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Pearson Edexcel International GCSE

(9–1)
BOQOL SOON HIGH SCHOOL.
Paper
referenc
e
Chemistry
⬟

END OF TERM ONE

EXAMINATION
YEAR 10
You must have: Total
Calculator, ruler Marks

Instructions N:1/1/1/1/1/

• Use black ink or ball-point pen.

• If(HBpencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your
or B).

name, centre number and candidate number.

• Answer all
• Answer the questions in the spaces
provided – there may be more space
• questions.
than you need.
Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.

Information
• The total mark for this paper is 110.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each
question.

Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to
• answer it. Write your answers neatly and in good
English.
• Try to answer every
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
question.

P71951A
©2023 Pearson Education Ltd.
Turn over
 2

The Periodic Table of the Elements

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
1 4
H He
hydrogen helium
1 2
Key
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
3 4 atomic (proton) number 5 6 7 8 9 10
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63.5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
85 88 89 91 93 96 [98] 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 [209] [210] [222]
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium lanthanum hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
[223] [226] [227] [261] [262] [266] [264] [277] [268] [271] [272]
Fr Ra Ac* Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Elements with atomic numbers 112–116 have been reported
francium radium actinium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium
but not fully authenticated
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111

* The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58–71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers 90–103) have been omitted.
■
■ The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number.
 Answer ALL questions.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you
change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box and
then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 This question is about oxygen.

(a) Oxygen can be stored in tanks as a liquid or as a gas.

(i) Complete the diagram to show the arrangement of six more particles in a gas.
(1)

(ii) Give a reason why a tank can store much more oxygen
as a liquid. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(iii) Identify a hazard when storing oxygen as a gas.

(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

 (b) Sulfur burns in oxygen to form sulfur dioxide.
(i) Give one observation that can be made when sulfur burns in oxygen.
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) Some universal indicator is added to sulfur

dioxide. Explain the final colour of the

universal indicator.
(2)

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(Total for Question 1 = 6 marks)

2 This question is about mixtures and compounds.

(a) The box gives some techniques used to separate mixtures.

crystallisatio filtration
n
simple
fractional distillation

The table lists some substances and mixtures.

Complete the table using words from the box to show the best
technique to obtain the named substance from each mixture.

Each technique may be used once, more than once or not at all.
(3)

Substance Mixture Technique

solid sodium chloride aqueous sodium

chloride

water aqueous copper(II) sulfate

sand sand and water

(b) State how the box represents a

mixture. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

 c) In the following reaction of electrolysis process using carbon electrodes, state
which substance is formed at each electrode.
(4)

i) Molten zinc chloride.

ii) solution of sodium hydroxide.

iii) Magnesium sulfate solution.

iv) Molten sodium iodide.

d) Identify whether the following electrolysis equations represents reduction or

oxidation reaction.
(3)

i) Mg2+ + e- Mg

ii) 2Br- Br 2 + e-

iii) Al3+ + 3e- Al

e) A compound has the formula Ca(HCO3)2

(i) Determine the number of different elements in Ca(HCO3)2
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) Determine the number of atoms in the formula of Ca(HCO3)2

(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 2 = 8 marks)

3 (a) The diagram represents an atom of an element.

(i) What is the particle labelled W?

(1)
A electron
B neutron
C nucleus
D proton

(ii) An atom of this element contains 13

neutrons. What is the mass number of
(1)
this element?

A 12
B 13
C 25
D 49

(1)
(iii) State why atoms have no overall
charge.

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............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

 (iv) What is the charge on the ion usually formed from this
element? (1)

A 1+
B 2+
C 1–
D 2–

(b) There are two isotopes of the element lithium.

6
Li 7
Li
3 3

(i) State why both isotopes react in the same

way. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) A sample of lithium contains 7.60% Li and 92.4% Li 6 7

3 3

Calculate the relative atomic mass, Ar , of this sample of

lithium. Give your answer to two decimal places.

(3)

Ar = ..............................................................

(Total for Question 3 = 8 marks)

4 This question is about gases.

(a) The table gives information about some gases.

Complete the table by choosing a gas from the box that matches the information.

carbon carbon heliu

dioxide monoxide m
nitroge oxyge
methan n n

You may use each gas once, more than once, or not
at all. (4)

Information Gas

the most abundant gas in air

a toxic gas that is a product of

incomplete combustion of
hydrocarbons

an unreactive gas that exists as atoms

a gas produced by the

fractional distillation of crude oil

(b) A teacher uses this apparatus to determine the percentage of

oxygen in a sample of air.

copper powder

air HEAT

This is the teacher’s method.

• record the total volume of air in the apparatus

• heat the copper powder

• use the syringes to pass air over the heated copper powder several times

• allow the remaining gas to cool and record its

volume The copper powder turns black.
 (i) State why the copper powder turns
black. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) Give a reason why the remaining gas is allowed to cool before
its volume is recorded.
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(iii) At the start of the experiment, the total volume of air in the
apparatus is 138 cm3.

At the end of the experiment, the volume of gas remaining is 108 cm3.
Calculate the percentage of oxygen in the sample of air.
Assume that all the oxygen has reacted.
(2)

percentage of oxygen =.........................%

(Total for Question 4 = 8 marks)

5 A teacher uses this apparatus to test the products of the
combustion of liquid hydrocarbons.

to pump

U-tube

burner

ice and water limewater

(a) Explain the change in appearance that occurs in the limewater.

(2)

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............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(b) The equation represents the complete combustion of an alkene.

CnH2n + oxygen  carbon dioxide + nH2O

Complete combustion of 0.0100 mol of the alkene produces 2.16 g of water.

(i) Determine the molecular formula of this

alkene. [for H2O, Mr = 18]

(3)

molecular formula = .............................................................................................

 (ii) Give a reason why the mass of pure water that collects in the U-tube
is less than 2.16 g.
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(iii) Give a physical test to show that the water that collects in the U-tube is pure.
(2)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(c) The teacher burns 30.0 g of heptane.

This is the equation for the complete combustion of heptane.

C7H16 + 11O2  7CO2 + 8H2O

Calculate the minimum mass of oxygen needed for the complete combustion of
30.0 g of heptane.
[for C7H16 , Mr = 100for O2 , Mr = 32]
(3)

minimum mass of oxygen =........................g

(Total for Question 5= 11 marks)

6 Diamond, graphite and C60 fullerene are all forms of the element
carbon. The diagram shows the structures of these three
substances.

diamond graphite C60 fullerene

(a) Explain why graphite conducts electricity.

(2)

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............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(b) Explain why diamond is hard but graphite is soft.

(2)

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............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(c) Doctors use C60 fullerene to deliver medicines to certain parts of the body,
so that the medicine does not damage other parts of the body.
Suggest why C60 fullerene is suitable for this purpose.
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 6 = 5 marks)

 7 This question is about ionic compounds.

(a) Calcium nitrate has the formula Ca(NO3)2

(i) Give the formula of each ion in calcium

nitrate. (2)

calcium ion

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

nitrate ion

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) Explain why calcium nitrate has a high melting

point. Refer to structure and bonding in your

answer.
(4)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(iii) Calcium nitrate decomposes when heated.

Complete the chemical equation for the decomposition of calcium nitrate.
(1)

................ Ca(NO3)2  ................ CaO + ................ NO2 + O2

(Total for Question 7 = 7

marks)
8. The table shows properties of four substances, A, B, C and D.

Melting Boiling Conducts Conducts

Substanc
point in point in electricity electricity
e °C °C when solid when molten
A 800 1465 no yes

B 327 1749 yes yes

C 232 573 no no

D 3550 4830 no no

(a) Use information from the table to identify these

substances.
C
(i) Which substance could be a metal?

A D

(ii) Which substance could be diamond?

(iii) Which substance is a gas at 600 °C?

B
(1)

(1)

(1)
 (b) One of the substances in the table is a compound with the formula
C10H16N2O3S
(i) Give the number of different elements in C10H16N2O3S (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ....................

..

(ii) Determine the number of atoms in a molecule of

C10H16N2O3 (1) (1) (To
marks)
 9. This question is about ionic compounds.
(a) The table shows the formulae of some positive and negative ions, and

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the formulae of some compounds containing these ions.

Mg2+ Al3+ NH4+

2− MgS Al2S3
S

NO3− Al(NO3)3 NH4NO3

CO32− MgCO3 (NH4)2CO

3

(i) Complete the table by giving the three missing

formulae. (3)

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(ii) Give the name of the compound with the formula (1)
NH4NO3

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .......................

(b) Sodium oxide, Na2O, is an ionic compound.

The sodium and oxide ions are held together by ionic bonds.
(i) State the meaning of the term ionic bond.
(1)

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............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .......................

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............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .......................

 (ii) The diagram shows the arrangement of the electrons in a sodium
atom and in an oxygen atom.

sodium atom oxygen atom

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Draw diagrams in the boxes to show the arrangement of the

electrons in the ions of sodium oxide.
Include the charges on the ions.
(1)

sodium ion oxide ion sodium ion

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(Total for Question 9 = 9 marks)

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 10 An organic compound has the percentage

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composition by mass C = 36.36% H = 6.06%
F = 57.58%
(3)
Show that the empirical formula of the compound is
CH2F

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The relative molecular mass (Mr) of the compound is 66.
Determine the molecular formula of the compound.

(2)
22
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