LEC 3 Profesional Practice

Professional
Practice
LEC 3: Phases of a
Construction Project
Introduction
 Definition of a construction project
A project that involves the planning, design, financing,
and construction of physical structures or infrastructure.
 Importance of understanding phases for architects
Helps architects manage time, costs, resources, and
coordination between various stakeholders.
 Overview of the main phases
Conceptual Design, Schematic Design, Design
Development, Construction Documents, Bidding,
Construction, Post-Construction.
Phase 1 - Conceptual Design
 Client requirements gathering
Meet with the client to understand their needs, vision,
and budget.
 Initial site analysis
Analyze the site to understand constraints, opportunities,
and legal considerations.
 Concept sketches
Initial ideas and solutions for the design.
 Feasibility studies
Determine if the project is technically and financially
viable.
Phase 2 - Schematic Design
 Preliminary design and layout of the building
Create basic floor plans, elevations, and layouts of
the building.
 Collaboration with structural and MEP consultants
Engage structural, mechanical, electrical, and
plumbing consultants.
 Rough cost estimation
Provide a ballpark estimate for the project based
on the preliminary design.
Phase 3 - Design Development
 Refining the design (architecture, structure, MEP)
Finalize building layout, structural systems, and

materials.
 More detailed cost estimation
Update cost estimates based on the refined

design.
 Material selection and initial specifications
Choose finishes, fixtures, and materials based on

functionality and aesthetics.
Phase 4 - Construction
Documents
 Detailed drawings and specifications
Provide fully detailed architectural, structural, and

engineering drawings.
 Construction plans, schedules, and permit

applications
Prepare schedules and apply for permits required by

local authorities.
 Contractor selection
Architects may assist the client in selecting a contractor

through a bid process.
Phase 5 - Bidding & Negotiation
 Request for proposal (RFP) and tendering process
The client sends out proposals to potential

contractors to bid on the project.
 Evaluation of contractor bids
Compare bids based on price, schedule, and

experience.
 Negotiation and final selection
Finalize terms with the selected contractor and sign

contracts.
Phase 6 - Construction
Administration
 Monitoring construction progress
Ensure that the construction follows the plans and
specifications.
 Site visits and coordination with contractors
Regular visits by the architect to inspect the work and resolve
any issues.
 Change orders and handling issues on-site
Managing client or contractor-requested changes during
construction.
 Quality Assurance
Ensuring quality control at each phase of the build.
Phase 7 - Post-Construction
 Project handover and occupancy
The contractor hands over the completed building to the
client
 Final inspection and punch list
A list of items to be fixed or completed before the final
sign-off.
 Warranties and maintenance plans
Provide warranties for the work and a maintenance plan

Challenges and Risks in
Construction Projects
 Common challenges at each phase
Delays, cost overruns, unforeseen site conditions,
communication breakdowns.
 Managing risks: delays, cost overruns, design changes
Plan for contingencies, maintain communication
between the architect, client, and contractors, and
monitor the budget.

Conclusion
 Phases and their importance
 The role of architects in ensuring
successful project delivery
Assignment Title: Case Study of a Construction Project's
Phases
Instructions:
 Select a construction project in your city (can be ongoing
or completed).
 Identify and analyze how the project followed the phases
of construction (conceptual design to post-construction).
 Provide a 2-3 page report including:
• Overview of the project
• Identification of each phase
• Key challenges faced in each phase
 Include images or diagrams where relevant.
 Deadline: [13th Sep 2024].

LEC 3 Profesional Practice

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Professional

Finalize building layout, structural systems, and

 More detailed cost estimation

Update cost estimates based on the refined

 Material selection and initial specifications

Choose finishes, fixtures, and materials based on

Provide fully detailed architectural, structural, and

 Construction plans, schedules, and permit

Prepare schedules and apply for permits required by

Architects may assist the client in selecting a contractor

The client sends out proposals to potential

 Evaluation of contractor bids

Compare bids based on price, schedule, and

 Negotiation and final selection

Finalize terms with the selected contractor and sign

The contractor hands over the completed building to the

 Final inspection and punch list

A list of items to be fixed or completed before the final

 Warranties and maintenance plans

Provide warranties for the work and a maintenance plan

Delays, cost overruns, unforeseen site conditions,

 Managing risks: delays, cost overruns, design changes

Plan for contingencies, maintain communication

between the architect, client, and contractors, and

monitor the budget.

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