Cryptanthus Journal n3 2022

The
Cryptanthus Society Journal

Vol. XXXVII No. 1 January-March 2022
A Publication Devoted to the Plant Genera: Cryptanthus, Hoplocryptanthus, Rokautskyia & Forzzaea
Copyright
Cryptanthus© Magnolia
Society Journal Press
Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022
Society Officers
PRESIDENT—Ruby Harlan Adams VICE-PRESIDENT— Vacant
3906 Woodmont Circle Houston, TX 77045
radams13@sbcglobal.net
TREASURER—Allyn Pearlman
SECRETARY—Carole M. Richtmyer
18814 Cypress Mountain Dr. 6422 Bankside Drive Houston, Tx 77096
Spring, TX 77388 713-858-3047-cell 713-772-7831-home
(281) 350-6809 PLANOBROM@aol.com deliboys@comcast.net
EDITOR—Dr. Larry Giroux
80 Skyline Drive WEBMASTER—- Frank Jiannetti
No. Fort Myers, Fl 33903
fjiannetti@gmail.com
(239) 257-1414 (239) 850-4048 (C)
DrLarry@comcast.net
Directors
Calandra Thurrott 713 Breckenridge Dr. Port Orange, Fl 32127 386-761-4804 calandra.thurrott@att.net
Ed Edmiston 105 Sena Dr. Metairie LA 70005 210-378-7716 Texasgman2003@yahoo.com
Martha Goode 7533 E. Camino Salida del Sol Scottsdale, AZ 85266 815-459-1623
stevegoode1@ameritech.net
Gordon Stowe 6514 Blue Hills Drive Houston, TX 77069 grstowe@comcast.net
Moises Besalel Cra 16, #67-12 Apt. 202 Barrio La Victoria Bucarmanga, Santander
Columbia 67995m S.A. mbesalel@icloud.com
Committees
AFFILIATES Chair—Martha Goode 7533 E. Camino Salida del Sol Scottsdale, AZ 85266
815-459-1623 stevegoode1@ameritech.net
HYBRID REGISTRATION—Please send all New Cryptanthus Cultivar Registrations to

Larry Giroux . These will be published in the CSJ and forwarded to Geoffrey Lawn in
Australia to be posted on the BCR
RESEARCH—Vacant
SCIENTIFIC REVIEW COMMITTEE—Larry Giroux, USA, Elton M.C. Leme, Brazil.
HONORARY TRUSTEES OF THE CRYPTANTHUS SOCIETY
Racine S. Foster, USA Grace M. Goode, O.A.M.,Australia

Dr. Lyman B. Smith, USA (1910-1991) 1917-2019
(1904-1997) Elton M.C. Leme. Brazil Harry E. Luther, USA (1952-2012)
Roberto A. Kautsky, Brazil Warren R. Loose, USA Katherine A. Hibers, USA
(1924-2010) (1951-1993) Carole Richtmyer, USA
Clyde P. Jackson, USA Bob D. Whitman, USA Lawrence J. Giroux, MD, USA
(1917-2007) 1953-2009 Stephen L. Hoppin, USA
Departments, Information and Subscriptions

SOCIETY SALES—Vacant CHANGE OF ADDRESS, FAILURE TO RECEIVE, RE-
NEWALS: Contact the Secretary. SHOW PACKETS AND AWARDS: Notify the Affili-
ates Chairman at least 3 months in advance of your show. MEMBERSHIP INFOR-
MATION: Annual dues for membership in the Cryptanthus Society are: (Effective Janu-
ary 2003) Individual- International: $25, USA: $20; Dual- International: $30, USA: $25;
Affiliates: $30. All Journals will be mailed first class postage. Life Membership: $300. For
more information please contact the Secretary.
2 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

THE CRYPTANTHUS SOCIETY JOURNAL
Vol. XXXVII Jan-Mar

No. 1 2022
Front Cover: In this issue is the reprinting of the description and illustration of the 2015
discovered Cryptanthus Complex species Forzzaea viridifolia. The picture on the cover of this
Journal, from the original article “Miscellaneous new species in the “Cryptanthoid
complex” (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from Eastern Brazil”, shows the “saxicolous habit
at the type locality” as described by Leme et al. It also demonstrates the variation of colors,
i.e. the light green and dark reds seen within populations of this species. See page 22 for the
original article excerpts and additional photographs. Photo by Leme et al.
Back Cover: Pictures of three of the Cryptanthus Group species, which are probably extinct
in the wilds of Brazil. Fortunately each of these and nearly all of the known, described
Cryptanthus Group species exists in cultivation, albeit, many are still only in Brazil in private
collections. World Bromeliad Conference attendees will be able to see one of the largest
collections of the Cryptanthus Group collections in the World during visits to Marie Selby
Botanic Gardens in Sarasota, Fl.. Photos by Dr. Larry Giroux.
CONTENTS
4 President’s Message Ruby Adams
5-6 Show and Sales Notifications Dr. Larry Giroux
7 WBC Information Greg Kolojeski
8 Message from the Secretary Carole Richtmyer
10 CC BOD Bios– Carole Richtmyer
11 Editor’s Edict Dr. Larry Giroux
12 www.cryptanthussociety.net
13 CS BOD Bios– Martha Goode
14 CS BOD Bios– Dr Larry Giroux
15 CS Membership Report Carole Richtmyer
16 Affiliates’ Show Reporting Martha Goode
16 Growing or Not Growing Forzzaea warasii Dr. Larry Giroux
18 In Memoriam– Richard “Dick” Dailey Dr. Larry Giroux
19 Species/ Reflections for an Uncertain Future Moises Besalel
22 Miscellaneous new species in the
“Cryptanthoid complex” from Eastern Brazil Elton Leme et al
28 Editor’s Notes on Forzzaea viridifolia Dr. Larry Giroux
29 New Cultivar Registrations Dr. Larry Giroux
30 Earth Star Exchange Virginia Schrenker
31 Other Plant Societies
32 Photos of extinct Cryptanthus Group species Dr. Larry Giroux
The Cryptanthus Society Journal, ISSN 1060-1236, is published by the Cryptanthus Society. Permission is
granted to reprint from this publication in whole or in part, when credit is given to the Cryptanthus Society
and the author unless otherwise noted. Every attempt is made to keep articles technically correct. Although all
attempts are made to give appropriate credit to all contributors, omissions may occur. Please contact the Editor
for any omissions or corrections and they will be rectified ASAP. Methods and opinions expressed by writers
are their own and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Cryptanthus Society or the Editors.
Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022 3
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
A Tribute to Richard “Dick” Dailey
As we enter the spring season of growth and
renewal, these current times have generated
feelings of anxiousness, sadness, being over-
whelmed…and hope! While the wealth of
information I expected to receive from my
mentor and immediate past Cryptanthus Soci-
ety President, Richard ‘Dick’ Dailey, is gone
as a result of his untimely passing, I remain
optimistic about the future of the Cryptanthus
Society as a result of the wonderful legacy he
and other leaders have left behind.
Dick and I became members of the CS execu-
tive board together--almost eight months ago.
I was honored to be selected to serve. It meant I could grow and learn more
of the actual workings of the Society, and perhaps in some small way, con-
tribute back to this outstanding organization. It was during our first virtual
meeting that I asked Dick to become my mentor. He laughed and said, “Sure,
we will get things done.” Since Dick’s sudden passing, I’ve been thrust into
a fast track of Learning-as-You-Go!
Dick Dailey’s impact within his St. Petersburg, Florida community was far-
reaching, remarkable, and will be long remembered. His vast interests includ-
ed gardening, golf, boating, fishing, dining with friends, being active in his
church community, and most importantly, being a family man to his wife of
53 years, his four children and his grandchildren. On behalf of the Cryptan-
thus Society, I extend our heartfelt condolences to Nancy and each of their
family members. We want them to know while Dick’s contribution to the
Society will be missed, his legacy will continue to inspire other enthusiast
and help expand the love of plants, especially cryptanthus.
Dick was looking forward to the upcoming World Bromeliad Conference. I
hope lovers of bromeliads--and especially cryptanthus—will register for the
conference, if you have not already. “The Big Show” takes place in Sarasota,
Florida, June 7 – 11, 2022. The Cryptanthus Society will host its major fund
raiser. Cryptanthus will be an essential part of the Rare Plant Auction. Do-
nated plants are needed for the auction and extra members’ hands are needed
to staff the display table and manage other related functions. Remember, the
Cryptanthus Group now has four (4) genera, i.e., Cryptanthus (66),

Rokautskyia (14), Hoplocryptanthus (9), and
Forzzaea (7).
As the CS’s acting President, I will do my best to
perpetuate Dick’s vision. I love any and all
plants, especially cryptanthus. I think because
they seem to love and enjoy living in the envi-
ronment, I can provide them. During this time
of the year in Houston, I am busy working, mov-
ing, hydrating, and trimming plants from two
garages and any available space in my home to
ensure my plants are smiling and thriving. As we
move beyond the Covid pandemic, may we all be
inspired by Dick’s love for cryptanthus since
there are so many lessons to be learned from
growing plants well. May we become more intro-
spect, loving and kind to one another. I think
Dick would want us to transfer our love for these
plants into every aspect of our lives. This would
be a fitting tribute to Dick Dailey, our families,
our work and the communities we serve.
Ruby Harlan Adams, Acting CS President
If you are wanting to attend a Bromeliad Show where CRYPTAN-

THUS will be shown and are available for sale here is your chance...
BROMELIAD SOCIETY / HOUSTON’s Bromeliad Show
Saturday May 21st 2PM-5PM and Sun May 22nd 11AM-4PM
Judson Robinson, Jr. Community Center 2020 Hermann Dr.
Houston, Tx 77004 For more information call Allyn Pearlman at
713-858-3047 or email him at deliboys@comcast.net.
SOUTHWEST BROMELIAD GUILD—-Hosted by the River Ridge

Bromeliad Society
See page 6 for more information.
The World Bromeliad Conference: for in-
formation and to make reservations go to
the address below; check out page 7.
https://www.bsi.org/new/conference-corner/
World Bromeliad Conference Speaker Presentations:
June 8-11, 2022 Graeme Barclay – New Zea-
Hyatt Regency Sarasota land; Eric Gouda – Nether-
lands; Ivon Ramirez – Mexi-
World Bromeliad Conference 2022 co; Julián Aguirre-Santoro –
Join Bromeliad lovers from around the world at Colombia; Cristy Brenner –
the Bromeliad Society International’s 24th World California; Bruce Holst –
Bromeliad Conference which will be held in Sara-
Florida Jerry Raack – Ohio.
sota for the first time!
Banquet Keynote Speaker:
Graeme Barclay – New Zea-
Attendees will have the opportunity to go behind
the scenes at Marie Selby Botanical Gardens land ──── Events: Confer-
(with its collection of over 1300 Bromeliad spe- ence Opening/Reception;
cies) and Michael’s Bromeliads and Tropiflora Judged Plant Show; A Huge
with their collector-grade Bromeliads. Plant Sale; Optional Bus
Mix and mingle with attendees from all over the Tours; Behind-the-Scenes
world at the Hyatt Regency Sarasota with its visits to: Michael’s Bromeli-
beautiful waterfront setting and nearby fine din- ads & Tropiflora; Home
ing, beaches, shopping, museums, and other Garden Visits; Guided Be-
sightseeing opportunities. hind-the-Scenes Tour Marie
Selby Botanical Gardens;
Join us for THE BIG SHOW at World Bromeliad Banquet with Keynote
Conference 2022 with this amazing opportunity Speaker; Rare Plant Auc-
to learn, grow and explore! tion
SECRETARY’S
MESSAGE
The loss of our new President, Dick
Dailey, is a real blow not only to his family and
friends but also to the Cryptanthus Society. Dick
had taken on the challenges of his new position
on the Board of Directors with energy and
enthusiasm, working to establish our website as
well as organizing the day-to-day business of a
group that hasn’t been able to meet face to face in a few years. Our
condolences go out to his family and friends. We will all miss him.
And of course, it means that we will again need a new
President. Ruby Adams, our current Vice President, has agreed to fill
in until our next Board meeting at World Conference in June, at which
time we hope to have a candidate willing to step up and serve our
society. If you are interested, or you can suggest someone you think
might be willing and able, please let one of our Board members know.
We’d also like suggestions from the membership on topics to discuss at
the Board meeting. Or, come to the meeting in person – visitors are
welcome and always bring fresh ideas and suggestions. Keep an eye on
the Journal for a schedule of when and where the Board will be
meeting in Sarasota.
We’ve had another strange winter here in Houston. Not that it
was super cold, because it wasn’t really (I think we only got to freezing
two or three times), but the opposite. We’d be warm for a week, then
cold for 3-4 days, and then back to cold again. The poor plants didn’t
know what season it was. Our greenhouse isn’t designed to do well in
warm weather when it’s closed up, so I think our plants actually fared
better in colder weather, especially those hanging up high (poor
Tillandsias). The crypts, being on
the ground, suffered more from
being too crowded. Fortunately,
we should be able to open up and
unpack soon.
The picture I have
Photo by Carole Richtmyer shows
the variegated form of Carole’s
hybrid Cryptanthus ‘Red Baron’.
This was produced by tissue cul-
ture at Living Color Nursery.

included was taken of a plant I was sent by some good friends who
thought I’d like it – and they were absolutely right! The picture is of
a new Cryptanthus, a sport from tissue culture out of ‘Red
Baron’ (one of my early hybrids) at Living Color Nursery. I have to
thank Herb Hill, Michael Kiehl, and Anthony Warfield of Tropiflora,
for thinking we should have it in our collection. Even better news,
this plant will be a first release at World Conference in Sarasota --
another good reason for all of you to attend. It should have an official
name by then and I predict it will be a popular purchase. The plant is
easy to grow, has wonderful, intense color and good conformation,
and the variegation is more stable than many other variegated crypts.
Thank you all for your membership renewals, and don’t
forget to check your Journal’s mailing envelope for your dues due
date.
Carole Richtmyer, CS Secretary
WWW.CRYPTANTHUSSOCIETY.NET
Cryptanthus Society
Secretary
Carole Richtmyer
Carole first became interested
in bromeliads after moving to Houston,
Texas, many years ago and she and her
husband, Rick, joined the local society
there in 1981. Although they moved to
Dallas in 1982, their interest (and col-
lection) continued to grow, and they
became active members of the Greater
Dallas-Ft. Worth Bromeliad Society. It
was during their years in Dallas that
Rick and Carole became BSI certified
bromeliad judges and Carole’s interest
in Cryptanthus was first born.
Upon moving back to Houston in 1996, they again became active
members of BS/Houston. Carole was the Houston newsletter Editor
for many years, retiring from that position in 2017. In past years she
also served as Bromeliad Society/Houston President, Vice President
and Director as well as Recording Secretary of the BSI. She is a BSI
Accredited Master Judge and Instructor.
Her interest in Cryptanthus has encouraged her to create many new
hybrids in the genus. At last count she has over 80 cryptanthus hy-
brids registered with the BSI BCR. It also led to her to serve as Sec-
retary of the Cryptanthus Society, a job she has continuously held for
nearly 3 decades; she was made an Honorary Trustee of that organi-
zation in recognition of her years of outstanding service and numer-
ous contributions to the cryptanthus hobby. Carole has given pro-
grams across Texas and in Louisiana, Illinois, and Florida about
Cryptanthus and bromeliads she has seen in her travels.
Cryptanthus ‘Red Baron’ (photo
by Carole Richtmyer) is one of
Carole’s earliest creations from
the 1990’s. She now has over 80
registered cryptanthus hybrids
and cultivars to her credit. See
the new variegated form of this
hybrid on page 8, to be released
at the WBC.

EDITOR’S EDICT
First, I want to thank Ruby Adams, our Vice-
President, for accepting the President’s position, or as
she says, the “acting President” job. Please join me in
welcoming her and offering any encouragement and
help we can provide her.
Although I had seen Dick Dailey’s name on
the CSJ mailing list when I posted the Journal, I had not
made his acquaintance in person until years later. After
his election as President and prior to our first Zoom
Board meeting Dick visited me at my home. It was then that I really learned
more about Dick. It was obvious that his visions for the future of the CS were
aligned with mine and the other members of the Board. At his own expense
and with the help of his communications business, he revived the Cryptanthus
Society’s web page when he couldn’t wrestle it back from the previous
Webmaster. In spite of his commitment to a thriving business and his home
society, the Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society, you could see he was
willing to give his all to the CS. Another thing that I learned about Dick, was
that he was a “friend” of cryptanthus. With a collection of all for 1000
cryptanthus it was obvious that this was his favorite plant. When he came to
see my collection, you could see his excitement in being around the plants.
With Dick’s passing, the cryptanthus hobby has lost a strong advocate and
contributor.
I was amazed when I went online to research the extinct in the wild
(EW) Cryptanthus. The sale of bromeliads and especially cryptanthus has
become a big money business. It seems that there are a lot of rare or extinct
cryptanthus that vendors are willing to part with for the right price. But, in
reality, there are very few people, who could really know which cryptanthus
are no longer found in their natural habitat. You will recall in my last
Editor’s Edict I mentioned how taxonomists, such as Elton Leme are using a
formula to determine the level of potential survival in the wild of the species
including cryptanthus. This calculation, however, can only be used following
direct observations of a plant’s populations
and conditions in the wild. Guessing, I would
say that there are many cryptanthus that are
extinct or nearing extinction in the wild,
especially the novelties, which have been
over-collected for commercial and personal
use or have lost their habitat. But, based on
the reports I could find on the Internet, there
are only a very few, which have been
Wandering Jew clump specifically looked for and no longer found.
(Tradescantia zebrine) adver- On the back page are pictures of the most
tised as Cryptanthus bivittatus likely “extinct in the wild” cryptanthus. I’d

Cryptanthus fosterianus ‘Elaine’ being
sold as C. bivittus ‘Earth Star Elaine’
and Cryptanthus acaulis ‘Le Rey’ ad-
vertised as Cryptanthus ‘Pink Starlite’
Photos from www.bing.com
love to hear from those in the know and I

will pass on the additional list.
Buyer beware! Although there
are many reputable vendors selling the
Cryptanthus Group plants on the internet,
there are many who know little about
these Genera. Pictures are poorly labeled
or just wrong; after 5 years the change in
the former Cryptanthus genus, which was
divided into 4 genera, is still not reflected
in sale names. My favorite was a picture
of a Wandering Jew clump advertised as a
rare Cryptanthus bivittatus. Take it from
someone who has been on Classification at numerous bromeliad shows, what
people buy from the internet is frequently not what they thought they were
getting! By far not inclusive of all reliable plant vendors, you really should
take advantage of the “Earth Star Exchange” and its list of vendors in the
back of this issue and buy from people who know their cryptanthus.
Check out the upcoming events where cryptanthus are going to be
featured in shows and in the sales rooms. Bromeliad Society/ Houston Show
and Sale, May 22-23, 2022, Southwest Bromeliad Guild Show and Sale,
New Orleans, LA, May 13-15, 2022 and the BSI World Bromeliad
Conference, Sarasota, FL June 8-11, 2022. For more information see page 5
and 6. In addition, the family of Dick Dailey has donated Dick’s bromeliad
collection to various societies. Many plants will be available at the Rare
Plant Auction at the WBC in Sarasota and other upcoming sales in Florida.
The CryptanthusSociety.net website is up and running thanks to the
generosity of the late Dick Dailey and the good work of his IT Coordinator,
Frank Jiannetti. We now need information and photos to expand the
content…so please send these materials to Frank our Webmaster at
FJIANNETTI@gmail.com.
Hope you enjoy this Journal and please tell your “cryptanthus friends” about
us and encourage them to join.
Dr. Larry Giroux, CS Editor.
WWW.CRYPTANTHUSSOCIETY.NET
Our Website is coming along. I invite you to
visit the “Latest Draft” of our new web pages.
I want to thank Frank Jiannetti, our Webmas-
ter, formally of Dailey Communications, for all
his hard work. Frank is an IT guy and not a Cryptanthus Society ex-
pert, so please bear with us as we polish the product and add new con-
tent.
CS Western Director &
Affiliates Chairperson
Martha Goode
Cryptanthus 'It', purchased in
1974 was Martha Goode's first exposure
to bromeliads and specifically to
Cryptanthus. Two years later while
attending the Chicago Flower and
Garden Show at McCormick Place, she
was attracted to the Greater Chicago
Bromeliad Society's booth. This contact
has changed her life and that of her husband (Steve Goode)
dramatically ever since.
Steve and Martha have become deeply involved in many
aspects of the bromeliad hobby. Steve, a SciFi enthusiast, kiddingly
told Martha when they got married (48 years ago) that she could only
grow plants that looked like they belonged in a Star Trek episode.
This may be why Martha prefers to grow bromeliads with their weird
shapes, patterns and forms. As a long time member of the BSGC,
Martha has held the position of Vice President for many years. At
one meeting years ago, when Steve didn't attend, Martha volunteered
him as the new Editor of the BSGC. Although not a very nice thing
to do at the time to Steve, their Society and the Bromeliad World in
general, has greatly benefited from this "unselfish" act of Martha's.
In late June 1998. Steve dragged Martha to the WBC in hot,
muggy Houston, Texas, as a kind of retribution for committing him
to his new job. As it turned out they had a great time and have not
missed a Conference since then.
Unfortunately, The Greater Chicago Bromeliad Society
disbanded this summer, but this has not hindered Martha from her
continued volunteering in a big way.
Martha has served from 2003-2005 as the Central Regional
Director on the BSI Board and since 2006 has been the Chairperson
of the Affiliates Societies' Committee, where she is responsible for
disseminating BSI information to the BSI Affiliated Societies
throughout the world.
Martha and Steve now spend 9 months in AZ and 3 months in
Illinois. She has been the Western Regional Director of the
Cryptanthus Society since 2010. She is also the Cryptanthus Society
Affiliates Chair and works closely with Larry Giroux, CS Editor,
contributing to the CS Journal and with Carole Richtmyer,
Membership Secretary, liaison with member affiliate societies.
Cryptanthus Society
Journal Editor
Dr. Larry Giroux
In 1983, Larry Giroux, MD
carried onto a partially cleared lot in
North Fort Myers Florida several
boxes of Billbergia pyramidalis.
One of his partners in his Family
Medicine Group was clearing his
yard of these plants; Larry planted
the non-descript solid green brome-
liads along the west perimeter. Fortunately, he saved many of
the 100 year old oak trees and over the next three decades, the
billbergias were joined by hundreds of other bromeliads and
tropical plants in pots, mounted to the trees and in the ground.
Screen enclosures began to surround the house, mostly to house
his growing collection of cryptanthus. His start in cryptanthus
was from dozens of potted cryptanthus purchased on a trip to
the Stanford Flea market and the Apopka, Florida nursery of
Colin Cornelius in 1992. Larry from that point, became a hoard-
er of every different cryptanthus species, cultivar and hybrid he
could find. The problem he has now is finding space to move all
those plants from his old house to his new house that he ac-
quired 5 years ago. Among his collection you will notice several
of his own cryptanthus hybrids; because of his interest in Egyp-
tology, you’ll find his hybrids on the BCR with Egyptian names.
Also in 1992, Larry joined the local Fort Myers plant
society, the Caloosahatchee Bromeliad Society and was immedi-
ately recruited by the founder, Gene McKenzie to be the News-
letter’s Co-editor. With the passing of Ms. McKenzie, he be-
came Editor and has been working on the Newsletter for 30
years. At the Houston World Bromeliad Conference in 1996, he
was dragged to a Board meeting of the Cryptanthus Society by
Bob Whitman, which had recently lost his Editor. Asked to help

with the CS Journal, he was made, a few months later, the full
time Editor. Larry just celebrated his 25th year as editor with the
publication of his 97th issue of the CS Journal.
Since his initial involvement with the Caloosahatchee
Bromeliad Society, Larry has served in many positions with a
variety of plant organizations including- President of CBS, CBS
Representative to and President of the Florida Council of Bro-
meliad Societies, 6 years as a Southern Regional Bromeliad So-
ciety International Director and BSI Nominations Chair for
many years. He has been the WBC and his own society’s Show
Chair, Co-Chair and numerous Committee Chairs over his 30
years of involvement with bromeliad organizations.
Larry has been a BSI Accredited Bromeliad Show Judge
for over 20 years and is currently a Student Judges Instructor.
Besides of course the hundreds of articles he has written for the
CBS, Cryptanthus Society and BSI publications, he has given
numerous presentations at club meetings and WBCs.
CRYPTANTHUS SOCIETY MEMBERSHIP REPORT
Vol. XXXVII No 1 January-March 2022
Renewals: Missouri Botanical Garden
Karen and Michael Andreas Betty Ann Prevatt*
Bromeliad Society of Baton Sarasota Bromeliad Society
Rouge* Southbay Bromeliad Associates*
Charles Birdsong Phil and Carole Speer
Bromeliad Society of Broward Gerald Stewart
County Karen Willoughby
Hawaii Bromeliad Society
Marilyn Howser * indicates Charter Member
Mary Jo Kellogg
Renewals and New memberships (fees can be found on inside of
front page) should be sent to:
Carole Richtmyer, CS Secretary

18814 Cypress Mountain Dr.
Spring, TX 77388
For additional information contact Carole at planobrom@aol.com

Affiliate Show Reports, Photos and Awards
If you are a paid active Affiliate of the Cryptanthus Society, you
are entitled to receive a Best Species Plaque and a Best Hybrid
Plaque to be given out at your Show once a year. Also included
in your Affiliate Dues are a printed or electronic Special Rules
and Eligible Cryptanthus for Cryptanthus Show Awards
Booklet to be used for Classification, a Reporting form and a
master copy of the Cryptanthus Cultural handout. Societies,
please contact Carole Richtmyer to check on your membership
status. Requests for the plaques and information should be sent
several weeks before your show to the new Affiliates’ Chair,
Martha Goode 7533 E. Camino Salida del Sol
Scottsdale, AZ 85266
815-459-1623 stevegoode1@ameritech.net
If you are submitting your SHOW WINNERS’ PICTURES and REPORT
FORMS electronically (by email) please send a copy to BOTH:
Dr. Larry Giroux, CS Editor: DRLARRY@COMCAST.NET or
DRLARRY7@GMAIL.COM
AND Martha Goode, Affiliates Chair STEVEGOODE1@AMERITECH.NET
Growing or NOT Growing Forzzaea warasii

Many of you will recall that I have a difficult time growing Forzzaea
warasii; well actually it’s not so much growing the plants (I got three
rather large healthy adult plants that are about 10 years old and doing
nothing except enjoying retirement in sunny Florida) as it is getting
them to flower and offset. I am constantly asking growers of this
plant, when I see it blooming or pupping in someone’s collection,
“what is their secret?”. I just got this answer from Val Honeywood in
Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia, an area which happens to have
about the same climate as I have here in SW Florida:
“Hello Larry, I was so surprised to find (Forzzaea) warasii flowering in

my collection, it has had no special attention and just came out of a
reasonably mild Winter into a very warm Spring. The potting media is a
good commercial mix, would have had some organic fertilizer when
potted up a couple of years ago. It is on the ground in my shade house
with 70% green shade cloth. My area has been drought declared for last
couple of years, so very little rain and minimal watering.”
“No special attention”, “mild winter and warm spring”, “good commercial
mix...with some organic fertilizer, 2 years ago”, “70% green shade cloth” and
“very little rain and minimal watering”.
Sounds almost identical to my situation. I do fertilize with a 6 month heat
release fertilizer and twice a week during our dry winter and spring, I water.
But, still no flowers and no offsets. Actually 2 pups in 15 years and I think the
mother plants came to me with the beginnings of offsets! I’ve had rather good
luck with Forzzaea leopoldo-horstii, this past year to my amazement.
If anyone else is having luck propagating this species, please share your
processes with us with the information, your location, weather and pictures.
Thanks.
1 2
Photo 1 (by Larry Giroux) is one

of my old infertile Forzzaea wara- 3
siis. Still giving new leaves as I
keep trimming old dried-up bot-
tom leaves. This plant has seen its
share of bromeliad shows. Pic-
tures 2 and 3 (by Val Honey-
wood) are Val’s F. warasii taken
with different lighting. Once a
Forzzaea blooms, offsets inevita-
bly emerge from the base or as
ground stolons. Do not remove
them until they are at least 1/3
the size of the mother or they are
less likely to survive or flourish.

In Memoriam
Richard “Dick” Dailey
1944-2022
Richard “Dick” Dailey, 77, of St.
Petersburg passed away peacefully on Satur-
day, February 12, 2022, while vacationing
with his wife in California. He had only been
the Cryptanthus Society President a short
time, but in those few months he structured a
plan for our Society, that we can now imple-
ment and move the Cryptanthus Society forward.
It seems Dick’s entire career was directed toward the creating of
new images and future ideas for individuals, organizations and munici-
palities. In his earlier professional years, with a degree in Media from the
University of Cincinnati’s College Conservatory of Music, he became an
educator and progressed to working in Educational Television until he
moved to St. Petersburg in 1971 and started in what would become his
lifelong work…marketing and public relations. He worked for the City of
St. Petersburg, the Pinellas County and then for a major TV station. In
1986 he opened his own advertising and consulting agency, Dailey Com-
munications in downtown St. Petersburg.
Besides representing sports franchises including the Tampa Bay
Buccaneers and the Tampa Bay Lightning, as well as having the Tampa Bay
Rays added to Major League Baseball, his company has been crucial in the
founding of the Valspar Championship and has been the primary media and
advertising firm for numerous major charitable events that have raised tens of
millions of dollars for Tampa Bay charities for over 35 years. On top of all
this he was a devoted volunteer for city affairs, art and theater projects, the
Chamber of Commerce, his Church and many other civic organizations of the
Tampa and St. Petersburg areas and well as national organizations.
Dick and his wife Nancy have been avid bromeliad collectors and in
their relatively short time in the hobby at their large garden in Homosassa,
Florida, they have accumulated thousands of plants focusing on Neoregelias,
Aechmeas, Cryptanthus and many other genera. Their Cryptanthus collection
alone numbers over 1000 plants. With Dick’s passing, his family are fulfilling
his wishes that the various organization that Dick contributed to, benefit from
the collection. You will be seeing many of his plants in auctions including the
FWCBS and the BSI/ CS Rare Plant Auctions at the WBC. The Daileys at-
tended four World Conferences of the Bromeliad Society International, nu-
merous bromeliad FCBS’s Extravaganzas and many other bromeliad shows.
Although Dick will not be there in June, I’m sure he would have been very
happy to see his plants go to a good cause.

Dick was active in the Florida West Coast Bromeliad Society for
nearly 10 years. He was the immediate past-President of the FWCBS having
served a two year term and continued to serve on the Board of Directors until
his passing. He volunteered to be nominated for the Cryptanthus Society
presidency this past year and following his election he jumped right in and
immediately after the first Zoom Board meeting, he generously volunteered
his firm and IT personnel to resurrect the CryptanthusSociety.net web site.
Within weeks and by our second Zoom meeting we had acquired Cryptan-
thusSociety.net and a new framework was up and running. With the upcom-
ing World Bromeliad Conference in his backyard, Dick worked with organ-
izers to confirm our prominent status at the event. I encourage you to read
Dick’s President’s messages in the July-Sept 2021 and Oct-Dec 2021 CSJ
issues and his visions for our future.
Dick Dailey joined the Cryptanthus Society family only a few years
ago and he felt like he could do even more by becoming our President. He
was so correct! In his community he has earned an impressive legacy with
his work and volunteering; with the Cryptanthus Society, Dick has also
earned our thanks and gratitude for all he did for us in his short tenure.
Dr. Larry Giroux, CS Editor
Species and Reflections for an Uncertain Future

By Moises Besalel, Columbia, S.A.
Usually, when a year is over, we start to reflect on what we have

done in the past and immediately we begin thinking about what we will do in
the future.
Well, in retrospect to what we have done in the past; undoubtedly
our cryptanthus friends have left indelible marks in the great adventure of
cultivating cryptanthus with beautiful and colorful hybrids, which fascinate
the eye and the inclusion of spectacular species, which exhibit variable forms
and cultivation habits; all of these enchanted cryptanthus collectors and
urged them on to experiment with them in hybridizing and other genetic
manipulations.
Now we must set our thoughts to the future; we must assume the
following considerations:
A.- Hybridization efforts can and should be expanded, since indeed there is
still a great genetic potential waiting to be
discovered and utilized.
B.- Undoubtedly, the hybrids, achieved to
date, are a good start from which to continue
developing characteristics of size (example
(Left) The hybrid Cryptanthus ‘Tidal Wave’,
made by Carole Richtmyer, can have 4” wide
and 12” long leaves given the right cultural
conditions. Photo by Carole Richtmyer.
Cryptanthus ‘Oklahoma Sunset’, a hy-
brid by Bob Whitman, was selected at
the 1989 “All Cryptanthus Show” as the
“Best New Introduction for 1989”. This
cross of ’Mars’ and ’BonTon’ demon-
strates the very strong genetically domi-
nant barred longitudinal stripe of
‘Mars’. Photo by Bob Whitman.
The author envisions new hy-

brids combining dominant
characteristics of various spe-
cies such as the patterns and
petiolate stems of C. beuckerl
(right) and the barring of C.
zonatus.(left) while retaining
the smaller size of C. brevifoli-
us. Photos from the CSA.
Cryptanthus ‘Tidal Wave’, an extraordinary giant), foliar distribution of

trichomes (example Cryptanthus ‘Oklahoma Sunset’) and flower colors with
inflorescences of green or pink petals.
C.- There are still many described species, which open infinite doors of
possibilities for combination of genetic material. This will allow us to
imagine such larger cryptanthus petiolates, such as seen with Aechmea
tayoensis; cryptanthus with the form of C.beuckeri, but with banding like C.
zonatus. Likewise we can create cryptanthus as small as a C.brevifolius, but
with C.beuckeri or C.zonatus markings. Really, with the diversity of forms,
patterns and other characteristics, the imagination has no limits when it
comes to hybridizing new cryptanthus.
But an idea is floating in my mind; what about the species? Are they
already forgotten and little cultivated plants?
My duty as a lover of cryptanthus and a member of the honorable
Cryptanthus Society, is to think about the conservation of the species and
how to contribute to the reproduction and propagation of these species, not
only vegetatively (offsets) and clonally (tissue culture), but also sexually
(from seed). Seed production of species, would allow a great opportunity to
distribute these endangered plants into cultivation and allow for the
reintroduced into nature. This method would lead to natural reproduction
with fewer problems and help to develop a healthy population dynamics in
their specific habitat.
Let us remember the sad cases of Cryptanthus fosterianus,
Cryptanthus bivittatus and Cryptanthus latifolius, just a few species that are
now extinct or practically extinct in their natural habitat and that can only

reproduce vegetatively, because we do not have two genetically different
clones in the same proximity. With most of the Cryptanthus Group of
species, this requirement for two distinct gene sources prevents cross-
pollination within a common population and consequently, there is no
production of viable seeds that allow us to reproduce from seedlings.
Reflections:
1.- A minimum number of individuals are needed for vegetative
reproduction to guarantee the survival of a species.
2.- A Cryptanthus species need two genetically different populations in
relatively close proximity to cross-pollinate to produce seeds (many species
have only one remaining population, so what will eventually happen?).
3.- In my opinion, the Cryptanthus Society should have a more
conservationist approach and direct its efforts towards the recovery, rescue,
conservation and reproduction of species, since without a doubt we will have
a fundamental role in the survival of many species. Let us remember the fate
of Cryptanthus latifolius ‘Formati’, SE-27 (today Rokautskyia), whose
habitat is currently totally destroyed. If collectors had not preserved it in
cultivation, its story would have been very different
In conclusion, I have considered the creation of a project in
conjunction with members and non-members of the Cryptanthus Society
who want to participate, for the rescue of all the species that still exist in
cultivation and for the reproduction from seeds of the species; so that we
will be able to propagate and create a genetic background that guarantees the
survival and cultivation of our beloved Cryptanthus throughout the world.
We must think of new challenges, and leave new footprints while
following in the footsteps of Harry Luther, Bob Whitman, Warren Loose,
Larry Giroux, Carole Richtmyer and so many other collectors, who were and
are dedicated to the preservation of the old while creating the new. My
aspirations are great, but since I was a teenager, I have been inspired and
taught by friends of cryptanthus in Venezuela,
what it really is to have a love for cryptanthus and
to be able to share that adoration with others.
This specimen is Rokautskyi latifolia
‘Formati’ (SEL 1987-0240) at MSBG in the
1990’s. It is a direct descendant of the SE27
plant donated by Bob Whitman. Its natural
habitat no longer exists. Photo by Larry
Giroux
Please submit articles about your plants or friends’ plants and gardens,
places you visit; photographs of great plants, good plants and bad plants
and tell me what’s happening. If you acquire a cryptanthus and it has an
unusual name or you think it is new, send me the information and let’s see
if it is a new hybrid and should be registered. I can’t out right advertise a
business as such, but I can write about it and let others know what is avail-
able. There are so many things I can expand upon for our readers’ enter-
tainment and education. Thanks for anything you can provide for the CS
Journal. Dr. Larry Giroux, CS Editor
Editor’s note: The following is a re-printing of excerpts from the article Miscellaneous
new species in the “Cryptanthoid complex” (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from
Eastern Brazil
ELTON M.C. LEME, OTÁVIO B.C. RIBEIRO, FERNANDA VIDIGAL D. SOUZA,
EVERTON HILO DESOUZA, LUDOVIC J.C. KOLLMANN & ANDRÉ P.
FONTANA
This article was originally published in Phytotaxa 430 (3): 157–202, https://
www.mapress.com/j/pt/, Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press.
The original article consists of the identification, discovery, description and
discussion of 18 new species of the “Cryptanthus complex”; however, the re-printing in
this issue only includes portions of the article with specifics of the new Forzzaea Species,
Forzzaea. psuedomicra
Future issues of the Cryptanthus Journal will include the additional new
species of the Cryptanthus group described by Leme et al.
Many thanks to Elton Leme for his permission to re-publish this article and
included photographs.
Miscellaneous new species in the “Cryptanthoid complex”

(Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) from Eastern Brazil
ELTON M.C. LEME1;2, OTÁVIO B.C. RIBEIRO3, FERNANDA VIDIGAL
D. SOUZA4, EVERTON HILO DESOUZA5, LUDOVIC J.C. KOLLMANN6
& ANDRÉ P. FONTANA7
1Collaborative Researcher, Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
2Research Associate, Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, USA.
3Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Depto. Biologia Vegetal, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG,
Brazil. E-mail: otavio@rupestris.com.br
4Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura,
Cruz das Almas, Bahia, CEP 44380-000, Brazil. E-mail: fernanda-souza@embrapa.br
5Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Programa de Pós-graduação em
Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, CEP 44380-000, Brazil. E-mail:
hilosouza@gmail.com
6Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão, Av. José Ruschi, 4, Santa Teresa, Espírito
Santo, CEP 29.650-000, Brazil. E-mail: ludokoll@yahoo.com.br
7Núcleo de Ecologia e Monitoramento Ambiental-NEMA, Universidade do Vale do
São Francisco, Campus Ciências Agrárias, Petrolina,Pernambuco, Brazil. E-mail:
andrepaviotti@yahoo.com.br
Author for correspondence: Elton M.C. Leme, leme@tjrj.jus.br
Phytotaxa 430 (3): 157–202, https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/, Copyright ©
2020 Magnolia Press
Abstract
The authors describe and illustrate 18 new species of the “Cryptanhoid complex”,
encompassing the genera Cryptanthus (C. cruzalmensis, C. guanduensis, C.
santateresinhensis, and C. univittatus), Forzzaea (F. coutensis, F. flavipetala, F.
pseudomicra, and F. viridifolia), Hoplocryptanthus (H. knegtianus), Orthophytum subg.
Orthophytum (O. alagoanum, O. brejoense, O. formosense, O. minimum, and O.
santosianum), Orthophytum subg. Capixabanthus (O. arcanum), and
Orthophytum subg. Clavanthus (O. cristaliense, O. gouveianum, and O.
viridissimum). Besides, identification keys are provided for the first time for
the species of the recently described genus Forzzaea and for Orthophytum
subgenera Capixabanthus and Clavanthus.
(CSJ Editor’s note: The new species of the Forzzaea Genus described in
the original article, Forzzaea pseudomicra is reprinted in this issue of the
Cryptanthus Society Journal at this time. Neither the Introduction,
Material and Method or Results as provided in the original article are
reprinted in this issue of the CSJ. I refer you to CSJ, Vol XXXV, No.3,
Apr-June 2020 or the original article for that information)
Forzzaea Leme, S. Heller & Zizka (2017: 65)
The genus Forzzaea was recently described (Leme et al. 2017) to
circumscribe three discordant species removed from Cryptanthus. It is
characterized by homogamous plants with succulent or thick coriaceous,
pronouncedly spiny leaves. The inflorescence is compound or rarely simple,
sessile and corymbose, with sessile, fragrant flowers. Sepals are usually
connate at the base to ca. 1/2 of their length or sometimes free, while the
unappendaged petals have elliptic-ovate or rarely lanceolate blades, usually
shortly connate at the base to ca. 1/7 of their length or sometimes free, 2.5–5
times longer than wide, suberect to spreading-recurved at anthesis, white or
rarely pale greenish-yellowish. The anthers are usually strongly recurved to
spirally recurved at anthesis, while the stigma presents the simple-erect or
simple-patent types with tendency to simple-dilated. The persistent sepals
attached to the fruits vary from equaling fruits length to 1.5 times longer, and
seeds are large, 2–8 in number per fruit.
Forzzaea is endemic to the western-northeastern part of the
Meridional Plateau of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais state, well
known as the Diamantina Plateau (not to be confused with Chapada
Diamantina on the Septentrional Plateau of the Espinhaço Range, in Bahia
state). It currently comprises a total of seven species (including the new
species described below), usually living in epilithic and saxicolous
(sometimes terrestrial) condition, frequently in the organic material
accumulated in rock crevices, on quartizitic rocky outcrops in the domain of
Campos Rupestres, above 700 m elevation.
Key to the species of Forzzaea
1. Leaf blades to 7 cm long and to 0.6 cm wide ..........................................2
1a. Leaf blades longer than 10 cm and wider than 0.6 cm..............................3
2. Leaf blades 1.1–4.1 × 0.15–0.3 cm, subdensely lepidote adaxially,with
trichomes not obscuring the leaf color; sepals free; petals white, free;
stigma lobes sparsely papillate.................................................... F. micra
2a. Leaf blades 4–7 × 0.4–0.6 cm, densely lepidote adaxially, with trichomes
almost completely obscuring the leaf color; sepals
connate at the base for 1–1.5 mm; petals yellowish-white, connate at the
base for 2–4 mm; stigma lobes without papillae ............. F. pseudomicra
3. Leaf blades densely white lepidote on both surfaces, dark reddish, reddish
-purple throughout or at least toward the apex but usually
the color completely concealed by the trichomes, the surfaces slightly if
at all contrasting with each other ............................................................4
3a. Leaf blades adaxially glabrous and usually light green or sometimes red
toward the apex, with the surfaces strongly contrasting with each
other .................................................................................... F. viridifolia
4. Leaf blades 1.5–3.5 cm wide; flowers 26–32 mm long; sepals acute to
obtuse and apiculate ...............................................................................5
4a. Leaf blades 0.7–0.9 cm wide; flowers 21–22 mm long; sepals acuminate
-attenuate ..............................................................................F. coutensis
5. Leaf blades 30–45 cm long; sepals connate for 5–7 mm; petals greenish
-yellow ................................................................................F. flavipetala
5a. Leaf blades to 20 cm long; sepals connate to 1–3 mm; petals
white .......................................................................................................6
6. Leaves spreading to arcuate; leaf blades surface with an inconspicuous relief
of inner leaf margins (if any), margins spinose; spines 1–2 mm long, narrowly
triangular; inflorescence pseudosimple …………...……..F. leopoldo-horstii
6a. Leaves distinctly recurved; leaf blades surface with a conspicuous relief
of inner leaf margins on both surfaces, margins pectinatedentate;
spines 2–3 mm long, broadly triangular; inflorescence distinctly
compound ............................................................................... F. warasii
2.4 Forzzaea viridifolia Leme & O.B.C. Ribeiro, sp. nov. (Figs. 8 A.G)
Diagnosis:.This new species is morphologically closely related to F.
leopoldo-horstii, but differs from it by the leaf blades adaxially glabrous (vs.
densely white lepidote) and usually light green (vs. dark reddish, reddish-
purple throughout or at least toward the apex), with both surfaces strongly
contrasting with each other (vs. slightly if at all contrasting), sepals
acuminate (vs. acute to subobtuse and mucronulate), and petals shorter (ca.
18 mm vs. 23.25 mm).
Type:.BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Couto de Magalhaes de Minas, road to
Cachoeira da Fabrica, 828 m elevation, 18‹07f25h S, 43‹27f00.5h W, 9
August 2017, E. Leme 9229, O. Ribeiro & R. Oliveira (holotype RB!).
Description:. Plants stemless, propagating by short shoots or short and stout
stolons of ca. 5 x 1 cm. Leaves 10-15 in number, thick coriaceous mainly
toward the base, suberect to spreading-curved, forming a subdense rosette;
sheath subtrapeziform, 1.5-2 x 3-3.5 cm, whitish, glabrous adaxially,
abaxially glabrescent toward the base, densely and coarsely white lepidote at
distal end; blade sublinear-attenuate, ending in a caudate apex, 15-28 x 1.8-
2.2 cm, slightly canaliculate to nearly flat, finely nerved abaxially, light
green or sometimes red toward the apex, the surfaces strongly contrasting
with each other, adaxial side glabrous, abaxial side completely covered by a
coarse layer of whitish trichomes; margins subdensely to laxly spinose;
spines 1.5-3 mm long, 4-9 mm apart, triangular, slightly uncinate, prevailing
antrorse. Inflorescence sessile, compound, ca. 2 cm long, ca. 3 cm in
diameter (not including the primary bracts); primary bracts resembling the
leaves, subspreading to suberect, curved; flower fascicles ca. 8 in number,
densely arranged, complanate to pulvinate, excluding the petals 15 x 8-10
mm, 3-6-flowered; floral bracts narrowly subtriangular-ovate, acute, hyaline
and membranaceous toward the base, greenish toward the apex, white
lepidote at the apex with fimbriate trichomes, glabrous elsewhere, finely
nerved, slightly exceeded by the sepals, carinate,

Copyright © Magnolia Press
FIGURE 8. Forzzaea viridifolia from Couto de Magalhães de Minas, Minas Gerais

state (Leme 9229 et al.): A. General view of the Campos Rupestres vegetation at the
type locality. B–D. Saxicolous habit at the type locality. E. Simple-erect stigma type. F
–G. Details of he inflorescence and flowers. (Photography by the authors- Leme et al.)
10-13 x 4-7 mm, margins entire or remotely and irregularly denticulate.
Flowers all perfect, sessile, 21-24 mm long, fragrant; sepals narrowly ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 8 x 2-3 mm, connate at the base for ca. 2 mm, white,
glabrous, obtusely carinate or carinate mainly toward the apex; petals
spathulate, 18 x 5.5-6 mm, shortly connate at the base for ca. 1 mm, white,
subacute to rounded, distinctly longer than the stamens but spreading at
anthesis and exposing them, bearing 2 conspicuous longitudinal callosities to
ca. 10 mm above the base; filaments subequal in length, 12-14 mm long, the
antesepalous ones adnate to the petals for ca. 1 mm, the antepetalous ones
adnate to the petals for ca. 3 mm; anthers 2.5-3 mm long, dorsifixed near the
base, base distinctly bilobed, apex apiculate, strongly recurved at anthesis;
pollen oblate, ca. 40 µm in diameter (longest axis), sulcate, sulcus bearing
sparse exine elements, margins strongly irregular and indistinct, exine
microreticulate; ovary 3-4 x 3 mm, trigonous, white, glabrous; epigynous
tube lacking; ovules few, obtuse; placentation apical; style slightly exceeding
the anthers; stigma simple-erect, white, lobes longer than broad, free,
narrowly spathulate, transversely U-shaped, apical margins inconspicuously
scalloped, without papillae. Fruits narrowly ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoidal, 10 x
6-7 mm, white except for the green apex, persistent sepals about equaling the
fruit length; seeds 4-7 in number, 3-4 x 2.5 mm long, yellowish.
Distribution, habitat and conservation:. The known occurrence of F.
viridifolia is concentrated at the northeastern border of the Diamantina
Plateau, at the limits of the meridional portion of the Espinhaco Range, which
is separated northwards from the Septentrional Plateau by the depression of
Couto de Magalhaes. The known subpopulations are concentrated at the type
locality, in the county of Couto de Magalhães de Minas, at altitudes between
800 and 1000 m, not far from the border with Sāo Goncalo do Rio Preto. In
comparison, the known population of F. leopoldo-horstii has a southward
distribution, in the vicinities of the counties of Diamantina and Gouveia, at
altitudes from 1000 m to 1400 m.
Forzzaea viridifolia usually forms large and dense saxicolous
groups of plants, growing in crevices on vertical quartizitic rock formation
typical of the Campos Rupestres, as well as on accumulated organic substrate
on inclined to nearly horizontal rock outcrops, both in sunny and in more
shaded places, where groups of plants are even larger (Fig. A–D).
Nevertheless, the known subpopulations are rather small and occupy a
geographically limited area. Taken into consideration the current knowledge
about the populations, it must be considered critically endangered (CR) on
the basis of the “A.1. c + d” and “B. 2. a. + b. i to iv” criteria adopted by
IUCN (2012).
Etymology:—The name of this new species is a direct reference to the light
green color of the adaxial surface of its leaf blades, which immediately
demonstrates its distinctness in comparison to other known species. It is
based on the Latin words viridis, meaning ‘green’, and folium, folia, meaning
‘leaves’.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes):–– BRAZIL. Minas Gerais:
Couto de Magalhães de Minas, road to Garimpo Acaba-Saco, 1008 m
elevation, 18°08’06.2” S, 43°28’21.3” W, 18 November 2015, E. Leme 9080
& O. Ribeiro (RB); ibidem, right side of Manso River, proximity of
Cachoeira da Fábrica, trail toward Garimpo, 902 m elevation, 18°07’29.5” S,
43°26’10.6” W, 9 August 2017, E. Leme 9230, O. Ribeiro & R. Oliveira
(RB!).
Observations:—Forzzaea viridifolia is morphologically closely related to F.
leopoldo-horstii, but can be easily distinguished from it at first glance by the
adaxially glabrous leaf blades (vs. densely white lepidote), which are light
green (Fig. 8 B–C) or sometimes red toward the apex (Fig. 8 D) with the
color not obscured by the tricomes (vs. dark reddish, reddish-purple
throughout or at least toward the apex with the color partially obscured by
the trichomes) with surfaces strongly contrasting with each other (vs. slightly
if at all contrasting). This feature is consistent and was observed and
documented all over its area of occurrence without remarkable variation,
except for a small group of plants with leaves red toward the apex but the
color not obscured by the trichomes (Fig. 8 D). Other important differences
in relation to F. leopoldo-horsti are the acuminate sepals (vs. acute to
subobtuse and mucronulate), and the shorter petals (ca. 18 mm vs. 23–25
mm), besides pollen with sulcus margins strongly irregular (vs. not at all
irregular) and indistinct (vs. weakly distinct). longer than the stamens but
spreading at anthesis and exposing them, bearing 2 conspicuous longidutinal
callosities to 5–8 mm above the base; filaments subequal in length, 8–9 mm
long, adnate to the petals for 2–4 mm and forming an inconspicuous basal
concrescence with the style; anthers ca. 2.5 mm long, dorsifixed near the
base, base distinctly bilobed, apex apiculate, strongly recurved mainly at late
anthesis; pollen oblate, ca. 50 μm in diameter (longest axis), sulcate, sulcus
bearing sparse exine elements, margins indistinct, exine microreticulate;
ovary ca. 2.5 × 2 mm, trigonous, white, glabrous; epigynous tube lacking;
ovules few (ca. 6 in number), obtuse; placentation apical; style exceeding
the anthers; stigma simple-erect, yellowish, lobes longer than broad, partially
connate at the base, nearly flat at the apex, spathulate, rounded, apical
margins entire, without papillae. Fruits unknown.
Although the locality of
the small populations of
this new species,
Forzzaea viridifolia, are
in the proximity of the
other three new Forzzaea
species discovered and
described in this article
by Leme et al, its closest
relative, Forzzaea leo-
poldo-horstii was discov-
ered further to the south,
albeit in similar terrain.
As mentioned in previous
issues, this area of Minas Gerais is very scenic with waterfalls, rivers,
historical towns and rocky outcropping, making it a popular vacationing
area. Map from iheartbrazil.com.

Editor’s notes on Forzzaea viridifolia: In 2015 Leme and Ribeiro first dis-
covered this new species, Forzzaea viridifolia, in Couto de Magalhaes de
Minas in the State of Minas Gerais, but it wasn’t until 2017, when they re-
turned with Oliveira to a nearby region that along with the other new
Forzzaea species, F. pseudomicra, they found an additional population of F.
viridifolia near the Manzo River. I refer you to the pictures in the CSJ Sept-
Dec. 2021 and of this issue of the habitat of this beautiful region of Brazil
frequented by vacationers.
Among the known species of Forzzaea, F. viridifolia is unique in
lacking the abundance of scurf or trichomes found on the upper portion of
the leaves of the other species of this Genera (warasii, leopoldo-horstii, mi-
cra, pseudomicra, flavipetala and coutensis).
Leme distinguishes F. viridifolia from its closest known relative, F.
leopoldo-horstii by the obvious attributes of the lack of scurf (viridifolia) vs.
generalized scurf (leopoldo-horstii) and at blooming the length difference in
the petals where the new species’ petals are longer, among other less obvious
differing attributes. He does not emphasis the red distal leaf coloration some-
times noted with viridifolia, since leopoldo-horstii hides its red coloration
beneath its covering of scurf, albeit, its less obvious reddish coloration is
usually generalized.
Copyright © Magnolia Press
Closer examination of the newly described species (right), Forzzaea viridifolia and
a previously described Forzzaea species, Forzzaea leopoldo-horstii (left) demon-
strates some of the differences that Leme et al mentions in their article between
Forzzaea viridifolia and its closest known relative, Forzzaea leopoldo-horstii. Petals
are longer by 5-7 mm with viridifolia; Scurf is absence on the upper portion of the
leaves with viridifolia. Because of the absence of scurf, the underlying color is more
vivid and discernible. Certain clones of F. leopoldo-horstii tend to have a general-
ized reddish base color and some will become redder due to cultural factors, but
due to the thick scurf, this is not as evident. Leme notes that there are small sub-
populations of F. viridifolia that are distinctly reddish on the distal portion of their
leaves (see included pictures). It might be added that the spines are wider spaced
with the new species and because of the lack of scurf, we do not see “waffling” of
the leaves with F. viridifolia as we see with the other plants of this Genera. Photo of
F. leopoldo-horstii by Larry Giroux. Photo of F. viridifolia by Leme et al.
New Cryptanthus Group Cultivar Registrations
By Larry Giroux
In lieu of sending new Cryptanthus Group Hybrids to the BCR, you can send
pictures and descriptions to Drlarry@comcast.net. Following publication
they will be forwarded to Geoff Lawn, BCR Registrar.
To help standardize the registration of new hybrids and cultivars, the

Cryptanthus Society has been using a 2 page form, which objectivizes the
characteristics of your plant for future reference. The New Cryptanthus
Group Hybrid Registration Committee asks that you submit this completed
form (fill it out as best as you can) when sending new registrations to us. We
condense it to the form you see printed in the Journal for you. When Geoff
Lawn, the BSI Registrar receives the information after publication, he
further condenses it for inclusion in the BSI BCR records. If you have not
obtained this form at some time, I will be glad to send you an electronic copy.
Request the form from DrLarry@comcast.net.
Cryptanthus Note the discrepancy in

the width of lower and
‘Royce Ann’ upper leaves. The
somewhat widely
spaced scurfy barring
and a maroon stripe
are restricted to the
central portion of the
leaves.
Cryptanthus ‘Royce Ann’

Cryptanthus ’Bonnie’ x ‘Jennifer’
Date of cross: 2019
Hybridizer: Zelpha Pahapay
Number of leaves: +/- 9; Leaf type: lan-
ceolate; Leaf serration: dense; Leaf un-
dulation: Wavy; Radial symmetry: Open round; Cross section: channeled; Diame-
ter: medium 8-12” (20-30 cm). Growth habit: flat; Multiples-Mounding; Offset repro-
duction: between the leaves, . Petal color: White; Fragrant– unknown; Blooming confor-
mation: Flattens, blooms in center of plant. Distinguishing characteristics: The slightly
glossy leaves are narrow below and wider above. They have an emerald green base color
with light maroon edges and a single maroon central longitudinal stripe. There are
sparsely spaced silvery white bars, restricted to the center of the leaves. Description by
Geoff Lawn; photo by Zelpha Pahapay.
Earth Star Exchange
Your Best Source for Cryptanthus Species and the
Older and Newest Cultivars - Please
support Cryptanthus Growers
Moderator- Virginia Schrenker Email: virgl7@yahoo.com (“L”7 not “one”7)
Participation in the Earth Star Exchange is open to both Commercial and Non-
commercial Cryptanthus growers for the exchange or sale of Cryptanthus. Contact
Virginia Schrenker or Larry Giroux for information on how to join.
Carole Richtmyer Michael’s Bromeliads

18814 Cypress Mountain Drive 973 First Dirt Road
Spring, Texas 77388 Venice, Fl 34292
(281) 350-6809, (941)488-1002, in-
PLANOBROM@aol.com fo@michaelsbromeliads.com
Bromagic Bromeliad Nursery Tropiflora

Keith Golinski 3530 Tallevast Rd.
421 Hunchy Road Sarasota, FL 34243-3940
Palmwoods, QLD, Australia 4555 Phone: 941-351-2267,
Phone/FAX: 07 5445 0441 FAX: 941-351-6985
bromagic@ozemail.com.au http://www.tropiflora.com
http://www.ozemail.com.au/~bromagic
Jimbo’s Nursery
Rainforest Flora Inc. 15019 8th St. W
19121 Hawthorne Blvd. Santa Fe, Texas 77517
Torrance, CA 90503 409-789-1277
Phone: (310) 370-8044 Jimbosnursery75@gmail.com
http://www.rainforestflora.com
Ed Edmiston
105 Sena Dr.
Metairie, LA 70005
210-378-7716
edmiston1@gmail.com
Dr. Larry Giroux

3836 Hidden Acres Circle N
North Fort Myers, Fl 33903
239-850-4048, DrLarry@comcast.net
Non-US Subscribers to the Cryptanthus Society Journal...before you

send in your renewal dues by international money order, please check
with the
CS Treasurer– Allyn Pearlman
6422 Bankside Drive Houston, Tx 77096
713-858-3047-cell 713-772-7831-home
deliboys@comcast.net
You are Cordially Invited to Join
The Bromeliad Society
International
Subscribe now to receive a full color, quarterly Journal.
This totally redesigned publication contains articles and information for
the amateur and the professional.
Learn about new species, hybrids, botany, collecting, growing, exhibiting and
judging through the Journal and other publications available through the society.
Meet other bromeliad enthusiasts around the world through the pages of the
Journal, correspondence, conferences, shows and educational meetings.
THE PURPOSE OF THIS NON-PROFIT CORPORATION IS TO PROMOTE AND
MAINTAIN PUBLIC AND SCIENTIFIC INTEREST IN THE RESEARCH,
DEVELOPMENT, PRESERVATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BROMELIADS, BOTH
NATURAL AND HYBRID, THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.
Everyone interested in bromeliads, in learning more about them, in

growing them, and participating in the activities of The Bromeliad
Society International is welcome to become a member. Annual dues are:
Individual and Dual: Call for various subscription rates. Call or email
about their new exciting, E-membership rate.
For more information including other membership category dues, etc., and an
application, please write to: Cherie Lee 24672 PINE RIDGE HOCKLEY TX
77447-5000 Cherie.d.lee@sbsglobal.net 832-566-5786
cherie.d.lee@sbcglobal.net 832-566-5786
Three Cryptanthus
Group species considered
extinct in the wild (EW)
Rokautskyia latifolia
SEL 1987-240A
Cryptanthus fosterianus
SEL 1997-077
Cryptanthus bivittatus
bivittatus
Although there are

probably many more
Cryptanthus Group
species, which no
longer exists in their
natural habitat and are
considered extinct in
the wild (EW), the areas
of Brazil where these
plants are endemic are
extensive and some are
not easily accessible or
are protected; this limits
confirmation of their
continued presence.
Unfortunately poaching
for commercial gain
and personal use as
well as the destruction
and development of
their native habitat are
continuing detrimental
processes not easily
remedied.

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Cryptanthus Society Journal

HYBRID REGISTRATION—Please send all New Cryptanthus Cultivar Registrations to

HONORARY TRUSTEES OF THE CRYPTANTHUS SOCIETY

Racine S. Foster, USA Grace M. Goode, O.A.M.,Australia

Departments, Information and Subscriptions

2 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

Vol. XXXVII Jan-Mar

4 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

If you are wanting to attend a Bromeliad Show where CRYPTAN-

SOUTHWEST BROMELIAD GUILD—-Hosted by the River Ridge

8 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

Carole Richtmyer, CS Secretary

10 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022 11

love to hear from those in the know and I

14 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

Carole Richtmyer, CS Secretary

Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022 15

Growing or NOT Growing Forzzaea warasii

“Hello Larry, I was so surprised to find (Forzzaea) warasii flowering in

Photo 1 (by Larry Giroux) is one

Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022 17

18 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

Dr. Larry Giroux, CS Editor

Species and Reflections for an Uncertain Future

Usually, when a year is over, we start to reflect on what we have

The author envisions new hy-

Cryptanthus ‘Tidal Wave’, an extraordinary giant), foliar distribution of

20 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

Miscellaneous new species in the “Cryptanthoid complex”

24 Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022

FIGURE 8. Forzzaea viridifolia from Couto de Magalhães de Minas, Minas Gerais

Cryptanthus Society Journal Vol. XXXVII No. 1 Jan-Mar 2022 27

Copyright © Magnolia Press

To help standardize the registration of new hybrids and cultivars, the

Cryptanthus Note the discrepancy in

Cryptanthus ‘Royce Ann’

Carole Richtmyer Michael’s Bromeliads

Bromagic Bromeliad Nursery Tropiflora

Dr. Larry Giroux

Non-US Subscribers to the Cryptanthus Society Journal...before you

Everyone interested in bromeliads, in learning more about them, in

Although there are

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