Python Concepts and Examples
1. How to execute Python from the command line?
To execute Python scripts, open the command line and type python or python3 followed by the
script name. Example:
python3 my_script.py
This runs the file my_script.py. If you want to start an interactive Python shell, just type python or
python3 and press Enter.
2. Tuples in Python
A tuple is an immutable collection in Python, meaning once created, its elements cannot be
modified. They are defined using parentheses ().
Example:
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 'hello')
print(my_tuple)
Output:
(1, 2, 3, 'hello')
3. Lambda in Python
A lambda function is a small, anonymous function defined with the lambda keyword. It can have any
number of arguments, but only one expression.
Example:
square = lambda x: x * x
print(square(5))
Output:
25
4. Directories in Python
Python provides the os and os.path modules to work with directories. For example, creating a new
directory:
import os
os.mkdir('new_folder')
This will create a folder named 'new_folder' in the current working directory.
5. How to create classes in Python
Classes are created using the class keyword. Here's an example of defining and using a class:
class Dog:
def __init__(self, name, breed):
self.name = name
self.breed = breed
def bark(self):
return f'{self.name} says woof!'
my_dog = Dog('Buddy', 'Golden Retriever')
print(my_dog.bark())
Output:
Buddy says woof!
