Karambir

Volume-8 • Number-1 Jan -June 2016 pp. 151-155 available online at www.csjournals.
com
Controlling Light and Speed of Fan based on

Programming Logic Controller
1
Karambir, 2Kalyan Singh,3Rajiv Saini
1,2
Asstt.Professor,EEDeptt.,RPS College of Engg. & Tech., Balana,Mahendergarh (Haryana).
3
Technical Consultant, Microsoft Dynamics NAV, New Delhi.
er.karamvir@gmail.com
Abstract: The control of Home appliances is an integral part of modern lives that help to control the
home electrical devices as well as other aspects of the digital home that is expected to be the standard for
the future home. Home appliance control system enables house owner to control devices Lighting,
Heating and ventilation, water pumping, gardening system remotely or from any centralized location.
Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. This paper aims at atomizingthe speed of fan
and light. The appliances are to be controlled automatically by the programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
GE FanucVersa ax C200. The project proves to be accurate, reliable and more efficient than the existing
controllers. It is a combination of electrical, electronic and mechanical section where the software used is
Ladder Logic language programming.
Key words: Programmable logical control (P.L.C.), Ladder Logic, Speed Regulation.
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the rapid development of information technology has brought powerful changes to the
structure of automation system, and makes people to set a higher request to security, comfort and
efficiency of home environment. Intelligent household devices have become a research focus in home
automation industry, for how to let television set, refrigerator, lightings, alarm sensor, and other home
devices work efficiently and easy to be used. Under such demand home appliances should not only
operate by itself, but also with other devices together, i.e. they should be connected within a network for
easy management. The smart grid concept includes the home/building automation system with better
energy management and with superior quality of power
A home automation system integrates electrical devices in a house with each other. The techniques
employed in home automation include those in building automation as well as the control of domestic
activities, such as home entertainment systems, houseplant and yard watering, pet feeding, changing the
ambiance "scenes" for different events (such as dinners or parties), and the use of domestic robots.
Devices may be connected through a computer network to allow control by a personal computer, and may
allow remote access from the internet. Through the integration of information technologies with the home
environment, systems and appliances are able to communicate in an integrated manner which results in
convenience, energy efficiency, and safety benefits.
In this paper we have concentrated on the control of “Fan Speed and Lighting system” in the home
premises. The control of these systems is achieved by using various electronic circuitry .e.g. For Speed
control using speed regulator and for lighting we had used the simple relay circuit. These electronic
circuitry is controlled by the PLC.
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Volume-8 • Number-1 Jan -June 2016 pp. 151-155 available online at www.csjournals.com
2. COMPLETE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM
Figure 2.1 Complete Block Diagram of System
2.1. Hardware Requirements

1) Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
2) RS 232 (DB2) Converter
3) Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)- single pole 230v ac 2amp
4) Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) 0-25V DC
5) Voltage Regulators- IC7805, IC7812
6) Relay 0-24V DC
7) Fuse 1 Ampere
8) Lamp Load 230V 100W
9) Table Fan 25 W
2.2 Software Requirements

I. Proficy Machine Edition PLC Ladder Logic Programmer.
II. Communication Protocols- MODBUS
2.3 Working of The System

Fig 2.1 shows the power circuit and control circuit diagram through which the light and speed
of fan can achieve the control of these equipment.
The single phase 230V supply is connected to the miniature circuit breaker through filter
circuit. The MCB is used to protect the device or circuit or to avoid the damage from
overload or short circuit conditions. It detects any fault condition and interrupts current flow.
After that the output of the MCB is fed to the Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) used as
a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently. An SMPS transfers power from a
source like mains power to a load. A switched mode power supply is used as a supply
regulator to regulate either output voltage or current by switching ideal storage elements. The
SMPS has greater efficiency because the switching transistor dissipates little power when
acting as a switch also it has smaller size and lighter weight.
The 24V output of the SMPS is fed to power the PLC. The PLC operates on the ladder logic
programming designed by the operator in which two provisions are available i.e. the
equipment‟s are operated automatically or by manually as per the ladder logic is to be
Page | 152
designed with the switches which are provided on the control panel. The control is achieved
by following two ways:-
There are two modes of operation mainly:-
I. Automatically Using PLC and
II. Controlling by manual switches
2.4 Ladder Logic Program
I. Automation Using PLC

As the PLC is interfaced with the PC through RS 232 Cable, all the equipments are
operated from the PC as it can be visualized by the operator on PC Screen through
PLC Ladder Programming. The desired control can be achieved by the single click of
the Ladder logic Program on PC screen. When the operation is running through the
Ladder Logic then it cannot be operated through the manual switches. The output of
the PLC is fed to the control circuits through the connecting wires. As two
applications are to be controlled the output of the PLC is fed to these two
applications. Here we have attempted the control of two systems Light and Speed of
Table Fan.
II. Control by Manual Switches
The control of appliances can also be achieved by the manual switches. By selecting
“manual control mode” in the ladder logic the appliances can be controlled using the
ON/OFF switches provided on the panel. Again the result of current status will be
displayed on the screen.
Page | 153
2.5 Actual System Images

2.6
Figure 2.2 When Light is off and Fan is in on Condition
Figure 2.3 When Light on and Fan is in off Condition
3. CONCLUSION
The proposed system can be extended to include many number of other appliances or systems of
building or home automation like water sprinklers, ventilation systems,burglar alarm and many
more .To accommodate such systems more efficient PLCs with many more number of input
/output has to be used which invariably will increase the cost of the system also.
The proposed system will be very helpful for physically challenged and home bound elderly
people as the desired control of appliances can be made possible from a fixed central location or
any suitable location in room as per the comfort level. By using GSM/GPRS or by simple
transmitter and receiver circuit remote control of the appliances is possible which will further
enhance the utility of the proposed system also by using SCADA control that having the
monitoring of the system status.
Page | 154
4. REFERENCES
[1]. An overview of continuous monitoring and control system for three phase induction motor based
on Programmable Logical Control & SCADA Technology .volume 4,Issue4, July- August (2013)
pp.188-196
[2]. PLC principle and application by John W.Webb.
[3]. www.wikipedia.com
[4]. www.springer.com
[5]. www.IEEEexplore.ieee.org
[6]. A.de Jong, E.-J. Bakker, J. Dam, and H. van Wolferen, “Technischenergie- en CO2-
besparingspotentieel in Nederland (2010-2030),” Platform Nieuw Gas, p. 45, Juli 2006.
[7]. J. Scott, P. Vaessen, and F. Verheij, “Reflections on smart grids for the future,” Dutch Ministry of
Economic Affairs, Apr 2008.
[8]. A. Molderink, V. Bakker, M. Bosman, J. Hurink, and G. Smit, “A threestep methodology to
improve domestic energy efficiency,” in IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid
Technologies, 2010.
[9]. S. Abu-sharkh, R. Arnold, J. Kohler, R. Li, T. Markvart, J. Ross, K. Steemers, P. Wilson, and R.
Yao, “Can microgrids make a major contribution to uk energy supply?” Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 78–127, Sept 2004.
Page | 155

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Volume-8 • Number-1 Jan -June 2016 pp. 151-155 available online at www.csjournals.

Controlling Light and Speed of Fan based on

2. COMPLETE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM

Figure 2.1 Complete Block Diagram of System

2.1. Hardware Requirements

2.2 Software Requirements

2.3 Working of The System

I. Automation Using PLC

2.5 Actual System Images

Figure 2.2 When Light is off and Fan is in on Condition

Figure 2.3 When Light on and Fan is in off Condition

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