Mathematics 1

1
Name of Course : B.A. (Prog.)

Unique Paper Code : 62357602
Name of Paper : DSE: Numerical Analysis
Semester : VI
Duration : 3 hours
Maximum Marks : 75 Marks
Attempt any four questions. All questions carry equal marks.
1. Find an interval of unit length which contains the smallest positive root of the equation
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 − 10 = 0. Taking the end points of this interval as initial approximations,
do two iterations each of the Secant method and Regula Falsi Method.
2. Find the number of significant digits for the following:
2410, 2.41,0.00241, 2.410× 104 , 2.4100× 104 , 2.41000× 106 .
If 𝑥 = 0.278143 × 104 and 𝑦 = 0.278456 × 104 , find the number of significant digits
in 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥 − 𝑦, 𝑥𝑦.
3. Given the following system of equations

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 = 1
4𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 − 𝑥3 = 6
3𝑥1 + 5𝑥2 + 3𝑥3 = 4
(i) Find the solution using the Gauss- Jordan method.
(ii) Perform two iterations of the Gauss-Seidel method starting with 𝑋 (0) = (1, 1, 1).
4. Generate the forward and backward difference table for the data
x 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
f(x) 0.12 0.46 0.74 0.9 1.2
Hence interpolate the values of 𝑓(0.1) and 𝑓(0.7) by using Gregory Newton forward and
backward differences Interpolation formulae respectively.
5. Approximate the second order derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 at 𝑥0 = 0, taking ℎ =

1,0.1,0.01 by using the formula
𝑓(𝑥0 − ℎ) − 2𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 𝑓(𝑥0 + ℎ)

𝑓"(𝑥) ≈
ℎ2
P.T.O.
2
Also approximate the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 at x0  0 , taking

h  1, 0.1, and 0.01 by using the formula
𝑓(𝑥0 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥0 )
𝑓 ′ (𝑥0 ) ≈
ℎ
Find the order of approximations in both the cases.
1 𝑑𝑥
6. Find the approximate value of 𝐼 = ∫0 using the Trapezoidal rule with 2, 4 and 8
1+𝑥 3
equal subintervals. Improve the result by Romberg integration.
Name of the Course : CBCS B.Sc. Mathematical Sciences / B.Sc. (Prog.)
Unique Paper Code : 42357618
Name of the Paper : DSE- Numerical Methods
Semester : VI
Duration : 3 Hours
Maximum Marks : 75 Marks
Attempt any four questions. All questions carry equal marks. All symbols have usual meanings.
1. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 18𝑥 2 + 45 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 3.

(i) Verify that both the equations 𝑓(𝑥) = 0 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 0 have a root on the interval (1, 2).
(ii) By performing three iterations of Newton-Raphson method, with 𝑥0 = 1, find an
approximation of the root of 𝑓(𝑥) = 0 .
(iii) By performing three iterations of Bisection method, find an approximation of the root of
𝑔(𝑥) = 0.
(iv) Given that the exact value of the root in both cases is 𝑥 = √3, compute the absolute
error in the approximations obtained.
2. Find the inverse of A, using Gauss-Jordan elimination

1 3 5
𝐴 = [2 7 13].
3 11 22
Using Gauss-Seidel iteration method, solve the system of equations given by
𝑥 1.1
𝐴 [ 𝑦 ] = [1.2] .
𝑧 1.3
3. Use the Lagrange’s interpolation to find a polynomial that passes through the points (0, 2), (1, 3),
(2, 12) and (5, 147).
Using the following data

𝑥 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
𝑓(𝑥) 2.7183 4.4817 7.3891 12.1825
estimate the value of 𝑓(2.15) using
(i) Newton’s forward difference interpolation
(ii) Newton’s backward difference interpolation.
1
Compare the errors and find which of the methods gave a better approximation of 𝑓(2.15).
4. The following data gives the velocity of a particle for 20 seconds at an interval of 5 seconds. Find
the initial acceleration using the entire data:
Time 𝑡 (sec) 0 5 10 15 20
Velocity 𝑣(m/sec) 0 2 13 68 227
A boundary value problem is defined by

𝑑2 𝑦
+ 𝑦 + 1 = 0, 0≤𝑥≤1
𝑑𝑥 2
where 𝑦(0) = 0 and 𝑦(1) = 0 with ℎ = 0.5. Use the finite difference method to determine the
value of 𝑦(0.5). Its exact solution is
1 − cos 1
𝑦(𝑥) = cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥 − 1.
sin 1
Calculate the error.
5. Use the formula
𝑓(𝑥0 ) − 𝑓(𝑥0 − ℎ)
𝑓′(𝑥0 ) ≈
ℎ
to approximate the derivative of f ( x)  sin x at x0   taking ℎ = 1, 0.1, 0.01.
Use Euler's method to approximate the solution of the initial value problem
𝑑𝑦 (1 + 𝑦)2
= , 𝑦(1) = 0, 1 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 4
𝑑𝑡 𝑡
taking 5 steps.
2
6. Find approximate value of the integral 𝐼 = ∫0 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 using
(i) Trapezoidal Rule;
(ii) Simpson’s 1/3 rule;
(iii) Simpson’s 3/8 rule.

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1

Name of Course : B.A. (Prog.)

Attempt any four questions. All questions carry equal marks.

2. Find the number of significant digits for the following:

2410, 2.41,0.00241, 2.410× 104 , 2.4100× 104 , 2.41000× 106 .

3. Given the following system of equations

5. Approximate the second order derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 at 𝑥0 = 0, taking ℎ =

𝑓(𝑥0 − ℎ) − 2𝑓(𝑥0 ) + 𝑓(𝑥0 + ℎ)

Also approximate the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 at x0  0 , taking

Unique Paper Code : 42357618

Name of the Paper : DSE- Numerical Methods

Maximum Marks : 75 Marks

1. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 18𝑥 2 + 45 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 3.

2. Find the inverse of A, using Gauss-Jordan elimination

Using Gauss-Seidel iteration method, solve the system of equations given by

Using the following data

A boundary value problem is defined by

5. Use the formula

to approximate the derivative of f ( x)  sin x at x0   taking ℎ = 1, 0.1, 0.01.

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