Code:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn import datasets
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
# Load the Iris dataset
iris = datasets.load_iris()
X = iris.data # Features (4-dimensional)
y = iris.target # Target (class labels)
target_names = iris.target_names # Class names
# Print dataset description
print(iris.DESCR)
# Study the data
print("Feature names:", iris.feature_names)
print("First 5 rows of the data:\n", X[:5])
print("Class labels:", np.unique(y))
# Standardizing the features
scaler = StandardScaler()
X_scaled = scaler.fit_transform(X)
# Applying PCA to reduce dimensions to 2
pca = PCA(n_components=2)
X_pca = pca.fit_transform(X_scaled)
# Check the explained variance ratio
print("Explained variance ratio:", pca.explained_variance_ratio_)
# Create a scatter plot of the two principal components
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
colors = ['navy', 'turquoise', 'darkorange']
for color, i, target_name in zip(colors, [0, 1, 2], target_names):
plt.scatter(X_pca[y == i, 0], X_pca[y == i, 1], color=color, alpha=0.8, lw=2,
label=target_name)
plt.legend(loc='best', shadow=False, scatterpoints=1)
plt.title('PCA of Iris Dataset')
plt.xlabel('Principal Component 1')
plt.ylabel('Principal Component 2')
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
