the female reproductive
system.
 Internal
● 3. Ovoviviparity has fertilized eggs that
nourish the young from its yolk. The key
difference between them, is that
ovoviviparous animals only lay the eggs
when they are ready to hatch. Ex. Great
White Shark

● : producing eggs that develop within the

maternal body (as of various fishes or
reptiles) and hatch within or immediately
after release from the parent.
 Maybe You Need to
Divide the Content

Mercury Venus

Mercury is the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name, is the
Sun and the smallest one in the Solar second planet from the Sun and its
System—it’s only a bit larger than the atmosphere is extremely poisonous
Moon
 Maybe You Need to
Divide the Content

Mercury Venus

Mercury is the closest planet to the

Sun and the smallest one in the Solar
System—it’s only a bit larger than the
Moon
 Factors that affect
reproductive success

● 1. Predation
● In the animal kingdom exists a food chain. At the top of the food chain
there are animals we call apex predators, while at the bottom of the food
chain are animals that are weak and easily hunted by predators. Apex
predators are animals that hunt and feed on other animals to survive and
eventually reproduce
 Factors that affect
reproductive success.

● 1. Predation
● In the animal kingdom exists a food chain. At the top of the food chain
there are animals we call apex predators, while at the bottom of the food
chain are animals that are weak and easily hunted by predators. Apex
predators are animals that hunt and feed on other animals to survive and
eventually reproduce
 Factors that affect
reproductive success

● 2. Environment
● To ensure a healthy offspring, the animal’s environment must
also be nurturing to the young. Temperature greatly affects the
development and the urges of an animal to mate. With the
continuing rise of temperatures around the globe, some
animals are starting to dwindle in number and die before they
even reproduce.
 Factors that affect
reproductive success

3. Human Interaction
Humans have been responsible for a lot of species
extinction as we pose as one of the greatest threats to
animals. Polluting land, water, and air; hunting; and
deforesting are ways in which animal reproduction get
disturbed.