中英对照：2019年政府工作报告双语（完整版）

公众号“高斋 CATTI”上有免费政府工作报告讲解；公众号“高斋外刊双语精读”上有免费最新外刊精读，
各平台 40 万+粉丝，也可加我个人微信：gaozhai33，欢迎围观我朋友圈。谢谢！
第 1 页共 63 页
政府工作报告
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT
——2019 年 3 月 5 日在第十三届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上
Delivered at the Second Session of the 13th National People's Congress

of the
People's Republic of China on March 5, 2019
国务院总理李克强
Li Keqiang
Premier of the State Council
各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,
现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出
意见。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of
the government and ask for your deliberation and approval. I also invite
comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’
s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2018 年工作回顾
I. 2018 in Review
过去一年是全面贯彻党的十九大精神开局之年，是本届政府依法履职第一年。我
国发展面临多年少有的国内外复杂严峻形势，经济出现新的下行压力。在以习近
平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以习近平新时代中国特色社会
主义思想为指导，砥砺奋进，攻坚克难，完成全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，
决胜全面建成小康社会又取得新的重大进展。微博@高斋翻硕
The year 2018 was the first year for putting the guiding principles of
the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China fully into
effect. It was also this government’s first to perform, in accordance
第 1 页共 63 页
with law, the functions of office. In pursuing development this year,

China faced a complicated and challenging domestic and international
environment of a kind rarely seen in many years, and its economy came under
new downward pressure.
Under the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi
Jinping at its core, we, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, guided
by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New
Era, forged ahead and overcame difficulties. The year's main targets for
economic and social development were accomplished, and in building a
moderately prosperous society in all respects, we made major progress
toward a decisive victory.
——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值增长 6.6%，总量突破 90 万亿元。

经济增速与用电、货运等实物量指标相匹配。居民消费价格上涨 2.1%。国际收
支基本平衡。城镇新增就业 1361 万人、调查失业率稳定在 5%左右的较低水平。
近 14 亿人口的发展中大国，实现比较充分就业至关重要。微博@高斋翻硕
The main economic indicators were kept within an appropriate range. Gross
domestic product (GDP) grew by 6.6 percent, exceeding 90 trillion yuan.
Economic growth matched electricity consumption, freight transport, and
other indicators. Consumer prices rose by 2.1 percent. In the balance of
payments a basic equilibrium was maintained. A further 13.61 million new
urban jobs were added, and the surveyed unemployment rate remained stable
at a comparatively low level of around 5 percent. For a big developing
country with a population close to 1.4 billion like ours, attaining
relatively full employment is critical.
——经济结构不断优化。消费拉动经济增长作用进一步增强。服务业对经济增长
贡献率接近 60%，高技术产业、装备制造业增速明显快于一般工业，农业再获丰
收。单位国内生产总值能耗下降 3.1%。质量和效益继续提升。
Economic structure was further improved. Consumption continued to play

an increasing role in driving economic growth. The service sector's
contribution to growth approached 60 percent. Growth in high-tech
industries and equipment manufacturing outstripped that of other
industries. Harvests were again good. Energy consumption per unit of GDP
fell by 3.1 percent. The quality and returns of growth continued to
improve.
——发展新动能快速成长。嫦娥四号等一批重大科技创新成果相继问世。新兴产
业蓬勃发展，传统产业加快转型升级。大众创业万众创新深入推进，日均新设企
业超过 1.8 万户，市场主体总量超过 1 亿户。新动能正在深刻改变生产生活方式、
塑造中国发展新优势。
第 2 页共 63 页
New growth drivers grew rapidly. A number of major scientific and

technological innovations were made, like the Chang'e-4 lunar probe.
Emerging industries thrived and traditional industries saw faster
transformation and upgrading. Business startups and innovation continued
to surge nationwide, with an average of over 18,000 new businesses opening
daily and the total number of market entities passing the 100 million mark.
New growth drivers are now profoundly changing our mode of production and
way of life, creating new strengths for China's development.
——改革开放取得新突破。国务院及地方政府机构改革顺利实施。重点领域改革
迈出新的步伐，市场准入负面清单制度全面实行，简政放权、放管结合、优化服
务改革力度加大，营商环境国际排名大幅上升。对外开放全方位扩大，共建“一
带一路”取得重要进展。首届中国国际进口博览会成功举办，海南自贸试验区启
动建设。货物进出口总额超过 30 万亿元，实际使用外资 1383 亿美元、稳居发展
中国家首位。微博@高斋翻硕
New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up. Institutional

reforms of both the State Council and local governments were implemented
smoothly. New progress was made in reform in key fields. The negative list
system for market access was put fully into effect. Reforms to streamline
administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade
services were intensified, and our business environment rose
significantly in international rankings. Opening up was expanded on all
fronts, and joint efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)
made significant headway. The first China International Import Expo was
a success. Work began on building the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone.
China's total volume of trade in goods exceeded 30 trillion yuan, and its
utilized foreign investment totaled US$138.3 billion, ranking China first
among developing countries.
——三大攻坚战开局良好。防范化解重大风险，宏观杠杆率趋于稳定，金融运行
总体平稳。精准脱贫有力推进，农村贫困人口减少 1386 万，易地扶贫搬迁 280
万人。污染防治得到加强，细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降，生态文明建设成
效显著。微博@高斋翻硕
The three critical battles got off to a good start.1 We forestalled and
defused major risks. The macro leverage ratio trended toward a stable
level; the financial sector was generally stable. Precision poverty
alleviation made significant progress, with the rural poor population
reduced by 13.86 million, including 2.8 million people assisted through
relocation from inhospitable areas. Pollution prevention and control was
strengthened, and PM2.5 density continued to fall. Marked achievements
were made in ecological conservation.
第 3 页共 63 页
——人民生活持续改善。居民人均可支配收入实际增长 6.5%。提高个人所得税
起征点，设立 6 项专项附加扣除。加大基本养老、基本医疗等保障力度，资助各
类学校家庭困难学生近 1 亿人次。棚户区住房改造 620 多万套，农村危房改造
190 万户。城乡居民生活水平又有新提高。微博@高斋翻硕
Living standards continued to improve. Per capita disposable personal

income grew by 6.5 percent in real terms. The threshold for individual
income tax was raised and six special additional deductions were created.
Support for basic elderly care and basic health care was strengthened.
Close to 100 million payments were made to assist students from families
in financial difficulty, covering all school types. More than 6.2 million
housing units were rebuilt in rundown urban areas and 1.9 million
dilapidated rural houses were renovated. Urban and rural living standards
continued to rise.
我们隆重庆祝改革开放 40 周年，深刻总结改革开放的伟大成就和宝贵经验，郑
重宣示在新时代将改革开放进行到底的坚定决心，激励全国各族人民接续奋斗，
再创新的历史伟业。微博@高斋翻硕
We solemnly commemorated the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up,

thoroughly reviewed its great achievements and the valuable experience
gained in its pursuit, and pledged our resolve to see reform and opening
up through in the new era, thus galvanizing the Chinese people of all
ethnic groups to continue their hard work to make new historic
achievements.
回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。我们面对的是深刻变化的外部环境。经济全球化
遭遇波折，多边主义受到冲击，国际金融市场震荡，特别是中美经贸摩擦给一些
企业生产经营、市场预期带来不利影响。我们面对的是经济转型阵痛凸显的严峻
挑战。新老矛盾交织，周期性、结构性问题叠加，经济运行稳中有变、变中有忧。
我们面对的是两难多难问题增多的复杂局面。实现稳增长、防风险等多重目标，
完成经济社会发展等多项任务，处理好当前与长远等多种关系，政策抉择和工作
推进的难度明显加大。经过全国上下共同努力，我国经济发展在高基数上总体平
稳、稳中有进，社会大局保持稳定。这再次表明，在中国共产党领导下，中国人
民有战胜任何艰难险阻的勇气、智慧和力量，中国的发展没有过不去的坎。
Looking back at the past year, we can see that our achievements did not
come easily.
What we faced was profound change in our external environment. Setbacks

in economic globalization, challenges to multilateralism, shocks in the
international financial market, and especially the China-US economic and
trade frictions, had an adverse effect on the production and business
operations of some companies and on market expectations.
第 4 页共 63 页
What we faced were severe challenges caused by the growing pains of

economic transformation. An interlacing of old and new issues and a
combination of cyclical and structural problems brought changes in what
was a generally stable economic performance, some of which caused concern.
What we faced was a complicated terrain of increasing dilemmas. We had

multiple targets to attain, like ensuring stable growth and preventing
risks; multiple tasks to complete, like promoting economic and social
development; and multiple relationships to handle, like that between
short-term and long-term interests. And the difficulty of making policy
choices and moving work forward increased markedly.
With the concerted efforts of the whole country, the Chinese economy, from
a larger base, achieved generally stable growth while making further
progress; and social stability was ensured. This once again shows that
the Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,
have the courage, vision, and strength to prevail over any difficulty or
obstacle. There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome in China's
pursuit of development!
一年来，我们深入贯彻以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署，坚持稳中求进工
作总基调，统筹稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险，稳妥应对中美经贸
摩擦，着力稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期，主要做了以下
工作。微博@高斋翻硕
Over the past year, we fully implemented all major policies and plans made
by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. We
followed the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring
stability, and worked holistically to maintain stable growth, advance
reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard
against risks. We handled economic and trade frictions with the United
States appropriately. We worked to ensure stable employment, a stable
financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable
domestic investment, and stable expectations. Our main work of the past
year was as follows.
一是创新和完善宏观调控，经济保持平稳运行。面对新情况新变化，我们坚持不
搞“大水漫灌”式强刺激，保持宏观政策连续性稳定性，在区间调控基础上加强
定向、相机调控，主动预调、微调。坚持实施积极的财政政策，着力减税降费、
补短板调结构。下调增值税税率，扩大享受税收优惠小微企业范围，出台鼓励研
发创新等税收政策。全年为企业和个人减税降费约 1.3 万亿元。优化财政支出结
构，盘活财政存量资金，重点领域支出得到保障。坚持实施稳健的货币政策，引
导金融支持实体经济。针对融资难融资贵问题，先后 4 次降低存款准备金率，多
措并举缓解民营和小微企业资金紧张状况，融资成本上升势头得到初步遏制。及
第 5 页共 63 页
时应对股市、债市异常波动，人民币汇率基本稳定，外汇储备保持在 3 万亿美元
以上。
First, we developed new ways to improve macro regulation and ensured a

generally stable economic performance.
Facing new circumstances and developments, we were firm in choosing
not to adopt a deluge of strong stimulus policies, and we maintained the

continuity and consistency of macro policies. As we conducted regulation
to keep main economic indicators within an appropriate range, we also
improved targeted and well-timed regulation, and carried out anticipatory
adjustments and fine-tuning.
We continued to pursue a proactive fiscal policy, focusing on cutting

taxes and fees, strengthening areas of weakness, and promoting structural
adjustment. We reduced VAT rates and expanded the coverage of tax relief
for small businesses with low profits, and introduced preferential tax
policies to encourage R&D and innovation. Over the year, the tax and fee
burden on enterprises and individuals was thus reduced by around 1.3
trillion yuan. We improved the composition of budgetary spending, put idle
budgetary funds to use, and ensured spending in key areas.
We maintained a prudent monetary policy and encouraged financial support

for the real economy. In response to the difficulties and high costs of
financing, we reduced required reserve ratios four times, and applied a
combination of measures to ease funding shortages faced by private
enterprises and small and micro businesses. Initial success was thus made
in curbing the rising cost of financing.
We promptly responded to abnormal fluctuations in the stock and bond

markets, and kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable. China's foreign
exchange reserves were maintained at over US$3 trillion.
二是扎实打好三大攻坚战，重点任务取得积极进展。制定并有序实施三大攻坚战
三年行动方案。稳步推进结构性去杠杆，稳妥处置金融领域风险，防控地方政府
债务风险，改革完善房地产市场调控机制。深入推进精准脱贫，加强扶贫力量，
加大资金投入，强化社会帮扶，贫困地区自我发展能力稳步提高。全面开展蓝天、
碧水、净土保卫战。优化能源和运输结构。稳妥推进北方地区“煤改气”“煤改
电”。全面建立河长制、湖长制。化肥农药使用量实现双下降。加强生态环保督
察执法。积极应对气候变化。微博@高斋翻硕
Second, we took solid action in the three critical battles and made good
progress in carrying out key tasks.
第 6 页共 63 页
We drew up and began the systematic implementation of a three-year action

plan for the three critical battles.
We made steady progress in structural deleveraging, handled risks in the

financial sector prudently and appropriately, prevented and controlled
local government debt risks, and reformed and improved mechanisms for
conducting regulation over the real estate market.
We made further progress in precision poverty alleviation. We

strengthened poverty relief capacity, increased budgetary input, and
encouraged society to assist poverty alleviation. The self-development
capacity of poverty-stricken areas was steadily enhanced.
We launched an all-out fight to keep our skies blue, our waters clear,
and our land pollution-free. Energy and transportation structures were
upgraded. The replacement of coal with natural gas and electricity in
North China was steadily advanced. The system of river chiefs and lake
chiefs was established across the country. The use of both chemical
fertilizers and pesticides was reduced. Inspections and law enforcement
for environmental protection were strengthened. And we took active steps
to respond to climate change
三是深化供给侧结构性改革，实体经济活力不断释放。加大“破、立、降”力度。
推进钢铁、煤炭行业市场化去产能。实施稳投资举措，制造业投资、民间投资增
速明显回升。出台促进居民消费政策。全面推进“互联网+”，运用新技术新模
式改造传统产业。深入推进简政减税减费。取消一批行政许可事项，“证照分离”
改革在全国推开，企业开办时间大幅压缩，工业生产许可证种类压减三分之一以
上。“双随机、一公开”监管全面实施。清理规范各类涉企收费，推动降低用电、
用网和物流等成本。深化“互联网+政务服务”，各地探索推广一批有特色的改
革举措，企业和群众办事便利度不断提高。微博@高斋翻硕
Third, we deepened supply-side structural reform and steadily unleashed

the dynamism of the real economy.
We strengthened work to cut ineffective supply, foster new growth drivers,

and reduce costs in the real economy.
We made progress in using market mechanisms to cut capacity in the steel

and coal industries.
Measures were implemented to ensure stable investment; as a result,

investment in manufacturing and private investment rebounded markedly.
Policies were adopted to stimulate consumer spending. Internet Plus
initiatives were advanced across the board, and new technologies and
第 7 页共 63 页
models were used to transform traditional industries.
We deepened efforts to streamline government functions and cut taxes and

fees. A number of government permits were abolished, the reform separating
permits from the business license was implemented nationwide, the time
needed to start a business was considerably shortened, and the types of
industrial production permits were cut by over a third. Oversight
conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection
targets and the prompt release of results was implemented nationwide.
We overhauled the charges and fees levied on businesses, and encouraged

cuts in the cost of electricity, broadband services, and logistics. We
advanced the Internet Plus Government Services initiative, the local
authorities explored and extended a number of distinctive reform measures,
and both businesses and the public now enjoy increasingly better access
to government services.
四是深入实施创新驱动发展战略，创新能力和效率进一步提升。大力优化创新生
态，调动各类创新主体积极性。深化科技管理体制改革，推进关键核心技术攻关，
加强重大科技基础设施、科技创新中心等建设。强化企业技术创新主体地位，将
提高研发费用加计扣除比例政策扩大至所有企业。制定支持双创深入发展的政策
措施。技术合同成交额增长 30%以上。微博@高斋翻硕
Fourth, we continued to implement the innovation-driven development

strategy and further increased innovation capacity and performance.
We greatly improved the innovation ecosystem to keep innovators of all

kinds fully motivated. The reform of the management system for science
and technology was deepened, steps were taken to achieve breakthroughs
in core technologies for key fields, and the building of major science
and technology infrastructure and innovation centers was stepped up.
We strengthened the principal position of enterprises in technological

innovation, and extended the policy on raising the proportion of
additional tax-deductible R&D costs to cover all enterprises.
We developed policies and measures to support innovation and business

startups. The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by over
30 percent.
五是加大改革开放力度，发展动力继续增强。深化国资国企改革，国有企业优化
重组、提质增效取得新进展。针对民营企业发展遇到的困难和问题，千方百计帮
助解忧纾困。推进财税体制改革，预算绩效管理改革全面启动。改革金融监管体
制，完善利率、汇率市场化形成机制。农业农村、社会事业、生态环保等领域改
第 8 页共 63 页
革不断深化。推出对外开放一系列重大举措。共建“一带一路”引领效应持续释
放，同沿线国家的合作机制不断健全，经贸合作和人文交流加快推进。出台稳外
贸政策，货物通关时间压缩一半以上。下调部分商品进口关税，关税总水平由
9.8%降至 7.5%。新设一批跨境电商综合试验区。复制推广自贸试验区改革经验。
大幅压缩外资准入负面清单，扩大金融、汽车等行业开放，一批重大外资项目落
地，新设外资企业增长近 70% 。微博@高斋翻硕
Fifth, we intensified reform and opening up and continued to strengthen

the momentum of development.
We deepened reforms of state capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs)

and made new gains in upgrading and restructuring SOEs and in improving
their quality and performance. In addressing difficulties and issues
encountered by private enterprises, we used every feasible means to help
them overcome problems and concerns.
We advanced the reform of the fiscal and tax systems, and launched
performance-based budget management reform across the country. We
reformed the financial regulatory system and improved the mechanisms
through which interest rates and exchange rates are set by the market.
Steady progress was made in reforms related to agriculture, rural affairs,
social programs, and environmental protection.
In opening up, we introduced a series of major moves. Joint efforts to

pursue the Belt and Road Initiative are producing a pace-setting effect,
cooperation mechanisms for countries along its routes are steadily
improving, and economic cooperation, trade, and cultural and
people-to-people exchanges under the Initiative have gathered momentum.
We launched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade, and cut

the time needed for customs clearance by more than half. Import tariffs
on some goods were lowered, and the overall tariff level was reduced from
9.8 to 7 .5 percent.
A number of new integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce were

established. Reform measures proven to work in pilot free trade zones were
replicated and applied elsewhere. We shortened significantly the negative
list for foreign investment, opened up sectors like finance and
automobiles wider to foreign competition, and sped up the implementation
of a number of major foreign investment projects. The number of new foreign
enterprises grew by nearly 70 percent.
六是统筹城乡区域发展，良性互动格局加快形成。乡村振兴战略有力实施，粮食
总产量保持在 1.3 万亿斤以上。新型城镇化扎实推进，近 1400 万农业转移人口
第 9 页共 63 页
在城镇落户。推进西部开发、东北振兴、中部崛起、东部率先发展，出台一批改
革创新举措。京津冀协同发展取得明显进展，长江经济带生态优先、绿色发展格
局不断巩固。粤港澳大湾区规划建设迈出实质性步伐，港珠澳大桥建成通车。加
大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区改革发展支持力度。新增高速铁
路运营里程 4100 公里，新建改建高速公路 6000 多公里、农村公路 30 多万公里。
城乡区域发展协调性持续增强。微博@高斋翻硕
Sixth, we pursued balanced development across rural and urban areas and
regions and sped up the formation of a pattern of positive interplay.
The rural revitalization strategy was implemented with vigor; grain

output was kept above 650 million metric tons. Solid progress was made
in the pursuit of new urbanization, and close to 14 million people
originally from rural areas gained permanent urban residency.
A full range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to advance

development in the western region, revitalize the northeast, energize the
central region, and support the eastern region in spearheading
development.
Major progress was made in boosting the coordinated development of the

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Along the Yangtze Economic Belt, efforts
to prioritize ecological conservation and boost green development were
strengthened.
Substantive steps were taken in the planning and building of the

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and the Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was opened to traffic.
We expanded support for reforms and development in old revolutionary base

areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and
poor areas.
Another 4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, and

over 6,000 kilometers of expressways and more than 300,000 kilometers of
rural roads were built or improved.
With all this, the balance in development between rural and urban areas
and between regions has continuously improved
七是坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，改革发展成果更多更公平惠及人民群众。针
对外部环境变化给就业带来的影响，及时出台稳就业举措。大力推动义务教育教
师工资待遇政策落实，加强乡村小规模学校和乡镇寄宿制学校建设。建立企业职
工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度，提高退休人员基本养老金，城乡居民基础养
第 10 页共 63 页
老金最低标准从每月 70 元提高到 88 元。继续提高优抚、低保等标准，残疾人“两

项补贴”惠及所有符合条件人员。加强退役军人服务管理工作，维护退役军人合
法权益。深化医疗、医保、医药联动改革。稳步推进分级诊疗。提高居民基本医
保补助标准和大病保险报销比例。加快新药审评审批改革，17 种抗癌药大幅降
价并纳入国家医保目录。加快推进文化惠民工程，持续加强基层公共文化服务。
全民健身蓬勃开展，体育健儿在国际大赛上再创佳绩。微博@高斋翻硕
Seventh, we continued to ensure and improve living standards in the course

of pursuing development and enabled the people to share more fully and
fairly in the benefits of reform and development.
We took prompt steps to ease the impact of changes in the external

environment on employment.
We made strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay

packages of teachers in compulsory education and stepped up the
development of small rural schools and boarding schools in towns and
townships.
We established a system for the central government to allocate nationwide

enterprise employees' basic aged-care insurance funds, raised retirees'
basic pensions, and increased the minimum basic aged-care pension
benefits for rural and non-working urban residents from 70 to 88 yuan per
person per month.
We continued to increase benefits for entitled groups and subsistence

allowances, and ensured that all people with disabilities who are eligible
can access living allowances and nursing care subsidies.
For demobilized military personnel, we improved service provision and

management and protected their lawful rights and interests.
Coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical

reforms continued. We made steady progress in developing the tiered
diagnosis and treatment model. We raised the level of government subsidies
for rural and non-working urban residents' basic medical insurance and
the reimbursement rate of their serious illness insurance.
The reform for evaluation and approval of new medicines was stepped up;
the prices of 17 cancer drugs were slashed and these drugs were included
in the national medical insurance catalog.
We sped up the implementation of cultural projects designed to benefit

the people, and continued to strengthen public cultural services at the
第 11 页共 63 页
community level. Fitness-for-All activities flourished. Chinese athletes

excelled themselves in international competitions.
八是推进法治政府建设和治理创新，保持社会和谐稳定。提请全国人大常委会审
议法律议案 18 件，制定修订行政法规 37 部。改革调整政府机构设置和职能配置。
深入开展国务院大督查，推动改革发展政策和部署落实。发挥审计监督作用。改
革完善城乡基层治理。创新信访工作方式。改革和加强应急管理，及时有效应对
重大自然灾害，生产安全事故总量和重特大事故数量继续下降。加强食品药品安
全监管，严厉查处长春长生公司等问题疫苗案件。健全国家安全体系。强化社会
治安综合治理，开展扫黑除恶专项斗争，依法打击各类违法犯罪，平安中国建设
取得新进展。微博@高斋翻硕公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We submitted 18 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the

National People's Congress for deliberation, and formulated or revised
37 sets of administrative regulations. We reformed and adjusted the
composition and responsibilities of government bodies. The State Council
conducted major accountability inspections to ensure the implementation
of reform and development policies and plans. We made full use the role
of auditing in oversight.
We reformed and improved urban and rural governance at the primary level.
New approaches were adopted to address public complaints. We reformed and
strengthened emergency management, responded swiftly and effectively to
major natural disasters, and achieved a continued reduction in both the
total number of workplace accidents and the number of serious and major
accidents.
We strengthened oversight over food and drug safety and investigated and
took stern action in defective vaccines cases like that involving
Changchun Changsheng.
We improved the national security system. We strengthened comprehensive

measures to maintain law and order, launched a campaign to combat
organized crime and root out local mafia, and cracked down on crime and
other legal violations in accordance with law. Further headway was made
in carrying out the Peaceful China initiative.
We fully implemented the Party Central Committee's strategic decision on

enforcing full and strict discipline over the Party, and intensified
efforts to improve Party conduct and build a clean government. We moved
to ensure that all Party members, on a regular and institutionalized basis,
work to gain a good command of the Party Constitution, Party regulations,
and General Secretary Xi Jinping's policy addresses and to meet Party
standards
第 12 页共 63 页
认真贯彻党中央全面从严治党战略部署，加强党风廉政建设。推进“两学一做”
学习教育常态化制度化。严格落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，坚定不移纠
正“四风”。严肃查处各类违法违规行为，惩处腐败分子，反腐败斗争取得压倒
性胜利。微博@高斋翻硕
We acted in strict accordance with the central Party leadership's

eight-point decision on conduct and the rules for its implementation. We
took stern action against formalities performed for formalities' sake,
bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. Activities of various types
in violation of laws or regulations were severely punished or prosecuted.
Steps were taken to bring the corrupt to justice, and the fight against
corruption was a resounding success.
过去一年，中国特色大国外交取得新成就。成功举办博鳌亚洲论坛年会、上合组
织青岛峰会、中非合作论坛北京峰会等重大主场外交活动。习近平主席等国家领
导人出访多国，出席亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、二十国集团领导人峰会、
金砖国家领导人会晤、亚欧首脑会议、东亚合作领导人系列会议等重大活动。同
主要大国关系总体稳定，同周边国家关系全面发展，同发展中国家团结合作纽带
更加牢固。推动构建新型国际关系，推动构建人类命运共同体。坚定维护国家主
权、安全、发展利益。经济外交、人文交流成果丰硕。中国致力于促进世界和平
与发展，作出了世人共睹的重要贡献。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
Over the past year, we attained new achievements in pursuing diplomacy

with our own characteristics as a major country. We successfully hosted
major diplomatic events such as the Boao Forum for Asia annual conference,
the Qingdao Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the
Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. President Xi
Jinping and other Chinese leaders visited many countries and attended
major international events, including the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting,
the G20 Leaders Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, the Asia-Europe Meeting,
and the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation.
China's relations with other major countries remained generally stable,

our relations with neighboring countries saw all-round growth, and our
bond of unity and cooperation with other developing countries grew
stronger
We promoted the development of a new type of international relations and

a human community with a shared future, and resolutely protected China's
sovereignty, security, and development interests. Our pursuit of economic
diplomacy and cultural and people-to-people exchanges yielded rich fruit.
China endeavored to promote world peace and development and made important
contributions recognized around the world.
第 13 页共 63 页
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果，是习近
平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结
奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各
界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同
胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际
组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！微博@高斋翻硕
We owe our achievements of the past year to the strong leadership of the
Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound
guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military,
and the people of all ethnic groups in China. On behalf of the State Council,
I express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to
all other political parties, people's organizations, and public figures
from all sectors of society. I express sincere appreciation to our fellow
countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative
regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express our sincere gratitude
to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and
friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support
for China in its endeavor to achieve modernization.
思危方能居安。在充分肯定成绩的同时，要清醒看到我国发展面临的问题和挑战。
世界经济增速放缓，保护主义、单边主义加剧，国际大宗商品价格大幅波动，不
稳定不确定因素明显增加，外部输入性风险上升。国内经济下行压力加大，消费
增速减慢，有效投资增长乏力。实体经济困难较多，民营和小微企业融资难融资
贵问题尚未有效缓解，营商环境与市场主体期待还有差距。自主创新能力不强，
关键核心技术短板问题凸显。一些地方财政收支矛盾较大。金融等领域风险隐患
依然不少。深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚困难较多。生态保护和污染防治任务仍然繁重。
在教育、医疗、养老、住房、食品药品安全、收入分配等方面，群众还有不少不
满意的地方。去年还发生了多起公共安全事件和重大生产安全事故，教训极其深
刻。政府工作存在不足，一些改革发展举措落实不到位，形式主义、官僚主义仍
然突出，督查检查考核过多过频、重留痕轻实绩，加重基层负担。少数干部懒政
怠政。一些领域腐败问题仍然多发。我们一定要直面问题和挑战，勇于担当，恪
尽职守，竭尽全力做好工作，决不辜负人民期待！微博@高斋翻硕
Only alertness to danger will ensure safety. While fully recognizing our
achievements, we must also be clear about the problems and challenges our
country faces in its development.
Growth in the global economy is slowing, protectionism and unilateralism
第 14 页共 63 页
are mounting, and there are drastic fluctuations in the prices of

commodities on the international market. Instability and uncertainty are
visibly increasing, and externally-generated risks are on the rise.
Downward pressure on the Chinese economy continues to increase, growth

in consumption is slowing, and growth in effective investment lacks
momentum. The real economy faces many difficulties. The difficulties that
private firms and small and micro businesses face in accessing affordable
financing have not yet been effectively solved. The business enviro1unent
still falls short of market entities' expectations.
Our capacity for innovation is not strong, and our weakness in terms of
core technologies for key fields remains a salient problem. Budgetary
deficits in some localities are quite large. There are still many risks
and hidden dangers in the financial and other sectors. In deeply
impoverished areas, we still face many difficulties in the fight against
poverty. Ecological conservation and pollution prevention and control
continue to be a weighty task. 微博@高斋翻硕
There is still public dissatisfaction in many areas, such as education,

healthcare, elderly care, housing, food and drug safety, and income
distribution. Last year saw the occurrence of a number of public safety
incidents and major workplace accidents. The lessons these incidents left
us with should never be forgotten.
There is room for improvement in the work of government. Some measures

and policies for reform and development have not been fully implemented.
We still have a serious problem with pointless formalities and
bureaucratism. Excessive and over-frequent inspections and evaluations
and a focus on the superficial to the neglect of the substantive have
increased the burden on officials working at the primary level. A small
number of government employees lack drive. Instances of corruption still
occur frequently in some sectors. 微博@高斋翻硕
We must face the problems and challenges squarely, shoulder our

responsibility, fully perform our duties, and do all we can to truly live
up to people's expectations.
二、2019 年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向
II.Economic and Social Development in 2019:Overall Requirements and

Policy Directions
今年是新中国成立 70 周年，是全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标的
第 15 页共 63 页
关键之年。做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，以习
近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、
三中全会精神，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，协调推进“四个全面”战略布
局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持新发展理念，坚持推动高质量发展，坚持以
供给侧结构性改革为主线，坚持深化市场化改革、扩大高水平开放，加快建设现
代化经济体系，继续打好三大攻坚战，着力激发微观主体活力，创新和完善宏观
调控，统筹推进稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险工作，保持经济运行
在合理区间，进一步稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期，提振
市场信心，增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，保持经济持续健康发展和社
会大局稳定，为全面建成小康社会收官打下决定性基础，以优异成绩庆祝中华人
民共和国成立 70 周年。公众号高斋翻译学堂微博@高斋翻硕
This year is the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic
of China. It will be a crucial year for us as we endeavor to achieve the
first Centenary Goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all
respects. To fulfill the work of government, under the strong leadership
of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we
must:
• follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese

Characteristics for a New Era;
• implement fully the guiding principles of the Party's 19th National

Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of its 19th Central
Committee;
pursue coordinated progress in the five-sphere integrated plan;
pursue balanced progress in the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;
adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring

stability;
continue to apply the new development philosophy;
continue to work for high-quality development;
continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task;
continue to deepen market-orientated reforms and expand high-standard

opening up;
work faster to modernize the economy;
第 16 页共 63 页
continue the three critical battles;
invigorate micro entities;
explore innovations in and improve macro regulation;
make coordinated efforts to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make

structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against
risks;
keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range;
• take further steps to ensure stable employment, a stable financial

sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable domestic
investment, and stable expectations;
• boost market confidence;
• enable people to feel more satisfied, happy, and secure; and
• sustain healthy economic development and maintain social stability.
By doing the above, we will create the pivotal underpinning for completing
the building of a moderately prosperous society and celebrate with
outstanding accomplishments the 70th anniversary of the founding of the
People's Republic.
综合分析国内外形势，今年我国发展面临的环境更复杂更严峻，可以预料和难以
预料的风险挑战更多更大，要做好打硬仗的充分准备。困难不容低估，信心不可
动摇，干劲不能松懈。我国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期，拥有足够的韧性、巨大
的潜力和不断迸发的创新活力，人民群众追求美好生活的愿望十分强烈。我们有
战胜各种困难挑战的坚定意志和能力，经济长期向好趋势没有也不会改变。
A full analysis of developments in and outside China shows that in pursuing

development this year, we will face a graver and more complicated
environment as well as risks and challenges, foreseeable and otherwise,
that are greater in number and size. We must be fully prepared for a tough
struggle. The difficulties we face must not be underestimated, our
confidence must not be weakened, and the energy we bring to our work must
not be allowed to wane. 微博@高斋翻硕
China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for

development and has ample resilience, enormous potential, and great
creativity to unleash. The longing of our people for a better life is
第 17 页共 63 页
strong. We have the unshakable will and the ability needed to prevail over
difficulties and challenges of any kind, and our economic fundamentals
are sound and will remain sound over the long term.
今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长 6%－6.5%；城镇新增
就业 1100 万人以上，城镇调查失业率 5.5%左右，城镇登记失业率 4.5%以内；居
民消费价格涨幅 3%左右；国际收支基本平衡，进出口稳中提质；宏观杠杆率基
本稳定，金融财政风险有效防控；农村贫困人口减少 1000 万以上，居民收入增
长与经济增长基本同步；生态环境进一步改善，单位国内生产总值能耗下降 3%
左右，主要污染物排放量继续下降。上述主要预期目标，体现了推动高质量发展
要求，符合我国发展实际，与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，是积极稳妥的。实
现这些目标，需要付出艰苦努力。微博@高斋翻硕
With the above in mind, the main projected targets for economic and social
development this year are set as follows:
GDP growth of 6-6.5 percent
Over 11 million new urban jobs, a surveyed urban unemployment rate of

around 5.5 percent, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5
percent
CPI increase of around 3 percent
A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments, and stable,

better-structured imports and exports
A macro leverage ratio that is basically stable, and effective prevention

and control of financial and fiscal risks
A reduction of over 10 million in the rural poor population
Personal income growth that is basically in step with economic growth
A further improvement in the environment
A drop of around 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP Continued

reductions in the discharge of major pollutants
The above projected targets are ambitious but realistic - they represent
our aim of promoting high-quality development, are in keeping with the
current realities of China's development, and are aligned with the goal
of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all
respects. But to realize these goals we need to redouble our efforts. 公
第 18 页共 63 页
众号高斋翻译学堂微博@高斋翻硕
要正确把握宏观政策取向，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，实施就
业优先政策，加强政策协调配合，确保经济运行在合理区间，促进经济社会持续
健康发展。
We will ensure that the right direction is set for the pursuit of our macro
policies. We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a
prudent monetary policy, implement an employment-first policy, and
strengthen the coordination between these policies to keep major economic
indicators within an appropriate range and sustain healthy economic and
social development. 微博@高斋翻硕
积极的财政政策要加力提效。今年赤字率拟按 2.8%安排，比去年预算高 0.2 个

百分点；财政赤字 2.76 万亿元，其中中央财政赤字 1.83 万亿元，地方财政赤字
9300 亿元。适度提高赤字率，综合考虑了财政收支、专项债券发行等因素，也
考虑为应对今后可能出现的风险留出政策空间。今年财政支出超过 23 万亿元，
增长 6.5%。中央对地方均衡性转移支付增长 10.9%。改革完善县级基本财力保障
机制，缓解困难地区财政运转压力，决不让基本民生保障出问题。
We will pursue a proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and

enhance its performance. Deficit-to-GDP ratio this year is projected at
2.8 percent, a 0.2-percentage-point increase over that of last year. The
budgetary deficit is projected at 2.76 trillion yuan, with a central
government deficit of 1.83 trillion yuan and a local government deficit
of 0.93 trillion yuan. In moderately increasing the deficit-to-GDP ratio,
we have given full consideration to factors such as government revenue
and expenditure and the issuance of special bonds; we have also taken into
account the need to leave policy space to address risks that could arise
in the future.
Government expenditure is budgeted at over 23 trillion yuan, a 6.5 percent

increase. The central government's transfer payments to local governments
for equalizing access to basic public services will increase by 10.9
percent. We will reform and improve the mechanism for ensuring basic
fiscal capacity at the county level, ease the pressure of budgetary
constraints faced by localities, and make certain that people's basic
living needs are met.
稳健的货币政策要松紧适度。广义货币 M2 和社会融资规模增速要与国内生产总
值名义增速相匹配，以更好满足经济运行保持在合理区间的需要。在实际执行中，
既要把好货币供给总闸门，不搞“大水漫灌”，又要灵活运用多种货币政策工具，
疏通货币政策传导渠道，保持流动性合理充裕，有效缓解实体经济特别是民营和
小微企业融资难融资贵问题，防范化解金融风险。深化利率市场化改革，降低实
第 19 页共 63 页
际利率水平。完善汇率形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。
Our prudent monetary policy will be eased or tightened to the right degree.
Increases in M2 money supply and aggregate financing should be in keeping
with nominal GDP growth to keep major indicators within an appropriate
range.
In implementation, we will ensure the valve on aggregate monetary supply

is well controlled and refrain from using a deluge of stimulus policies;
but will also use flexibly a variety of monetary policy instruments to
improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, maintain
reasonably sufficient liquidity, effectively mitigate difficulties faced
in the real economy, especially by private enterprises and small and micro
businesses, in accessing affordable financing, and forestall and defuse
financial risks.
We will deepen reforms to strengthen the market's role in setting interest

rates and lower real interest rates. We will improve the exchange rate
mechanism and keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable and at an
adaptive and balanced level.
就业优先政策要全面发力。就业是民生之本、财富之源。今年首次将就业优先政
策置于宏观政策层面，旨在强化各方面重视就业、支持就业的导向。当前和今后
一个时期，我国就业总量压力不减、结构性矛盾凸显，新的影响因素还在增加，
必须把就业摆在更加突出位置。稳增长首要是为保就业。今年城镇新增就业要在
实现预期目标的基础上，力争达到近几年的实际规模，既保障城镇劳动力就业，
也为农业富余劳动力转移就业留出空间。只要就业稳、收入增，我们就更有底气。
An employment-first policy will be pursued with full force. Employment

is the cornerstone of well-being, and the wellspring of wealth. This year,
for the first time, we are elevating the employment-first policy to the
status of a macro policy. This is to increase society-wide attention to
employment and support for it. Both in the immediate future and for some
time to come, the pressure on aggregate job creation will continue
unabated, the related structural issues will become more pronounced, and
new factors that affect employment will continue to grow. All this means
we must give greater priority to increasing employment.
Maintaining stable growth, first and foremost, is to ensure employment.

This year, on top of the urban job creation target, we will work to reach
the actual employment figures of the past few years so as to ensure
employment for the urban workforce while creating non-agricultural
employment opportunities for the surplus rural workforce. With stable
employment and increasing incomes, we can continue to be fully confident.
第 20 页共 63 页
要继续坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，在“巩固、增强、提升、畅通”八个字
上下功夫。更多采取改革的办法，更多运用市场化、法治化手段，巩固“三去一
降一补”成果，增强微观主体活力，提升产业链水平，畅通国民经济循环，推动
经济高质量发展。微博@高斋翻硕
We will continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task,

focusing on consolidating, strengthening, upgrading, and ensuring
unimpeded flows: we will use more reforms and means in accordance with
market principles and law to consolidate the gains made in the five
priority tasks;1 to strengthen the dynamism of micro entities; to upgrade
industrial chains; and to ensure unimpeded flows in the economy, thus
moving toward high-quality development.
要继续打好三大攻坚战，精准发力、务求实效。防范化解重大风险要强化底线思
维，坚持结构性去杠杆，防范金融市场异常波动，稳妥处理地方政府债务风险，
防控输入性风险。精准脱贫要坚持现行标准，聚焦深度贫困地区和特殊贫困群体，
加大攻坚力度，提高脱贫质量。污染防治要聚焦打赢蓝天保卫战等重点任务，统
筹兼顾、标本兼治，使生态环境质量持续改善。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We will continue the three critical battles and adopt precise measures
to deliver solid outcomes.
To forestall and defuse major risks, we should be clear about potential

dangers, continue structural deleveraging, forestall abnormal financial
market fluctuations, deal prudently with local government debt risk, and
guard against and control externally-generated risks.
We will intensify precision poverty alleviation efforts in accordance

with current standards, with the focus on deeply impoverished areas and
the most vulnerable groups to deliver solid outcomes.
In addressing pollution, we will focus on major priorities such as the

fight to keep our skies blue, take a holistic approach, address both
symptoms and root causes, and make continuous improvements to the
environment. 公众号高斋翻译学堂微博@高斋翻硕
做好今年政府工作，要注重把握好以下关系。一要统筹好国内与国际的关系，凝
心聚力办好自己的事。我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，仍是世界最
大发展中国家。发展是解决我国一切问题的基础和关键，必须牢牢扭住经济建设
这个中心，毫不动摇坚持发展是硬道理、发展应该是科学发展和高质量发展的战
略思想，不断解放和发展社会生产力。在国际形势复杂多变的背景下，我们要保
持战略定力，按确定的目标和部署推进工作，更好利用国际国内两个市场两种资
源，敢于应对挑战，善于化危为机，牢牢把握发展主动权。二要平衡好稳增长与
防风险的关系，确保经济持续健康发展。长期积累的诸多风险隐患必须加以化解，
第 21 页共 63 页
但要遵循规律，讲究方式方法，按照坚定、可控、有序、适度要求，在发展中逐
步化解，坚决避免发生系统性、区域性风险。在当前经济下行压力加大情况下，
出台政策和工作举措要有利于稳预期、稳增长、调结构，防控风险要把握好节奏
和力度，防止紧缩效应叠加放大，决不能让经济运行滑出合理区间。同时，也不
能只顾眼前，采取损害长期发展的短期强刺激政策，产生新的风险隐患。三要处
理好政府与市场的关系，依靠改革开放激发市场主体活力。只要市场主体有活力，
就能增强内生发展动力、顶住经济下行压力。要大力推进改革开放，加快建立统
一开放、竞争有序的现代市场体系，放宽市场准入，加强公正监管，打造法治化、
国际化、便利化的营商环境，让各类市场主体更加活跃。从根本上说，市场活力
和社会创造力源于亿万人民积极性的发挥。要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，尽
力而为、量力而行，切实保障基本民生，推动解决重点民生问题，促进社会公平
正义，让人民过上好日子。中国人民勤劳智慧，具有无限的创新创造潜能，只要
充分释放出来，中国的发展就一定会有更为广阔空间。
For the government to deliver this year, we need to get the following
relationships right.
First, we need to handle in a holistic way the relationship between

domestic and international issues, and focus on running our own affairs
well. China is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism;
and it continues to be the world's largest developing country. Development
is the foundation of and key to solving all our country's problems. We
must pursue with dedication the central task of economic development,
never falter in our commitment to the strategic thinking that development
is of paramount importance and that it should be sound and of a high quality,
and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.
Against the backdrop of a complex and fast-changing international

environment, we must maintain strategic focus and carry out work in
accordance with the goals and plans already set. We should make better
use of both international and domestic markets and resources, face
challenges squarely, turn risks into opportunities, and remain firm in
our commitment to pursuing development.
Second, we need to achieve the right balance in the relationship between

maintaining stable growth and guarding against risks, to ensure sustained,
healthy economic development. The many risks and potential problems that
have built up over the years demand stronger mitigating action, but in
doing so we need to observe objective laws and take the right approach.
Our approach must be firm, controllable, and systematic, and it should
be applied with the right degree of intensity. We need to defuse risks
step by step in the course of pursuing development and decisively
forestall any systemic or regional risks.
第 22 页共 63 页
Against the backdrop of mounting downward pressure on the economy, the

policies and measures we adopt should ensure stable expectations, stable
growth, and structural adjustments. In working to forestall and control
risks, we need to get the pace and intensity right. We should see that
the effects of tightening are not amplified, and we must never allow
economic indicators to slide out of the appropriate range.
At the same time, we must not attend only to immediate concerns or adopt
short-term strong stimulus policies that will end up undermining
long-term development and generating new risks.
Third, we need to balance the relationship between government and market,

and energize market entities through reform and opening up. As long as
market entities are energized, we can boost the internal forces driving
development and withstand the downward pressure on the economy. We must
work hard to advance reform and opening up, speed up the establishment
of a unified and open, competitive and orderly modern market system, relax
restrictions on market access, ensure impartial regulation, and create
a business environment based on rule of law that is internationalized and
enabling, in order to energize market entities.
Ultimately, market vitality and social creativity stem from the

initiative of hundreds of millions of people being put into action. We
must stay true to the vision of people-centered development and do
everything within our capacity to meet people's basic needs, resolve key
problems affecting living standards, promote social fairness and justice,
and help our people achieve better lives.
The Chinese are an industrious and talented people and possess boundless
potential for innovation and creativity. All we need to do is unleash that
potential and the space for China's development going forward will
doubtless be vast.
三、2019 年政府工作任务
III. Tasks for 2019
今年经济社会发展任务重、挑战多、要求高。我们要突出重点、把握关键，扎实
做好各项工作。
This year, in pursuing economic and social development, we will face

weighty tasks, many challenges, and high demands. We must have clear
priorities and address crucial issues to deliver a solid performance
across the board.
第 23 页共 63 页
（一）继续创新和完善宏观调控，确保经济运行在合理区间。坚持以市场化改革
的思路和办法破解发展难题，发挥好宏观政策逆周期调节作用，丰富和灵活运用
财政、货币、就业政策工具，增强调控前瞻性、针对性和有效性，为经济平稳运
行创造条件。微博@高斋翻硕
1. We will continue to develop new and improved approaches to macro

regulation and keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate
range.
We will keep using market-oriented reform thinking and approaches to

resolve problems in development; make good use of countercyclical macro
policy regulation; add to and use flexibly financial, monetary, and
employment policy instruments; make regulation more forward-looking,
targeted, and effective; and create the conditions for ensuring a stable
economic performance.
实施更大规模的减税。普惠性减税与结构性减税并举，重点降低制造业和小微企
业税收负担。深化增值税改革，将制造业等行业现行 16%的税率降至 13%，将交
通运输业、建筑业等行业现行 10%的税率降至 9%，确保主要行业税负明显降低；
保持 6%一档的税率不变，但通过采取对生产、生活性服务业增加税收抵扣等配
套措施，确保所有行业税负只减不增，继续向推进税率三档并两档、税制简化方
向迈进。抓好年初出台的小微企业普惠性减税政策落实。这次减税，着眼“放水
养鱼”、增强发展后劲并考虑财政可持续，是减轻企业负担、激发市场活力的重
大举措，是完善税制、优化收入分配格局的重要改革，是宏观政策支持稳增长、
保就业、调结构的重大抉择。微博@高斋翻硕
We will implement larger-scale tax cuts.
We will introduce both general-benefit and structural tax cuts, focusing

primarily on reducing tax burdens in manufacturing and on small and micro
businesses.
VAT reform will be deepened: we will reduce the current rate of 16 percent
in manufacturing and other industries to 13 percent, and lower the rate
in the transportation, construction, and other industries from 10 to 9
percent, thus ensuring that tax burdens in our main industries are
meaningfully reduced; keep the lowest bracket rate unchanged at 6 percent,
while adopting supporting measures, like increased tax deductions for
producer and consumer services, to see that in all industries tax burdens
only go down, not up; and continue making progress toward cutting the
number of VAT brackets from three to two and simplifying the VAT system.
We will ensure that the general-benefit tax cut policies issued at the
start of the year for small and micro businesses are put into effect. Our
moves to cut tax on this occasion aim at an accommodative effect to
第 24 页共 63 页
strengthen the basis for sustained growth while also considering the need
to ensure fiscal sustainability; are a major measure to lighten the burden
on businesses and boost market dynamism; are an important reform to
improve the tax system and achieve better income distribution; and are
the result of a major decision taken at the macro policy level in support
of the efforts to ensure stable economic growth, employment, and
structural adjustments.
明显降低企业社保缴费负担。下调城镇职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例，各地可
降至 16%。稳定现行征缴方式，各地在征收体制改革过程中不得采取增加小微企
业实际缴费负担的做法，不得自行对历史欠费进行集中清缴。继续执行阶段性降
低失业和工伤保险费率政策。今年务必使企业特别是小微企业社保缴费负担有实
质性下降。加快推进养老保险省级统筹改革，继续提高企业职工基本养老保险基
金中央调剂比例、划转部分国有资本充实社保基金。我们既要减轻企业缴费负担，
又要保障职工社保待遇不变、养老金合理增长并按时足额发放，使社保基金可持
续、企业与职工同受益。微博@高斋翻硕
We will significantly reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance

schemes.
We will lower the share borne by employers for urban workers' basic
aged-care insurance, and localities may cut contributions down to 16
percent. The social insurance premium collection methods currently in
operation will be kept unchanged. No locality should take any measure that
increases the burden on small and micro enterprises when reforming their
collection systems, or require, on their own, that longstanding arrears
be paid off in a lump sum. The current policy of reducing premiums for
unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will
continue. This year, premium payments, particularly for small and micro
businesses, must be substantively reduced.
We will speed up reforms in the provincial-level management of aged-care

insurance funds, continue to increase the proportion of enterprise
workers' basic pension funds under central government allocation, and
replenish social security funds through the injection of state capital.
We must reduce burdens on enterprises, but also ensure that employees'
social security benefits remain unchanged and aged-care pensions increase
as appropriate and are paid on time and in full, so that social security
funds are sustainable and both enterprises and employees benefit.
确保减税降费落实到位。减税降费直击当前市场主体的痛点和难点，是既公平又
有效率的政策。全年减轻企业税收和社保缴费负担近 2 万亿元。这会给各级财政
带来很大压力。为支持企业减负，各级政府要过紧日子，想方设法筹集资金。中
央财政要开源节流，增加特定国有金融机构和央企上缴利润，一般性支出压减
第 25 页共 63 页
5%以上、“三公”经费再压减 3%左右，长期沉淀资金一律收回。地方政府也要
主动挖潜，大力优化支出结构，多渠道盘活各类资金和资产。我们要切实让市场
主体特别是小微企业有明显减税降费感受，坚决兑现对企业和社会的承诺，困难
再多也一定要把这件大事办成办好。微博@高斋翻硕
We will ensure tax and fee cuts are fully implemented.
Tax cuts and fee reductions get right to the spot in tackling the pains
and difficulties currently troubling market entities; as a policy option,
they are both fair and efficient. This year, we will reduce the tax burdens
on and social insurance contributions of enterprises by nearly 2 trillion
yuan. This will create big pressure on government budgets at all levels.
To support this lightening of the burden on enterprises, governments at
all levels must tighten their belts and find workable means of raising
funds.
The central government needs to increase revenue and reduce expenditures.

Profits turned in by designated state-owned financial institutions and
enterprises directly under the central government should be increased;
general expenditures should be cut by over 5 percent, spending on official
overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be
cut by another 3 percent, and all funds that have long stayed unused will
be taken back.
Local governments also need to dig deep, take big steps to improve the
mix of spending, and put various funds and assets to good use through
multiple avenues.
We will let market entities, especially small and micro businesses, feel
the weight of their burden being meaningfully lightened, honoring our
promise to enterprises and society, and seeing that no matter the number
of difficulties, this important job gets done and gets done well.
着力缓解企业融资难融资贵问题。改革完善货币信贷投放机制，适时运用存款准
备金率、利率等数量和价格手段，引导金融机构扩大信贷投放、降低贷款成本，
精准有效支持实体经济，不能让资金空转或脱实向虚。加大对中小银行定向降准
力度，释放的资金全部用于民营和小微企业贷款。支持大型商业银行多渠道补充
资本，增强信贷投放能力，鼓励增加制造业中长期贷款和信用贷款。今年国有大
型商业银行小微企业贷款要增长 30%以上。清理规范银行及中介服务收费。完善
金融机构内部考核机制，激励加强普惠金融服务，切实使中小微企业融资紧张状
况有明显改善，综合融资成本必须有明显降低。微博@高斋翻硕
We will work hard to alleviate the difficulties faced by enterprises in

accessing affordable financing.
第 26 页共 63 页
We will reform and refine monetary and credit supply mechanisms, and
employ as needed a combination of quantitative and pricing approaches,
like required reserve ratios and interest rates, to guide financial
institutions in increasing credit supply and bringing down the cost of
borrowing, ensure targeted and efficient support for the real economy,
and avoid funds circulating within the financial sector without entering
the real economy or being diverted out of the real economy.
More targeted cuts will be made to required reserve ratios for medium and
small banks; the additional funds thus released will be lent to private
enterprises and small and micro businesses.
We will support large commercial banks in replenishing capital through

multiple channels, strengthen their capacity to supply credit, and
encourage them to increase medium-and long-term loans and credit loans
to the manufacturing sector. This year, loans to be granted to small and
micro businesses by large state-owned commercial banks will increase by
over 30 percent.
Fees charged for banking and intermediary services will be overhauled.We

will improve the internal assessment mechanisms of financial institutions,
encourage more inclusive financial services, achieve a marked improvement
in providing financing for medium, small, and micro enterprises, and see
that there are definite reductions in overall financing costs.
有效发挥地方政府债券作用。今年拟安排地方政府专项债券 2.15 万亿元，比去

年增加 8000 亿元，为重点项目建设提供资金支持，也为更好防范化解地方政府
债务风险创造条件。合理扩大专项债券使用范围。继续发行一定数量的地方政府
置换债券，减轻地方利息负担。鼓励采取市场化方式，妥善解决融资平台到期债
务问题，不能搞“半拉子”工程。微博@高斋翻硕
We will make effective use of local government bonds.
This year, 2.15 trillion yuan of special local government bonds will be
issued, an 800 billion yuan increase on last year. This is designed to
both provide funding for key projects and create conditions for better
forestalling and defusing local governments' debt risks.
The scope of use for special local government bonds will be moderately
expanded. We will continue the issuance of some local government bonds
to replace outstanding debts in order to reduce the interest payment
burdens of local governments. We will encourage the adoption of market
approaches to solve the issue of maturing debts on financing platforms
and make sure that projects financed by such debts are not stopped half
第 27 页共 63 页
way.
多管齐下稳定和扩大就业。扎实做好高校毕业生、退役军人、农民工等重点群体
就业工作，加强对城镇各类就业困难人员的就业帮扶。对招用农村贫困人口、城
镇登记失业半年以上人员的各类企业，三年内给予定额税费减免。加强对灵活就
业、新就业形态的支持。坚决防止和纠正就业中的性别和身份歧视。实施职业技
能提升行动，从失业保险基金结余中拿出 1000 亿元，用于 1500 万人次以上的职
工技能提升和转岗转业培训。加快发展现代职业教育，既有利于缓解当前就业压
力，也是解决高技能人才短缺的战略之举。改革完善高职院校考试招生办法，鼓
励更多应届高中毕业生和退役军人、下岗职工、农民工等报考，今年大规模扩招
100 万人。扩大高职院校奖助学金覆盖面、提高补助标准，加快学历证书和职业
技能等级证书互通衔接。改革高职院校办学体制，提高办学质量。中央财政大幅
增加对高职院校的投入，地方财政也要加强支持。设立中等职业教育国家奖学金。
支持企业和社会力量兴办职业教育。我们要以现代职业教育的大改革大发展，加
快培养国家发展急需的各类技术技能人才，让更多青年凭借一技之长实现人生价
值，让三百六十行人才荟萃、繁星璀璨。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We will use multiple channels to achieve stable and expanding employment.
We will work to ensure employment for key groups such as college graduates,
demobilized military personnel, and rural migrant workers; and we should
give greater employment support for urban job seekers facing difficulties
in securing employment. Enterprises hiring staff from rural poor people
or urban residents registered as unemployed for at least six months will
be entitled to a fixed amount of tax and fee deductions for three years.
We will strengthen support for flexible employment and new forms of

employment.
We will resolutely protect against and stop gender and identity

discrimination in employment.
We will implement a vocational skills training initiative, and allocate

100 billion yuan from the surplus in unemployment insurance funds to
provide training for over 15 million people upgrading their skills or
switching jobs or industries.
Stepping up the development of modern vocational education is a strategic

move that will not only ease current employment pressure, but also help
to address the shortage of highly-skilled personnel. We will reform and
improve the ways that vocational colleges conduct examinations and
enrollment, encourage more high school graduates, demobilized military
personnel, laid-off workers, and rural migrant workers to apply, and this
year achieve a large-scale expansion of one million in student
第 28 页共 63 页
enrollments.
We will expand the coverage of scholarships and grants for vocational

college students and raise the level of financial assistance, and speed
up work to align vocational technical grade certificates with academic
credentials. We will reform the operating mechanisms of vocational
colleges and raise the quality of vocational education.
The central government will greatly increase fiscal support for

vocational colleges, and local governments should also strengthen their
support. A state scholarship for secondary vocational education will be
established. We will support enterprises and private actors in providing
vocational education. Through major reforms and the development of modern
vocational education, we will move faster to train the different types
of technicians and skilled workers urgently needed in China's development,
enabling more young people to gain professional skills and realize their
potential and producing a vast range of talent ready to shine bright.
（二）激发市场主体活力，着力优化营商环境。我国有上亿市场主体，而且还在
不断增加。把市场主体的活跃度保持住、提上去，是促进经济平稳增长的关键所
在。要深化“放管服”改革，推动降低制度性交易成本，下硬功夫打造好发展软
环境。微博@高斋翻硕
2.We will work to energize market entities and improve the business
environment.
There are hundreds of millions of market entities in China, and the number
continues to grow. The key to promoting stable economic growth lies in
maintaining and increasing their level of activity. We must push forward
with reforms that delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade
services, bring down government-imposed transaction costs, and make every
effort to create an enabling environment for development.
以简审批优服务便利投资兴业。市场配置资源是最有效率的形式。要进一步缩减
市场准入负面清单，推动“非禁即入”普遍落实。政府要坚决把不该管的事项交
给市场，最大限度减少对资源的直接配置，审批事项应减尽减，确需审批的要简
化流程和环节，让企业多用时间跑市场、少费功夫跑审批。今年，要对所有涉企
经营许可事项实行“证照分离”改革，使企业更便捷拿到营业执照并尽快正常运
营，坚决克服“准入不准营”的现象；在全国推开工程建设项目审批制度改革，
使全流程审批时间大幅缩短。推行网上审批和服务，加快实现一网通办、异地可
办，使更多事项不见面办理，确需到现场办的要“一窗受理、限时办结”“最多
跑一次”。持续开展“减证便民”改革行动，不能让繁琐证明来回折腾企业和群
众。建立政务服务“好差评”制度，服务绩效由企业和群众来评判。政府部门做
好服务是本分，服务不好是失职。微博@高斋翻硕
第 29 页共 63 页
We will cut government approvals and improve services to create a

favorable environment for investment and business startups.
Market allocation is the most efficient form of resource allocation. We

will further shorten the negative list on market entry and promote
across-the-board implementation of the policy of "entry unless on the
list." The government must act with resolve to hand matters it shouldn't
manage over to the market, and make maximum reductions to its direct
allocation of resources. Every requirement for government approval that
should be canceled will be canceled. When approval is required, the
procedures and steps involved will be simplified. This will leave
companies to spend more time doing business and less time chasing
approvals.
This year, all permits required of businesses will be separated from the
business license to make it quicker and easier for companies to get a
license and start operating as soon as possible; and we will put an end
to the phenomenon of "letting firms in but not letting them do business."
Reform of the system for construction project approval will be introduced
nationwide, and the time of approval needed at every stage of a project
will be significantly shortened.
We will encourage online approvals and services, and work faster to make
it possible for such services to be accessed via one website and processed
remotely, so that more matters can be handled without the need to be
physically present. For matters that do require presence in person, they
should be processed at a single window, within a specified time, and
without the need for a second visit. We will continue to pursue the Cut
Certification to Create Convenience reform initiative, and see that
businesses and the public are not saddled with running from pillar to post
for certificates.
We will establish a government service evaluation system, and let

businesses and the public judge if our service is up to scratch. Delivering
good services is what a government is meant to do; failure to do so means
failing in its duties.
以公正监管促进公平竞争。公平竞争是市场经济的核心，公正监管是公平竞争的
保障。改革完善公平竞争审查和公正监管制度，加快清理妨碍统一市场和公平竞
争的各种规定和做法。政简易从。规则越简约透明，监管越有力有效。国家层面
重在制定统一的监管规则和标准，地方政府要把主要力量放在公正监管上。推进
“双随机、一公开”跨部门联合监管，推行信用监管和“互联网+监管”改革，
优化环保、消防、税务、市场监管等执法方式，对违法者依法严惩、对守法者无
事不扰。深化综合行政执法改革，清理规范行政处罚事项，坚决治理多头检查、
第 30 页共 63 页
重复检查。对监管者也要强监管、立规矩，决不允许搞选择性执法、任性执法，
决不允许刁难企业和群众。依法打击制售假冒伪劣商品等违法行为，让违法者付
出付不起的代价。用公正监管管出公平、管出效率、管出活力。
We will conduct impartial regulation to promote fair competition.
Fair competition is at the heart of a market economy, and impartial

regulation is a safeguard for fair competition. We will reform and improve
the fair competition review and impartial regulation systems, and move
faster to do away with all regulations and practices that impede the
functioning of a unified market and fair competition.
Simple regulations are easy to follow. The simpler and more transparent
the rules are, the more robust and effective regulation is. At the national
level, the focus is on developing unified regulatory rules and standards,
while local governments should concentrate most of their energy on
conducting impartial regulation.
We will continue interdepartmental oversight conducted through the random

selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release
of results. We will promote credit rating-based regulation and the
Internet Plus Regulation reform initiative, develop better ways of
enforcing laws on environmental protection, fire prevention, tax
collection, and market oversight, and see that law breakers are punished
in accordance with law and the law-abiding are let be.
We will deepen the reform of coordinated law enforcement by government

departments, overhaul government penalties and punitive measures, and
address overlap and duplication in enforcement. Regulators themselves
must also be subject to strong oversight and follow rules. There can be
no tolerance for selective or arbitrary law enforcement or for making
things difficult for businesses and people.
We will, in accordance with law, crack down on violations of law such as

the production and sale of counterfeit and substandard goods, and make
the price to pay for law breakers too dear to afford. We will use impartial
regulation to ensure a fair, efficient, and dynamic market.
以改革推动降低涉企收费。深化电力市场化改革，清理电价附加收费，降低制造
业用电成本，一般工商业平均电价再降低 10%。深化收费公路制度改革，推动降
低过路过桥费用，治理对客货运车辆不合理审批和乱收费、乱罚款。两年内基本
取消全国高速公路省界收费站，实现不停车快捷收费，减少拥堵、便利群众。取
消或降低一批铁路、港口收费。专项治理中介服务收费。继续清理规范行政事业
性收费。加快收费清单“一张网”建设，让收费公开透明，让乱收费无处藏身。
第 31 页共 63 页
We will earn; out reforms to promote reductions in business-related

charges.
We will deepen market-oriented reforms in the electric power sector,

overhaul surcharges on electricity prices, lower electricity costs in
manufacturing, and cut the average electricity price for general
industrial and commercial businesses by another 10 percent.
We will advance the reform of the toll roads system, move to cut tolls
on highways and bridges, and put a stop to unjustified requirements for
approval as well as arbitrary charges and fines on passenger and freight
transport vehicles. Within two years, we will remove almost all expressway
toll booths at provincial borders and make nonstop, swift collection a
reality. This will cut traffic congestion and make road transport more
convenient. A number of railway and port charges will be abolished or
lowered.
We will launch an initiative to address the collection of charges by

intermediary organizations. We will continue reviewing and standardizing
government levied charges. We will speed up the development of a
comprehensive listing system for the collection of fees and charges,
making charge collecting open and transparent and leaving unauthorized
charges no place to hide.
（三）坚持创新引领发展，培育壮大新动能。发挥我国人力人才资源丰富、国内
市场巨大等综合优势，改革创新科技研发和产业化应用机制，大力培育专业精神，
促进新旧动能接续转换。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
3. We will continue to pursue innovation-driven development and foster

new growth drivers.
We will make full use of our country's combined strengths-its abundant

human resources and talent and vast domestic market, reform and develop
new mechanisms for scientific and technological R&D and industrial
application, and foster professionalism, to speed up the replacement of
old growth drivers with new ones.
推动传统产业改造提升。围绕推动制造业高质量发展，强化工业基础和技术创新
能力，促进先进制造业和现代服务业融合发展，加快建设制造强国。打造工业互
联网平台，拓展“智能+”，为制造业转型升级赋能。支持企业加快技术改造和
设备更新，将固定资产加速折旧优惠政策扩大至全部制造业领域。强化质量基础
支撑，推动标准与国际先进水平对接，提升产品和服务品质，让更多国内外用户
选择中国制造、中国服务。微博@高斋翻硕
第 32 页共 63 页
We will work to transform and upgrade traditional industries.
To promote the development of high-quality manufacturing, we will

strengthen the foundations of industry and the capacity for technological
innovation, boost the integrated development of advanced manufacturing
and modernized services, and work faster to make China strong in
manufacturing.
We will create industrial internet platforms and expand Intelligent Plus

initiatives to facilitate transformation and upgrading in manufacturing.
We will support enterprises in speeding up technological transformation
and equipment upgrading by extending the preferential policy of
accelerated depreciation of fixed assets to the entire manufacturing
sector.
We will strengthen the supporting capacity of quality infrastructure,

upgrade our standards to meet advanced international ones, and improve
the quality of products and services to encourage more domestic and
foreign users to choose Chinese goods and services.
促进新兴产业加快发展。深化大数据、人工智能等研发应用，培育新一代信息技
术、高端装备、生物医药、新能源汽车、新材料等新兴产业集群，壮大数字经济。
坚持包容审慎监管，支持新业态新模式发展，促进平台经济、共享经济健康成长。
加快在各行业各领域推进“互联网+”。持续推动网络提速降费。开展城市千兆
宽带入户示范，改造提升远程教育、远程医疗网络，推动移动网络基站扩容升级，
让用户切实感受到网速更快更稳定。今年中小企业宽带平均资费再降低 15%，移
动网络流量平均资费再降低 20%以上，在全国实行“携号转网”，规范套餐设置，
使降费实实在在、消费者明明白白。微博@高斋翻硕
We will work to speed up the growth of emerging industries
We will strengthen R&D and the application of big data and artificial
intelligence technologies, foster clusters of emerging industries like
next-generation information technology, high-end equipment,
bio-medicine, new-energy automobiles, and new materials, and expand the
digital economy. We will continue accommodative and prudential regulation,
support the growth of new forms and models of business, and stimulate the
healthy development of the platform economy and the sharing economy. We
will speed up efforts to pursue Internet Plus initiatives in all
industries and sectors.
We will continue to speed up broadband and lower internet rates. We will

launch demo projects to extend 1,000M broadband connectivity to urban
homes, upgrade networks for distance education and telemedicine, and
第 33 页共 63 页
expand the capacity of mobile telecommunication base stations and upgrade

them, to provide faster and more reliable broadband com1ections for
internet users.
This year, average broadband service rates for small and medium
enterprises will be lowered by another 15 percent, and average rates for
mobile internet services will be further cut by more than 20 percent.
Cellphone subscribers nationwide will be able to keep their numbers while
switching carriers, and cellphone packages will be regulated to achieve
solid fee cuts for all consumers to see.
提升科技支撑能力。加大基础研究和应用基础研究支持力度，强化原始创新，加
强关键核心技术攻关。健全以企业为主体的产学研一体化创新机制。扩大国际创
新合作。全面加强知识产权保护，健全知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度，促进发明
创造和转化运用。科技创新本质上是人的创造性活动。要充分尊重和信任科研人
员，赋予创新团队和领军人才更大的人财物支配权和技术路线决策权。进一步提
高基础研究项目间接经费占比，开展项目经费使用“包干制”改革试点，不设科
目比例限制，由科研团队自主决定使用。要在推动科技体制改革举措落地见效上
下功夫，决不能让改革政策停留在口头上、纸面上。大力简除烦苛，使科研人员
潜心向学、创新突破。加强科研伦理和学风建设，惩戒学术不端，力戒浮躁之风。
我国有世界上最大规模的科技人才队伍，营造良好的科研生态，就一定能够迎来
各类英才竞现、创新成果泉涌的生动局面。微博@高斋翻硕
We will increase our ability to provide scientific and technological

support.
We will increase support for basic research and application-oriented

basic research, step up original innovation, and work harder to achieve
breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields.
We will build enterprise-led mechanisms for bringing together firms,

universities, and research institutes to engage in innovation. Innovation
cooperation with other countries will be expanded. We will strengthen
intellectual property protection across the board, improve the system of
punitive compensation for IP infringements, and promote invention and
creation and their industrial application.
Technological innovation is in essence a human creative activity. We must

fully respect and trust our scientists and researchers, and empower teams
and leaders of innovation by placing more human, financial, and material
resources at their disposal and giving them more power to make decisions
on technology road maps. We will further increase the proportion of
indirect funding for basic research projects, pilot the creation of
ceilings in funding that enable the retention of unused funds, set no
第 34 页共 63 页
limits on the proportions of spending items, and give research teams the
power to decide how to use funds.
We will work to ensure that measures to reform science and technology

management systems are fully implemented, and must not allow reform
policies to become hollow promises. We will work hard to cut red tape to
enable researchers to concentrate on the pursuit of learning, innovation,
and breakthroughs. We will strengthen research ethics, improve academic
practice, take disciplinary action against academic misconduct, and guard
firmly against rash action.
China has the largest pool of scientific and technological personnel in

the world. If we foster a healthy research environment, we'll be sure to
see brilliant and capable people emerge in all fields and create a
boundless stream of innovations.
进一步把大众创业万众创新引向深入。鼓励更多社会主体创新创业，拓展经济社
会发展空间，加强全方位服务，发挥双创示范基地带动作用。强化普惠性支持，
落实好小规模纳税人增值税起征点从月销售额 3 万元提高到 10 万元等税收优惠
政策。改革完善金融支持机制，设立科创板并试点注册制，鼓励发行双创金融债
券，支持发展创业投资。改革完善人才培养、使用、评价机制，优化归国留学人
员和外籍人才服务。把面向市场需求和弘扬人文精神结合起来，善聚善用各类人
才，中国创新一定能更好发展，为人类文明进步作出应有贡献。
We will do more to encourage startups and innovation nationwide.
We will encourage more private actors to engage in innovation and start

businesses, expand the space for economic and social development,
strengthen comprehensive services, and give play to the pathfinding role
of innovation and entrepreneurship demo centers.
We will strengthen inclusive support for innovation and business startups,

and implement preferential tax policies such as raising the VAT threshold
from 30,000 to 100,000 yuan in monthly sales for small-scale taxpayers.
We will reform and improve financial support mechanisms, establish a

science and technology innovation board that will pilot an IPO
registration system, encourage the issuing of special bonds for
innovation and entrepreneurship, and support the growth of venture
capital investment.
We will reform and improve mechanisms for training, employing, and

evaluating capable people and provide better services for students
returning from overseas and foreign professionals. By combining our
第 35 页共 63 页
response to market demand with a championing of the spirit of humanity,

and by bringing together and using well capable people with talents of
all kinds, we will be sure to see better development in Chinese innovation,
and thus do our part for the progress of human civilization.
（四）促进形成强大国内市场，持续释放内需潜力。充分发挥消费的基础作用、
投资的关键作用，稳定国内有效需求，为经济平稳运行提供有力支撑。
4. We will stimulate the development of a robust domestic market and keep

unlocking the potential of domestic demand.
We will fully leverage the basic role of consumption and the key role of
investment, ensure steady effective domestic demand, and thus boost
stable economic performance.
推动消费稳定增长。多措并举促进城乡居民增收，增强消费能力。落实好新修订
的个人所得税法，使符合减税政策的约 8000 万纳税人应享尽享。要顺应消费需
求的新变化，多渠道增加优质产品和服务供给，加快破除民间资本进入的堵点。
我国 60 岁以上人口已达 2.5 亿。要大力发展养老特别是社区养老服务业，对在
社区提供日间照料、康复护理、助餐助行等服务的机构给予税费减免、资金支持、
水电气热价格优惠等扶持，新建居住区应配套建设社区养老服务设施，改革完善
医养结合政策，扩大长期护理保险制度试点，让老年人拥有幸福的晚年，后来人
就有可期的未来。婴幼儿照护事关千家万户。要针对实施全面两孩政策后的新情
况，加快发展多种形式的婴幼儿照护服务，支持社会力量兴办托育服务机构，加
强儿童安全保障。发展壮大旅游产业。稳定汽车消费，继续执行新能源汽车购置
优惠政策。发展消费新业态新模式，促进线上线下消费融合发展。健全农村流通
网络，支持电商和快递发展。加强消费者权益保护，让群众放心消费、便利消费。
We will promote steady growth in consumption.
We will use a combination of measures to increase urban and rural personal

incomes and boost capacity for consumption. We will fully implement the
revised Individual Income Tax Law to see that approximately 80 million
taxpayers to whom reductions apply get the most out of these policies.
We will adapt to new changes in consumption needs, use multiple avenues
to increase the supply of quality products and services, and act faster
to resolve problems and difficulties blocking the entry of private
investment.
The number of people in China aged 60 and above has now reached 250 million.
We will take significant steps to develop elderly care, especially
community elderly care services. We will provide support to institutions
offering services in the community like day care, rehabilitation care,
and assisted meals and assisted mobility using measures such as tax and
第 36 页共 63 页
fee cuts and exemptions, funding support, and reduced charges for water,
electricity, gas, and heating. New residential areas should include
facilities for community elderly care services. We will reform and refine
policies for integrating medical and elderly care services, and extend
trials for long-term care insurance. Only when the elderly live happily
can the young have a future to look forward to.
Infant and child care is important to millions of families. In response

to the new demands created by the full implementation of the two-child
policy, we will move faster to develop various types of infant and child
care services, encourage private actors to run childcare and early
childhood education agencies, and provide better protection for the
safety of our children.
We will develop and strengthen the tourism industry. To maintain steady

automobile consumption, we will continue preferential policies on the
purchase of new-energy vehicles. We will develop new forms and models of
consumption, and promote the growth of both online and offline consumption.
We will improve logistics networks in rural areas and support the
development of e-commerce and express delivery services. We will
strengthen the protection of consumers' rights and interests, and ensure
worry-free and convenient consumption.
合理扩大有效投资。紧扣国家发展战略，加快实施一批重点项目。完成铁路投资
8000 亿元、公路水运投资 1.8 万亿元，再开工一批重大水利工程，加快川藏铁
路规划建设，加大城际交通、物流、市政、灾害防治、民用和通用航空等基础设
施投资力度，加强新一代信息基础设施建设。今年中央预算内投资安排 5776 亿
元，比去年增加 400 亿元。创新项目融资方式，适当降低基础设施等项目资本金
比例，用好开发性金融工具，吸引更多民间资本参与重点领域项目建设。落实民
间投资支持政策，有序推进政府和社会资本合作。政府要带头讲诚信守契约，决
不能“新官不理旧账”，对拖欠企业的款项年底前要清偿一半以上，决不允许增
加新的拖欠。微博@高斋翻硕
We will expand effective investment as appropriate.
We will closely follow national development strategies and accelerate the

implementation of a number of key projects. 800 billion yuan will be
invested in railway construction, 1.8 trillion yuan will be invested in
road construction and waterway projects, and work will start on a number
of major water conservancy projects. We will speed up planning and
construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, and boost infrastructure
investment for intercity transportation, logistics, utilities, disaster
prevention and mitigation, and civil and general aviation. We will further
develop next-generation information infrastructure. This year, 577.6
第 37 页共 63 页
billion yuan is included in the central government budget for related

investment, an increase of 40 billion yuan on last year.
We will explore new forms of project financing, lower as appropriate

capital contribution requirements for infrastructure projects, make good
use of developmental financial instruments, and attract more private
capital into projects in key areas. We will see that policies to encourage
private investment are implemented, and take systematic steps to
strengthen cooperation between the government and private capital.
The government must set an example in acting in good faith and honoring
contracts; new officials must not be allowed to get away with ignoring
obligations undertaken by predecessors. Over 50 percent of overdue
payments to enterprises must be made by the end of the year, and new arrears
are impermissible.
（五）对标全面建成小康社会任务，扎实推进脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴。坚持农业农
村优先发展，加强脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴统筹衔接，确保如期实现脱贫攻坚目标、
农民生活达到全面小康水平。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
5. We will make solid progress in poverty alleviation and rural

revitalization and move closer to completing the tasks of building a
moderately prosperous society in all respects.
We will continue to prioritize the development of agriculture and rural

areas, strengthen both poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and
ensure that the poverty alleviation goals are achieved and rural living
standards reach the level of moderate prosperity in all respects according
to plan.
打好精准脱贫攻坚战。重点解决实现“两不愁三保障”面临的突出问题，加大“三
区三州”等深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚力度，落实对特殊贫困人口的保障措施。脱贫
致富离不开产业支撑，要大力扶持贫困地区特色优势产业发展。开展贫困地区控
辍保学专项行动、明显降低辍学率，继续增加重点高校专项招收农村和贫困地区
学生人数，用好教育这个阻断贫困代际传递的治本之策。基本完成“十三五”易
地扶贫搬迁规划建设任务，加强后续扶持。对摘帽县和脱贫人口的扶持政策要保
持一段时间，巩固脱贫成果。完善考核监督，用好中央脱贫攻坚专项巡视成果。
越是到脱贫攻坚的关键阶段，越要抓实抓细各项工作，确保脱贫有实效、可持续、
经得起历史检验。微博@高斋翻硕
We will beat poverty with precision alleviation.
We will give priority to our work of seeing that the basic living needs
of rural poor populations are met and that such people have access to
第 38 页共 63 页
compulsory education, basic medical services, and housing. We will

intensify poverty alleviation in areas of extreme poverty like the "three
regions and three prefectures,"1 and ensure social safeguards for the most
vulnerable groups.
Eradicating poverty and achieving prosperity cannot be achieved without

the support of industries. We will do more to support impoverished areas
in developing businesses that leverage local strengths.
We will launch an initiative to address school dropout rates and ensure

attendance, and achieve clear reductions in rural student dropout rates
in poor areas. We will continue to increase the size of special enrollment
quotas at key universities for students from rural and poor areas, and
make full use of the fundamental role of education in stopping poverty
from being passed on to the next generation.
We will move toward completion of the 13th Five-Year Plan's construction

tasks for planned relocations of poor populations from inhospitable areas,
and strengthen follow-up support. Support policies that apply to counties
and populations that have recently been lifted out of poverty will be
maintained for a period to consolidate progress in poverty alleviation.
We will improve evaluation and oversight, and ensure that the results of
special inspections on poverty alleviation by central government
inspection teams serve their intended purpose. The further we get in the
crucial stage of the fight, the greater the need, in every aspect of our
work, to tackle real problems with attention paid to details, to be certain
to deliver substantive, sustainable outcomes that stand the test of time.
抓好农业特别是粮食生产。近 14 亿中国人的饭碗，必须牢牢端在自己手上。要
稳定粮食产量，新增高标准农田 8000 万亩以上。稳定生猪等畜禽生产，做好非
洲猪瘟等疫病防控。加快农业科技改革创新，大力发展现代种业，实施地理标志
农产品保护工程，推进农业全程机械化。培育家庭农场、农民合作社等新型经营
主体，加强面向小农户的社会化服务，发展多种形式规模经营。支持返乡入乡创
业创新，推动一二三产业融合发展。务工收入是农民增收的大头。要根治农民工
欠薪问题，抓紧制定专门行政法规，确保付出辛劳和汗水的农民工按时拿到应有
的报酬。微博@高斋翻硕
We will improve agriculture, particularly grain production.
We must ensure, through our efforts, food supply for close to 1.4 billion
people of China. To this end, we will keep grain output stable, and
increase the area of high-standard cropland by no less than 5.33 million
hectares. We will ensure that the production of hogs and other types of
livestock, and poultry, remains stable, and strengthen the prevention and
第 39 页共 63 页
control of epidemics and diseases like African swine fever.
We will speed up reform and innovation in agricultural technologies, make

a big push to develop a modern seed industry, implement programs to protect
agricultural products with geographical indications, and advance the
mechanization of entire agricultural production processes. We will foster
new types of agricultural businesses such as family farms and farmer
cooperatives, improve commercial services catering to small agricultural
households, and develop a diverse range of large-scale agricultural
operations.
We will provide support to people who are returning or moving to the

countryside to start businesses or pursue innovations, and promote the
integrated development of the primary, secondary, and tertiary
industries.
Income from non-agricultural work plays a big part in increasing rural

incomes. We must address at the root wage arrears owed to rural migrant
workers, act fast to draw up government regulations specifically with this
aim, and make sure that our hard-working rural migrant workers get the
pay they have earned on time.
扎实推进乡村建设。科学编制建设规划，大力改善生产生活条件。加快实施农村
饮水安全巩固提升工程，今明两年要解决好饮水困难人口的饮水安全问题，提高
6000 万农村人口供水保障水平。完成新一轮农村电网升级改造。因地制宜开展
农村人居环境整治，推进“厕所革命”、垃圾污水治理，建设美丽乡村。
We will take solid steps to upgrade rural infrastructure.
We will adopt sound development plans to significantly improve living and

working conditions. Implementation will be accelerated of programs to
consolidate and build on progress already made in providing safe drinking
water in rural areas. Remaining problems in access to safe drinking water
will be resolved within two years so that an additional 60 million rural
residents have access to safe drinking water. The new round of rural power
grid upgrading will be completed. We will work to improve rural living
environments in light of local conditions, make progress in the Toilet
Revolution, and improve garbage and sewage treatment to build a beautiful
countryside.
全面深化农村改革。推广农村土地征收、集体经营性建设用地入市、宅基地制度
改革试点成果。深化集体产权、林权、国有林区林场、农垦、供销社等改革。改
革完善农业支持保护体系，健全粮食价格市场化形成机制，扩大政策性农业保险
改革试点。持续深化农村改革，广袤乡村必将焕发新的生机活力。
第 40 页共 63 页
We will deepen comprehensive rural reforms.
We will expand the use of practices proven successful through trials of

rural land requisitions, marketing rural collective land for development
purposes, and reforming the system of rural residential land.
We will deepen reforms relating to collective property rights, forest

tenure, state forestry areas and farms, state farms, and supply and
marketing cooperatives. We will reform and improve the agricultural
protection and support system, refine the market-based pricing mechanism
for grains, and expand trial reforms on policy-based agricultural
insurance. Rural reforms will be deepened, and all these efforts will
without doubt inject new vitality in China's vast countryside.
（六）促进区域协调发展，提高新型城镇化质量。围绕解决发展不平衡不充分问
题，改革完善相关机制和政策，推动区域优势互补、城乡融合发展。
6.We will promote coordinated development across regions and improve the
quality of new urbanization.
To address unbalanced and insufficient development, we will reform and

refine the relevant mechanisms and policies to enable regions to
complement each other with their respective strengths and promote
integrated urban-rural development.
优化区域发展格局。制定西部开发开放新的政策措施，西部地区企业所得税优惠
等政策到期后继续执行。落实和完善促进东北全面振兴、中部地区崛起、东部率
先发展的改革创新举措。京津冀协同发展重在疏解北京非首都功能，高标准建设
雄安新区。落实粤港澳大湾区建设规划，促进规则衔接，推动生产要素流动和人
员往来便利化。将长三角区域一体化发展上升为国家战略，编制实施发展规划纲
要。长江经济带发展要坚持上中下游协同，加强生态保护修复和综合交通运输体
系建设，打造高质量发展经济带。支持资源型地区经济转型。加快补齐革命老区、
民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区发展短板。大力发展蓝色经济，保护海洋环境，
建设海洋强国。微博@高斋翻硕
We will improve the layout of development for all our regions.
To promote development and opening up in the west of China, we will adopt

new policies and measures and continue current policies like corporate
income tax relief for the region on their expiration. Reforms and
innovative measures will be implemented and improved to facilitate
northeast China's full revitalization, central China's rise, and east
China's trailblazing development.
第 41 页共 63 页
In pursuing integrated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,

we will give priority to relieving Beijing of functions nonessential to
its role as the capital and on developing the Xiongan New Area according
to high standards.
In developing the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, we will work

to ensure the implementation of plans, achieving compatibility between
each region's rules, and facilitating flows of factors of production and
the movement of people.
We will elevate the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta to

the status of national strategy and design and implement an overall
development plan.
In the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, we will continue to pursue

coordinated development along the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the
river, and strengthen both the protection and restoration of ecosystems
and the development of a comprehensive transportation system, to create
a belt of quality economic development.
We will support economic transformation in resource-depleted areas. We

will move faster to strengthen development in old revolutionary base areas,
areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas
to help them catch up. We will develop the blue economy, protect the marine
environment, and strengthen China's maritime development.
深入推进新型城镇化。坚持以中心城市引领城市群发展。抓好农业转移人口落户，
推动城镇基本公共服务覆盖常住人口。更好解决群众住房问题，落实城市主体责
任，改革完善住房市场体系和保障体系，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。继续推
进保障性住房建设和城镇棚户区改造，保障困难群体基本居住需求。城镇老旧小
区量大面广，要大力进行改造提升，更新水电路气等配套设施，支持加装电梯，
健全便民市场、便利店、步行街、停车场、无障碍通道等生活服务设施。新型城
镇化要处处体现以人为核心，提高柔性化治理、精细化服务水平，让城市更加宜
居，更具包容和人文关怀。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We will advance new urbanization.
We will continue to stimulate the development of city clusters through

the development of leading cities. We will make more progress in granting
permanent urban residency to people who have moved to cities from the
countryside and work toward making basic urban public services cover all
permanent urban residents.
We will better address people's housing needs, require local governments
第 42 页共 63 页
to shoulder primary responsibility, reform and improve housing market and

support systems, and sustain the steady and healthy development of real
estate markets. We will continue to build government subsidized housing
and rebuild rundown urban areas to meet the basic housing needs of
disadvantaged groups.
Old residential areas in cities are large in both number and area. We will
make a big push toward their regeneration, update their roads, water,
power, and gas supplies and other supporting infrastructure; support the
installation of elevators; and improve amenities like markets,
convenience stores, pedestrian streets, parking lots, and barrier-free
access facilities.
New urbanization should be people-centered in every respect: we need to

be better at conducting flexible governance and providing
thoughtfully-designed services to make our cities more livable and give
them a more inclusive and welcoming feel.
（七）加强污染防治和生态建设，大力推动绿色发展。绿色发展是构建现代化经
济体系的必然要求，是解决污染问题的根本之策。要改革完善相关制度，协同推
动高质量发展与生态环境保护。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
7. We will strengthen pollution prevention and control, enhance

ecological improvement, and make big advances in green development.
Green development is a critical element of modernizing an economy; it is

also a fundamental solution to pollution. We will reform and refine
relevant systems, and pursue both high-quality development and
environmental protection.
持续推进污染防治。巩固扩大蓝天保卫战成果，今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量
要下降 3%，重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降。持续开展京津冀及周边、
长三角、汾渭平原大气污染治理攻坚，加强工业、燃煤、机动车三大污染源治理。
做好北方地区清洁取暖工作，确保群众温暖过冬。强化水、土壤污染防治，今年
化学需氧量、氨氮排放量要下降 2%。加快治理黑臭水体，推进重点流域和近岸
海域综合整治。加强固体废弃物和城市垃圾分类处置。企业作为污染防治主体，
必须依法履行环保责任。改革创新环境治理方式，对企业既依法依规监管，又重
视合理诉求、加强帮扶指导，对需要达标整改的给予合理过渡期，避免处置措施
简单粗暴、一关了之。企业有内在动力和外部压力，污染防治一定能取得更大成
效。微博@高斋翻硕
We will keep intensifying efforts to prevent and control pollution
Gains made in the fight to keep our skies blue will be consolidated and
第 43 页共 63 页
expanded. This year, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions will be
cut by 3 percent, and there will be a continuous decline in PM2.s density
in key areas. We will continue to curb air pollution in and around the
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, in the Yangtze River Delta, and in the
Fenhe-Weihe River Plain area. We will make stronger moves to tackle three
major sources of pollution: industrial production, coal used as fuel, and
motor vehicles. We will make a good job of promoting clean heating in
northern China and ensure people's homes are warm for the winter.
Water and soil pollution prevention and control will be strengthened, and
this year we will achieve a 2-percent drop in both chemical oxygen demand
and ammonia nitrogen emissions. Work to clean up black, malodorous water
bodies will be accelerated; comprehensive measures will be taken to
improve the environment in key river basins and offshore areas. We will
step up sorting in solid waste and urban garbage disposal.
As the primary actors in pollution prevention and control, enterprises

must fulfill their responsibility of protecting the environment according
to law. We need to reform and find new approaches to environmental
governance. While we must conduct oversight over enterprises in
compliance with laws and regulations, we must also heed their justified
concerns and provide better assistance and guidance to them. Enterprises
that need to take measures to meet standards should be given a reasonable
grace period to do so, and we must avoid handling things in a simplistic
and crude way or just shutting firms down to be done with it. When
enterprises have both motivation themselves and external pressure, our
work to prevent and control pollution is certain to produce more effective
results.
壮大绿色环保产业。加快火电、钢铁行业超低排放改造，实施重污染行业达标排
放改造。推进煤炭清洁化利用，加快解决风、光、水电消纳问题。加大城市污水
管网和处理设施建设力度。促进资源节约和循环利用，推广绿色建筑。改革完善
环境经济政策，加快发展绿色金融，培育一批专业化环保骨干企业，提升绿色发
展能力。微博@高斋翻硕
We will strengthen green and environmental protection industries.
We will quicken the pace of upgrading in thermal power, steel, and other
industries to achieve ultra-low emissions, and enforce upgrades in
heavy-polluting sectors to achieve compliance with standards. We will
promote cleaner use of coal, and work faster to address the problem of
idle capacity in wind, solar, and hydroelectric power. The development
of sewer networks and treatment facilities in urban areas will be sped
up. We will boost resource conservation and recycling and encourage the
第 44 页共 63 页
construction of eco-friendly buildings.
We will reform and improve environmental economic policies, accelerate

the development of green finance, develop leading enterprises
specializing in environmental protection, and enhance our capacity for
green development.
加强生态系统保护修复。推进山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程试点，持续抓好国
土绿化、防沙治沙、水土流失治理和生物多样性保护。深化国家公园体制改革。
绿色发展人人有责，贵在行动、成在坚持。我们要共同努力，让人民群众享有美
丽宜居环境。微博@高斋翻硕
We will step up efforts to protect and restore ecosystems.
We will press ahead with trials to conserve and restore the ecosystems
of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests, farmland, and grassland. We will
continue to strengthen afforestation, desertification prevention and
control, the prevention of soil erosion, and the protection of
biodiversity. Reform of the national parks system will be deepened
Promoting green development is down to every last one of us; its success
hinges on action and commitment. We must all work together to create a
beautiful and livable environment for our people.
（八）深化重点领域改革，加快完善市场机制。聚焦突出矛盾和关键环节，
推动相关改革深化，健全与高质量发展相适应的体制机制，把市场活力和社会创
造力充分释放出来。公众号高斋翻译学堂微博@高斋翻硕
8. We will deepen reforms in key sectors and speed up the improvement of

market mechanisms.
We will focus on resolving acute problems and strengthening key links,

deepen relevant reforms, make our systems and mechanisms better able to
promote high-quality development, and fully unlock market dynamism and
social creativity.
加快国资国企改革。加强和完善国有资产监管，推进国有资本投资、运营公司改
革试点，促进国有资产保值增值。积极稳妥推进混合所有制改革。完善公司治理
结构，健全市场化经营机制，建立职业经理人等制度。依法处置“僵尸企业”。
深化电力、油气、铁路等领域改革，自然垄断行业要根据不同行业特点实行网运
分开，将竞争性业务全面推向市场。国有企业要通过改革创新、强身健体，不断
增强发展活力和核心竞争力。微博@高斋翻硕
We will accelerate state capital and SOE reforms.
第 45 页共 63 页
We will strengthen and improve the regulation of state assets, and

continue to conduct trial reforms to establish state capital investment
and management companies, so as to maintain and increase the value of state
assets. Reforms to introduce mixed ownership will be actively but
prudently advanced.
We will improve corporate governance structures, make their operating

mechanisms market-based, and introduce measures and practices such as
hiring professional managers.
We will work in accordance with law to address "zombie enterprises."

Reforms will be deepened in sectors including power, oil and natural gas,
and railways. In natural monopoly industries, network ownership and
operation will be separated in light of the specific conditions of these
industries to make the competitive aspects of their operations fully
market based. SOEs should get stronger and healthier through reform and
innovation to continue increasing their vitality and core
competitiveness.
下大气力优化民营经济发展环境。坚持“两个毫不动摇”，鼓励、支持、引导非
公有制经济发展。按照竞争中性原则，在要素获取、准入许可、经营运行、政府
采购和招投标等方面，对各类所有制企业平等对待。构建亲清新型政商关系，健
全政企沟通机制，激发企业家精神，促进民营经济发展升级。保护产权必须坚定
不移，对侵权行为要依法惩处，对错案冤案要有错必纠。要努力打造良好营商环
境，让企业家安心搞经营、放心办企业。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We will work for big improvements in the development environment for the
private sector.
We will uphold the "two no irresolutions" principle,1 and encourage,

support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. We will
follow the principle of competitive neutrality, so that when it comes to
access to factors of production, market access and licenses, business
operations, government procurement, public biddings, and so on,
enterprises under all forms of ownership will be treated on an equal
footing.
We will foster a new type of cordial and clean relationship between

government and business, improve mechanisms for their communication,
inspire entrepreneurial spirit, and promote development and upgrading in
the private sector.
In the protection of property rights we must be firm and unwavering

Infringements on property rights will be dealt with in accordance with
第 46 页共 63 页
law and any wrongly adjudicated cases will be corrected. We will strive
to create a positive business environment in which entrepreneurs can be
free of concerns in doing business and running companies.
深化财税金融体制改革。加大预算公开改革力度，推进中央与地方财政事权和支
出责任划分改革。健全地方税体系，稳步推进房地产税立法。规范地方政府举债
融资机制。以服务实体经济为导向，改革优化金融体系结构，发展民营银行和社
区银行。改革完善资本市场基础制度，促进多层次资本市场健康稳定发展，提高
直接融资特别是股权融资比重。增强保险业风险保障功能。加强金融风险监测预
警和化解处置。我国财政金融体系总体稳健，可运用的政策工具多，我们有能力
守住不发生系统性风险的底线。微博@高斋翻硕
We will deepen reforms of the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems.
We will take further reform measures to make budgets more transparent,

and promote reform efforts to clearly define the respective fiscal powers
and expenditure responsibilities of central and local governments. We
will improve local tax systems and prudently advance legislation on real
estate tax. We will improve the mechanisms by which local governments
secure financing.
We will reform and improve the structure of the financial system, and
develop private and community banks, to better serve the real economy.
We will reform and improve the basic systems of the capital market to
promote the healthy and steady development of multi-tiered capital
markets. The proportion of direct financing, particularly equity
financing, will be increased The insurance sector's role in protecting
against risk will be enhanced. We will strengthen monitoring, early
warnings, mitigation, and control of financial risks.
China's fiscal and financial systems are on the whole stable, and we have
many policy tools available, so we are fully capable of ensuring that no
systemic risks will emerge.
（九）推动全方位对外开放，培育国际经济合作和竞争新优势。进一步拓展开放
领域、优化开放布局，继续推动商品和要素流动型开放，更加注重规则等制度型
开放，以高水平开放带动改革全面深化。微博@高斋翻硕
9. We will promote all-round opening up and foster new strengths in

international economic cooperation and competition.
We will open more sectors and improve the layout of opening up, continue
to promote opening up based on flows of goods and factors of production,
and give greater emphasis to opening up based on rules and related
第 47 页共 63 页
institutions, driving an all-round deepening of reforms through

high-standard opening up.
促进外贸稳中提质。推动出口市场多元化。扩大出口信用保险覆盖面。改革完善
跨境电商等新业态扶持政策。推动服务贸易创新发展，引导加工贸易转型升级、
向中西部转移，发挥好综合保税区作用。优化进口结构，积极扩大进口。办好第
二届中国国际进口博览会。加快提升通关便利化水平。
We will promote stable and higher quality growth of foreign trade.
We will work to diversify export markets. We will expand the coverage of

export credit insurance, and reform and improve support policies for new
forms of business such as cross-border e-commerce. We will encourage
innovative development in service trade, guide the transformation and
upgrading of processing trade and its shift to the central and western
regions, and give better play to the role of integrated bonded areas. The
import mix will be improved and imports will be actively expanded. We will
host the second China International Import Expo. We will step up efforts
to facilitate customs clearance.
加大吸引外资力度。进一步放宽市场准入，缩减外资准入负面清单，允许更多领
域实行外资独资经营。落实金融等行业改革开放举措，完善债券市场开放政策。
加快与国际通行经贸规则对接，提高政策透明度和执行一致性，营造内外资企业
一视同仁、公平竞争的公正市场环境。加强外商合法权益保护。赋予自贸试验区
更大改革创新自主权，增设上海自贸试验区新片区，推进海南自贸试验区建设、
探索建设中国特色自由贸易港。支持国家级经开区、高新区、新区开展自贸试验
区相关改革试点，增强辐射带动作用，打造改革开放新高地。中国投资环境一定
会越来越好，各国企业在华发展机遇一定会越来越多。
We will do more to attract foreign investment.
We will further relax controls over market access, shorten the negative
list for foreign investment, and permit wholly foreign funded enterprises
to operate in more sectors. We will implement reform and opening up
measures in the financial and other sectors, and improve policies on
opening the bond market. We will further align our policies with
internationally accepted trade rules, enhance policy transparency and
consistency in implementation, and create a fair and impartial market
environment where Chinese and foreign companies are treated as equals and
engage in fair competition. We will strengthen efforts to protect foreign
investors' legitimate rights and interests.
We will grant greater autonomy to pilot free trade zones to carry out
reform and innovation, expand the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone,
第 48 页共 63 页
step up the building of the China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone, and
explore the opening of a free trade port with Chinese features. We will
support national-level economic development zones, new- and high-tech
development zones, and new areas in implementing trial reforms pioneered
and developed in pilot free trade zones, so that they can better lead their
surrounding areas and grow into pacesetters of reform and opening up.
China's investment environment is all set to get better and better, which
means more and more business opportunities for foreign companies in China
are a sure thing
推动共建“一带一路”。坚持共商共建共享，遵循市场原则和国际通行规则，发
挥企业主体作用，推动基础设施互联互通，加强国际产能合作，拓展第三方市场
合作。办好第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛。推动对外投资合作健康有序
发展。
We will promote the joint pursuit of the BRI.
We will adhere to the principle of pursuing shared growth through

discussion and collaboration and observe market principles and
international rules. We will see that enterprises are the main actors,
advance infrastructural connectivity, strengthen international
cooperation on production capacity, and expand third-party market
cooperation. We will host the second Belt and Road Forum for International
Cooperation. We will work to ensure the healthy and orderly growth of
outbound investment and international cooperation.
促进贸易和投资自由化便利化。中国坚定维护经济全球化和自由贸易，积极参与
世贸组织改革。加快构建高标准自贸区网络，推进区域全面经济伙伴关系协定、
中日韩自贸区、中欧投资协定谈判，继续推动中美经贸磋商。中国秉持互利合作、
共赢发展，一贯主张通过平等协商解决贸易争端。我们对作出的承诺认真履行，
对自身合法权益坚决维护。公众号:高斋 CATTI
We will promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
China is committed to safeguarding economic globalization and free trade,

and is actively involved in the reform of the World Trade Organization.
We will accelerate the establishment of a network of high-standard free
trade areas, advance negotiations on the Regional Comprehensive Economic
Partnership, the China-Japan-RoK Free Trade Agreement, and the China-EU
Investment Agreement, and continue to promote China-US trade negotiations.
China is committed to mutually beneficial cooperation, win-win
development and settling trade disputes through discussion as equals. We
faithfully honor our commitments and are resolute in safeguarding our
lawful rights and interests.
第 49 页共 63 页
（十）加快发展社会事业，更好保障和改善民生。今年财政收支平衡压力加大，
但基本民生投入确保只增不减。支持社会力量增加非基本公共服务供给，满足群
众多层次、多样化需求。公众号:高斋 CATTI
10.We will speed up the development of social programs to better ensure

and improve living standards.
Although the pressure of maintaining a balanced budget will grow this year,
inputs to ensure basic living standards will only be increased and not
cut. We will support private actors in boosting the supply of non-basic
public services to meet people's multilevel and diverse needs.
发展更加公平更有质量的教育。推进城乡义务教育一体化发展，加快改善乡村学
校办学条件，抓紧解决城镇学校“大班额”问题，保障进城务工人员随迁子女教
育，发展“互联网+教育”，促进优质资源共享。多渠道扩大学前教育供给，无
论是公办还是民办幼儿园，只要符合安全标准、收费合理、家长放心，政府都要
支持。推进高中阶段教育普及，办好民族教育、特殊教育、继续教育。持续抓好
义务教育教师工资待遇落实。推进一流大学和一流学科建设。今年财力虽然很紧
张，国家财政性教育经费占国内生产总值比例继续保持在 4%以上，中央财政教
育支出安排超过 1 万亿元。我们要切实把宝贵的资金用好，努力办好人民满意的
教育，托起明天的希望。微博@高斋翻硕
We will develop more equitable and higher quality education.
We will promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory

education, move faster to improve conditions in rural schools and to
address the problem of oversized classes in urban schools, ensure access
to education for children living with their migrant worker parents in
cities, develop Internet Plus Education models, and promote quality
resource sharing.
We will increase the supply of pre-school education through multiple

avenues. The government will support all kindergartens that meet safety
standards, charge reasonable fees, and have the trust of parents,
regardless of whether they are public or private. We will continue work
to make senior secondary education universal, and provide quality ethnic
minority education, special needs education, and continuing education.
We will continue to strictly ensure the full payment of pay packages to

teachers working in compulsory education. We will continue efforts to
develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines. This year,
despite significant fiscal constraints, government budgetary spending on
education will remain above 4 percent of GDP, and central government
spending on education will exceed one trillion yuan. We need to use these
第 50 页共 63 页
precious funds well, and work hard to provide education that our people
are happy with, to do justice to our hope for tomorrow.
保障基本医疗卫生服务。继续提高城乡居民基本医保和大病保险保障水平，居民
医保人均财政补助标准增加 30 元，一半用于大病保险。降低并统一大病保险起
付线，报销比例由 50%提高到 60%，进一步减轻大病患者、困难群众医疗负担。
加强重大疾病防治。我国受癌症困扰的家庭以千万计，要实施癌症防治行动，推
进预防筛查、早诊早治和科研攻关，着力缓解民生的痛点。做好常见慢性病防治，
把高血压、糖尿病等门诊用药纳入医保报销。抓紧落实和完善跨省异地就医直接
结算政策，尽快使异地就医患者在所有定点医院能持卡看病、即时结算，切实便
利流动人口和随迁老人。深化公立医院综合改革。促进社会办医。加快建立远程
医疗服务体系，加强基层医护人员培养，提升分级诊疗和家庭医生签约服务质量。
坚持预防为主，将新增基本公共卫生服务财政补助经费全部用于村和社区，务必
让基层群众受益。加强妇幼保健服务。支持中医药事业传承创新发展。药品疫苗
攸关生命安全，必须强化全程监管，对违法者要严惩不贷，对失职渎职者要严肃
查办，坚决守住人民群众生命健康的防线。微博@高斋翻硕
We will ensure access to basic medical and health services.
We will continue to increase basic medical insurance and serious disease

insurance protection for rural and non-working urban residents.
Government subsidies for resident medical insurance will be raised by an
average of 30 yuan per person, half of which is to be used for serious
disease insurance.
We will lower and unify the deductible line for serious disease insurance,
raise the reimbursement rate from 50 to 60 percent, and further reduce
the burden of medical care for people with serious diseases and people
living in poverty.
We will strengthen the prevention and treatment of serious diseases. Tens

of millions of Chinese families are affected by cancer. To ease this pain
that has such an effect on people's lives, we will take action in cancer
prevention and treatment, and promote preventive screening, early
diagnosis and treatment, and breakthroughs in cancer research. We will
improve prevention and treatment of common chronic illnesses. Outpatient
medicines for treating high blood pressure, diabetes, etc., will be made
reimbursable under the medical insurance scheme.
We will speedily implement and improve the policy on interprovincial

on-the-spot settlement of medical bills through basic medical insurance
accounts; we will work as quickly as possible to enable patients to use
their medical insurance cards for medical treatment in any designated
hospitals and settle their bills straight away regardless of the locality.
第 51 页共 63 页
This will make things easier for the migrant population and the elderly
people who accompany them to cities.
We will deepen the comprehensive reform of public hospitals and encourage

the development of privately run hospitals. We will establish a system
for remote medical care services, enhance the training of community
medical workers, and improve services provided both under the tiered
diagnosis and treatment model and by contracted family doctors.
Prevention will continue to be our priority. The increase in government

subsidies for basic public health service expenditures will be used
entirely for villages and communities, to ensure direct benefits to the
people. Maternal and child healthcare services will be improved. We will
support the preservation, innovation, and development of traditional
Chinese medicine.
Drugs and vaccines protect lives. We must strengthen the entire process
of their regulation from production to use. We will bring lawbreakers to
justice, and investigate negligence and the dereliction of duty and hold
the guilty to account, to guard the line protecting the lives and health
of our people.
完善社会保障制度和政策。推进多层次养老保障体系建设。继续提高退休人员基
本养老金。落实退役军人待遇保障，完善退役士兵基本养老、基本医疗保险接续
政策。适当提高城乡低保、专项救助等标准，加强困境儿童保障。加大城镇困难
职工脱困力度。提升残疾预防和康复服务水平。我们要尽力为群众救急解困、雪
中送炭，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢。微博@高斋翻硕
We will improve the social security system and related policies.
We will build a robust multilevel aged-care social protection system and

continue to increase the basic retirement pension. We will ensure benefits
for demobilized military personnel, and improve the policy on their basic
medical insurance and basic aged-care insurance. Urban and rural
subsistence allowances and special assistance programs will be adequately
increased and social protection for children in difficult situations will
be improved. Efforts will be intensified to assist struggling urban
employees to get out of poverty. Disability prevention and rehabilitation
services will be improved. We must do our best to address urgent needs
of people in difficulty, provide help when they need it most and ensure
that the basic living needs of the people are met.
丰富人民群众精神文化生活。培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，广泛开展群众性
精神文明创建活动，大力弘扬奋斗精神、科学精神、劳模精神、工匠精神，汇聚
第 52 页共 63 页
起向上向善的强大力量。加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学。加强互联网内容建设。
繁荣文艺创作，发展新闻出版、广播影视和档案等事业。加强文物保护利用和非
物质文化遗产传承。推动文化事业和文化产业改革发展，提升基层公共文化服务
能力。深化中外人文交流。广泛开展全民健身活动。扎实做好 2020 年奥运会、
残奥会备战工作，精心筹办北京冬奥会、冬残奥会，办好第七届世界军人运动会。
人民群众身心健康，社会就充满活力，国家就繁荣兴旺。
We will work to enrich the intellectual and cultural life of our people.
We will foster and practice core socialist values, carry out a broad range
of public activities to promote cultural and ethical advancement, and
encourage the spirit of struggle, the spirit of science, a role-model work
ethic, and the pursuit of fine workmanship. This will create a powerful
source of aspiration for the pursuit of excellence and moral integrity.
We will accelerate the development of philosophy and social sciences with

Chinese features. We will intensify efforts to improve online content.
We will work to see that art and literature thrive, and develop the press,
publishing, radio, film, television, and archiving. The protection and
use of cultural relics and the preservation of intangible cultural
heritage will be strengthened. We will promote the reform and development
of cultural programs and industries and build stronger public cultural
service capacity at the community level. People-to-people and cultural
exchanges with other countries will be boosted.
Extensive Fitness-for-All activities will be carried out. We will make

sure we're ready for the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, undertake
detailed planning and preparatory work for the 2022 Winter Olympics and
Paralympics in Beijing, and host a successful Seventh World Military Games.
When our people are in good health both mentally and physically, our
society will be full of vitality, and our country will thrive.
加强和创新社会治理。推动社会治理重心向基层下移，推广促进社会和谐的“枫
桥经验”，构建城乡社区治理新格局。引导支持社会组织、人道救助、志愿服务
和慈善事业健康发展。健全社会信用体系。保障妇女、儿童、老人、残疾人合法
权益。改进信访工作，及时解决群众合理诉求。健全国家应急体系，提高防灾减
灾救灾能力。加强安全生产，防范遏制重特大事故。做好地震、气象、水文、地
质、测绘等工作。深化普法宣传教育。加强国家安全能力建设。完善立体化社会
治安防控体系，深入推进扫黑除恶专项斗争，依法惩治盗抢骗黄赌毒等违法犯罪
活动，打击非法集资、传销等经济犯罪，整治侵犯公民个人信息等突出问题，坚
决守护好人民群众的平安生活。微博@高斋翻硕
We will strengthen social governance and explore new ways to conduct

让
第 53 页共 63 页
We will shift the focus of social governance to the community level, extend
the practices of promoting social harmony developed in Fengqiao town,
Zhejiang Province, and develop a new model of urban and rural community
governance. We will guide and support the healthy development of social
organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer services, and charity.
The social credit system will be improved. We will protect the legitimate
rights and interests of women, children, the elderly, and people with
disabilities. We will improve work to address public complaints, and
promptly meet justified public demands.
We will improve the national emergency response system and our capacity
for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. We will strengthen
workplace safety and resolutely guard against and curb the occurrence of
serious and major accidents. Seismological, meteorological, hydrological,
geological, and mapping work will be done well.
We will continue activities to improve public awareness of laws. We will

strengthen national security capacity building.
We will improve the multidimensional crime prevention and control system,

and intensify the special campaign to root out organized crime and local
mafia. We will, in accordance with law, punish illegal and criminal
offenses such as theft, robbery, fraud, pornography, gambling, and
drug-related crime, crack down on economic crimes like illegal fund
raising and pyramid schemes, and tackle prominent problems such as the
abuse of personal information. In short, we will make every effort to
ensure that our people live in peace and safety.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
新的形势和任务，对政府工作提出了新的更高要求。各级政府要树牢“四个意识”，
坚定“四个自信”，坚决做到“两个维护”，自觉在思想上政治上行动上同以习
近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致，落实全面从严治党要求，勇于自我革命，
深入推进简政放权，加快转职能、提效能，增强政府公信力和执行力，更好满足
人民对美好生活的新期待。公众号:高斋 CATTI
The new developments and tasks have created new and higher demands for
the work of government.
At every level of government, we should keep firmly in mind the need to

maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the
leadership core, and keep in alignment. We should strengthen our
第 54 页共 63 页
confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with

Chinese characteristics. We should resolutely uphold General Secretary
Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party
as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee's authority
and its centralized, unified leadership. And we should maintain a high
degree of unity in thought, stance, and action with the Party Central
Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and exercise full and
rigorous self-discipline in the Party.
We should have the courage to conduct self-reform, further streamline

administration and delegate power, speed up the transformation of our
functions and the improvement of our performance, and strengthen
government credibility and capacity for execution, to better meet the
people's new expectations for a better life.
坚持依法全面履职。深入贯彻全面依法治国基本方略，严格遵守宪法法律，把政
府活动全面纳入法治轨道。各级政府要依法接受同级人大及其常委会的监督，自
觉接受人民政协的民主监督，主动接受社会和舆论监督，让权力在阳光下运行。
政府干的，都应是人民盼的。要坚持科学、民主、依法决策，认真听取人大代表、
政协委员意见，听取民主党派、工商联、无党派人士和各人民团体意见，听取社
会公众和企业意见，使各项政策符合基本国情和客观实际，更接地气、更合民意。
全面推进政务公开。支持工会、共青团、妇联等群团组织更好发挥作用。全面落
实行政执法责任制和问责制，对一切违法违规的行为都要坚决查处，对一切执法
不公正不文明的现象都要坚决整治，对所有行政不作为的人员都要坚决追责。
We will continue to fully perform the functions of government in

accordance with law.
We must fully implement the basic strategy on comprehensive law-based

governance, strictly abide by the Constitution and the law, and bring all
government activities into line with the rule of law.
At every level of government, we must accept, as law requires, the

oversight of the people's congresses and their standing committees at the
corresponding level. We should readily subject ourselves to the
democratic oversight of CPPCC committees, public oversight, and oversight
through public opinion, so that power is exercised with transparency.
Everything we do in the government should be what the people want. We will

make decisions in a sound, democratic, and legally-compliant way, listen
carefully to the views of the deputies to people's congresses and CPPCC
committee members; listen to the views of other political parties,
federations of industry and commerce, people without party affiliation,
and people's organizations, and listen to the views of the general public
第 55 页共 63 页
and the business community. This will make sure that each of our policies
fits the conditions and realities of our country, responds to people's
desire, and better satisfies public demand.
We will promote transparency in all government affairs. We will support

trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women's federations,
and other people's organizations in better playing their roles.
We will fully implement the system of responsibility and accountability
for government enforcement of laws and regulations. All actions that

violate laws or regulations will be resolutely investigated and punished;
all instances of failure to enforce the law impartially and with basic
decency must be resolutely stopped; and any employee of government found
to be not doing their job must be firmly held to account.
深入推进党风廉政建设。扎实开展“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育。认真贯彻
落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，持之以恒纠治“四风”。加强廉洁政府建
设，一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐。强化审计监督。政府工作人员要自觉接
受法律监督、监察监督和人民监督。衡量政绩最终是看结果。各级政府要坚决反
对和整治一切形式主义、官僚主义，让干部从文山会海、迎评迎检、材料报表中
解脱出来，把精力用在解决实际问题上。压减和规范督查检查考核事项，实施“互
联网+督查”。减少开会和发文数量，今年国务院及其部门要带头大幅精简会议、
坚决把文件压减三分之一以上。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We will step up efforts to improve Party conduct and ensure clean

government.
We will hold activities about keeping in mind our Party's founding mission.
We will fully enforce the Party Central Committee's eight-point decision
on conduct and its rules for implementation, and keep up efforts to address
formalities performed for formalities’sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and
extravagance.
We will intensify work to build a clean government, and take coordinated

action to make government employees not dare, not able, and not want to
commit corruption.
Auditing-based oversight will be strengthened. We in the government must

readily subject ourselves to the oversight of the law, supervisory bodies,
and the people. The ultimate measure of our performance is whether and
what we deliver.
Governments at all levels must firmly oppose and put a stop to all
第 56 页共 63 页
pointless formalities and bureaucratism in all its manifestations. We

should free government employees from the mountains of documents and
endless meetings, from the superfluities surrounding evaluations and
inspections, and from report writing and form filling-in, and instead
spend our energy on solving real problems.
We will cut down on and overhaul matters subject to inspection, checks,

and evaluations, and implement an Internet Plus Inspection initiative.
The number of meetings and documents will be cut. This year, the State
Council and its offices and departments will lead the way in making major
reductions to the number of meetings and will cut the number of documents
issued by over a third.
切实强化责任担当。中国改革发展的巨大成就，是广大干部群众筚路蓝缕、千辛
万苦干出来的。实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标，成就中国人民的幸福与追求，还
得长期不懈地干。为政以公，行胜于言。各级政府及其工作人员要求真务实、力
戒浮华，以推动改革发展的成果说话，以干事创业的实绩交卷。健全激励约束机
制和尽职免责机制，营造干部愿干事、敢干事、能干成事的环境。更好发挥中央
和地方两个积极性，尊重基层和群众首创精神，为地方大胆探索提供激励、留足
空间。广大干部要树立强烈的事业心和进取心，事不避难、义不逃责，埋头苦干、
结合实际创造性地干，努力干出无愧于人民的新业绩，干出中国发展的新辉煌。
We will strengthen our readiness to shoulder responsibility
The tremendous achievements of China's reform and development to date have

been made by our officials and people through perseverance and hard work.
To achieve the Two Centenary Goals,1 and let the happiness and ambitions
of the Chinese people be realized, we need to continue to put in long-term
hard work.
Government works for the public; words can't compare with actions. All
levels and employees of government should be down to earth and practical
and eschew doing things for show. We should let what we have achieved in
reform and development speak for themselves. We should deliver a good
performance in what we do. We will improve the mechanisms for offering
incentives, imposing constraints, and conducting due diligence. We should
create an atmosphere in which officials are ready and eager to try, and
able to try and deliver real outcomes.
We will keep central and local governments motivated, respect the

pioneering spirit of officials working at the primary level and the people,
and offer incentives and leave ample space for local governments to make
bold explorations.
第 57 页共 63 页
All of us working in the government must have true dedication and be

enterprising. We must never sidestep difficulties or shirk obligations;
and we must knuckle down when work is tough, and both be creative in
approach and have a keen sense of feasibility. We should make new
achievements worthy of our people and make remarkable new accomplishments
in pursuing China's development.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
我们要坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，全面贯彻党的民族政策，深化民族团结进
步教育，促进各民族和睦相处、和衷共济、和谐发展。加大对民族地区和人口较
少民族发展的支持，深入实施兴边富民行动，同心协力建设 56 个民族共同团结
奋斗、共同繁荣发展的美好家园。公众号:高斋 CATTI
We will uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy,

implement in full the Party's policies on ethnic affairs, heighten public
awareness of ethnic unity and progress, and enable the people of all our
ethnic groups to live together happily, work together for a common cause,
and develop in harmony. We will strengthen support for development in
ethnic minority areas and for the development of ethnic groups with
smaller populations. We will redouble efforts to boost development in the
border regions to benefit the people living there. Together, we will build
a beautiful homeland in which 56 ethnic groups work together for common
prosperity and development.
我们要全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，坚持我国宗教的中国化方向，依法管理
宗教事务，发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。
We must fully implement the Party's fundamental policy on religious 社

fairs,abide by the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in
orientation, oversee religious affairs in accordance with law, and
encourage religious leaders and believers to take an active part in
promoting economic and social development.
我们要认真落实侨务政策，保障海外侨胞和归侨侨眷合法权益，改善和加强服务，
发挥好他们的独特优势和重要作用，画好海内外中华儿女的最大同心圆，汇聚起
共创辉煌的澎湃力量。微博@高斋翻硕
We will act on policies related to overseas Chinese nationals, and protect

the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals,
returned overseas Chinese, and relatives of overseas Chinese nationals
residing in China. We will improve and strengthen our services for them,
第 58 页共 63 页
give play to their unique strengths and important role, seek the greatest
convergence of interests among all Chinese, both at home and overseas,
and forge a mighty force, as we endeavor to create more remarkable
achievements.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
过去一年，国防和军队建设扎实推进，强军事业展现许多新气象新作为。新的一
年，要继续以党在新时代的强军目标为引领，牢固确立习近平强军思想在国防和
军队建设中的指导地位，深入推进政治建军、改革强军、科技兴军、依法治军。
坚持党对军队绝对领导的根本原则和制度，全面深入贯彻军委主席负责制。贯彻
新时代军事战略方针，提高实战化军事训练水平，坚决维护国家主权、安全、发
展利益。继续深化国防和军队改革。加强和完善国防教育、国防动员体系建设。
深入实施军民融合发展战略，加快国防科技创新步伐。各级政府要大力关心支持
国防和军队建设，深入开展“双拥”活动，让军政军民团结之树根深叶茂、永葆
常青。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
Over the past year, we achieved solid progress in strengthening national

defense and the armed forces, made many new accomplishments in this
endeavor, and brought new changes to our military. In the year ahead, we
will continue to take as our guide the Party's goal of building stronger
armed forces for the new era, and ensure that our work to develop national
defense and the armed forces is guided by Xi Jinping's thinking on
strengthening the military. We will further efforts to ensure the
political loyalty of the armed forces, strengthen them through reform,
science and technology, and run them in accordance with law.
We will observe the fundamental principle and system of absolute Party

leadership over the armed forces, and fully enforce the system of ultimate
responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military
Commission.
We will implement the military strategy for the new era, strengthen
military training under combat conditions, and firmly protect China's
sovereignty, security, and development interests.
Reforms in national defense and the armed forces will continue. We will
work to heighten public awareness of national defense. The system for
national defense mobilization will be strengthened and improved. We will
further implement the military-civilian integration strategy, and speed
up efforts to make innovations in defense related science and technology.
第 59 页共 63 页
We in government at all levels must concern ourselves with and vigorously

support the development of national defense and the armed forces, conduct
extensive activities to promote mutual support between the military and
civilians, so that the tree of unity between the military and the
government and between the military and the people continues to grow deep
roots and is always in blossom.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
我们要继续全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自
治的方针，严格依照宪法和基本法办事。全力支持香港、澳门特别行政区政府和
行政长官依法施政。支持港澳抓住共建“一带一路”和粤港澳大湾区建设的重大
机遇，更好发挥自身优势，全面深化与内地互利合作。我们坚信，香港、澳门一
定能与祖国内地同发展共进步、一定能保持长期繁荣稳定。
We will continue, fully and faithfully, to implement the policies of "one

country, two systems," the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong, the
people of Macao governing Macao, and a high degree of autonomy for both
regions, and act in strict compliance with China's Constitution and the
basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions.
The governments and chief executives of the two regions have our full
support in exercising law-based governance. We will support the two
regions in seizing the major opportunities presented by the Belt and Road
Initiative and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area development
strategy, giving better play to their strengths, and deepening mutually
beneficial cooperation with the mainland in all fields. We have every
confidence that Hong Kong and Macao will develop and thrive together with
the mainland and maintain long-term prosperity and stability.
我们要坚持对台工作大政方针。全面贯彻落实习近平总书记在《告台湾同胞书》
发表 40 周年纪念会上的重要讲话精神，坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，推
动两岸关系和平发展、推进祖国和平统一进程。坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂图
谋和行径，坚决维护国家主权和领土完整。深化两岸融合发展，持续扩大两岸经
济文化交流合作。两岸同胞同根相系、同命相连，应携手共创共享全体中国人的
美好未来。公众号:高斋外刊双语精读
We will adhere to the major principles and policies on work related to

Taiwan. We will implement in full the guiding principles embodied in
General Secretary Xi Jinping's speech at the meeting to commemorate the
40th anniversary of the issuance of the Message to Our Compatriots in
Taiwan. We will uphold the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus,
第 60 页共 63 页
promote the peaceful growth of relations across the Taiwan Strait, and
advance China's peaceful reunification.
We will resolutely oppose and deter any separatist schemes or activities

seeking "Taiwan independence," and resolutely protect China's
sovereignty and territorial integrity.
We will deepen integrated development on both sides of the Taiwan Strait,

and keep expanding cross-Strait economic and cultural exchanges and
cooperation. The people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are bound by
kinship and share a common destiny. We should work together to create a
beautiful future for all Chinese.
各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,
当今世界面临百年未有之大变局。我们将坚定不移走和平发展道路、奉行互利共
赢的开放战略，坚定维护多边主义和以联合国为核心的国际体系。积极参与全球
治理体系的改革完善，坚定维护开放型世界经济，推动构建人类命运共同体。加
强与主要大国沟通对话与协调合作，深化同周边国家关系，拓展与发展中国家互
利合作。积极为妥善应对全球性挑战和解决地区热点问题提供更多中国建设性方
案。中国愿与各国携手合作、同舟共济，为促进世界持久和平与共同发展作出新
的贡献。公众号:高斋 CATTI
The world today faces profound changes of a kind unseen in a century. China
will remain on the path of peaceful development, pursue mutually
beneficial opening up, and resolutely uphold multilateralism and the
international system built around the United Nations. We will participate
actively in reforming and improving the global governance system and
firmly uphold an open world economy to build a human community with a
shared future.
We will strengthen communication, dialogue, coordination, and

cooperation with other major countries. We will deepen relations with our
neighbors and expand mutually beneficial cooperation with other
developing countries. We will actively offer constructive Chinese
approaches for responding appropriately to global challenges and
addressing flashpoints in some regions. China stands ready to work
together with all other countries to make new contributions in promoting
enduring world peace and shared prosperity.
各位代表！
第 61 页共 63 页
Fellow Deputies,
奋斗创造历史，实干成就未来。我们要更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的
党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主
义思想为指导，迎难而上，开拓进取，以经济社会发展的优异成绩迎接中华人民
共和国成立 70 周年，为决胜全面建成小康社会、夺取新时代中国特色社会主义
伟大胜利，为把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国、实
现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦不懈奋斗！微博@高斋翻硕
Struggle creates history; hard work makes a bright future. We will rally
closer around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its
core, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics,
follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese
Characteristics for a New Era, rise to each challenge, and create new
progress. We will commemorate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the
People's Republic of China with great achievements in economic and social
development.
Let us continue our struggle to secure a decisive victory in building a

moderately prosperous society in all respects, to achieve the great
success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, to build
China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong,
democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful, and to
realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation!
第 62 页共 63 页

中英对照：2019年政府工作报告 双语（完整版）

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

中英对照：2019年政府工作报告 双语（完整版）

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

中英对照：2019年政府工作报告 双语（完整版）

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

公众号“高斋 CATTI”上有免费政府工作报告讲解；公众号“高斋外刊双语精读”上有免费最新外刊精读，

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the Second Session of the 13th National People's Congress

People's Republic of China on March 5, 2019

Premier of the State Council

with law, the functions of office. In pursuing development this year,

——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值增长 6.6%，总量突破 90 万亿元。

Economic structure was further improved. Consumption continued to play

New growth drivers grew rapidly. A number of major scientific and

New breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up. Institutional

Living standards continued to improve. Per capita disposable personal

We solemnly commemorated the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up,

What we faced was profound change in our external environment. Setbacks

What we faced were severe challenges caused by the growing pains of

What we faced was a complicated terrain of increasing dilemmas. We had

First, we developed new ways to improve macro regulation and ensured a

Facing new circumstances and developments, we were firm in choosing

not to adopt a deluge of strong stimulus policies, and we maintained the

We continued to pursue a proactive fiscal policy, focusing on cutting

We maintained a prudent monetary policy and encouraged financial support

We promptly responded to abnormal fluctuations in the stock and bond

We drew up and began the systematic implementation of a three-year action

We made steady progress in structural deleveraging, handled risks in the

We made further progress in precision poverty alleviation. We

Third, we deepened supply-side structural reform and steadily unleashed

We strengthened work to cut ineffective supply, foster new growth drivers,

We made progress in using market mechanisms to cut capacity in the steel

Measures were implemented to ensure stable investment; as a result,

models were used to transform traditional industries.

We deepened efforts to streamline government functions and cut taxes and

We overhauled the charges and fees levied on businesses, and encouraged

Fourth, we continued to implement the innovation-driven development

We greatly improved the innovation ecosystem to keep innovators of all

We strengthened the principal position of enterprises in technological

We developed policies and measures to support innovation and business

Fifth, we intensified reform and opening up and continued to strengthen

We deepened reforms of state capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs)

In opening up, we introduced a series of major moves. Joint efforts to

We launched policies to ensure steady growth in foreign trade, and cut

A number of new integrated pilot zones for cross-border e-commerce were

The rural revitalization strategy was implemented with vigor; grain

A full range of reforms and innovative measures were introduced to advance

Major progress was made in boosting the coordinated development of the

Substantive steps were taken in the planning and building of the

We expanded support for reforms and development in old revolutionary base

Another 4,100 kilometers of high-speed railways opened to traffic, and

老金最低标准从每月 70 元提高到 88 元。继续提高优抚、低保等标准，残疾人“两

Seventh, we continued to ensure and improve living standards in the course

We took prompt steps to ease the impact of changes in the external

We made strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay

We established a system for the central government to allocate nationwide

We continued to increase benefits for entitled groups and subsistence

For demobilized military personnel, we improved service provision and

Coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical

We sped up the implementation of cultural projects designed to benefit

community level. Fitness-for-All activities flourished. Chinese athletes

We submitted 18 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the

中英对照：2019年政府工作报告双语（完整版）

中英对照：2019年政府工作报告双语（完整版）

中英对照：2019年政府工作报告双语（完整版）