Script Unit 7 1.2

BÀI GIẢNG DẠNG VĂN BẢN (SCRIPT)
Môn học: Nghe nói 4

Bài 7: Nhân chủng học (Anthropology)
Chủ đề 7.2: Speaking
SLIDE NỘI DUNG

Hello everyone, my name is Thuy Van who is a lecturer at Ho Chi Minh
1 City Open University. I am responsible for teaching Lesson 7.2 of Unit 7.
By the end of this Lesson, the students will be able to understand the
Indirect speech (Reported speech) then apply them into the conversations in
2 order to tell again what other people said, tell a personal story about an
accidental discovery they made and how it affected, get familiar and
practice pronunciation skills about linking words with vowels to have more
natural conversations, use questions to maintain listener’s interest.
To be well-prepared for the speaking tasks later, first of all, let’s start our
lesson with the activities related to grammar point: Indirect speech.
So what about finding out why we need to have indirect speech and what it
is? As you know, in daily conversation, people communicate both directly
and indirectly. With direct speech, what someone said is expressed by
speaker’s exact words.
⇨ The teacher said, “You will have a test on Friday.”
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Besides, to make our conversation more flexible, we can also change the
words of the speakers and create the indirect speech.
⇨ The teacher said we would have a test on Friday.
Important note for these two kinds of speech: the indirect speech is used
to report what a speaker said in the past, so it’s a must for us to change
the verbs to the past forms.
⇨ Present simple turns into Past simple
⇨ Present continuous turns into Past continuous
⇨ Present perfect turns into Past perfect
⇨ Will/Can turns into Would/Could
⇨ With might/should/ past continuous/ past perfect, we don’t have any
other past tenses so we can keep the same.
Direct speech: Moss said, “The whole idea is to bring together people with
vastly different backgrounds.”
Indirect speech: Moss said the whole idea was to bring together with vastly
different backgrounds.
● Not only changing the verb tense, with indirect speech, we also need
to pay attention to and replace all the subject with the third subject
and other words related to the subject, like possessive or pronouns.
⇨ I- He/She
⇨ We- They
⇨ my-his/her
⇨ our-their
⇨ me-him/her
⇨ us-them
● One more thing for us to do with indirect speech is that we have to

change to time phrases in order to be suitable with the past forms
⇨ Here-there
⇨ Now-then
⇨ Yesterday- the previous day/ the day before
⇨ Ago-ealier
⇨ Tomorrow- the next day/ the day after
⇨ This-that
⇨ These-those
● For Yes/No questions, to make the indirect speech, we can add

If/Whether into the sentence
Direct speech: Kate asked her mother, “Is Ruby from China?”
Indirect speech: Kate asked her mother if Ruby was from China.
● When using indirect speech to report a wh-question, use the same wh-
word as the speaker.
Direct speech: He asked the professor, “When was the microwave

oven developed?”
Indirect speech: He asked the professor when the microwave oven was
developed.
Note for reported questions: We cannot keep the same question forms into
the reported questions. Although, we still have the WH words or If/Whether,
the reported question needs to have the form of a sentence with Subject and
Verb follows.
• When using indirect speech to report someone’s belief, it is not
necessary to shift the verb to a past form.
Direct speech: Kate said, “It’s fun being with Ruby.”
Indirect speech: Kate said that it’s fun being with Ruby.
OK, it’s time for us to have some practices. Look at Activity A, what you
need to do is listening to the sentences and deciding which ones are indirect
speech and which ones are direct speech.
1. a. direct b. indirect
ANSWER KEY:
Activity A., p. 171 1.b
2.a
3.a
4.b
5.b
6.b
7.b
8.a
Great, let’s move to the next activity in which we can practice

pronunciation- the important thing for speaking skills.
Usually, when we listen to a conversation between two native speakers, we
can see some of the words they pronounce together. It means that instead of
saying two different words, we just hear one long word. Why? Because the
speaker link words together so that the last sound in one word connects to
the first sound in the next word. Therefore, when we study English, linking
sounds is a very important pronunciation skills we need to know and
practice as well as be familiar with it. Not only to speak like native speakers,
8-12
but also it helps to listen more easily.
So how can we link the sounds together? Here are some tips for you:
• Words ending with the vowel sounds –ee, -ey, -ah, and –oh + vowels
linked with /y/
E.g. Listen to these sentences
She always wants to say it.
/y/ /y/
Tell me why it’s important to be early.
/y/ /y/
• Words ending with the vowel sounds –oo, -oh, and –ah + vowels 🡪
linked with /w/
E.g. Listen to these sentences
Can she go out with us?
/w/
Please show us your new invention.
/w/ /w/
We can have some practice to get familiar with this skill. Look at Activity B
p.172-173, we are going to listen to how the native speakers pronounce
these sentences and we need to identify the linking words. Now, listen, draw
a line to show where the vowel links together and write Y or N between the
words to show the linking words.
1. Kate also seemed very deprived, because they noticed she ate as if
she’d never eat again.
2. After the fact, serendipity always seem so obvious.
3. Because we hardly ever fight, we agree on a lot of things.
4. Try and spot the next big thing.
5. So after you opened the life, can you recall how it felt?
ANSWER KEYS:
Activity B., pp. 172–173
1. she ate, /y/
2. serendipity always, /y/; so obvious, /w/ 3. we agree, /y/
4. Try and, /y/
5. So after, /w/; you opened, /w/
We have done the needed preparation for our speaking parts. The speaking
skill that we are going to practice today is about how to use questions to
maintain listener’s interest.
Usually when we have a long conversation, or when we tell a story, or more
important is when we make a presentation, it’s a little hard for the listeners
to follow your speech 100%. If you just keep talking without paying
attention to the listeners, they will easily lose their attention and miss what
you are saying. Therefore, when you have a quite long speech, you need to
stop sometimes during your speaking and ask questions to keep the listeners
on track. So how can we make suitable questions to maintain the listener’s
interest?
There are two types of questions that speakers ask an audience.
• Rhetorical questions do not require an answer from the audience.
13-16 E.g.
What was the most important invention of the twentieth century?
We all might not agree, but today I’d like to talk to you about one
very important invention….
This kind of questions is usually used to start a new idea or a new speech. It
helps the speakers to gain attention from the listeners as well as help the
listeners get the main points of the speech.
• Interactive questions are questions for which you expect an answer.
Use them to interact with your listeners and encourage them to
respond to what you are saying.
E.g.
Presenter: Does anyone know who discovered the law of
gravity?
Audience member: I think it was Isaac Newton.
Presenter: That’s right. And the story behind that discovery is an
interesting one…
This kind of sentence is used during the speech. While having the speaking,
the speaker can stop sometimes and invite some of the listeners to answer
some questions related to the speech. These questions can help the speakers
to check whether the listeners can understand what he/she is talking about.
They can also help the other listeners meet again some information they
missed during the speech.
OK, then I think it’s time for us to have a small activity to practice this skill.
Look at Activiy B p.174, I want you to listen carefully to a short story about
another accidental invention then answer the question.
1. Which of these would be the most appropriate rhetorical question to
start a presentation about this story?
a. What is one of the tastiest treats ever invented?
b. What year did Frank Epperson sell his first Popsicle TM?
c. What is the number of Popsicles TM sold every year?
2. Which of these would be the most appropriate interactive question to
ask about how Frank Epperson discovered his frozen treat?
a. What was Frank’s favorite flavor of soda water?
b. What city did Frank live in?
c. What do you think Frank found the next morning when he went outside?
3. Which of these would be the most appropriate question to ask at the
conclusion of your presentation?
a. Why did Frank choose the name Popsicle TM?
b. Doesn’t a Popsicle TM sound tasty right now?
c. Which is the most popular flavor?
ANSWER KEY:
Activity B., p. 174
1. a
2. c
3. b
That is the end for the lessons today. Thank you for your time and efforts.
17
See you next time.

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BÀI GIẢNG DẠNG VĂN BẢN (SCRIPT)

Môn học: Nghe nói 4

SLIDE NỘI DUNG

● One more thing for us to do with indirect speech is that we have to

● For Yes/No questions, to make the indirect speech, we can add

Direct speech: He asked the professor, “When was the microwave

Great, let’s move to the next activity in which we can practice

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