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Bitwise Operators

Notes for Bitwise operators.

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37 views

Bitwise Operators

Notes for Bitwise operators.

Uploaded by

tanushree110803
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BITWISE OPERATORS

In Python, bitwise operators are used to performing bitwise calculations on integers. The integers
are first converted into binary and then operations are performed on bit by bit, hence the
name bitwise operators. Then the result is returned in decimal format.
Note: Python bitwise operators work only on integers.

OPERATOR DESCRIPTION SYNTAX

& Bitwise AND x&y

| Bitwise OR x|y

~ Bitwise NOT ~x

^ Bitwise XOR x^y

>> Bitwise right shift x>>

<< Bitwise left shift x<<


Let’s understand each operator one by one.
Bitwise AND operator: Returns 1 if both the bits are 1 else 0.
Example:
a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 = 0100 (Binary)

a & b = 1010
&
0100
= 0000
= 0 (Decimal)
Bitwise or operator: Returns 1 if either of the bit is 1 else 0.
Example:
a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 = 0100 (Binary)

a | b = 1010
|
0100
= 1110
= 14 (Decimal)
Bitwise not operator: Returns one’s complement of the number.
Example:
a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)

~a = ~1010
= -(1010 + 1)
= -(1011)
= -11 (Decimal)
Bitwise xor operator: Returns 1 if one of the bits is 1 and the other is 0 else returns false.
Example:
a = 10 = 1010 (Binary)
b = 4 = 0100 (Binary)

a & b = 1010
^
0100
= 1110
= 14 (Decimal)

Shift Operators
These operators are used to shift the bits of a number left or right thereby multiplying or dividing
the number by two respectively. They can be used when we have to multiply or divide a number
by two.

LEFT SHIFT RIGHT SHIFT


MUL DIVIDE
<< >>

Bitwise right shift: Shifts the bits of the number to the right and fills 0 on voids left( fills 1 in the
case of a negative number) as a result. Similar effect as of dividing the number with some power of
two.
Example:
Example 1:
a = 10 = 0000 1010 (Binary)
a >> 1 = 0000 0101 = 5
Example 2:
a = -10 = 1111 0110 (Binary)
a >> 1 = 1111 1011 = -5
Bitwise left shift: Shifts the bits of the number to the left and fills 0 on voids right as a result. Similar
effect as of multiplying the number with some power of two.
Example:
Example 1:
a = 5 = 0000 0101 (Binary)
a << 1 = 0000 1010 = 10
a << 2 = 0001 0100 = 20

Example 2:
b = -10 = 1111 0110 (Binary)
b << 1 = 1110 1100 = -20
b << 2 = 1101 1000 = -40

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