HSC Math 1st Paper ch-7 (23) Mine

284 mshy³ †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF ASSOCIATED ANGLES
7.1.1 f~wgKv: wÎ‡KvYwgwZ MwY‡Zi cÖvPxbZg kvLvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| eZ©gv‡b MwYZ Ges weÁv‡bi wewfbœ kvLvq
†Kv‡Yi cwigvc wbY©‡q Ges Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î wÎ‡KvYwgwZ e¨vcKfv‡e eëüZ n‡”Q| wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ¸wji
cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©, ¸wYZK, DçwYZK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ, wÎ‡KvYwgwZK A‡f`vejx, wÎfy‡Ri evû
I †KvY m¤úwK©Z mvBb m~Î, †KvmvBb m~Î BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© G Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wkLbdj: GB Aa¨vq †k‡l wkÿv_x©iv 
1. mshy³ †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ wbY©q I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
2. †h․wMK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ wbY©q I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
3. wÎfy‡Ri mvBb (sine) m~Î cÖgvY I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
4. wÎfy‡Ri †KvmvBb (cosine) m~Î cÖgvY I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
eënvwiK :
1. wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji •`N©¨ †Ìqv Av‡Q BwáZ †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
2. wÎfy‡Ri †Kv‡Yi cwigvc †Ìqv Av‡Q, evû¸wji •`‡N©ï AbycvZ wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
3. wÎfy‡Ri †h‡Kv‡bv `yBwU †Kv‡Yi gvb Ges GK evûi •`N©¨ †Ìqv Av‡Q, BwáZ evûi •`N©¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
4. wÎfy‡Ri †h‡Kv‡bv `yB evûi •`N©¨ Ges GKwU †Kv‡Yi gvb †Ìqv Av‡Q, BwáZ †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
7.1.2 mshy³ †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:
 †Kv‡Yi mshy³ †KvY ej‡Z – , 90  , 180  , .......... BZ¨vw`‡K eySvq|
(i) (– ) †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ
g‡b Kwi, †KvY DrcbœKvix N~Y©vqgvb iwk¥ Avw` Ae¯’vb OX Y
A
n‡Z Nwoi KuvUvi N~Y©‡bi wecixZ w`‡K Ny‡i XOA = 
†KvY Drcbœ K‡i| Aci GKwU iwk¥ Nwoi KuvUvi N~Y©‡bi P(x, y)
w`‡K mgcwigv‡ci XOA Drcbœ K‡i|  XOA = –  
M
OP Gi Dci †h‡Kv‡bv we›`y P n‡Z OX †iLvi Dci PM X
O -
X
j¤^ Uvwb hvi ewa©Zvsk OA †iLv‡K P we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| P(x', y')
OPM Ges OPM Gi g‡a¨, POM = POM = ,
PMO = PMO = 90, OM mvaviY evû|
Y A
 wÎfyRØq me©mg|
 Abyiƒc evû¸wj mgvb|
awi P I P we›`yi ¯’vbvsK h_vµ‡g (x, y) Ges (x, y) Ges OP = OP = r = x2 + y2
y y x x
wP‡Î x = x, y = – y  sin(– ) = r = – r = – sin, cos (– ) = r = r = cos
y y
tan(– ) = = – x = – tan  cot (– ) = – cot, sec (– ) = sec, cosec (– ) = – cosec
x
mshy³ †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ 285
(ii) (90 – ) †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ
Y
†KvY DrcbœKvix N~Yv© qgvb iwk¥ cÖ_‡g XOA = 
Ges c‡i XOP = 90 –  †KvY Drcbœ K‡i|
P(x', y')
P I P we›`yØq Ggbfv‡e †bB †hb OP = OP nq|  A
P I P n‡Z OX Gi Dci h_vµ‡g PM I PM j¤^ Uvwb| P(x, y)
Zvn‡j OPM Ges OPM wÎfyRØq me©mg| 
X
 OM = PM, PM = OM X' O M M
OP = OP = r, P I P we›`yØq h_vµ‡g (x, y) I (x, y)
Y
n‡j x = y, y = x
y x x y
 sin (90 – ) = sinXOP = = = cos, cos (90 – ) = cosXOP = = = sin
r r r r
y x
Ges tan (90 – ) = tanXOP = = y = cot
x
Zvn‡j, cot (90 – ) = tan, sec (90 – ) = cosec, cosec (90 – ) = sec
Dc‡ii m~Î¸wj‡Z  Gi cwie‡Z© –  ewm‡q cvB,
sin (90 + ) = cos(– ) = cos, cos (90 + ) = sin(– ) = – sin
tan (90 + ) = cot(– ) = – cot, cot (90 + ) = tan(– ) = – tan
sec (90 + ) = cosec (– ) = – cosec, cosec (90 + ) = sec (– ) = sec
(iii) (180 – ) †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ Y
g‡b Kwi, †KvY DrcbœKvix N~Y©vqgvb iwk¥ cÖ_‡g P(x', y')
XOP =  †KvY Ges c‡i XOX = 180 P(x, y)
‡KvY Drcbœ K‡i Nwoi KuvUvi N~Y©‡bi w`‡K Ny‡i X  
X
M O M
X'OP' =  †KvY Drcbœ K‡i|
Zvn‡j XOP = 180 –  Y
P Ges P we›`y `yBwU Ggbfv‡e wbe©vPb Kiv nj †hb OP = OP nq| XOX ‡iLvi Dci PM Ges PM
j¤^ Uvwb| OPM Ges OPM wÎfyRØq me©mg|
 OM = OM, PM = PM
P we›`yi ¯’vbvsK (x, y), P' we›`ywU (x, y) Ges OP = OP = r n‡j x = – x, y = y
y y x –x
 sin (180 – ) = sinXOP = r = r = sin, cos (180 – ) = cosXOP = r = r = – cos
y y
Ges tan (180 – ) = tanXOP = x' = – x = – tan
myZivs cot (180 – ) = – cot, sec (180 – ) = – sec, cosec (180 – ) = cosec
Dc‡ii m~Î¸wj‡Z  Gi cwie‡Z© –  ewm‡q cvB,
sin (180 + ) = sin(– ) = – sin, cos (180 + ) = – cos(– ) = – cos
tan (180 + ) = – tan(– ) = tan, cot (180 + ) = – cot(– ) = cot
sec (180 + ) = – sec (– ) = – sec, cosec (180 + ) = cosec (– ) = – cosec
(iv) (270 – ) †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:
sin (270 – ) = sin (180 + 90 – ) = – sin(90 – ) = – cos
cos (270 – ) = cos (180 + 90 – ) = – cos(90 – ) = – sin
tan (270 – ) = tan (180 + 90 – ) = tan(90 – ) = cot
myZivs cot (270 – ) = tan, sec (270 – ) = – cosec, cosec (270 – ) = – sec
(v) (270 + ) †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ :
sin (270 + ) = sin (180 + 90 + ) = – sin(90 + ) = – cos
cos (270 + ) = cos (180 + 90 + ) = – cos(90 + ) = sin
tan (270 + ) = tan (180 + 90 + ) = tan(90 + ) = – cot
myZivs cot (270 + ) = – tan, sec (270 + ) = cosec, cosec (270 + ) = – sec
(vi) (360 – ), (360 + ) Ges (n  360  ) †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:
`yBwU †Kv‡Yi cv_©K¨ 360 A_ev 360 †Kv‡Yi c~Y© ¸wYZK n‡j, hw` †KvY `yBwUi Avw`‡iLv GKB nq,
Z‡e G‡ì cÖvšÍ‡iLvI GKB n‡e| G mKj †KvY mgcÖvwšÍK †KvY| d‡j G‡ì wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ
GKB| A_©vr (360 – ), (360 + ), (n  360  ) †KvY¸wji wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ h_vµ‡g
– ,  I   †KvY¸wji wÎ‡KvYwgwZK Abycv‡Zi mgvb|
D`vniY: sin(360 – ) = sin(– ) =  sin, cos(360  ) = cos( ) = cos,
tan(360  ) = tan ( ) =  tan
mshy³ †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ wbY©‡qi wbqg :
mshy³ †KvYwU‡K (n  90 ) AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e †hLv‡b n †h‡Kv‡bv c~Y© msL¨v Ges  m~²‡KvY|
Z‡e  ¯’‚j‡KvY n‡jI GB wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨| Abycv‡Zi wPý wbY©‡qi Rb¨ PZzfv© M wbqg AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Y
Y
2q PZzf©vM 1g PZzf©vM S A
sin, cosec abvZ¥K mKj AbycvZB abvZ¥K sin (+ ve) All (+ ve)
cos, tan, cot, sec FYvZ¥K
X X
O
X X tan (+ ve) cos (+ ve)
O
tan, cot abvZ¥K cos, sec abvZ¥K T C
Y
sin, cos, sec, cosec FYvZ¥K sin, tan, cot, cosec FYvZ¥K
3q PZzf©vM 4_© PZzf©vM All Students Take Chemistry
Y
n †Rvo n‡j wÎ‡KvYwgwZK Abycv‡Zi †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b n‡e bv| n we‡Rvo n‡j
sine AbycvZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q cosine n‡e
cosine AbycvZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q sine n‡e
tangent AbycvZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q cotangent n‡e
cotangent AbycvZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q tangent n‡e
secant AbycvZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q cosecant n‡e
cosecant AbycvZ cwiewZ©Z n‡q secant n‡e|
D`vniYgvjv
D`vniY-1 (i) sin930 (ii) cosec (– 1125) (iii) tan(– 1575) (iv) cos  2 – 3 
5 19
1
mgvavb : (i) sin930 = sin (10  90 + 30) = – sin30 = –2
(ii) cosec (– 1125) = – cosec1125 = – cosec (12  90 + 45) = – cosec45 = – 2
(iii) tan(– 1575) = – tan1575 = – tan(17  90 + 45) = + cot45 = 1
 19   
(iv) cos 5. 2 – 3  = sin 3 = sin 12  2 + 3 = sin3 = 2
19 3
   
 3 5 7
D`vniY-2 gvb wbY©q Ki : cos2 8 + cos2 8 + cos2 8 + cos2 8
[Xv. †ev. 13; P. †ev. 02, Xv. †ev. 00, h. †ev. 00, gv. †ev. 05]
 3 5 7
mgvavb : cos2 8 + cos2 8 + cos2 8 + cos2 8
     
= cos2 8 + cos2 2 – 8 + cos2 2 + 8 + cos2  – 8
     
   
= cos2 8 + sin2 8 + sin2 8 + cos2 8 = 1 + 1 = 2
3 cot( ) + cosec
D`vniY-3 cot = 4 Ges cos FYvZ¥K n‡j, Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
cos + sin( )
3
mgvavb: †`qv Av‡Q, cot = 4
B
5
 cosec =  4 [ cos FYvZ¥K Ges cot abvZ¥K]
4
4
sin =  5 [ cos FYvZ¥K Ges cot abvZ¥K] 
C 3 A
3
cos =  [ cos FYvZ¥K] ABC mg‡KvYx wÎfy‡Ri,
5
cot() + cosec cot + cosec BC2 = AB2 + AC2 = 42 + 32 = 25
GLb cÖ`Ë ivwk = =  BC = 5
cos + sin() cos  sin
3 5
 
8 5
= 3 4 =  4  1 = 10
4 4
 
 +
5 5
n 
D`vniY-4 n GKwU c~Y© msL¨v n‡j cosec  2 + (–1)n 6  Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
 
mgvavb : hw` n †Rvo msL¨v nq awi, n = 2m †hLv‡b m c~Y© msL¨v|
n  2m    
 cosec  2 + (–1)n 6 = cosec  2 + (–1)2m 6  = cosec m + 6 =  cosec 6 =  2
     
n we‡Rvo n‡j awi, n = 2m + 1 †hLv‡b m c~Y© msL¨v|
n  (2m+1) 2m+1 
cosec  2 + (–1)n 6 = cosec  + (–1) 
   2 6
      2
= cosec m + –  = cosec m +  =  cosec = 
 2 6  3 3 3
D`vniY-5 hw` ABCD PZzf©y‡Ri †KvY¸wj h_vµ‡g A, B, C, D nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h,
1 1
(i) cos (A + C) + cos (B + D) = 0 (ii) sin(A + B + C) + sin(A + B + C + 2D) = 0.
2 2
mgvavb: ABCD PZzfz©‡R, A + B + C + D = 360
1 1  1  1
(i) cos (A + C) = cos {360  (B + D)} = cos 180  (B + D) =  cos (B + D)
2 2  2  2
1 1
 cos 2 (A + C) + cos 2 (B + D) = 0
(ii) sin(A + B + C) + sin(A + B + C + 2D) = sin (360  D) + sin(360 + D)
= sin (4  90  D) + sin (4  90 + D)
=  sinD + sinD = 0
Abykxjbx-7.1
1. gvb wbY©q Ki :
(i) cos690 (ii) cot765 [KUET: 05-06] (iii) sec (–1500) [KUET: 06-07]
(iv) cosec1140 (v) cot 330 (vi) cos(990 + )
(vii) cot ( –1170) (viii) sin 210 + cot 225 [BUTEX: 10-11]
2. gvb wbY©q Ki:
3 
(i) cot  +  (ii) sin 
29
(iii) cos 
49
(iv) tan 
5 19
 2 3  4   6  2  3 
3. mij Ki:
cos(540  A) . sin(1080  A). cot (105 + A)
(i)
tan(195 + A) . cos(A). tan (630  A)
sin(  ) . cot   2 . sec(  )
7
sin3( + ). tan(2  ). sec2(  )  
(ii) (iii)
cos2 2   . cosec2. sin(  ) cos   2  . cosec  + 2 
1 3 5
     
4. gvb wbY©q Ki :
(i) sin780cos390 – sin330cos(– 300)
(ii) sin420cos390 + cos(– 300) sin(– 330)
(iii) sin480cos750 + cos(– 660) sin(– 870)
 3 5 7
(iv) sin2 4 + sin2 4 + sin2 4 + sin2 4
 5 8 9
(v) sin2 + sin2 + sin2 + sin2 [Kz. †ev. 16, iv. †ev. 13, Xv. †ev. 02, P. †ev. 00,
7 14 7 14
h. †ev. 11, e. †ev. 10, wm. †ev. 09, gv. †ev. 09, 01]
 19 31 37
(vi) cos2 24 + cos2 24 + cos2 24 + cos2 24
14 39 41 23
(vii) sec2 17 – sec2 17 + cot2 34 – cot2 34
 3 5 7 9 11
(viii) cos2 12 + cos2 12 + cos2 12 + cos2 12 + cos2 12 + cos2 12
(ix) cos225 + cos235 + cos245 + cos255 + cos265

(x) sin210 + sin220 + sin230 + ................ + sin280

(xi) sin23 + sin24 + sin25 + ................. + sin215 †hLv‡b  = . [BUET. 13-14]
36
(xii) sin23 + sin29 + sin215 + ................ + sin2 177
13
5. (i) hw` sec = Ges 270 <  < 360 nq Z‡e cosec Ges tan Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
12
13 131
(ii) sec = Ges 270 <  < 360 n‡j †`LvI †h, tan – cosec =
12 60
5 sin + cos( )
(iii) tan = Ges cos abvZ¥K n‡j Gi gvb KZ n‡e? [BUET: 1112]
12 sec( ) + tan
5 sin + cos(– ) 51
(iv) tan = Ges cos FYvZ¥K n‡j †`LvI †h, = [e. †ev. 00]
12 sec (– ) + tan 26
5  tan + sec (– ) 3
(v) sin = 13 Ges 2 <  <  n‡j †`LvI †h, =
cot + cosec(– ) 10
[Kz. †ev. 16; w`. †ev. 14; h. †ev. 12, P. †ev. 09]
 3 5 7 9
6. (i) †`LvI †h, tan 20 tan 20 tan 20 tan 20 tan 20 = 1
 3 5 7 9
(ii) †`LvI †h, cot cot cot cot cot =1 [e. †ev. 03]
20 20 20 20 20

(iii)  = 20 n‡j †`LvI †h, tan tan3 tan5 ....... tan19 = –1

(iv)  = 20 n‡j †`LvI †h, cot cot3 cot5 .......... cot19 = 1 [BUET: 11-12]

(v)  = 28 n‡j †`LvI †h, tan tan3 tan5 ............ tan13 = 1
7. n GKwU c~Y© msL¨v n‡j gvb wbY©q Ki :
n       
(i) tan  2 + (–1)n 4 (ii) sin n + (–1)n 3 (iii) sinn + (–1)n 4 (iv) cos(2n+1) + 3
       
8. †hvMdj wbY©q Ki:
(i) sin + sin( + ) + sin(2 + ) + ............ + sin(n + )
(ii) cosx + cos( + x) + cos(2 + x) + .......... + cos(n + x)
DËigvjv
3 2 1
1. (i) 2 (ii) 1 (iii) 2 (iv) (v) – 3 (vi) sin (vii) – tan (viii) 2
3
1 3 1
2. (i)  3 (ii) (iii) (iv) 3. (i)  sinA.tanA (ii) tan3 (iii) tan
2 2 3
1 5
4. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) 2 (iv) 2 (v) 2 (vi) 2 (vii) 0 (viii) 3 (ix) 2 (x) 4
13 13 5 34 3 1 1
(xi) 2 (xii) 15 5. (i) 5 , 12 (iii) 39 7. (i) 1 (ii) 2 (iii) (iv) – 2
2
8. (i) sin ev 0 hLb n h_vµ‡g †Rvo ev we‡Rvo (ii) cosx ev 0 hLb n h_vµ‡g †Rvo ev we‡Rvo
7.2.1 †hŠwMK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ :
‡hŠwMK †KvY : `y&B ev Z‡ZvwaK †Kv‡Yi exRMwYZxq †hvMdj‡K †h․wMK †KvY e‡j|
†hgb: A + B, A – B, A + B + C BZ¨vw`|
7.2.2 m~Î : A Ges B abvZ¥K m~²‡KvY Ges A + B < 90 n‡j
(i) sin(A + B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB
[w`. †ev. 11; gv. †ev. 04; wm. †ev. 04, w`. †ev. 04, Xv. †ev. 16, 03, 01, e. †ev. 02, iv. †ev. 04; P. †ev. 13]
(ii) cos(A + B) = cosAcosB – sinAsinB [Xv. †ev. 09, 04, 02,
w`. †ev. 15; iv. †ev. 09, Kz. †ev. 10, 04, e. †ev. 09, wm. †ev. 10, gv. †ev. 11, 08, 06, 02]
cÖgvY : g‡b Kwi, GKwU N~Y©vqgvb iwk¥ Avw` Ae¯’vb, OX †_‡K ïiæ P Z
K‡i Nwoi KuvUvi N~Y©‡bi wecixZµ‡g Ny‡i XOY = A Ges GKB
w`‡K AMÖmi n‡q YOZ = B †KvY Drcbœ K‡i| A
Y
Zvn‡j XOZ = A + B E
D
GLb N~Y©vqgvb iwk¥i †kl Ae¯’vb OZ Gi Dci GKwU we›`y P †_‡K B
A
OX Ges OY Gi Dci h_vµ‡g PH Ges PD j¤^ AuvwK| Avevi D
O H K X
we›`y †_‡K OX Ges PH Gi Dci h_vµ‡g DK Ges DE j¤^ AuvwK|
¯úóZB DPE = A, KviY DPE = 90 – PDE = 90 – (90 – EDO) = EDO = A
PH EH + PE DK + PE
GLb POH mg‡KvYx wÎfy‡R, sin (A+B) = OP = OP = OP
DK PE DK OD PE PD
= OP + OP = OD . OP + PD .OP
 sin(A+B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB

OH OK  KH OK–DE OK DE OK OD DE PD
Avevi, cos(A+B) = OP = OP = OP = OP – OP = OD . OP – PD .OP
 cos(A+B) = cosAcosB – sinAsinB

7.2.3 m~Î : A Ges B abvZ¥K m~²‡KvY Ges A > B n‡j

(i) sin(A – B) = sinAcosB – cosAsinB
[h. †ev. 06, 01; iv. †ev. 09; e. †ev. 06, 01, Kz. †ev. 03, 01, gv. †ev. 12, 09, 07, 01]
(ii) cos(A –B) = cosAcosB + sinAsinB
[iv. †ev. 07, 04, P. †ev. 07, Kz. †ev. 06, h. †ev. 15, 04, wm. †ev. 03, gv. †ev. 10, 05]
cÖgvY : g‡b Kwi, GKwU N~Y©vqgvb iwk¥ Avw` Ae¯’vb,
Y
OX †_‡K ïiæ K‡i Nwoi KuvUvi N~Y©‡bi wecixZµ‡g
A
Ny‡i XOY = A Ges H GKB iwk¥ GLb Nwoi D E
KuvUvi N~Y©‡bi w`‡K Ny‡i YOZ = B Drcbœ K‡i| Z
Zvn‡j XOZ = A – B.
GLb N~Y©vqgvb iwk¥i †kl Ae¯’vb OZ Gi Dci GKwU B
P
we›`y P †_‡K OX Ges OY Gi Dci h_vµ‡g PH Ges A
PD j¤^ AuvwK| Avevi D we›`y †_‡K OX Ges HP Gi O K X
H
ewa©Zvs‡ki Dci h_vµ‡g DK Ges DE j¤^ AuvwK|
¯úóZB DPE = A
KviY DPE = 90 – PDE = 90 – (90 – EDY) = EDY = A
GLb POH mg‡KvYx wÎfy‡R,
PH EH – PE DK – PE DK PE DK OD PE PD
sin (A  B) = = = = – = . – .
OP OP OP OP OP OD OP PD OP
 sin(A – B) = sinAcosB – cosAsinB
OH OK + KH OK + DE OK DE OK OD DE PD
Avevi, cos(A  B) = OP = OP = OP = +
OP OP OD OP
= . + .
PD OP
 cos(A – B) = cosAcosB + sinAsinB
`ªóe¨: sin (A + B), cos (A + B) Ges sin (A  B), cos (A  B) m~Î¸wj‡K †hvM m~Î Ges we‡qvM m~Î
ejv nq| A, B, A + B †KvY¸wj‡K abvZ¥K I m~²‡KvY Ges A  B †K abvZ¥K †KvY a‡i R¨vwgwZK
c×wZ‡Z †hvM m~Î I we‡qvM m~Î `yBwU cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G m~Î¸wj †h‡Kv‡bv wÎ‡KvYwgwZK †KvY A I B
Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| †KvY¸wji Dci Gme kZ© cÖ‡qvM bv K‡iI R¨vwgwZK c×wZ‡Z m~Î¸wj cÖgvY Kiv hvq|
tanA + tanB tanA – tanB
7.2.4 m~Î : (i) tan (A + B) = (ii) tan (A – B) =
1– tanA tanB 1 + tanA tanB
cotA cotB – 1 cotA cotB + 1
(iii) cot (A + B) = (iv) cot (A – B) =
cotB + cotA cotB – cotA
sinA cosB cosA sinB
+
sin (A + B) sinA cosB + cosA sinB cosA cosB cosA cosB tanA + tanB
cÖgvY: (i) tan (A + B) = cos (A + B) = cosA cosB – sinA sinB = cosA cosB sinA sinB = 1– tanA tanB
cosA cosB – cosA cosB
sinA cosB cosA sinB
–
sin(A – B) sinA cosB – cosA sinB cosA cosB cosA cosB tanA – tanB
(ii) tan(A – B) = = = =
cos(A – B) cosA cosB + sinA sinB cosA cosB sinA sinB 1+ tanA tanB
+
cosA cosB cosA cosB
cosA cosB sinA sinB
cos(A + B) cosA cosB – sinA sinB sinA sinB – sinA sinB cotA cotB – 1
(iii) cot(A + B) = sin(A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB = sinA cosB cosA sinB = cotB + cotA
+
sinA sinB sinA sinB
cosA cosB sinA sinB
cos(A – B) cosA cosB + sinA sinB sinA sinB + sinA sinB cotA cotB + 1
(iv) cot(A – B) = sin(A – B) = sinA cosB – cosA sinB = sinA cosB cosA sinB = cotB – cotA
–
sinA sinB sinA sinB
7.2.5 †hŠwMK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ m¤úwK©Z KwZcq Abywm×všÍ:
(i) sin(A + B) sin(A – B) = sin2A – sin2B = cos2B – cos2A
(ii) cos(A + B) cos(A – B) = cos2A – sin2B = cos2B – sin2A
cÖgvY: (i) sin(A + B) sin(A – B)
= (sinA cosB + cosA sinB) (sinA cosB – cosA sinB)
= sin2A cos2B – cos2A sin2B = sin2A (1 – sin2B) – sin2B (1 – sin2A)
= sin2A – sin2B = 1  cos2A  (1  cos2B) = 1  cos2A  1 + cos2B = cos2B  cos2A
(ii) cos (A + B) cos (A – B) = (cosA cosB – sinA sinB) (cosA cosB + sinA sinB)
= cos2A cos2B – sin2A sin2B = cos2A (1 – sin2B) – sin2B (1 – cos2A)
= cos2A – sin2B = (1– sin2A) – (1 – cos2B) = cos2B – sin2A
D`vniYgvjv
D`vniY-1 gvb wbY©q Ki : (i) cos15 (ii) tan75 [h. †ev. 17]
mgvavb : (i) cos15 = cos (45– 30) = cos45cos30 + sin45sin30
1 3 1 1 3+1 2 ( 3 + 1) 1
= . 2 + .2 = = = 4 [ 6 + 2]
2 2 2 2 2. 2 2
tan45 + tan30 1 + 1/ 3
(ii) tan75 = tan(45 + 30) = =
1 – tan45tan30 1  1/ 3
3 +1 ( 3 + 1)2 4+2 3
= = = 3–1 =2+ 3
3 – 1 ( 3 + 1)( 3 – 1)
D`vniY-2 sin(A  B + C) †K we¯Í…Z Ki| [P. †ev. 17]
mgvavb: sin(A  B + C) = sin{(A  B) + C}
= sin(A  B) cosC + cos(A  B) sinC
= (sinA cosB  cosA sinB) cosC + (cosA cosB + sinA sinB) sinC
= sinA cosB cosC  cosA sinB cosC + cosA cosB sinC + sinA sinB sinC
sin75 + sin15
D`vniY-3 †`LvI †h, = 3
sin75 – sin15
cos15 sin15
+
sin75 + sin15 sin(90 – 15) + sin15 cos15 + sin15 cos15 cos15
mgvavb : = = =
sin75 – sin15 sin(90 – 15) – sin15 cos15 – sin15 cos15 sin15
–
cos15 cos15
1 + tan15 tan45 + tan15
= = = tan (45 + 15) = tan 60 = 3
1 – tan15 1 – tan45 . tan15
D`vniY-4 cÖgvY Ki †h, tan 65 = tan 25 + 2tan 40 [wm. †ev. 19]
tan 25 + tan 40
mgvavb : tan 65 = tan(25 + 40)  tan 65 =
1  tan 25 tan 40
 tan 65  tan 25 tan 40 tan 65 = tan 25 + tan 40
 tan 65  tan 25 tan 40 tan (90  25) = tan 25 + tan 40
 tan 65  tan 25 tan 40 cot 25 = tan 25 + tan 40
 tan 65  tan 40 = tan 25 + tan 40  tan 65 = tan 25 + 2tan 40
D`vniY-5 a sin(x + ) = b sin(x  ) n‡j †`LvI †h, (a + b)tan + (a  b)tanx = 0
sin(x + ) b
mgvavb: †`qv Av‡Q, a sin(x + ) = b sin(x  ) ev, =
sin(x  ) a
sin(x + ) + sin(x  ) b + a 2 sinx cos b+a
ev, = ev, =
sin(x + )  sin(x  ) b  a 2cosx sin (a  b)
a+b 1 a+b
ev, tanx cot =  ev, tanx. =
ab tan ab
ev, (a  b)tanx =  (a + b)tan  (a + b)tan + (a  b)tanx = 0

D`vniY-6 hw` A + B = 4 nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, (1 + tanA) (1 + tanB) = 2 [JnU: 19-20, RUET: 10-11]

mgvavb: (1 + tanA) (1 + tanB) = 1 + tan 4  B (1 + tanB)
 
  
 tan 4  tanB  1 + tanB + 1  tanB

 (1 + tanB) =  1 + tanB  (1 + tanB) = (1 + tanB) (1 + tanB) = 2
2
= 1 +

 1 + tan 4 . tanB
Shortcut Technique only for MCQ
cos + sin cos  sin
(i) = tan(45 + ) (ii) = tan(45  )
cos  sin cos + sin
cos10  sin10
D`vniY (a) = KZ? [RUET: 10-11]
cos10 + sin10
cos10  sin10
mgvavb: = tan(45  10) = tan35
cos10 + sin10
sin75 + sin15
D`vniY (b) = KZ? [JnU: 10-11; DU: 04-05; CU: 14-15]
sin75  sin15
sin75 + sin15 sin(90  15) + sin15 cos15 + sin15
mgvavb: = = = tan(45 + 15) = tan60 = 3
sin75  sin15 sin(90  15)  sin15 cos15  sin15
Abykxjbx-7.2
1. gvb wbY©q Ki :
(i) sin15 (ii) cos75 [iv. †ev. 19] (iii) sin105 (iv) tan105 (v) sec165
2. A Ges B abvZ¥K m~²‡KvY Ges A > B n‡j
3 12
(i) hw` sinA = 5 Ges cosB = 13 nq Z‡e sin(A – B) Ges cos(A + B) Gi gvb KZ?
11 7
(ii) hw` cotA = 2 , tanB = 24 nq Z‡e cot(A  B) Ges tan (A + B) Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
17 5
(iii) hw` secA = 8 , cosecB = 4 nq, Z‡e sec(A + B) Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
3. gvb wbY©q Ki:
(i) sin2832 sin8832 + sin6128 sin128 [P. †ev. 19]
(ii) cos3815 sin6815  cos5145 sin2145 [h. †ev. 19]
(iii) cos7433' cos1433' + cos7527' cos1527' [wm. †ev. 17]
tan6835  cot6625
(iv)
1 + tan6835 cot6625
cÖgvY Ki (48):
4. (i) cosA sin(B – C) + cosB sin (C – A) + cosC sin (A – B) = 0
sin(B  C) sin(C  A) sin(A  B)
(ii) cosB.cosC + cosC.cosA + cosA.cosB = 0
(iii) sin(A  B).cos(A  C)  cos(A  B) sin(A  C) = sin(C  B)
(iv) sin(n + 1)x. cos(n  1)x  cos(n + 1)x sin(n  1)x = sin 2x
3
(v) sinA sin(A + 30) + cosA sin(A + 120) = 2 [BUET: 94-95, KUET: 07-08; gv. †ev. 15]
(vi) cos(x  60) cos(x  30)  sin(x  60) sin(x + 330) = sin2x
tan(3  2) + tan2 cot(3A  B) cotB  1
(vii) = tan3 (viii) = cot3A
1  tan(3  2).tan2 cotB + cot(3A  B)
cos25– sin25 cos8 + sin8
5. (i) = tan20 [RUET: 10-11] (ii) = tan53
cos25 + sin25 cos8  sin8
sin75  sin15 1 cos75 + cos15
(iii) = [gv. †ev. 03] (iv) = 3
sin75 + sin15 3 cos75  cos15
[BUET: 98-99, P. †ev. 17]
6. (i) tan7A.tan4A.tan3A = tan7A  tan4A  tan3A
(ii) tan36 + tan9 + tan36tan9 = 1 [KUET: 04-05; e. †ev. 06, 04]
(iii) tan33 + tan12 + tan33 tan12 = 1
   
(iv) tan 20 + tan 5 + tan 20 . tan 5 = 1
(v) tan70 = tan20 + 2tan50 [BUET: 03-04; Xv. †ev. 15, 10; e. †ev. 06; P. †ev. 05; gv. †ev. 00]
(vi) tan50 = tan40 + 2tan10
(vii) tan54 = tan36 + 2tan18 [CUET: 04-05]
(viii) tan(y  z) + tan(z  x) + tan(x  y) = tan(x  y).tan (y  z) tan(z  x)
7. (i) sinA + sin(A + 120) + sin(A  120) = 0
(ii) cos + cos(120 – ) + cos(120 + ) = 0
cos(45 + A) + cos(45  A)
(iii) = cotA
cos(45  A)  cos(45 + A)
8. (i) tan(45 + A) tan(45  A) = 1
sin2A  sin2B
(ii) tan(A + B) tan(A  B) =
cos2A  sin2B
 
tan 4 +   tan 4  
   
(iii) = sin2
 
tan 4 +  + tan  4  
   
4 sin2A
(iv) tan (A + 60) + tan (A – 60) = 1 – 4 sin2A [wm. †ev. 13]
sin2A
(v) cot(A + B) + cot(A  B) = 2
sin A  sin2B
9. (i) A + B + C =  Ges cosA = cosB cosC n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tanA = tanB + tanC
[iv. †ev. 14; P. †ev. 00, e. †ev. 05; w`. †ev. 13; Kz. †ev; 17, 13; e. †ev. 13]
1
(ii) A + B + C =  Ges cosA = cosB cosC n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cotB cotC = 2 A_ev tanB tanC = 2
[h. †ev. 09, 03]
(iii) A + B + C =  Ges secB = secC secA n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tanA = 2 cotC [P. †ev. 17]
10. (i) cos cos – sin sin = 1 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, 1 + cottan = 0 [wm. †ev. 16; h. †ev. 07]
(ii) a cos(x + ) = b cos(x – ) n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, (a + b) tanx = (a – b) cot [Xv. †ev. 05]
k–1
(iii)  +  =  Ges tan = k tan n‡j †`LvI †h, sin( – ) = k + 1 sin
[KUET. 03-04; BIT. 01-02; wm. †ev. 02]

(iv) A †KvY‡K  I  Ggb `yBwU As‡k wef³ Kiv n‡jv †hb tan : tan = x : y nq
xy
Z‡e †`LvI †h, sin(  ) = x + y sinA
1  k sin
11. (i) sin = k cos(  ) n‡j †`LvI †h, cot =
k cos
a cos – b cos
(ii) a sin( + ) = b sin( + ) n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cot = [h. †ev. 05]
b sin – a sin
x sin y sin sin x
(iii) tan = Ges tan = n‡j †`LvI †h, =
1  x cos 1  y cos sin y
secx secy
(iv) †`LvI †h, cosec (x  y) = [BIT. 95-96]
tanx  tany
sin( + ) 2sin( + )
12. (i) = n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cot – cot = 2cot [Kz. †ev. 12]
sin sin
2sin.sin
(ii) tan = n‡j †`LvI †h, cot + cot = 2cot.
sin( + )
(iii) cos(  ).cos = cos(   + ) n‡j †`LvI †h, cot, cot Ges cot mgvšÍi cÖMgb fy³|
1 1
13. (i) hw` tan  tan = a Ges cot  cot = b nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, cot(  ) = a + b
(ii) tan + tan = b, cot + cot = a Ges  +  =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, (a – b) tan = ab
[KUET. 12-13, 10-11; w`. †ev. 16; iv. †ev. 15; Xv. †ev. 11; P. †ev. 16, 12, e. †ev. 08; h. †ev. 01]
n sin cos
14. tan = n‡j †`LvI †h, tan(  ) = (1  n) tan
1  n sin2
b
15. hw` tan = a nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, a cos + b sin = a2 + b2 . cos(  )
3
16. cos(  ) + cos(  ) + cos(  ) =  2 n‡j †`LvI †h,  cos = 0 Ges  sin = 0
17. hw` 2 cosA = cosB + cos3B Ges 2 sinA = sinB – sin3B nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,
1
sin (A – B) =  3 . [mKj ‡evW© 18, Xv. †ev. 04]
DËigvjv
6 2 6 2 6+ 2
1. (i) 4 (ii) 4 (iii) 4 (iv)  (2 + 3) (v) 2  6
16 33 278 1 85 1 1 1
2. (i) , (ii)  Ges (iii)  3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1
65 65 29 2 36 2 2 2
7.3 †hŠwMK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ m¤úwK©Z Abywm×všÍ:

(i) 2sinAcosB = sin(A + B) + sin(A – B)
(ii) 2cosAsinB = sin(A + B) – sin(A – B)
(iii) 2cosAcosB = cos (A + B) + cos (A – B)
(iv) 2sinAsinB = cos (A – B) – cos (A + B)
C+D C–D
(v) sinC + sinD = 2 sin cos
2 2
C+D C–D
(vi) sinC – sinD = 2 cos sin
2 2
C+D C–D
(vii) cosC + cosD = 2 cos cos
2 2
C+D D–C
(viii) cosC – cosD = 2 sin sin
2 2
cÖgvY: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) :
†h․wMK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ †_‡K Avgiv cvB-
sinAcosB + cosAsinB = sin (A + B) .................................................. (a)
sinAcosB – cosAsinB = sin (A – B) ...................................................(b)
(a) + (b)  2sinAcosB = sin(A + B) + sin(A – B)
(a) – (b)  2cosAsinB = sin (A + B) – sin (A – B)
Avevi, cosAcosB – sinAsinB = cos(A + B) ........................................ (c)
cosAcosB + sinAsinB = cos(A – B) .................................................. (d)
(c) + (d)  2cosAcosB = cos (A + B) + cos (A – B)
(d) – (c)  2sinAsinB = cos(A –B) – cos (A + B)
cÖgvY: (v), (vi), (vii) (viii) :
C+D C–D
awi, A + B = C Ges A – B = D Zvn‡j A = 2 Ges B = 2
C+D C–D
(i) ‡_‡K (iii) ch©šÍ m~‡Î A + B = C, A – B = D, A = 2 Ges B = 2 ewm‡q cvB,
C+D C–D
sinC + sinD = 2 sin cos
2 2
C+D C–D
sinC – sinD = 2 cos 2 sin 2
C+D C–D
cosC + cosD = 2 cos 2 cos 2
C+D DC
Avevi, A  B = C Ges A + B = D n‡j A = 2 Ges B = 2
C+D DC
(iv) bs m~‡Î A  B = C, A + B = D, A = Ges B = 2 ewm‡q cvB,
2
C+D D–C
cosC – cosD = 2 sin 2 sin 2
D`vniYgvjv
D`vniY-1 cÖgvY Ki †h, cos 70  cos 10 + sin 40 = 0
10  70
mgvavb : cos 70  cos 10 + sin 40 = 2sin 
70 + 10
sin 
2   2  + sin 40
1
= 2sin 40 sin (30) + sin 40 =  2. 2 sin 40 + sin 40 =  sin 40 + sin 40 = 0
 cos 70  cos 10 + sin 40 = 0
D`vniY-2 cÖgvY Ki †h, sin 25 + cos 25 = 2 cos 20 [Xv. †ev. 17]
mgvavb : sin 25 + cos 25 = sin (90  65) + cos 25
65 + 25 65  25
= cos 65 + cos 25 = 2cos 2 cos 2
1
= 2cos 45 cos 20 = 2. cos 20 = 2 cos 20
2
 sin 65 + cos 65 = 2 cos 20
k1 yx
D`vniY-3 cosx = k cosy n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tan  2  = k + 1 cot  2 
x+y
x+y yx
2sin sin
cosx cosx  cosy k  1 2 2 k1
mgvavb : cosx = k cosy  cosy = k  cosx + cosy = k + 1  =
y+x yx k+1
2 cos cos
2 2
yx k1 x+y k1 yx
 tan  2  tan  2  = k + 1  tan  2  = k + 1 cot  2 
x+y
       
4 cos2A
D`vniY-4 cÖgvY Ki †h, cot(A + 15)  tan(A  15) = 2 sin2A + 1
cos(A + 15) sin(A  15)
mgvavb: cot(A + 15)  tan(A  15) = 
sin(A + 15) cos(A  15)
cos(A + 15) cos(A  15)  sin(A + 15) sin(A  15)
=
sin(A + 15) cos(A  15)
cos(A + 15 + A  15) cos2A 2 cos2A
= = =
sin(A + 15) cos(A  15) sin(A + 15) cos(A  15) 2sin(A + 15) cos(A  15)
2cos2A 2cos2A 2cos2A 4cos2A
= = = =
sin(A + 15 + A  15) + sin(A + 15  A + 15) sin2A + sin30 1 2sin2A + 1
sin2A + 2

 A m~ÿ‡KvY n‡j, sinA + cosA = 2 cos(45  A)
D`vniY (a) sin65 + cos65 = ? [RU: 15-16, 12-13; DU: 14-15, 02-03; JU: 09-10; KU: 06-07]
mgvavb: sin65 + cos65 = 2 cos(45  65) = 2 cos( 20) = 2 cos20
D`vniY (b) sin18 + cos18 Gi gvb KZ? [RUET: 13-14, BUET: 09-10]
mgvavb: sin18 + cos18 = 2 cos(45  18) = 2 cos27
Abykxjbx-7.3
cÖgvY Ki: (15)
1. (i) cos40 + cos80 + cos160 = 0
(ii) sin50  sin70 + sin10 = 0
(iii) sinA + sin(120 + A) + sin(240 + A) = 0
(iv) cos(120 + ) + cos(240 + ) + cos = 0
2. (i) sin27 + cos27 = 2 cos18 [KUET: 06-07; e. †ev. 11]
(ii) sin18 + cos18 = 2 cos27 [RUET: 13-14]
(iii) cos85 + sin85 = 2 cos40
(iv) sin65 + cos65 = 2 cos20 [DU: 14-15]
cosA + cosB 1 1
3. (i) = cot 2 (A + B) . cot 2 (B  A)
cosA  cosB
(ii) sin( +  + ) + sin(    ) + sin( +   ) + sin(   + ) = 4sin.cos.cos
sin + sin3 + sin5 sin + sin5 + sin9 + sin13
(iii) = tan3 (iv) = tan7
cos + cos3 + cos5 cos + cos5 + cos9 + cos13
sin7  sin3  sin5 + sin cos8 + 6 cos6 + 13 cos4 + 8 cos2
(v) = tan2 (vi) = 2 cos
cos7 + cos3  cos5  cos cos7 + 5 cos5 + 8 cos3
45 +  45 –  2 cos – 1
4. (i) tan 2 tan 2 =
2 cos + 1
[BUET: 98-99, h. †ev. 12, e. †ev. 09, 02, Xv. †ev. 16, 08, 02, Kz. †ev. 08, iv. †ev. 16, 01]
  2cos 2  1
(ii) tan 6 +  . tan 6   =
    2 cos2 + 1
3
5. (i) sin20 sin40 sin60 sin80 = 16 [gv. †ev. 04]
1
(ii) cos20 cos40 cos60 cos80 = 16
3
(iii) cos10 cos50 cos70 = 8
1
(iv) sin sin(60  ) sin(60 + ) = 4 sin3 [KUET. 09-10]
1
(v) cos cos(60  ) cos(60 + ) = 4 cos3
 
(vii) 2sin +  sin    = sin2  cos2
1
(vi) sin(45 + A) sin(45  A) = cos 2A
2  4  4
 
(viii) sec +  sec    = 2sec 2 (ix) 4cos cos  +  cos  +  = cos3
2 4
4  4  3  3 
 9 3 5  3 5 7 2
(x) 2cos 13 cos 13 + cos 13 + cos 13 = 0 (xi) sin 16 . sin 16 . sin 16 . sin 16 = 16
1 m1 1
6. (i) hw` sinx = m siny nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, tan 2 (x  y) = m + 1 tan 2 (x + y) [BUET: 97-98]
1 1k 1
(ii) hw`  +  =  Ges cos = k cos nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, tan 2 (  ) = 1 + k cot 2 
A–B
n‡j †`LvI †h, tan  2  cot  2  = 5 + 2 6
1 1 A+B
(iii) sinA = Ges sinB =
2 3    
1
(iv) cosecA + secA = cosecB + secB n‡j, †`LvI †h, tanA tanB = cot 2 (A + B)
2  +  2  +  a2 – b2
 2  – sin  2  = a2 + b2
(v) a cos + b sin = a cos + b sin n‡j †`LvI †h, cos
[Kz. †ev. 08, wm. †ev. 03]
7. (i) hw` sinx + siny = 1 Ges cosx + cosy = 0 nq Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, x + y = .
[RUET: 18-19, BUET: 01-02]

(ii) sinA + cosA = sinB + cosB n‡j †`LvI †h, A + B = 2 ‡hLv‡b A  B.
[Kz. †ev. 19, e. †ev. 19; 12, P. †ev. 10, w`. †ev. 10, wm. †ev. 09]
8. hw` (  ) m~²‡KvY Ges sin + sin = 3 (cos  cos) nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, sin3 + sin3 = 0
cosA + cosB n sinA + sinB n
cÖgvY Ki †h,  sinA – sinB  + cosA – cosB = 2cot 2 A_ev 0 hLb n h_vµ‡g †Rvo
n A–B
9.
   
A_ev we‡Rvo msL¨v|
 
10. A Gi †h gv‡bi Rb¨ cosA sin A   Gi gvb e„nËg nq Zv wbY©q Ki, †hLv‡b A m~²‡KvY| [Ans: ]
 6 3
7.4.1 ¸wYZK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:

2A, 3A, 4A BZ¨vw` †KvY‡K A †Kv‡Yi ¸wYZK †KvY ejv nq| GLv‡b 2A, 3A †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK
AbycvZ‡K A †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK Abycv‡Z cÖKvk Kiv nj|
7.4.2 Abywm×všÍ :
(i) sin2A = 2sinAcosA (ii) cos2A = cos2A– sin2A = 2cos2A – 1 = 1 – 2sin2A
2tanA cot2A  1 2tanA 1 – tan2A
(iii) tan2A = (iv) cot2A = (v) sin2A = (vi) cos2A =
1–tan2A 2cotA 1 + tan2A 1 + tan2A
(vii) sin3A = 3sinA – 4sin3A [BUTeX: 1011] (viii) cos3A = 4cos3A – 3cosA
3tanA – tan3A cot3A  3 cotA 3cotA – cot3A
(ix) tan3A = (x) cot3A = = [BUET: 04-05]
1 – 3tan2A 3 cot2A  1 1 – 3cot2A
cÖgvY: (i) sin(A + B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB m~‡Î B = A ewm‡q cvB,
sin2A = sinAcosA + cosAsinA = 2sinAcosA.
(ii) cos (A + B) = cosAcosB – sinA sinB m~‡Î B = A ewm‡q cvB,
cos2A = cosAcosA – sinAsinA = cos2A – sin2A
= cos2A – (1 – cos2A) = 2cos2A – 1
= 2(1 – sin2A) – 1 = 2 – 2sin2A – 1 = 1 – 2sin2A
 cos2A = 2cos2A – 1 Ges cos2A = 1 – 2sin2A
cÿ cwieZ©b K‡i cvB, 1 + cos2A = 2cos2A Ges 1 – cos2A = 2sin2A
tanA + tanB tanA + tanA 2tanA
(iii) tan (A + B) = 1– tanAtanB m~‡Î B = A ewm‡q cvB, tan2A = 1 – tanA.tanA = 1– tan2A
cotA cotB – 1 cotA cotA – 1 cot2A  1
(iv) cot (A + B) = cotB + cotA m~‡Î B = A ewm‡q cvB, cot2A = cotA + cotA = 2cotA
sinA 1 2tanA
(v) sin2A = 2 sinA cosA = 2 . cosA . cos2A = 2tanA . sec2A = 1 + tan2A
sin2A 
(vi) cos2A = cos2A – sin2A = cos2A 1 –
 cos2A
1 1 – tan2A 1 – tan2A
= sec2A (1 – tan A) = sec2A = 1 + tan2A
2
(vii) sin3A = sin(2A + A) = sin2A cosA + cos2A.sinA

= 2sinAcosA.cosA + (1 – 2sin2A).sinA
= 2sinA.cos2A + (1 – 2sin2A).sinA
= 2sinA(1 – sin2A) + sinA – 2sin3A = 3sinA – 4sin3A
(viii) cos3A = cos(2A + A) = cos2A cosA – sin2A sinA
= (2cos2A – 1) cosA – 2sinAcosA. sinA
= (2cos2A – 1) cosA – 2cosA(1 – cos2A) = 4cos3A – 3cosA
2tanA
+ tanA
tan2A + tanA 1–tan2A
(ix) tan3A = tan (2A + A) = 1 – tan2A.tanA = 2tanA
1– . tanA
1–tan2A
2tanA + tanA – tan3A 3tanA – tan3A
= =
1 – tan2A – 2tan2A 1 – 3tan2A
cot2A  1
cotA. 2 cotA 1
cotA cot2A  1
(x) cot3A = cot(2A + A) = cotA + cot2A =
cot2A  1
cotA + 2 cotA
cot3A  cotA  2cotA

2 cotA cot3A  3 cotA 3cotA – cot3A
= = = 1 – 3cot2A
2 cot2A + cot2A  1 3 cot2A  1
2 cotA
D`vniYgvjv
y
D`vniY-1 tan = x n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, x cos2 + y sin2 = x
y sin y
mgvavb: tan = x ev, = ev, y cos = x sin
cos x
GLb, x cos2 + y sin2 = x(1  2sin2) + y.2sin.cos
= x  2x sin2 + 2sin.ycos
= x  2x sin2 + 2sin.xsin
= x  2x sin2 + 2x sin2 = x
2 4 8 14
D`vniY-2 ‡`LvI †h, 16 cos15 cos15 cos15 cos 15 = 1 [BUET: 15-16, 00-01; KUET: 09-10;
h. †ev. 14; Kz. †ev. 02, iv. †ev. 04, Xv. †ev. 06, w`. †ev. 16, 12, wm. †ev. 16, 14; e. †ev. 15, 13]
2 4 8 14
mgvavb: evgcÿ = 16 cos 15 cos 15 cos 15 cos 15
2
= 16 cos cos2 cos4 cos7; [ 15 =  a‡i]
16
= sin cos cos2 cos4 cos7
sin
8
= (2 sin cos) cos2 cos4 cos7
sin
8
= sin2 cos2 cos4 cos7
sin
4
= (2 sin2 cos2) cos4 cos7
sin
4
= sin4 cos4 cos7
sin
2
= (2 sin4 cos4) cos7
sin
2 2 sin8 cos7
= sin8 cos7 =
sin sin
sin(8 + 7) + sin(8  7)
=
sin
sin15 + sin sin2 + sin 2
= = [ 15 =   2 = 15]
sin sin
0 + sin sin
= = = 1 = Wvbcÿ
sin sin
D`vniY-3 †`LvI †h, tan20 tan40 tan80 = 3
[BUET: 04-05, BUTeX: 11-12; P. †ev. 19, 06; e. †ev. 07, 03, iv. †ev. 10, Kz. †ev. 09]
mgvavb : tan20 tan40 tan80
= tan20 tan(60 – 20) tan(60 + 20)
tan60 – tan20 tan60 + tan20
= tan20. .
1 + tan60tan20 1 – tan60tan20
3 – tan20 3 + tan20
= tan20 . .
1 + 3tan20 1 – 3tan20
3 – tan220 3tan20 – tan320
= tan20. =
1 – 3tan220 1 – 3tan220
= tan(3 × 20) = tan60 = 3
D`vniY-4 cos5 †K cos Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki:

mgvavb: cos5 = cos(4 + )
= cos4 cos – sin4sin
= (2cos22 – 1)cos – 2sin2.cos2.sin
= cos{2(2cos2 – 1)2 – 1} – 2.2sin.cos(2cos2 – 1).sin
= cos(8cos4 – 8cos2 + 1) – 4cos (2cos2 – 1) (1 – cos2)
= 8cos5 – 8cos3 + cos – 4cos (3cos2 – 2cos4 – 1)
= 8cos5 – 8cos3 + cos – 12cos3 + 8cos5 + 4cos
= 16cos5 – 20cos3 + 5cos
D`vniY-5 hw` sinx + siny = a Ges cosx + cosy = b nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,
1 2
cosec (x  y) = 
2 4  a2  b2
x+y xy
mgvavb: GLv‡b sinx + siny = a ev, 2sin 2 cos 2 = a ............... (i)
x+y xy
Ges cosx + cosy = b ev, 2cos 2 cos 2 = b ............................ (ii)
GLb (i) Ges (ii) †K eM© I †hvM K‡i cvB,
xy 2x+y x + y
4cos2 sin + cos2  = a 2 + b2
2  2 2 
xy x  y a 2 + b2
ev, 4cos2 2 = a2 + b2 ev, cos2 2 = 4
x  y a 2 + b2 xy a 2 + b2
ev, 1  sin2 2 = 4 ev, sin2 2 = 1  4
x  y 4  a2  b2 xy 1
ev, sin2 2 = 4 ev, sin 2 =  2 4  a2  b2
xy 2
 cosec 2 = 
4  a2  b2
1 3
D`vniY-6 †`LvI †h, – =4 [iv. †ev. 15, 07, 02, P. †ev. 14, 12, 08, 04,
sin10 cos10
Kz. †ev. 06, wm. †ev. 12, w`. †ev. 15, 11, e. †ev. 08, P. †ev. 08, Xv. †ev. 07; h. †ev. 13, 09]
1 3
cos10 – sin10
1 3 cos10 – 3sin10 2 2
mgvavb : – = = 1
sin10 cos10 sin10cos10
2 sin10cos10
sin30cos10 – cos30sin10 sin(30–10) sin20
= 1 1 =1 = 4. =4
sin20
.
2 2 . 2sin10cos10 4 . sin(2  10)
1
D`vniY-7 hw` 13 =  nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, cos. cos2. cos3. cos 4. cos 5. cos 6 = 26
1
mgvavb: 2 sin.cos = sin2 ev, sin.cos = 2 sin2
1
ev, sin.cos.cos2 = 2 sin2.cos2 [Dfqc‡ÿ cos2 Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
1
ev, sin.cos.cos2 = 2sin2.cos2
22
1
ev, sin.cos.cos2 = 22 sin4
1
Abyiƒ‡c, sin.cos.cos2.cos4 = 23 sin8
........ ...... ....... ....... ..... ........... .......... .......... ...... ..... ....
........ ...... ....... ....... ..... ........... .......... .......... ...... ..... ....
1
sin.cos.cos2.cos4.cos8.cos16.cos32 = 26 sin64
1
ev, sin.cos.cos2.cos4.cos(13  5).cos(13 + 3).cos(2  13 + 6) = 26 sin(5  13  )
1
ev, sin.cos.cos2.cos4.cos(  5).cos( + 3).cos(2 + 6) = 26 sin(5  ) [ 13 = ]
1
ev, sin.cos.cos2.cos4.(cos5).(cos3).cos6 = 26 sin
1
ev, cos.cos2.cos4.cos5.cos3.cos6 = 26 [ sin  0]
1
 cos.cos2.cos3.cos4.cos5.cos6 =
26
D`vniY-8 hw` cosec2A + cosec2B + cosec2C = 0 nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,
tanA + tanB + tanC + cotA + cotB + cotC = 0.
mgvavb: tanA + tanB + tanC + cotA + cotB + cotC
= (tanA + cotA) + (tanB + cotB) + (tanC + cotC)
= cosA + sinA  + cosB + sinB  + cosC + sinC 
sinA cosA sinB cosB sinC cosC
     
2 2 2 2
sin C + cos2C
2
=  sinA.cosA  +  cosB.sinB  +  sinC.cosC 
sin A + cos A sin B + cos B
     
1 1 1
= + +
sinA.cosA cosB.sinB cosC.cosC
2 2 2
= + +
2sinA.cosA 2sinB.cosB 2sinC.cosC
= 2 sin2A + sin2B + sin2C
1 1 1
 
= 2(cosec2A + cosec2B + cosec2C) = 2 × 0 = 0
Abykxjbx-7.4
cÖgvY Ki (17):
sin2A 1  cos2 + sin2
1. (i) = tanA (ii) = tan
1 + cos2A 1 + cos2 + sin2
sinA + sin2A
(iii) = tanA (iv) tan(1 + sec2) = tan2
1 + cosA + cos2A
(v) tanA + cotA = 2cosec2A (vi) cosec2A  cot2A = tanA
sin + cos sin  1 + sin2
(vii) =1 (viii) = cot; †hLv‡b  abvZ¥K I m~²‡KvY
1 + sin2 cos  1 + sin2
cosx  cos2x cos(45 + A)
(ix) = 2cosx + 1 (x) = sec2A  tan2A [e. †ev. 04]
1  cosx cos(45  A)
4tan2x
2. (i) sin2x. tan2x = (ii) 1 + tan2A tanA = sec2A [BIT: 97-98]
1  tan4x
1
(iii) hw` tan = nq Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, 10sin2  6tan2 + 5cos2 = 3 [BIT: 01-02]
2
a 4 ab (b2  a2)
(iv) tan = b n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, sin4 = (b2 + a2)2 [BIT: 96-97]

tan2  + 4  1
1 1  
(v) tan = 7 Ges tan = 3 n‡j †`LvI †h, cos2 = sin4 (vi) = sin2
2 
tan  + + 1
 4
   
(i) sin2 8 + 2 – sin2 8 – 2 =
1
3. sin [iv. †ev. 10; wm. †ev. 05]
    2
3
(ii) sin2 (60 + A) + sin2A + sin2 (60  A) =
2
3
(iii) cos2(A – 120) + cos2A + cos2 (A + 120) = 2
[w`. †ev. 13; Xv. †ev. 03, h. †ev. 15, 08, Kz. †ev. 07, gv. †ev. 05]
(iv) cosnA cos(n + 2)A  cos (n + 1)A + sin2A = 0
2
(v) tan20 tan40 tan60 tan80 = 3 [h. †ev. 17, Xv. †ev. 17]
(vi) tanA tan(60 + A) tan(120 + A) =  tan3A
(vii) tanA tan(60  A) tan(240 + A) = tan3A

(viii) tan + tan 3 +  + tan  3 +  = 3 tan3
2
[BUET: 16-17]
   
cos3 + sin3 1 1
4. (i) = 1  2 sin2 (ii) sin4x + cos4x = 1  2 sin22x
cos + sin
1
(iii) sin8 + cos8 = 1  sin22 + sin42
8
5. (i) sin32 = 25 sin.cos.cos2.cos22.cos23.cos24
(ii) cos4 = 8cos4  8cos2 + 1
(iii) sin5 = 16sin5  20sin3 + 5sin
3 1
6. cÖgvY Ki †h,  =4 [wm. †ev. 19; Xv. †ev. 10]
sin20 cos20
2
7. (i) secx = [Xv. †ev. 19, 14; h. †ev. 05, w`. †ev. 09]
2 + 2 + 2cos4x
2
(ii) secx =
2+ 2+ 2 + 2 + 2cos16x
3 3
8. (i) 4(sin 10 + cos 20) = 3(sin10 + cos20)
(ii) 4(sin325 + cos35) = 3 3 sin55 [CUET. 13-14]
3
(iii) sin3x + sin3(120 + x) + sin3(240 + x) = – 4 sin3x
[RUET: 13-14; e. †ev. 14; iv. †ev. 06, 00, wm. †ev. 02, 04, 10, P. †ev. 07; gv. †ev. 06]
3
(iv) cos3x + cos3(120 + x) + cos3(240 + x) = cos 3x
4
1
(v) cos3x + cos3(60  x) + cos3(60 + x) = (6cosx  cos3x)
4
3 3 3
(vi) cos A cos3A + sin A sin3A = cos 2A [h. †ev. 03]
(vii) 4cos3x sin3x + 4sin3x cos3x = 3sin4x
b2 – a2
9. (i) sin + sin = a Ges cos + cos = b n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos( + ) = b2 + a2 [BUET: 19-20,
KUET: 11-12, 09-10; mKj †evW©. 18; Kz. †ev. 14; wm. †ev. 16, 11, 01, iv. †ev. 08, 03]
1 1
(ii) sinx + siny = a Ges cosx + cosy = b n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos 2 (x  y) =  2 a2 + b2
1 1
(iii) sinx + siny = a Ges cosx + cosy = b n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, sin 2 (x  y) =  2 4  a2  b2
[BUET. 16-17, Kz. †ev. 19; e. †ev. 17; w`. †ev. 17]
– 4 – a2 – b2
(iv) sin + sin = a Ges cos + cos = b n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tan 2 =  a2 + b2 [Kz. †ev. 11]
1 2c2  (a  b)2
(v) a sinx + b siny = c = a cosx + b cosy n‡j †`LvI †h, cos 2 (x  y) =  4ab
10. (i) tan2 = 1 + 2tan2 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos2 = 1 + 2cos2
sin2
(ii) 2tan = 3tan n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tan (– ) =
5 – cos2
3sin2
(iii) tan = 2tan n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tan (+ ) =
1 + 3cos2
3cos2 – 1
11.  Ges  †KvYØq abvZ¥K my²‡KvY Ges cos2 = n‡j †`LvI †h, tan =  2 tan
3 – cos2
[BUET: 01-02; CUET: 09-10]
12. cÖgvY Ki †h, tan + 2tan2 + 4tan4 + 8cot8 = cot
[BIT: 98-99; P. †ev. 15; wm. †ev. 08; h. †ev. 02]
a–b
13. tan tan = a+b
n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, (a – b cos2)(a – b cos2) = a2 – b2 [BUTEX: 08-09]
hw` cos = 2 x + x nq Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,

1 1
14.
 
(i) cos2 = x2 + 2 (ii) cos3 = x3 + 3 (iii) cos4 = x4 + 4 [RUET: 12-13]
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 x 2 x 2 x
2cos2n + 1
15. cÖgvY Ki †h, (2cos  1) (2cos2  1) (2cos22  1) ....... (2cos2n1  1) =
2cos + 1
7.5.1 DçwYZK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ :
A A A
2  3  4 BZ¨vw` †KvY‡K A †Kv‡Yi Dc-¸wYZK †KvY ejv nq|
¸wYZK †Kv‡Yi Rb¨ cÖwZwôZ m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ Avgiv A †Kv‡Yi Rb¨ wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ‡K A Gi
DçwYZK ‡Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK Abycv‡Z mn‡RB cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvwi|
2tanA
Avgiv Rvwb, sin2A = 2sinA cosA = 1 + tan2A
1  tan2A 2 tanA
cos2A = cos2A  sin2A = 1  2sin2A = 2cos2A  1 = 1 + tan2A , tan2A =
1  tan2A
1 + cos2A = 2cos2A Ges 1  cos2A = 2sin2A
A
2 tan 2
A A A
Dc‡ii m~Î mg~‡n A Gi cwie‡Z© 2 ewm‡q cvB, sinA = 2 sin 2 cos 2 = A
1 + tan2 2
A A
1  tan2 2 2 tan 2
A A A A
cosA = cos2 2  sin2 2 = 1  2 sin2 2 = 2 cos2 2  1 = , tanA =
2A A
1 + tan 1  tan2
2 2
A A
1 + cosA = 2cos2 2 Ges 1  cosA = 2sin2 2
7.5.2 18 Ges 36 †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:

g‡b Kwi,  = 18 Zvn‡j 5 = 90 A_©vr 3 + 2 = 90 ev, 2 = 90  3
 sin2 = sin(90  3) = cos3
ev, 2 sin cos = 4 cos3  3 cos ev, cos (4 cos2  2 sin  3) = 0
wKš‘, cos = cos18  0  4 cos2  2 sin  3 = 0
ev, 4(1  sin2)  2 sin  3 = 0 ev, 4 sin2 + 2 sin  1 = 0
2 4  4.4.(1)  5  1
 sin = 2.4 = 4
wKš‘  = 18 †KvYwU abvZ¥K m~²‡KvY weavq sin  Gi gvb FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv|
51
 sin18 = 4
1 1
Avevi, cos18 = 1  sin218 = 1  16 ( 5  1)2 = 4 10 + 2 5
1 5+1
cos36 = 1  2 sin218 = 1  2. 16 ( 5  1)2 = 4
1 1
sin36 = 1  cos236 = 1  16 ( 5 + 1)2 = 4 10  2 5
we‡kl `ªóe¨: 15, 18, 30, 36 I 45 †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ Rvbv _vK‡j wb¤œwjwLZ †Kv‡Yi
wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ wbY©q Kiv hvq| †hgb: 3 = 18  15, 6 = 36  30, 9 = 45  36,
12 = 30  18, 21 = 36  15 BZ¨vw`|
D`vniYgvjv
1  cos 
D`vniY-1 cÖgvY Ki †h, = tan
2
sin
  
1  cos 2. 2 2sin2 2 sin 2
1  cos 
mgvavb : = = = = tan
sin     2
sin 2. 2 2 sin 2 cos 2 cos 2
1
D`vniY-2 †`LvI †h, 2cos72 = 2+ 2 + 3 [h. †ev. 19; iv. †ev. 03, Kz. †ev. 10, P. †ev. 10]
1 1
mgvavb: 2cos72 = 2.2cos27 2 = 2 (1 + cos15) ; [m~Î : 2cos2A = 1 + cos2A]
= 2 + 2cos15 = 2+ 2.2cos215
= 2+ 2 (1 + cos30) = 2+ 2 + 2cos30
3
= 2+ 2 + 2. = 2+ 2+ 3
2
ab  
D`vniY-3 hw` sin = a + b nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, tan 4  2 = 
b
a
ab 1 a+b
mgvavb: †Ìqv Av‡Q, sin = a + b ev, = [wecixZKiY K‡i]
sin a  b
1  sin (a + b)  (a  b)
ev, = [we‡qvRb-‡hvRb K‡i]
1 + sin (a + b) + (a  b)
    
1  sin 2 . 2 sin2 2 + cos2 2  2 sin 2. cos 2
  a+ba+b 2b
ev, = ev, =
     
1 + sin 2 . 2
a + b + a b 2a
sin2 2 + cos2 2 + 2 sin 2. cos 2
 
 
cos sin
2 2

cos   sin   
2
 
cos 2  sin 2 cos cos
 2 2 b b 2 2 b
ev, 2 = ev, = a ev, =
cos  + sin  a 
cos + sin

cos

sin
 a
 2 2 2 2 2
+
2
 
cos cos
2 2
  
1  tan 2 tan 4  tan 2
 
 tan    = 
b b b
ev, = ev, =
 a   a 4 2 a
1 + tan 2 1 + tan 4. tan 2
 
D`vniY-4 hw` tan 2 = tan3 2 Ges tan = 2 tan nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h,  +  = 2.

2 tan
2
mgvavb: tan = 2 tan ev, 
= 2 tan
1  tan2
2
 
tan 1 + tan2 
2 2 
ev, = tan evgc‡ÿi ni I je‡K 1 + tan2  Øviv ¸Y K‡i

1  tan  1 + tan 
2 2    2 
 2  2
   
tan + tan3 tan + tan
ev,
2 2
= tan ev,
2 2
= tan ;
 tan3  = tan 
    2 2
1  tan4 1  tan tan
2 2 2
   
ev, tan  2 + 2 = tan ev, 2 + 2 =    +  = 2
 
 
(i) 2cos = 2+ 2+ 2 + ...... (n  1) msL¨K (ii) 2sin = 2 2+ 2 + ...... (n  1) msL¨K
2n 2n

D`vniY (a) 2sin 24 = KZ? [RUET: 13-14]

mgvavb: 2sin24 = 2  2 + 2
 
D`vniY (b) 2+ 2+ 2 + 2 = KZ? [RU: 15-16]
 
mgvavb: 2+ 2+ 2 + 2 = 2cos 25 = 2cos 32
Abykxjbx - 7.5
cÖgvY Ki (16):

sin  1 + sin
1 + sin + cos  2 
1. (i) = cot (ii) = cot
1 + sin  cos 2  2
cos  1 + sin
2
 
(iv) cos2 2 1 + tan 2  = 1 + sinA
A A 2
(iii) tan 2 + cot 2 = 2 cosec
 
    
(v) 1 + tan  sec  1 + tan + sec  = sin sec2
 2 2  2 2 2
 x  
(vi) secx + tanx = tan  +  = tan2  + 
1 + sin
(vii)
 4 2  1  sin  4 2
+
2. (i) (cos + cos)2 + (sin  sin)2 = 4cos2 2
–
(ii) (cos – cos)2 + (sin – sin)2 = 4sin2 [h. †ev. 12]
2
  
(i) cos2 2 + cos2 2 + 60 + cos2 2  60 = 2
3
3.
   
  
(ii) sin2 + sin2  + 60 + sin2  – 60 =
3
[h. †ev. 12]
2 2  2  2
 3 5 7 3
4. (i) cos4 8 + cos4 8 + cos4 8 + cos4 8 = 2 [Xv. †ev. 15]
 3 5 7 3
(ii) sin4 + sin4 + sin4 + sin4 =
8 8 8 8 2

5. (i) 2sin 16 = 2 – 2 + 2 [RUET. 13-14; BUTEX. 07-08; P. †ev. 14; wm. †ev. 14, 06;
gv. †ev. 11, 07, 05; h. †ev. 16, 10, 00, Kz. †ev. 02, 04, e. †ev. 10, Xv. †ev. 08, iv. †ev. 14; 12, 05]

(ii) 2cos 16 = 2cos1115 = 2+ 2+ 2
[Kz. †ev. 13, 07, 00, P. †ev. 01, iv. †ev. 05, 12, e. †ev. 10, wm. †ev. 06, gv. †ev. 11, 07, 05, 03]
(iii) 2sin1115 = 2 – 2 + 2
[CUET. 05-06; P. †ev. 16; e. †ev. 14, 12; h. †ev. 14, 10; w`. †ev. 10; Xv. †ev. 08; Kz. †ev. 03, 02]
(iv) E + F = 65, F  E = 25 n‡j †`LvI †h, 2sin  + 4 =  2  2 + 2 [h. †ev. 17]
F
 

(v) 2sin 64 = 2 2+ 2+ 2+ 2
1 1
6. (i) tan7 2 = 6  3 + 2  2 (ii) tan82 2 = 6 + 3 + 2 + 2
A B 1
7. A + B ≠ 0 Ges sinA + sinB = 2sin (A + B) n‡j †`LvI †h, tan 2 tan 2 = 3
 1–e  cos – e
8. (i) tan 2 = 1 + e tan 2 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos = 1 – e cos [BUET: 14-15, 01-02;
h. †ev. 17; Xv. †ev. 15, 14; e. †ev. 15; wm. †ev. 16, 12, iv.†ev. 15, 09, P. †ev. 08, Kz. †ev. 15]
 
tan 2 tan 2
a cos – b
(ii) cos = n‡j †`LvI †h, = [KUET: 13-14]
a – b cos a+b a–b
cos  cos   
(iii) hw` cos = nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, tan 2 Abycv‡Zi GKwU gvb n‡e tan 2 . cot 2 .
1  cos cos
[BIT: 97-98]

9. sec ( + ) + sec ( – ) = 2sec n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos =  2 cos
2
x y k
10. x cos + y sin = k = x cos + y sin n‡j †`LvI †h, = =
1 1 1
cos 2 ( + ) sin 2 ( + ) cos 2 (  )
 1
11. x = sin 18 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, 8x4 + 4x3 – 6x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
7.6 wÎ‡KvYwgwZK A‡f`vewj:


wZbwU †Kv‡Yi mgwó  (ev 180) A_ev 2 (ev 90) n‡j †KvY wZbwUi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK Abycv‡Zi mvnv‡h¨
wewfbœ wÎ‡KvYwgwZK A‡f`vewj MVb Kiv hvq| †hgb: A + B + C =  n‡j, B + C =   A
 sin(B + C) = sin(  A) = sinA Avevi, cos(B + C) = cos(  A) =  cosA
Abyiƒcfv‡e, tan(B + C) =  tanA, sec(B + C) =  secA, cosec(B + C) = cosecA.
A+B+C  1  A B + C = sin  A = cos A
Avevi, =  (B + C) =   sin
2 2 2 2 2  2  2 2  2
Abyiƒcfv‡e, cos  2  = sin 2 , tan  2  = cot 2 BZ¨vw`|

B+C A B+C A
   
D`vniYgvjv
A B C
D`vniY-1 A + B + C =  n‡j †`LvI †h, cosA + cosB + cosC = 1 + 4 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
[wm. †ev. 19, 13; Xv. †ev. 12, 01, Kz. †ev. 06, P. †ev. 06, e. †ev. 12]
mgvavb : cosA + cosB + cosC
A + B + C =  ev, A + B =  – C
A+B A–B
A+B  C  C
ev, 2 = 2 – 2  cos 2 = cos 2 – 2  = sin 2
= 2cos cos + cosC A+B C
2 2
 
C A–B C
= 2 sin 2 cos 2 + 1 – 2sin2 2
C  A–B
– sin  + 1
C
= 2sin cos
2  2 2
C  A–B A + B
= 2 sin cos – cos +1
2  2 2 
= 2sin 2 cos  2 – 2  – cos  2 + 2  + 1

C A B A B
    
C A B A B C
= 2sin 2 .2sin 2 sin 2 + 1 = 1 + 4 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2

D`vniY-2 A + B + C = 2 n‡j †`LvI †h, sin2A + sin2B + sin2C + 2sinAsinBsinC = 1
[h. †ev. 16; Kz. †ev. 14; w`. †ev. 12, Xv. †ev. 01, e. †ev. 01, gv. †ev. 12]
mgvavb : sin2A + sin2B + sin2C
2sin2A + 2sin2B
= + sin2C
2
1 – cos2A + 1 – cos2B
= 2 + sin2C
2 – (cos2A + cos2B)
= 2 + sin2C
2A + 2B 2A – 2B
2 – 2cos 2 .cos 2
= 2 + sin2C 
A+B+C=
2
2{1 – cos (A +B) cos (A – B)}
=
2
+ sin2C 
ev, A + B = 2 – C
= 1 – cos (A + B) cos (A – B) + sin2C 
ev, cos (A + B) = cos 2 – C = sinC
= 1 – sinC.cos(A – B) + sin2C  
= 1 – sinC {cos(A – B) – sinC}
= 1 – sinC {cos (A – B) – cos (A + B)}
= 1 – sinC. 2sinAsinB = 1– 2sinAsinBsinC
 sin2A + sin2B + sin2C + 2sinAsinBsinC = 1
D`vniY-3 A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tanA + tanB + tanC = tanA tanB tanC.
mgvavb : A + B + C = 
 A + B =   C  tan(A + B) = tan(  C)
tanA + tanB
 =  tanC  tanA + tanB =  tanC + tanA tanB tanC
1  tanA tanB
 tanA + tanB + tanC = tanA tanB tanC
Abykxjbx-7.6
1. A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki:
(i) sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4 sinA sinB sinC [RUET. 09-10; h. †ev. 00; iv. †ev. 08, 00]
(ii) sin (B + C – A) + sin(C + A – B) + sin (A + B – C) = 4 sinA sinB sinC [h. †ev. 06, P. †ev. 04]
(iii) sin2A – sin2B + sin2C = 4 cosA sinB cosC [Kz. †ev. 01; iv. †ev. 08, 00]
(iv) cos2A  cos2B + cos2C = 1  4 sinA cosB sinC
A B C
(v) sinA + sinB + sinC = 4 cos 2 . cos 2 . cos 2 [iv. †ev. 02]
A B C
(vi) sinA + sinB  sinC = 4 sin 2 . sin 2 . cos 2 [h. †ev. 08]
A B C
(vii) cosA  cosB + cosC = 4 cos 2 . sin 2 . cos 2  1.
2. A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki:

(i) cos2A + cos2B + cos2C + 2cosAcosBcosC = 1
[iv. †ev. 16, 13; w`. †ev. 09; Xv. †ev. 13, 07; h. †ev. 07; Kz. †ev. 15, 04; P. †ev. 03]
(ii) cos2A + cos2B + 2cosA cosB cosC = sin2C
[w`. †ev. 09, Xv. †ev. 11, 07, ev. †ev. 07, Kz. †ev. 04, P. †ev. 15, 03]
(iii) sin A – sin B + sin C = 2 sinA cosB sinC
2 2 2
[Kz. †ev. 17; iv. †ev. 11, 05; wm. †ev. 07; Xv. †ev. 02; P. †ev. 13, 02]
2 2 2
(iv) cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C = 1 + 2cos2A.cos2B.cos2C
A B C A B C
(v) cos2 2 + cos2 2 + cos2 2 = 2 + 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
A B C A B C
(vi) sin2 2 + sin2 2 + sin2 2 = 1 – 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 [Kz. †ev. 16, 09; P. †ev. 04]
  
3. (i) hw`  +  +  = 0 nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, cos + cos + cos = 4cos 2 cos 2 cos 2  1
[iv. †ev. 19]

(ii) hw`  +  =  nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, cos  + cos  + cos  = 1 + 2 cos.cos.cos
2 2 2
[Xv. †ev. 19]

(iii) hw`  +  +  = 2 nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, cos2 + cos2 + cos2  2cos . cos. cos = 1
[iv. †ev. 17]

(iv) A + B + C = 2 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos2A + cos2B – cos2C = 2cosA cosB sinC
[wm. †ev. 15; w`. †ev. 14; e. †ev. 13; Kz. †ev. 11, h. †ev. 15, 10, P. †ev. 09]

4. (i) A + B + C = 2 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tanB tanC + tanC tanA + tanA tanB = 1
(ii) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tan2A + tan2B + tan2C = tan2A.tan2B.tan2C
B C C A A B
(iii) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tan 2 tan 2 + tan 2 tan 2 + tan 2 tan 2 = 1
(iv) hw` A + B + C = n (n  ) nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, tanA + tanB + tanC = tanA tanB tanC
n
(v) hw` A + B + C = 2 Ges n we‡Rvo msL¨v n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tanAtanB + tanBtanC + tanCtanA = 1
[CUET: 15-16]
(vi) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cotA.cotB + cotB.cotC + cotC.cotA = 1
[KUET. 10-11; RUET. 12-13, 05-06, BUET. 05-06]
cotB + cotC cotC + cotA cotA + cotB
(vii) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, tanB + tanC + tanC + tanA + tanA + tanB = 1
cosA cosB cosC
(viii) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, sinBsinC + sinCsinA + sinAsinB = 2 [P. †ev. 11]
(ix) A + B + C =  Ges cotA + cotB + cotC = 3 n‡j †`LvI †h, A = B = C
[BUTeX: 04-05; e. †ev. 07]
A B C B+C C+A A+B
5. (i) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, sin 2 + sin 2 + sin 2 = 1 + 4sin 4 . sin 4 . sin 4
A B C A B C
(ii) A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, cos + cos + cos = 4cos . cos . cos
2 2 2 4 4 4
   2A   2B   2C
(iii) A + B + C = n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, sinA + sinB + sinC = 1 + 4sin sin sin
2 4 4 4
2x 2y 2z 2x 2y 2z
6. (i) hw` x + y + z = xyz nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, + + = . .
1  x2 1  y2 1  z2 1  x2 1  y2 1  z2
3x  x3 3y  y3 3z  z3 3x  x3 3y  y3 3z  z3
(ii) hw` x + y + z = xyz nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, + + = . .
1  3x2 1  3y2 1  3z2 1  3x2 1  3y2 1  3z2
(x2  1) (y2  1) (y2  1) (z2  1) (z2  1) (x2  1)
(iii) hw` xy + yz + zx = 1 nq Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h, xy + yz + zx =4
7.7 wÎfy‡Ri mvBb m~Î Ges †KvmvBb m~Î (Sine and cosine rule of a triangle):
A
ABC wÎfy‡Ri wZbwU †KvY BAC, ABC, ACB †K h_vµ‡g
A, B, C Ges A, B, C †Kv‡Yi wecixZ evû BC, CA Ges AB †K c b
h_vµ‡g a, b, c Øviv m~wPZ Kiv nq|
cwie„Ë Ges cwie¨vmva©: B a C
†Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri kxl©we›`y wZbwU w`‡q MgbKvix e„Ë‡K wÎfyRwUi cwie„Ë (Circumscribed circle) e‡j|
GB e„‡Ëi †K›`ª‡K cwi‡K›`ª (Circum centre) Ges e¨vmva©‡K cwie¨vmva© (Circum radius) e‡j|
cwie¨vmva©‡K mvaviYZ R Øviv m~wPZ Kiv nq|
a b c
7.7.1 mvBb m~Î: = = = 2R †hLv‡b R cwie¨vmva©|
sinA sinB sinC
[iv. †ev. 12, 08, 06, 04, P.†ev. 14, 12, 09, 05, Kz. †ev. 15, 10, 06, w`. †ev. 13, 10, e. †ev. 14, 10, 08, 04,
Xv. †ev. 13, 09, 07, 05, 03, 01, wm. †ev. 15, 14, 08, h. †ev. 13, 06, gv. †ev. 11, 09, 07, 05]
A
A A
D b
 C
a b
c 2R c c
b
 O 
O  D 2R = a
 B B  C(D)
2R
 O

a C
B
1g wPÎ 2q wPÎ 3q wPÎ

a b c
awi, ABC Gi cwi‡K›`ª O Ges cwie¨vmva© R; cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e, sinA = sinB = sinC = 2R
cÖgvY: wPÎ-1 G ABC m~²‡KvYx wÎfy‡Ri BAC m~²‡KvY| B, O †hvM Kwi Ges ewa©Z Kwi hv e„Ë‡K
D we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| C, D †hvM Kwi| Zvn‡j, BCD = GK mg‡KvY [Aa©e„Ë¯’ †KvY]
GLb, BCD mg‡KvYx wÎfy‡R-
BC a
sin =
BD
ev, sinA = 2R awi, BDC =  wKš‘ BDC = BAC   = A
a
ev, 2R = sinA ......... (i)
wPÎ-2 G ABC ¯’~j‡KvYx wÎfy‡Ri BAC ¯’~j‡KvY| B, O †hvM Kwi Ges ewa©Z Kwi, hv e„Ë‡K D
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i| C, D †hvM Kwi|
Zvn‡j, BCD = GK mg‡KvY| [Aa©e„Ë¯’ †KvY]
GLb, BCD mg‡KvYx wÎfy‡Ri,
BC a
sin = BD ev, sin(  A) = 2R awi, BDC =  wKš‘ BDC + BAC = 
a a
ev, sinA = 2R  2R = sinA ........ (ii) ev,  + A =  ev,  =   A
wPÎ-3 G ABC mg‡KvYx wÎfy‡Ri BAC = GK mg‡KvY| B, O †hvM Kwi Ges D ch©šÍ ewa©Z Kwi hv
BC †iLvi mv‡_ wg‡j hvq|
a a a
A_©vr BD = BC ev, 2R = a ev, 2R = 1 ev, 2R =  2R = sinA ...... (iii) [ A = 90]
sin90
Abyiƒcfv‡e, A, O †hvM K‡i ewa©Z Ki‡j Zv e„‡Ëi cwiwa‡K E we›`y‡Z †Q` Ki‡e|
b c
GLb C, E Ges B, E †hvM K‡i h_vµ‡g †`Lv‡bv hvq †h, 2R = sinB Ges 2R = sinC
a b c
 mKj wÎfy‡Ri †ÿ‡Î: sinA = sinB = sinC = 2R
weKí cÖgvY : A
A A
B D C B C D B C(D)

ABC wÎfy‡Ri kxl© A n‡Z BC A_ev BC evûi ewa©Zvs‡ki Dci AD j¤^ AuvwK|
1g wP‡Î C m~²‡KvY, 2q wP‡Î C ¯’~j‡KvY Ges 3q wP‡Î C mg‡KvY|
ABD G AD = AB sinABD = c sinB
ACD G AD = AC sinACD = b sinC (1g wPÎ) = b sin (180 – C)= b sinC (2q wPÎ)
b c
 b sinC = c sinB ev, sinB = sinC
a c
Abyiƒ‡c B we›`y †_‡K CA Gi Dci j¤^ Gu‡K cÖgvY Kiv hvq †h: sinA = sinC
a b a b c c
3q wP‡Î sinA = c , sinB = c , sinC = sin90 = 1 sinA = sinB = 1 = sinC
a b c
 mKj wÎfy‡Ri †ÿ‡Î: sinA = sinB = sinC
7.7.2 †KvmvBb m~Î : †h‡Kv‡bv wÎfyR ABC G

b2 + c2 – a2
(i) cosA =
2bc
[h. †ev. 14, 11, 08, 01, ev. †ev. 11, 07, w`. †ev. 11,
P. †ev. 13, 10, 01, Xv. †ev. 04, 02, Kz. †ev. 02, iv. †ev. 13, 01, gv. †ev. 12, 10, 06, 04]
c2 + a2 – b2
(ii) cosB =
2ca
[Kz. †ev. 14, 12, w`. †ev. 09]
a + b2 – c2
2
(iii) cosC =
2ab
[w`. †ev. 14; iv. †ev. 11, 05, Kz. †ev. 11, 05, 04
e. †ev. 09, P. †ev. 06, 04, wm. †ev. 03, 02, gv. †ev. 08]
A
cÖgvY : A A
B D C B C D B C(D)
1g wP‡Î, C m~²‡KvY, Zvn‡j AB2 = BC2 + AC2 – 2BC.CD
ACD wÎfy‡R CD = AC cosC = bcosC
 c2 = a2 + b2 – 2abcosC
2q wP‡Î C ¯’~j‡KvY, Zvn‡j AB2 = BC2 + AC2 + 2BC.CD
ACD wÎfy‡R CD = AC cosACD = b cos(180–C) = – b cosC
 c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cosC
3q wP‡Î C mg‡KvY, Zvn‡j AB2 = BC2 + AC2
 c2 = a2 + b2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cosC [ cosC = cos90 = 0]
a 2 + b2 – c 2
myZivs mKj †ÿ‡ÎB c2 = a2 + b2 – 2abcosC  cosC = 2ab
Abyiƒ‡c Aci `yBwU m~ÎI cÖgvY Kiv hvq|
†f±i c×wZ: Abykxjbx-2 Gi D`vniY-14 `ªóe¨|
7.7.3 †h‡Kv‡bv ABC wÎfy‡R
(i) a = b cosC + c cosB [e. †ev. 13; wm. †ev. 05]
(ii) b = c cosA + a cosC [h. †ev. 10, wm. †ev. 09, P. †ev. 07]
(iii) c = a cosB + b cosA [h. †ev. 05, Xv. †ev. 04, iv. †ev. 02]
Aby‡”Q` 7.7.2 Gi 1g wP‡Î, BC = BD + CD = AB cos ABD + AC cos ACD
 a = c cosB + b cosC
2q wP‡Î BC = BD – CD = AB cos ABD – AC cos ACD = c cosB – b cos (180 – C)
 a = c cosB + b cosC
3q wP‡Î BC = AB cos ABC = c cosB + b cosC [ cosC = cos90 = 0]
 mKj †ÿ‡ÎB a = b cosC + c cosB
Abyiƒ‡c Aci `yBwU m~ÎI cÖgvY Kiv hvq|
A A A
7.7.4 sin , cos , tan AbycvZ¸wj‡K wÎfy‡Ri evûi cwigv‡c cÖKvk:
2 2 2
A b2 + c2 – a2 2bc – b2 – c2 + a2
(i) 2sin2 = 1 – cosA = 1 – =
2 2bc 2bc
a – (b – 2bc + c ) a – (b – c)
2 2 2 2 2
(a + b – c) (a – b + c)
= 2bc = 2bc = 2bc
a+b+c
Avevi Aa©cwimxgv, s = 2  2s = a + b + c
 a – b + c = a + b + c – 2b = 2s – 2b = 2(s – b)
a + b – c = a + b + c – 2c = 2s – 2c = 2(s – c)
A 2(s – b).2(s – c) A (s – b) (s – c)
 2sin2 2 = 2bc ev, sin2 2 = bc
A (s – b) (s – c)
 sin =
2 bc
A A
ABC wÎfy‡R A < 180  2 < 90  sin 2 abvZ¥K|
B (s – c) (s – a) C (s – a) (s – b)
Abyiƒ‡c sin 2 = ca
, sin =
2 ab
A b2 + c2 – a2 2bc + b2 + c2 – a2
(ii) 2cos2 2 = 1 + cosA = 1 + 2bc = 2bc
(b + c)2 – a2 (b + c + a) (b + c – a) 2s(2s – 2a)
= = =
2bc 2bc 2bc
A s(s – a) A s(s – a)
 cos2 2 = bc  cos =
2 bc
B s(s – b) C s(s – c)
Abyiƒ‡c, cos 2 = ca
, cos =
2 ab
A (s – b)(s – c)
sin
A 2 bc (s – b) (s – c)
(iii) tan = = =
2 A s(s – a) s(s – a)
cos 2
bc
B (s – c) (s – a) C (s – a) (s – b)
Abyiƒ‡c tan 2 = s(s – b)
, tan =
2 s(s – c)
A (s – b) (s – c) s(s  a) (s  b) (s  c)
we‡kl `ªóe¨: tan 2 = s(s – a) = s2(s  a)2
s(s  a) (s  b) (s  c) 
= =
s(s  a) s(s  a)
B  C 
Abyiƒ‡c, tan 2 = , tan 2 =
s(s  b) s(s  c)
7.7.5 wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj (Area of a triangle)
awi, ABC wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj ; kxl© A n‡Z f~wg BC Gi Dci AD j¤^ AuvwK|
ACD n‡Z, AD = AC sinC = bsinC A
1 1
 = 2 .BC. AD = 2 ab sinC
1 1
Abyiƒ‡c  = 2 bc sinA = 2 ca sinB
B D C
1 1 1
 †ÿÎdj,  = bc sinA = ca sinB = ab sinC
2 2 2
1
= (‡h‡Kv‡bv `yB evûi •`‡N©ï ¸Ydj)  evû `yBwUi AšÍfy©³ †Kv‡Yi mvBb|
2
1 1 A A (s  b) (s  c) s(s  a)
`ªóe¨: †ÿÎdj,  = 2 bc sinA = 2 bc 2sin 2 cos 2 = bc bc
.
bc
= s(s  a) (s  b) (s  c)
7.7.6 wÎfz‡Ri cwie¨vmva© I AšÍe¨vmva© (Radius of circumcircle and incircle of a triangle):

1 1 a abc abc
cwie¨vmva©: †ÿÎdj,  = 2 bc sinA = 2 bc  2R = 4R  cwie¨vmva©, R = A
4
AšÍe¨vmva©: ABC wÎfz‡Ri AšÍte¨vmva© r Ges †K›`ª O n‡j cv‡ki wPÎ n‡Z cvB,
 = ABC = BOC + AOC + AOB
1 1 1 F E
= (BC  OD) + (AC  OE) + (AB  OF)
2 2 2
1 1 1 O
= ar + br + cr [ GLv‡b OD = OE = OF = r]
2 2 2
B D C
1 1 
= r(a + b + c) = r  2s = rs ev,  = rs AšÍe¨vmva©, r =
2 2 s
D`vniYgvjv
b–c B–C A
D`vniY-1 ABC wÎfy‡R cÖgvY Ki : b + c = tan 2 tan 2
[Xv. †ev. 00, 03, iv. †ev. 10, Kz. †ev. 08, 03, 01, e. †ev. 01, wm. †ev. 08, P. †ev. 05]
b–c 2R sinB – 2R sinC sinB – sinC
mgvavb : b + c = 2R sinB + 2R sinC = sinB + sinC
B+C B–C
2cos sin 2
b–c 2 B+C B–C B–C B+C
ev, b + c = B+C B – C = cot 2 tan 2 = tan 2 cot 2
2sin 2 cos 2
b–c B–C
ev, b + c = tan cot 180 – A = tan B – C cot 90 – A  b – c = tan B – C tan A
2  2  2  2 b+c 2 2
A
D`vniY-2 ABC wÎfy‡R cÖgvY Ki : a(cosC – cosB) = 2(b – c) cos2 2
[e. †ev. 15; Xv. †ev. 11, wm. †ev. 12, 10; w`. †ev. 10; iv. †ev. 09; h. †ev. 04]
mgvavb : a(cosC – cosB) = a cosC – a cosB
= (a cosC + c cosA) – (a cosB + b cosA) + bcosA – c cosA
= b – c + (b – c) cosA = (b – c) (1 + cosA)
A A
= (b – c). 2cos2 2  a(cosC – cosB) = 2(b – c) cos2 2
D`vniY-3 (a + b + c) (b + c – a) = 3bc n‡j A †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Ki| [CUET. 13-14;

w`. †ev. 14; iv. †ev. 13, 11, w`. †ev. 11, wm. †ev. 10, Xv. †ev. 16, 08, h. †ev. 08, P. †ev. 02]
mgvavb : (a + b + c) (b + c – a) = 3bc ev, b2 + c2 – a2 = bc
ev, (b + c + a) (b + c – a) = 3bc b2 + c 2 – a 2 bc
ev, 2bc = 2bc
ev, (b + c) – a = 3bc
2 2
ev, b2 + 2bc + c2 – a2 = 3bc 1

ev, cosA = = cos60  A = 60
2
D`vniY-4 ABC wÎfy‡R c = 3.8 †mwg, a = 5.2 †mwg Ges A = 35 n‡j B ‡Kv‡Yi gvb KZ?
a c c.sinA 3.8 sin35
mgvavb : ABC wÎfy‡R sinA = sinC ev, sinC = =  C = 24.8
a 5.2
 B = 180 – (24.8 + 35) = 120.2
A B C
D`vniY-5 hw` †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri evû¸wj mgvšÍi cÖMgb fz³ nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, cot 2 , cot 2 , cot 2
I mgvšÍi cÖMgYfz³|
mgvavb: †h‡nZz wÎfz‡Ri evû wZbwU a, b, c mgvšÍi cÖMgbfz³|
ab=bc
ev, (s  b)  (s  a) = (s  c)  (s  b)
ev, s(s  b)  s(s  a) = s(s  c)  s(s  b) [Dfq c‡ÿ s Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
s(s  b) s(s  a) s(s  c) s(s  b)
ev,  =  [Dfq c‡ÿ  Øviv fvM K‡i]
   
A s(s  a)
ev, cot 2  cot 2 = cot 2  cot 2  cot 2 =
B A C B

  
A B B C A B C
ev, cot 2  cot 2 = cot 2  cot 2  cot 2 , cot 2 , cot 2 mgvšÍi cÖMgbfz³|
D`vniY-6 cÖvPxi w`‡q †Niv GKwU wÎfyRvKvi Rwgi †ÿÎdj 1200 eM©wgUvi, ÿz`ªvK…wZi `yB cv‡ki cÖvPx‡ii
•`N©¨ h_vµ‡g 60 wgUvi Ges 80 wgUvi n‡j G‡ì gaëZx© †KvY KZ? m¤ú~Y© cÖvPx‡ii •`N©¨ wbY©q Ki|
B
mgvavb : ABC RwgwUi a = 60, b = 80,  = 1200
1 1 60
  = 2 ab sinC m~Îvbyhvqx, 1200 = 2  60  80 sinC
1
ev, sinC = 2 = sin30 = sin(180 – 30) = sin150  C = 150 C
e„nËg
‡KvY
a2 + b 2 – c2 (60)2 + (80)2 – c2
Avevi, cosC = 2ab
ev, cos150 =
26080
80
ev, – 8318.8 = 3600 + 6400 – c ev, c = 18318.8  c = 135.3
2 2
‣`N©¨ = a + b + c = 60 + 80 + 135.3 = 275.3 †mwg

A
D`vniY-7 p = sin2, q = sin2, r = cos2, s = cos2, t = sin2.
K) ABC Gi wZbwU evûi •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g a, b, c ‡hLv‡b a2 + b2  c2 = 2 ab.
C †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Ki| [Kz. †ev. 17]
d c
2 2
L) hw` p + q = c, r + s = d nq Z‡e †`LvI †h, cos (2 + 2) = d2 + c2 . [mKj †evW©. 18]
M) hw`  +  +  =  nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, p2 + q2 + t2 = 2  2cos2 cos2 cos2. [mKj †evW©. 18]
a 2 + b2  c 2
K ABC Gi wZbwU evûi ‣`N¨© a, b, c n‡j, cosC =
mgvavb: K) 2ab
2ab
ev, cosC = 2ab [  a2 + b2  c2 = 2ab ]
1
ev, cosC = ev, cosC = cos45  C = 45
2
L ‡Ìqv Av‡Q, p + q = c  sin2 + sin2 = c

L)
2 + 2 2  2
 2 sin 2 cos 2 = c  2 sin( + ) cos (  ) = c ......... (i)
Avevi, r + s = d  cos2 + cos2 = d
2 + 2 2  2
 2 cos 2 cos 2 = d  2 cos ( + ) cos (  ) = d ...... (ii)
2 cos( + ) cos(  ) d cos( + ) d cos2( + ) d2
(ii)  (i)  =c =c  = 2 [eM© K‡i]
2 sin( + ) cos(  ) sin( + ) sin2( + ) c
cos2( + )  sin2( + ) d2  c2
 = 2 2 [we‡qvRb-‡hvRb K‡i]
cos2( + ) + sin2( + ) d + c
cos2( + ) d2  c2 d2  c2
 1 = 2
d +c 2  cos(2 + 2) =
d2 + c2
M evgcÿ = p2 + q2 + t2 = sin22 + sin22 + sin22
M)
1 1 1 1
= 2 .2 sin22 + 2 .2 sin22 + sin22 = 2 (1  cos4) + 2 (1  cos4) + sin22
1 1 1 1 1
=  cos4 +  cos4 + sin22 = 1  (cos4 + cos4) + sin22
2 2 2 2 2
4  4
= 1  2  2 cos  2  cos  2  + sin22
1 4 + 4
   
= 1  cos(2 + 2) cos(2  2) + sin22
[  +  +  =    +  =     2 + 2 = 2  2  2 = 2  (2 + 2)]
= 1  cos(2  2) cos(2  2) + sin22
= 1  cos2 cos(2  2) + 1  cos22
= 2  cos2[cos(2  2) + cos2]
= 2  cos2[cos(2  2) + cos{2  (2 + 2)}]
= 2  cos2[cos(2  2) + cos(2 + 2)]
= 2  cos2  2cos2 cos2 = 2  2cos2 cos2 cos2 = Wvbcÿ
Abykxjbx-7.7
ABC wÎfy‡R cÖgvY Ki (13):
1. (i) a(sinB  sinC) + b(sinC  sinA) + c(sinA  sinB) = 0
(ii) (b  c) sinA + (c  a) sinB + (a  b) sinC = 0
(iii) (b2  c2) sin2A + (c2  a2) sin2B + (a2  b2) sin2C = 0
(iv) a2 (sin2B – sin2C) + b2(sin2C – sin2A) + c2(sin2A – sin2B) = 0
[RUET. 06-07; P. †ev. 04, 00, h. †ev. 04]
(v) a2 (cos2B – cos2C) + b2(cos2C – cos2A) + c2(cos2A – cos2B) = 0
[iv. †ev. 07, 02, iv. †ev. 02; h. †ev. 12, 07]
a–b A–B C
2. (i) a + b = tan 2 tan 2 [h. †ev. 09, 02, h. †ev. 03, 01, wm. †ev. 02]
b–c A B–C
(ii) a cos 2 = sin 2 [P. †ev. 19; Xv. †ev. 06, iv. †ev. 04, Kz. †ev. 13, 07, 04; w`. †ev. 09]
b+c A B–C
(iii) a sin 2 = cos 2 [P. †ev. 13; h. †ev. 13; Xv. †ev. 12,02, h. †ev. 10, e. †ev. 03, gv. †ev. 12]
B–C
(iv) A = 60 n‡j †`LvI †h, b + c = 2a cos
2
[Kz. †ev. 11, Xv. †ev. 10, wm. †ev. 10, 01, iv. †ev. 09, e. †ev. 14, 09]
(v) a sin  2 + B = (b + c) sin 2 [RUET. 07-08, P. †ev. 11, wm. †ev. 11, Xv. †ev. 10, Kz. †ev. 03, h. †ev. 16]
A A
(vi) a sin  2 + C = (b + c) sin 2

A A
[Xv. †ev. 19]
3. (i) a sin(B – C) + b sin(C – A) + c sin(A – B) = 0 [gv. †ev. 03]
A B–C B C–A C A–B
(ii) a sin 2 sin 2 + b sin 2 sin 2 + c sin 2 sin 2 = 0 [iv. †ev. 03]
a2sin(B – C) b2sin(C–A) c2sin(A–B)
(iii) sinA + sinB + sinC =0
a2sin(B  C) b2sin(C  A) c2sin(A  B)

(iv) + + =0
sinB + sinC sinC + sinA sinA + sinB
4. (i) ABC wÎfy‡R cosA = sinB – cosC n‡j †`LvI †h, wÎfyRwU mg‡KvYx| [KUET. 13-14, 05-06;
BUET. 05-06, RUET. 08-09; mKj †evW©. 18; w`. †ev. 15; h. †ev. 17, 14; iv. †ev. 12, 08, e. †ev. 12,
wm. †ev. 19, 17, P. †ev. 12, 08, e. †ev. 12, 10, Xv. †ev. 13, 07, Kz. †ev. 13, 02; gv. †ev. 09, 05]
1 1 1
(ii) secA = cosecC  secB n‡j ABC Gi †Kvb †KvYwU mg‡KvY Zv wbY©q Ki| [P. †ev. 17]
(iii) hw` ABC wÎfy‡R A = 75, B = 45 nq, Z‡e †`LvI †h, b : c = 2 : 3 [e. †ev. 07]
(iv) ABC wÎfz‡R a = 2b Ges A = 3B n‡j wÎfzRwUi †KvY¸wj wbY©q Ki|
[BUET. 03-04; Kz. †ev. 19, 09; w`. †ev. 13]
(v) ABC wÎfz‡R a = 3 b Ges A = 2B n‡j wÎfzRwUi †KvY¸wj wbY©q Ki|
[e. †ev. 17]
5. (i) ABC wÎfy‡R cÖgvY Ki †h, (b + c) cosA + (c + a) cosB + (a + b) cosC = a + b + c
[iv. †ev. 14; wm. †ev. 07, 03; e. †ev. 05]
A
(ii) ABC wÎfy‡R cÖgvY Ki †h, a (cosB + cosC) = 2(b + c) sin2 2
[e. †ev. 13; Xv. †ev. 08, P. †ev. 13, 09, 06; e. †ev. 04; h. †ev. 00; wm. †ev. 14, 03]
1 1 3
6. (i) ABC wÎfy‡R a + c + b + c = a + b + c n‡j †`LvI †h, C = 60 [Xv. †ev. 12, 05,
wm. †ev. 12, 08, 04, P. †ev. 16, 13, 11, e. †ev. 11, Kz. †ev. 14, 07, iv. †ev. 16, 06, gv. †ev. 12, 10]
1 1 3
(ii) ABC Gi C = 60 n‡j †`LvI †h, a + c + b + c = a + b + c
(iii) hw` PQR Gi wZbwU evûi •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g p, q, r Ges p2 + q2  r2 = 2 pq nq Z‡e R †Kv‡Yi
gvb wbY©q Ki| [Kz. †ev. 17]
4 4 4 2 2 2
(iv) ABC wÎfy‡R a + b + c = 2c (a + b ) n‡j †`LvI †h, C = 45 A_ev 135
[w`. †ev. 12, Xv. †ev. 14, 11, 06, h. †ev. 11, 06, 01, iv. †ev. 14, 10, 04, Kz. †ev. 08, 06, 05,
e. †ev. 08, P. †ev. 15, 14, 03, wm. †ev. 02, gv. †ev. 12, 11]
(v) †`LvI †h, ABC wÎfy‡Ri evûi •`N©¨ 3, 5, 7 n‡j, wÎfyRwU GKwU ¯’~j‡KvYx wÎfyR| ¯’~j †KvYwUi gvb
wbY©q Ki| [w`. †ev. 12; Kz. †ev. 10; P. †ev. 10; gv. †ev. 08, 04]
(vi) ABC wÎfy‡Ri evn¸‡jvi •`N©¨ 3, 5, 6 n‡j ÿz`ªZg †KvY wbY©q Ki|
(vii) ABC wÎfy‡Ri evn¸‡jvi •`N©¨ 9.3, 6.2, 12.7 n‡j e„nËg †KvY wbY©q Ki|
(viii) †`LvI †h, †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri evû x2 + x + 1, 2x + 1 Ges x2  1 n‡j m‡e©v”P †KvYwUi gvb 120
[CUET. 03-04]
(ix) ABC wÎfy‡Ri evû¸‡jvi •`‡N©ï AbycvZ 2 : 3 : 4 n‡j e„nËg †KvY wbY©q Ki|
ABC wÎfy‡Ri †ÿ‡Î (7 15):
7. (i) a = 24, A = 110, C = 22 n‡j c Gi gvb KZ?
(ii) a = 3 , B = 45, A = 60 n‡j b Ges c Gi gvb KZ?
8. (i) a = 3.8, c = 5.2, C = 35 n‡j B †Kv‡Yi gvb KZ?
(ii) AB = x, BC = 4 – x, A = 45, C = 30 n‡j †`LvI †h, x = 4 ( 2 – 1)
9. (i) b = 6.5, a = 8.7, C = 100 n‡j c Gi gvb KZ?
(ii) a = 2x + 3, b = x2 + 3x + 3, c = x2 + 2x n‡j B †Kv‡Yi gvb KZ?
(iii) c = x, a = x + 2, b = 5, B = 60 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ?
10. (i) wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki †hLv‡b a = 13, b = 14, c = 15
[wm. †ev. 19; Xv. †ev. 09, h. †ev. 07, ev. †ev. 02]
y z z x x y
(ii) wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki †hLv‡b a = + , b = + , c = + [Xv. †ev. 14; wm. †ev. 07]
z x x y y z
(iii) ABC wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji •`‡N©ï AbycvZ 3 : 4 : 5 Ges wÎfyRwUi †ÿÎdj 24 eM© †m.wg. n‡j
evû¸wji •`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| [BIT. 00-01]
(iv) †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri evûÎ‡qi •`N©¨ 24, 22, 14 GKK n‡j wÎfzRwUi †ÿÎdj, cwie¨vmva© R Ges
AšÍe¨vmva© r wbY©q Ki|
11. (i) wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki †hLv‡b b = 7.8, c = 8.6, A = 45
(ii) wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki †hLv‡b a = 2.5, c = 3.5, B = 100
(iii) ABC Gi B = 30, C = 45 I a = 3 + 1 †m.wg. n‡j †`LvI †h, ABC Gi †ÿÎdj
1
2
( 3 + 1) eM© †m.wg.| [CUET. 11-12]
12. (i) ABC-G a = 2, b = 3 + 1 Ges C = 60 n‡j wÎfyRwUi mgvavb Ki| [BUET: 02-03]
(ii) ABC G a = 3 + 1, b = 3  1 Ges C = 60 n‡j wÎfyRwU mgvavb Ki|
[BUTeX: 19-20, BUET: 96-97, h. †ev. 19; Xv. †ev. 15]
s
13. (i) cÖgvY Ki †h, sinA + sinB + sinC = R [e. †ev. 05, gv. †ev. 00]
(ii) cÖgvY Ki †h, b2 sin2C + c2 sin2B = 4
1 1 1 6
(iii) cÖgvY Ki †h, sinA + sinB + sinC = [BUET: 95-96]
a b c abc
A B C
(iv) cÖgvY Ki †h, bc cos2 2 + ca cos2 2 + ab cos2 2 = s2 [BUET: 00-01; RUET. 03-04]
A B C
(v) cÖgvY Ki †h, (b – c) cot 2 + (c – a) cot 2 + (a – b) cot 2 = 0 [gv. †ev. 01]
(vi) cÖgvY Ki †h, 4(cotA + cotB + cotC) = a2 + b2 + c2
a2  b2 sinA sinB
(vii) cÖgvY Ki †h, 2 . =
sin(A  B)
C C
14. (i) cÖgvY Ki †h, c2 = (a – b)2 cos2 + (a + b)2 sin2 [Kz. †ev. 09]
2 2
b2  c2 c2  a2 a2  b2
(ii) cÖgvY Ki †h, sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 0
a2 b2 c2
(iii) cÖgvY Ki †h, a3cos(B  C) + b3cos(C  A) + c3cos(A  B) = 3abc
(iv) a2, b2, c2 mgvšÍi cÖMgb fz³ n‡j, cÖgvY Ki †h, cotA, cotB, cotC mgvšÍi cÖMgbfz³|
15. (i) hw` †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri †h‡Kv‡bv `yBwU †Kv‡Yi †KvmvBb Zv‡ì wecixZ evûi mv‡_ e¨¯Í‡f‡` Awš^Z nq
Z‡e †`LvI †h, wÎfzRwU mgwØevû A_ev mg‡KvYx| [BUET: 15-16]
(ii) hw` †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri †h‡Kv‡bv `yBwU †Kv‡Yi †KvmvBb Zv‡ì wecixZ evûi mv‡_ e¨¯Í‡f‡` Awš^Z nq
Ges e„nËg †KvY ÿz`ªZg †Kv‡Yi wØ¸Y nq Z‡e wÎfz‡Ri e„nËg †KvYwU wbY©q Ki|
DËigvjv
4. (ii) A †KvY (iv) A = 90, B = 30, C = 60 (v) 60, 30, 90 6. (iii) 45 (v) 120 (vi) 29.9
(vii) 108.4 (ix) 104.48 7. (i) 9.57 (ii) 1.41, 1.93 8. (i) 120 9. (i) 11.7 (ii) 120 (iii) 3.69
x y z 77 10 8 10
10. (i) 84 (ii) y + z + x (iii) 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm (iv) 48 10 eM© GKK, 20 GKK, 5 GKK
11. (i) 23.7 (ii) 4.31 12(i). A = 45, B = 75, C = 60, a = 2, b = 3 + 1, c = 6
12(ii). A = 105, B = 15, C = 60, a = 3 + 1 , b = 3  1, c = 6 15. (ii) 90
m„Rbkxj Abykxjb
B
1. `„k¨Kí-I:
2
c
2

120  80
C b A
`„k¨Kí-II: p = tan tan2 tan [Xv. †ev. 17]

K) sin25 + cos25 Gi gvb KZ?
L) `„k¨Kí-I n‡Z b Ges c Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
M) `„k¨Kí-II: n‡Z †`LvI †h, p = 3
 
2. `„k¨Kí-1: XYZ G cosX = sinY  cosZ `„k¨Kí-2: 1 + n tan 2 = 1  n tan 2 [h. †ev. 17]
K) cÖgvY Ki †h, tan75 = 2 + 3
L) `„k¨Kí-1 Gi Av‡jv‡K †`LvI †h, wÎfzRwU mg‡KvYx|
cos  n
M) `„k¨Kí-2 Gi Av‡jv‡K †`LvI †h, cos =
A
1  n cos
3.
S Q
B P C
ABC Gi cwie¨vmva© R [wm. †ev. 17]

K) A + B = 105 n‡j sinC wbY©q Ki|
L) ABC Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖgvY Ki †h, a2 + b2 + c2 = 8R2 (1 + cosA cosB cosC)
1 3 1
M) PQS Gi †ÿ‡Î: PQ + PS = PS + PQ + QS  PS + QS n‡j Q wbY©q Ki|
4.
`„k¨Kí-1: R `„k¨Kí-2: A
4cm
F 8cm B
4cm
E C
P Q
4cm 4cm
K) sin(A  B + C) †K we¯Í…Z Ki| [P. †ev. 17]

1 1 1
L) sec A = cosec C  sec B n‡j `„k¨Kí-2 Gi †Kvb †KvYwU mg‡KvY Zv wbY©q Ki|
M) `„k¨Kí-1 G PEF GKwU e„ËKjv n‡j, EQRF GjvKvi †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki|
2
5. A= ,  +  +  =  Ges cos = cos cos [Kz. †ev. 17]
15
1  tan2p
K) cÖgvY Ki †h, cos 2p = 1 + tan2p .
L) DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K cÖgvY Ki †h, 16 cos A. cos 2A. cos 4A. cos 7A = 1.
M) DÏxcK †_‡K †`LvI †h, tan  = tan  + tan .
6. `„k¨Kí-1: sinx + siny = a Ges cosx + cosy = b `yBwU wÎ‡KvYwgwZK mgxKiY|
`„k¨Kí-2: ABC Gi A + B + C =  [Kz. †ev. 17]
K) hw` PQR Gi wZbwU evûi •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g p, q, r Ges p + q  r = 2 pq nq Z‡e R †Kv‡Yi gvb
2 2 2
wbY©q Ki|
L) `„k¨Kí-1 Gi Av‡jv‡K cos(x + y) Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
M) `„k¨Kí-2 n‡Z cÖgvY Ki †h, sin2A  sin2B + sin2C = 2 sinA cosB sinC.
7. f(x) = sinx Ges g(x) = cosx. [w`. †ev. 17]
3 2  cot2
K) cos = n‡j, Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
13 2 + cot2
xy
L) f(x) + f(y) = p Ges g(x) + g(y) = q n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, f  2  =  2 4  p2  q2 .
1

M)  2  x   eëwa‡Z f(2x) Gi †jLwPÎ AsKb K‡i Gi GKwU •ewkó¨ wjL|
8. `„k¨Kí-1: ABC G cosA + cosB = sinC
`„k¨Kí-2: 2 cosA  cosB = cos3B Ges 2 sinA + sin3B = sinB [mKj †evW©. 18]
K) cÖgvY Ki †h, tan70 = tan20 + 2 tan50.
L) `„k¨Kí-1 n‡Z †`LvI †h, wÎfzRwU mg‡KvYx|
M) `„k¨Kí-2 n‡Z cÖgvY Ki †h, cosec(A  B) =  3.
9.
`„k¨Kí-1: B `„k¨Kí-2:
sin C + sin D = p
4 cos C + cos D = q [e. †ev. 17]
O 4 2
b a cos + b sin
K) tan = a n‡j Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
a cos  b sin
L) `„k¨Kí 1 Gi Av‡jv‡K Qvqv‡Niv As‡ki †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki|
CD 1
2 =2 4p q
2 2
M) `„k¨Kí 2 Gi Av‡jv‡K cÖgvY Ki †h, sin
  
10. p = tanA.tanB, q = tanC.tanD, r = 4 sin sin cos  1. [iv. †ev. 19]
2 2 2
K) cos75 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| (K¨vjKz‡jUvi e¨wZZ)
L) A = 20, B = 2A, C = 3A, D = 4A n‡j, †`LvI †h, pq = 3.
M)  +  +  = 0 n‡j, cÖgvY Ki †h, cos + cos  cos = r + 2.
11. P
Q R
 5 8 9
K) cÖgvY Ki †h, sin2 7 + sin2 14 + sin2 7 + sin2 14 = 2
L) cÖgvY Ki †h, sin2P + sin2Q  sin2R = 2 sinP sinQ cosR
M) cotP + cotQ + cotR = 3 n‡j †`LvI †h, wÎfzRwU mgevû|
12. B
[P. †ev. 19]
a
c
C b A
3
K) cÖgvY Ki: sin7819' cos1819'  sin1141' sin1819' = 2 .
L) a = b2 + bc + c2 n‡j wÎfzRwUi m~²‡KvYØ‡qi mgwó wbY©q Ki|
ab AB C
M) wÎfzRwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖgvY Ki †h, c cosec 2 = sec 2 .
13. A = sinX + cosX Ges B = sinY + cosY †hLv‡b X  Y [e. †ev. 19, w`. †ev. 19]
M = cosec20, N = sec20
1
K)  = cos1 3 , n‡j cos3 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|

L) A = B n‡j, †`LvI †h, X + Y = 2
M) cÖgvY Ki †h, M + 3N = 4tan50
 2 4 9
14. S = tanP cotQ cotR, Y = sec
17
sec
17
Ges X = cos 17 cos 17
5 120
K) tanA = 12 n‡j †`LvI †h, sin 2A = 169
L) P = 20, Q = 50, R = 10 n‡j †`LvI †h, S = 3
Y
M) cÖgvY Ki †h, 16X =  1
15. ABC Gi A + B = 65, B  A = 25
K) sin15 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
B+ B
L) tan 2 tan 2 †K mij Ki|
M) tanA tan2A tan3A tan4A Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
16. L
5
18
2
3

N M K
1
K) tanA = n‡j, cos2A = KZ?
3
L) †`LvI †h, cosecK  3 secK = 4
3
M) cÖgvY Ki †h, sin2( + ) + sin2 + sin2(  ) = 2
A
17.
x 5
60
B x+2 C
3+1
K) †`LvI †h, sin75 =
2 2
L) C †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Ki|
11 3
M) x = 2 n‡j †`LvI †h, wÎfyRwUi cwimxgv †ÿÎd‡ji gv‡bi 6
¸Y|
18. A
3
B C
K) †`LvI †h, sin50  sin70 + sin10 = 0

A B C A B C
L) †`LvI †h, cos2 2 + cos2 2 + cos2 2 = 2 + 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
M) C = 60 n‡j wÎfyRwUi †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki|
19. A
 
B 3 +1 cm C
6 2
K) †`LvI †h, sin15 = 4
cosA cosB cosC
L) cÖgvY Ki †h, sinB sinC + sinC sinA + sinA sinB = 2
1
M)  = 30,  = 45 n‡j †`LvI †h, wÎfyRwUi †ÿÎdj = 2 ( 3 + 1) cm2
A
20.
 [Xv. †ev. 19]
 
B
C
5x 2
K) †`LvI †h, sec 2 = .
2 + 2 + 2cos10x
L) DÏxc‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h, AC sin  2 + C = (AB + BC) sin 2 .

B B
 
M) DÏxc‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h, cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 1 + 2cos cos cos.
21. f(x) = sinx
K) †`LvI †h, sin50  sin10 = 3 sin20
x y
L) x + y  0 Ges f(x) + f(y) = 2f(x + y) n‡j †`LvI †h, 3 tan 2 tan 2 = 1
 
M) x Gi †h m~ÿè‡KvY gv‡bi Rb¨ f 2  x . f x  6 e„nËg nq Zv wbY©q Ki|
   
22. f(x) = cosx Ges  +  +  = 
sin  cos
K) †`LvI †h, =1
1  sin2
   
L) †`LvI †h, f()  f() + f() = 4f  2  f 2  2  f 2  1
     

M) cÖgvY Ki †h, cos3A . f(3A) + sin3A . f 2  3A = cos3 2A
 
23. A Y
D
X' O X
B
Y'
wP‡Î, AD = 5, OA = 13, ABO = 60 Ges AOX = 

1 + cos 
K) †`LvI †h, = cot
2
sin
tan  sec()
L) ADO = 90 n‡j, Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
cot + cosec()
M) BD = 4 †m.wg. n‡j AOB wÎfyRwU mgvavb Ki|
24. A
[h. †ev. 19]
c b= 31
60
B C
a= 3+1
K) cos3032' cos2928'  sin14928' sin2928' Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|

C 1
L) †`LvI †h, cos 8 = 2 2+ 2+ 3.
M) wÎfzRwU mgvavb Ki|
DËigvjv
3+1
1. K) 2 cos20 (L) 3.76, 5.06 3. K) (M) 60
2 2
4. K) sinA cosB cosC  cosA sinB cosC + cosA cosB sinC + sinA sinB sinC (L) A †KvY
b2  a2 1 a2 + b2
(M) 19.335 cm2 6. K) 45 (L) b2 + a2 7. K) 9. K) (L) 4.56 eM© GKK
17 a2  b2
6 2 23 6 2 2 cos   1 1
10. K) 12. L) 60 13. K)  27 15. K) L) M) 3 16. K) 2
4 4 2 cos  + 1
 2
17. L) 3938'46'' 18. M) 10.39 eM© GKK 21. M) 3 23. L)  15
M) OA = 13, OB = 14.9, AB = 9, AOB = 36.84, ABO = 60, OAB = 83.16

1
24. K) 2 M) A = 105, B = 15, C = 60, a = 3 + 1 , b = 3  1 , c = 6
•be©¨w³K cÖkœ
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ:
1. cosec( 660) Gi gvb †KvbwU? [e. †ev. 17]
2 3 2 3
K)  L)  2 M) N) 2
3 3
5
2. cot =  Ges sin abvZ¥K n‡j sec Gi gvb KZ?
2 6
7 5 7 5
K)  5 L)  7 M) 5 N) 7
13 
3. cosec = 5 Ges 2 <  <  n‡j tan Gi gvb [mKj †evW©. 18]
12 5 12 13
K)  13 L)  12 M) 13 N) 12
4. cos = x n‡j cos2 Gi gvb †KvbwU?
K) 2x 1  x2 L) 2x2  1 M) 1  2x2 N) 2x2 + 1
5. sin5 = p n‡j sin10 Gi gvb †KvbwU? [iv. †ev. 19; Xv. †ev. 17]
K) 2p L) 2p p2  1 M) 2 1  p2 N) 2p 1  p2
6. cos15 Gi gvb †KvbwU? [JU: 18-19, Xv. †ev. 19]
1 1
K) 2 2  3 L) 2 2 + 3 M) 2  3 N) 2 + 3
1 
7. cos 7 2 = ? [Xv. †ev. 17]
 
1 1
K) 2+ 2+ 3 L) 2 2+ 2+ 3 M) 2 2 2+ 3 N) 2 2+ 3
8. 2sin215 Gi gvb [e. †ev. 17]
2 3 2+ 3 3+1 31
K) 2 L) 2 M) 2 N) 2

9. A + B + C = 2 n‡j, sec (B + C) = ‡KvbwU? [h. †ev. 17]
K) sec A L)  sec A M)  cosec A N) cosec A
10. ABC G a = 6, b = 3 3 Ges A = 90 n‡j B = ?
   
K) 12 L) 6 M) 3 N) 2
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ:
11. cos2 Gi gvb
1 + tan2 1  tan2
(i) 1  2 sin2 (ii) (iii)
sec2 sec2
Dc‡ii evK¨¸wji g‡a¨ †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) ii I iii M) i I iii N) i, ii I iii
3 12
12. sinA = 5 Ges cosB = 13 n‡j,
16 63 7
(i) sin(A  B) = 65 (ii) cos(A + B) = 65 (iii) tanA + tanB = 6

13. A + B + C = 2 n‡j
(i) sin(A + B) = cosC (ii) tan(B + C) = cotA
(iii) cos(A + C) =  cosB
14. ABC wÎfz‡R BC = 3, CA = 4 Ges AB = 5 n‡j [e. †ev. 17]

(i) C = (ii) ABC Gi cwimxgv 24
2
(iii) ABC Gi †ÿÎdj = 6 eM© GKK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
15. †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri wZbwU evûi •`N©¨ 6, 8 Ges 10 GKK n‡j
(i) wÎfyRwU mg‡KvYx (ii) wÎfyRwUi †ÿÎdj 24 eM© GKK
(iii) wÎfyRwUi cwimxgv 12 GKK
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ:
wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 16 I 17 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
A

B C [P. †ev. 19]
16. 2AB = BC = x n‡j sin = ?
1 1
K) sin L) 2 sin M) 2 sin N) 4 sin
17. AB = 3, BC = 4 n‡j, cos + cos = ?
7 5 8 5
K) 5 L) 7 M) 5 N) 8
wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 18 I 19 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
C
[iv. †ev. 17]

2
45 75
A B
18. sin(B + C) Gi gvb KZ?

1 1
K)  L) M)  2 N) 2
2 2
19. AB = KZ †mwg?
1 2 4
K) L) M) N) 3
3 3 3
DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
C
b
a
120
30
A c B
[Kz. †ev. 17]
c+a
20.
b
Gi gvb †KvbwU?
1 2 3
K) 2 L) 2 M) N)  2
3
21. b = 3 GKK n‡j ABC Gi †ÿÎdj KZ eM© GKK?
3 3 3 3 3 9
K) 4 L) 2 M) 4 N) 2
DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 22 I 23 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
A
90
[wm. †ev. 17]
B C
22. wP‡Î B = 30 n‡j BC : CA : AB = KZ?

K) 1 : 2 : 3 L) 2 : 1 : 3 M) 3 : 1 : 2 N) 1 : 3 : 2
23. sinB = x n‡j sinC Gi gvb KZ?
1
K) x L) x M) x2  1 N) 1  x2
wb‡Pi Z‡_ï Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
C
5 4
A 7 B
sinB
24. sinC Gi gvb KZ?
5 7 7 4
K) 7 L) 5 M) 4 N) 7
25. secA Gi gvb †KvbwU?
5 7 28 35
K) 7 L) 9 M) 45 N) 29
wewfbœ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi fwZ© cixÿvi eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ:
26. cosec Gi c~Y©iƒc †KvbwU? [BUTEX. 12-13]
K) cosec L) secant M) cosecant N) conversed cosec
27. sin150 Gi gvb †KvbwU? [NSTU: 17-18, MBSTU: 12-13, PUST: 12-13, JU: 16-17]
1 1 1 1
K) 2 L) 2 M) N) 
2 2
28. cos675 + sin( 1395) mgvb [DU: 03-04]
1 1
K) 2 L) M)  2 N) 2
2
29. cos198 + sin432 + tan168 + tan12 Gi gvb KZ? [DU. 0910]
1
K) 0 L) 1 M) 1 N) 2
30. sin(780) cos(390)  sin(330) cos(300) Gi gvb [DU: 05-06, 02-03; JNU: 08-09, 05-06]
1
K) 0 L) 1 M) 1 N) 2
31. cos ( + 150) Gi gvb [DU. 16-17]

1 1
K) sin L)  2 (cos + 3 sin) M)  cos N) 2 (cos + 3 sin)
3
32.  (sin2 i + cos2 i) = ? [JU: 09-10]
i=1
K) 1 L) 3 M) 6 N) †KvbwUB bv
33. sin2 10 + sin2 20 + ................. + sin2 80 + sin2 90 Gi gvb [CoU: 19-20, DU: 04-05]
K) 5 L) 6 M) 4 N) 3
34. cos2 30 + cos2 60 + ............... + cos2 180 Gi gvb [BSMRSTU: 14-15, DU: 06-07]
K) 0 L) 2 M) 3 N) 4
12
35(i) cos = 13 n‡j tan Gi gvb KZ? [IU: 19-20, JUST: 18-19, DU: 0910]
13 5 13 25
K)  12 L)  12 M) 12 N) 144
13
35(ii) sec = 12 n‡j cot Gi gvb †KvbwU? [BUTEX. 12-13]
5 12 5 12
K) 12 L) 5 M)  12 N)  5
36(i) hLb n GKwU abvZ¥K c~Y©msL¨v ZLb cosn Gi gvb [SUST: 05-06; JNU: 11-12]
K) 1 L) 1 M) (1)n N) 0
36(ii) n GKwU c~Y©msL¨v n‡j cos{(2n + 1) + /3} Gi gvb [SUST: 06-07]
1
K)  2 L) 0 M) 1 N) †KvbwUB bq
 
36(iii) hw` n GKwU c~Y© msL¨v nq Z‡e sinn + (–1)n 4 Gi gvb †KvbwU? [PUST. 14-15]
 
3 1 1
K) 2 L) M) 1 N) 2
2
37. hw` 9 =  nq, Z‡e cos cos2 cos4 Gi gvb [DU: 16-17]
1 1
K) 9 L) 8 M) 8 N) 9
38. 3sec4 + 8 = 10 sec2 n‡j tan Gi gvb KZ? [BUET. 1213]

1 1 1
K)  L)  1 M)  ,1 N)  ,1
3 2 3
39. f() = cos  sin n‡j  Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ f() = 0? [JU: 17-18, JNU: 15-16; RU: 08-09]
K) /2 L) /4 M)  N) /6
40. cos75 Gi mwVK gvb [JU: 18-19, DU: 07-08; CU: 14-15; CU: 08-09]
3+1 3  3 31
K) L) M) N)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
41. tan( 15) Gi gvb KZ? [JU: 18-19, MBSTU: 12-13, DU: 98-99, 00-01; JNU: 10-11; C.U: 07-08]
1
K)  L) 5 M) 3  2 N) 2  3
2 3
42. cos6820' cos820' + cos8140' cos2140' Gi gvb †KvbwU? [IU. 16-17]
1 1 3
K) 1 L) 2 M) N) 2
2
43. sin(A  30) + sin(150 + A) Gi gvb [DU: 16-17]
1
K)  2 cos A L) 0 M) cos A N) sin A
44. sin65 + cos65 mgvb [RU: 15-16, 12-13;

DU: 14-15, 02-03; BSMRSTU: 11-12, HSTU: 11-12, JU: 09-10; KU: 06-07]
3 1 3
K) 2 cos 40 L) 2 sin 20 M) 2 cos 20 N) 2 sin 40
sin 75 + sin 15
45. mgvb [JU: 18-19, RU: 15-16, 12-13; DU: 11-12, 05-06; JNU: 10-11]
sin 75  sin 15
1 1
K) 3 L) 2 M) N)
2 3
46. sin50  sin70 + sin10 = ? [JU: 09-10; RU: 08-09, 06-07]
1
K) 1 L) 2 sin 10 M) 0 N)
2
1 + tan25
47. Gi gvb KZ? [RU. 17-18]
1  tan25
K) tan 50 L) tan 70 M) cot 50 N) cot 70
48. tan75  tan30  tan75 tan30 mgvb KZ? [JNU: 16-17, DU: 03-04]
K) 1 L) 1 M) 3 N) 0
49. tan20 + tan25 + tan20 tan25 Gi gvb KZ? [RU. 16-17, PUST: 15-16, HSTU: 12-13]
1 1 3
K) 1 L) 2 M) N) 2
2

50. P + Q = 4 n‡j, (1 + tanP) (1 + tanQ) = ? [JU. 17-18]
K) 2 L) 1 M) 2 N) 3
51. tanA + tanB + tanC = tanA tanB tanC n‡j (A + B + C) Gi gvb †KvbwU? [KUET. 05-06]

K) 0 L) 2 M)  N) 2
52. cot + cot = a, tan + tan = b Ges  +  =  n‡j cot Gi gvb †KvbwU?
[RU: 14-15, KUET: 10-11, 12-13]
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
K) a + b L) a  b M) b  a N)  a  b
1  tan 
53. g() = n‡j, g4   Gi gvb †KvbwU? [MBSTU: 11-12, KUET. 08-09]
1 + tan  
K) sin L) cos M) sec N) tan
54. sinA + cosA = sinB + cosB n‡j, A + B = ? [JU: 18-19, JKNU: 19-20, DU: 15-16; 13-14, RU: 12-13]
 
K)  L) 2 M) 2 N) 4

55. A+ B =
2
n‡j, cos2A  cos2B Gi gvb †KvbwU? [DU. 17-18, KUET. 11-12]
K) sin (A  B) L) sin (B  A) M) cos (B  A) N)  cos (B  A)

1  tan (45  A)
2
56. = KZ? [CU: 14-15, 12-13, 11-12]
1 + tan2 (45  A)
K) sinA L) sin2A M) sin3A N) sin4A
4 12
57. hw` sinA = 5 , cosB = 13 Ges A I B Dfq †KvYB GKB PZz©fv‡M Aew¯’Z nq Z‡e sin2A Gi gvb
KZ? [JU: 15-16]
24 24 8
K)  25 L) 25 M)  5 N) †KvbwUB bq
 1
58. 0    2 Ges sin = 2 n‡j cos2 Gi cÖK…Z gvb KZ? [JU: 15-16]
3 1 1 3
K)  2 L)  2 M) 2 N) 2
y
59. tan  = x n‡j x cos2 + y sin2 Gi gvb KZ? [JU: 19-20, 15-16; RU: 17-18, 09-10, 08-09]
K) x L) y M) 1 /x N) 1/y
1 + cos2
60. =? [RU. 17-18, 16-17]
sin2
K) tan L) cot M) sec N) cosec
1  cos2 + sin2
61. =? [IU: 15-16; JU: 14-15; RU: 07-08, 05-06; CU: 02-03]
1 + cos2 + sin2
K) sec L) sin M) tan N) cot
62. cos (60 + A) + cos (60  A) Gi gvb
2 2
[DU: 18-19]
1 1
K) 1  2 cos2A L) 1 + sin2A M) 1 + 3 cos2A N) 1 + 2 cos2A
2 tan
63. =? [CU: 12-13; RU: 12-13; DU: 01-02, 98-99; NU: 02-03]
1 + tan2

K) tan2 L) 2 sin cos M) 2 cos22 N) cos2
12
64. cos = 13 n‡j tan2 mgvb KZ? [JU. 16-17]
8 25 144 120
K)  12 L)  144 M)  169 N)  119
65. wb‡Pi †Kvb ivwkgvjvwU sin 3A †K sin A ev cos A Gi eûc`xiƒ‡c cÖKvk K‡i? [DU: 03-04, 01-02]
K) 3 cosA  4 cos3A L) 3 sinA  4 sin3A
M) 4 cos3A  3 cosA N) 4 sin3A  3 sinA
1
66. sin = n‡j, sin3 = ‡KvbwU? [JU. 17-18]
3
5 3 5 5 3
K) 9 L) 5 M) N) 9
3
67. bx‡Pi †KvbwU cosA ev sinA Gi eûc`x iƒ‡c cos3A †K cÖKvk K‡i?
[NSTU: 12-13, DU: 02-03, 00-01; CU: 02-03]
K) 4 cos A  3 cosA
3
L) 4 sin3A  3 sinA
M) 3 cosA  4 cos3A N) 3 sinA  4 sin3A
68. cos3x Gi m~Î [IU. 17-18]
4cosx + cos3x cosx + 3cos3x cosx + cos3x 3cosx + cos3x
K) 3 L) 4 M) 3 N) 4

69. sin 24 Gi gvb †KvbwU? [RUET. 13-14]
 
1 1 1 1
K) 2 2  2 L) 2 2 + 2 M) 2 2 2+ 2 N) 2 2+ 2+ 2
 
70. 8 sin4 2  8 sin2 2 + 1 Gi gvb †KvbwU? [KUET. 08-09]
K) 2 sin2 L) 2 cos2 M) sin2 N) cos2

1
71. tan = x n‡j, sin2 = ‡KvbwU? [JU. 17-18]
2x 1  x2 1 + x2 2x
K) L) 1 + x2 M) N) 1 + x2
1  x2 1  x2
 3
72. hw` tan 2 = 4 nq, Z‡e cos Gi gvb KZ? [JU: 18-19, DU. 16-17]
9 7 24 25
K) 16 L) 25 M) 25 N) 7
73. ABC GKwU mg‡KvYx wÎfyR n‡j, cos2 A + cos2 B + cos2 C Gi gvb †KvbwU?
[DU: 15-16; RU: 17-18; BU: 14-15]
1
K) 2 L) 1 M) 0 N) 1

74. A + B + C = Ges sinB. sinC =  sinA n‡j, cotA + cotB + cotC Gi gvb †KvbwU? [KUET. 11-12]
2
K) 1 L) 0 M) 1 N) 2
75. A + B + C =  n‡j cotB cotC + cotC cotA + cotA cotB Gi gvb †KvbwU? [RUET. 12-13, MBSTU: 11-12]
 
K) 4 L) 2 M) 0 N) 1
A B C
76. A + B + C =  n‡j sin2 2 + sin2 2 + sin2 2 Gi gvb [DU. 10-11]
A B C A B C
K) 1  2sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 L) 1 + 2sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
A B C A B C
M) 1  sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 N) 1 + sin 2 sin 2 sin 2
77. ABC wÎfy‡Ri cosA + cosC = sinB n‡j A Gi gvb †KvbwU?

[PUST: 15-16, JUST: 14-15, DU. 14-15, 04-05]
   
K) 4 L) 3 M) 2 N) 6
78. GKwU wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wj h_vµ‡g 5, 12 Ges 13 cm n‡j wÎfyRwU n‡e [RUET. 10-11]
K) ¯’~j‡KvYx L) m~²‡KvYx M) mg‡KvYx N) meKwU
1 2
79. GKwU wÎfz‡Ri A, B Ges C ‡Kv‡Yi wecixZ evû¸‡jvi •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g a, b, c Ges sinA = 3 , sinB = 5
Ges a = 3 n‡j, b = KZ? [CU. 17-18]

5 17 18 21
K) 18 L) 5 M) 5 N) 5
80. ABC wÎfy‡R a : b : c = 3 : 7 : 5 n‡j B †Kv‡Yi gvb KZ? [JKNU: 19-20, DU: 15-16JUST: 11-12]
K) 30 L) 60 M) 90 N) 120
81(i) (a + b + c) (b + c  a) = 3bc n‡j, A †Kv‡Yi gvb KZ? [BUET: 10-11]
K) 30 L) 0 M) 60 N) 45
81(ii) hw` ABC wÎfz‡Ri evûØq BC = a, CA = b, AB = c nq Ges (b + c  a) (a + b + c) = ( 3 + 2) bc
nq, Z‡e A Gi gvb KZ? [CUET: 12-13]
K) 60 L) 45 M) 30 N) †Kv‡bvwUB bq
81(iii) (a + b + c) (b + c  a) = 3bc n‡j, sinA Gi gvb KZ? [CUET: 13-14]
1 1 3
K) 2 L) M) 2 N) †KvbwUB bq
2
1 1 3
81(iv) ABC wÎfy‡R a + c + b + c = a + b + c n‡j C ‡Kv‡Yi gvb KZ? [KUET: 07-08]
K) 30 L) 45 M) 60 N) 90

82(i) †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wj 13, 14 Ges 15 GKK n‡j wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj n‡e [BUET. 0607]
K) 64 eM© GKK L) 80 eM© GKK M) 84 eM© GKK N) 88 eM© GKK
82(ii) ABC wÎfz‡R a = 5, b = 6, c = 7 n‡j, wÎfzRwUi †ÿÎdj †KvbwU? [BSMRSTU. 14-15,
JU. 17-18, 10-11; RU. 14-15, 12-13; CU. 03-04; KU. 11-12; IsU. 11-12]
K) 3 6 L) 5 6 M) 6 6 N) 12 6
83. ABC G b = 7.8, c = 8.6, A = 45 n‡j, wÎfzyRwUi †ÿÎdj †KvbwU? [JU. 17-18]
K) 23 L) 23.7 M) 27 N) 27.3
84. ABC wÎfz‡Ri wZbwU evû a, b, c Ges cwie„‡Ëi e¨vmva© R n‡j [IU. 17-18]
4R R R abc
K)  = abc L)  = 4abc M)  = abc N)  = 4R
85. GKwU wÎfz‡Ri evûi •`N©¨ 9, 40 I 41 n‡j wÎfyRwUi cwie„‡Ëi e¨vmva© wb‡Pi †KvbwU? [IU. 16-17]
K) 20.5 L) 21 M) 21.5 N) 22.5
86. wÎfz‡Ri Aa© cwimxgv s Ges AšÍtevmva© r n‡j [IU. 17-18]
K)  = r + s L)  = r  s M)  = rs N)  = s/r
87. GKK e¨vmv‡a©i e„‡Ë AšÍwj©wLZ GKwU mgevû wÎfy‡Ri evûi •`N©¨ KZ? [DU. 1314]
3 3
K) 2 GKK L) 2 GKK M) 3 GKK N) 1 GKK
88. GKwU wÎfz‡Ri †KvY¸‡jvi AbycvZ 1 : 2 : 3 n‡j, evû¸‡jvi AbycvZ n‡”Q [RU. 17-18]
K) 2 : 3 : 1 L) 2 : 3 : 1 M) 3 : 2 : 1 N) 1 : 3 : 2
DËi: 1. (M) 2. (K) 3. (L) 4. (L) 5. (N) 6. (L) 7. (L) 8. (K) 9. (N) 10. (M) 11. (M) 12. (M) 13. (K) 14. (L)
15. (K) 16. (L) 17. (K) 18. (L) 19. (N) 20. (M) 21. (K) 22. (L) 23. (N) 24. (K) 25. (N) 26. (M)
27. (L) 28. (N) 29. (K) 30. (M) 31. (L) 32. (L) 33. (K) 34. (M) 35(i). (L) 35(ii). (N) 36(i). (M)
36(ii). (K) 36(iii). (L) 37. (L) 38. (N) 39. (L) 40. (N) 41. (M) 42. (L) 43. (L) 44. (M) 45. (K) 46. (M)
47. (L) 48. (L) 49. (K) 50. (M) 51. (M) 52. (M) 53. (N) 54. (M) 55. (L) 56. (L) 57. (L) 58. (M)
59. (K) 60. (L) 61. (M) 62. (K) 63. (L) 64. (N) 65. (L) 66. (N) 67. (K) 68. (N) 69. (M) 70. (N)
71. (N) 72. (L) 73. (L) 74. (L) 75. (N) 76. (K) 77. (M) 78. (M) 79. (M) 80. (N) 81(i). (M) 81(ii). (M)
81(iii). (M) 81(iv). (M) 82(i). (M) 82(ii). (M) 83. (L) 84. (N) 85. (K) 86. (M) 87. (M) 88. (N)
(a) wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji •`‡N©ï gva¨‡g †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q
cixÿY bs-(a): ZvwiL : ......................

cixÿ‡Yi bvg : †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g 9, 10 I 11 †m.wg. n‡j, H wÎfy‡Ri e„nËg I
ÿz`ªZg †KvY wbY©q|
ZË¡: ABC wÎfy‡Ri evû wZbwU a, b, c Ges wecixZ †KvY¸wj h_vµ‡g A, B, C n‡j
b2 + c2  a2 c2 + a2  b2 a 2 + b2  c 2
cosA = 2bc , cosB = 2ca , cosC = 2ab .
e„nËg evûi wecixZ †KvY e„nËg Ges ÿz`ªZg evûi wecixZ †KvY ÿz`ªZg|
cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY: miækxl hy³ †cwÝj, †¯‥j, ivevi, kvc©bvi, Puv`v, MÖvd †ccvi, mv‡qw›UwdK
K¨vjKz‡jUi BZ¨vw`| C
Kvh©c×wZ: [e„nËg †KvY wbY©q]
(i) a = 9 †m.wg. b = 10 †m.wg. Ges c = 11 †m.wg.
b = 10 a=9
AZGe c evûi wecixZ †KvY C e„nËg|
(ii) cÖvß m~‡Î a, b, c Gi gvb ewm‡q cosC-Gi gvb †ei Kwi|
(iii) Scientific calculator (fx- 570 MS) eënvi K‡i A c = 11 B
cosC-Gi gvb n‡Z C †Kv‡Yi cwigvY wbY©q Kwi|

dj msKjb:
a b c e„nËgevû e„nËg a2 + b2  c2 C = cos1 (.333)
cosC =
2ab
†KvY
9 †m.wg. 10 11 11 C cosC = 0.333 703256.53
†m.wg. †m.wg. †m.wg.
K¨vjKz‡jU‡ii eënvi: AC SHIFT cos 0.333 = 70.54903522      = 703256.53

Kvh©c×wZ: [ÿz`ªZg †KvY wbY©q]
(i) a = 9 †m.wg., b = 10 †m.wg. Ges c = 11 †m.wg., AZGe, a evûi wecixZ †KvY A ÿz`ªZg|
(ii) m~‡Î a, b, c Gi gvb ewm‡q cosA-Gi gvb †ei Kwi|
(iii) Scientific calculator (fx-570 MS) Øviv cosA-Gi gvb n‡Z A †Kv‡Yi cwigvY wbY©q Kwi|
dj msKjb:
a b c ÿz`ªZg ÿz`ªZg b2 + c2  a2 A = cos1 .6363636
cosA =
2bc
evû †KvY
9 10 11 9 †m.wg. A cosA = .6363636 502843.69
†m.wg. †m.wg. †m.wg.
K¨vjKz‡jU‡ii eënvi: AC SHIFT cos .636363636 = 50.47880365      = 502843.69

djvdj: e„nËg †KvY = 703256.53
Ges ÿz`ªZg †KvY = 502843.69
(b) wÎfy‡Ri †KvY¸wji cwigvc n‡Z evû¸wji •`‡N©ï AbycvZ wbY©q
cixÿY bs-(b): ZvwiL : ......................

cixÿ‡Yi bvg : †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri †KvY¸wji AbycvZ 1 : 2 : 3 n‡j H wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji AbycvZ wbY©q|
ZË¡: ABC-Gi A, B, C kxl© we›`yi wecixZ evû¸wj h_vµ‡g a, b, c n‡j, wÎfy‡Ri mvBb m~Î n‡Z
a b c
cvB, sinA = sinB = sinC .
cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY:
(i) miækxl hy³ †cwÝj (ii) †¯‥j
(iii) ivevi (iv) kvc©bvi
(v) Puv`v (vi) MÖvd †ccvi
(vii) mv‡qw›UwdK K¨vjKz‡jUi BZ¨vw`|
Kvh©c×wZ:
(i) ABC-Gi A, B, C †Kv‡Yi mgwó 180| ZvB Zv‡ì AbycvZ eënvi K‡i A, B, C Gi cwigvY
wbY©q Kwi|
(ii) Scientific calculator (fx-570 MS) eënvi K‡i sinA, sinB I sinC Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi|
(iii) Dc‡iv³ m~‡Î sinA, sinB, sinC Gi gvb ewm‡q a, b, c Gi AbycvZ wbY©q Kwi|
wnmve: awi, †Kvb¸wj, A = x, B = 2x, c = 3x
 A + B + C = 180 B
 x + 2x + 3x = 180 c
a
 6x = 180
 x = 30 A
b C
 A = 30, B = 60, C = 90
dj msKjb:
sinA sinB sinC a:b:c
sin30 sin60 sin90
.5 0.866 1.00 500 : 866 : 1000
500 866 1000
djvdj: wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji AbycvZ 500 : 866 : 1000
(c) wÎfy‡Ri `yBwU †Kv‡Yi gvb Ges GKwU evûi •`‡N©ï gva¨‡g Aci evû¸wji •`N©¨ wbY©q
cixÿY bs-(c): ZvwiL : ......................

cixÿ‡Yi bvg : †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri `yBwU †KvY 60, 70 Ges GKwU evûi •`N©¨ 5 †m.wg. n‡j, H wÎfy‡Ri
Aci `yBwU evûi •`N©¨ wbY©q|
ZË¡: ABC-Gi A, B, C kxl© we›`yi wecixZ evû¸wj h_vµ‡g a, b, c n‡j, wÎfy‡Ri mvBb m~Î n‡Z
a b c
cvB, sinA = sinB = sinC .
K¨vjKz‡jUi BZ¨vw`|
Kvh© c×wZ:
(i) ABC-Gi A, B, C †Kv‡Yi mgwó 180 eënvi K‡i C †Kv‡Yi cwigvY wbY©q Kwi|
(ii) Scientific calculator (fx- 570 MS) eënvi K‡i sinA, sinB, sinC Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi|
(iii) Dc‡iv³ m~‡Î sinA, sinB, sinC Gi gvb ewm‡q Aci `yB evûi cwigvY wbY©q Kwi|
wnmve:
awi, ABC-Gi A = 60
B = 70
 C = 180  (A + B) = 50
Ges a = 5 †m.wg. C
sinA = sin 60 = 0.866025404
sinB = sin70 = 0.93969262 a=5
sinC = sin50 = 0.766044443
a b 60 70
GLb, sinA = sinB
A B
a sinB 5  0.93969362
b= =
sinA 0.866025403
= 5.42532365
a c
Avevi, sinA = sinC
a sinC 5  0.766044443
 c = sinA = 0.866025403
= 4.422759653
djvdj: wÎfy‡Ri Aci evû `ywUi •`N©¨ h_vµ‡g, b = 5.4 †m.wg. (cÖvq)
c = 4.4 †m.wg. (cÖvq)
(d) wÎfy‡Ri `yB evûi •`N©¨ Ges GKwU †Kv‡Yi gv‡bi gva¨‡g Aci †KvYØq I evûi •`N©¨ wbY©q
cixÿY bs-(d): ZvwiL : ......................

cixÿ‡Yi bvg : †Kv‡bv wÎfy‡Ri `yBwU evûi •`N©¨ 15 †m.wg. I 10 †m.wg. Ges Zv‡ì AšÍfy©³ †KvY 60
n‡j, H wÎfy‡Ri Aci `yBwU †KvY I Z…Zxq evû wbY©q|
ZË¡: ABC wÎfy‡Ri evû wZbwU a, b, c Ges wecixZ †KvY¸wj h_vµ‡g A, B, C n‡j
b2 + c2  a2 c2 + a2  b2 a 2 + b2  c 2 a b c
cosA = 2bc , cosB = 2ca , cosC = 2ab Ges sinA = sinB = sinC
K¨vjKz‡jUi BZ¨vw`|
Kvh© c×wZ:
(i) c2 = a2 + b2  2abcosC m~Î eënvi K‡i c evûi •`N©¨ wbY©q Kwi|
(ii) Scientific calculator (fx- 570 MS) Gi mvnv‡h¨ A
A I B †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Kwi|

(iii) cosine Rule cÖ‡qvM K‡i c-Gi gvb †ei Kwi| b = 10
(iv) cosine Rule cÖ‡qvM K‡i cosA I cosB Gi gvb †ei Kwi|
60
wnmve: awi, a = 15 †m.wg. b = 10 †m.wg. Ges C = 60
B a = 15 C
dj msKjb:
c evûi •`N©¨ wbY©q:
a b C c2 = a2 + b2  2ab cosC c Gi •`N©¨
15 10 †m.wg. 60 c = (15) + (10)  2.15.10 cos 60 = 175
2 2 2
13.23 †m.wg.
†m.wg.  c = 175 = 13.228756 (cÖvq)
A I B †KvY wbY©q:
b2 + c2  a2 (10)2 + (13.23)2  (15)2 100 + 175.0329  225
cosA = = = = 0.189088813
2bc 2  10  13.23 264.6
c2 + a2  b2 (13.23)2 + (15)2  (10)2 300.0329
Avevi, cosB = = = = 0.755940971
2ca 2  13.23  15 396.9
a b c b2 + c2  a2 c2 + a2  b2
cosA = cosB =
2bc 2ca
15 10 13.23 cosA = .189088813 cosB = 0.755940791
†m.wg. †m.wg. †m.wg.  A = cos1 (.189088813) B = cos1 (.755940791)
= 79.10038683 = 40.89235795
= 7961.39 = 405332.49
djvdj: c evûi •`N©¨ 13.23 †m.wg. (cÖvq)
Ges Aci †KvYØq A = 7961.39, B = 405332.49

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284 mshy³ †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF ASSOCIATED ANGLES

(ix) cos225 + cos235 + cos245 + cos255 + cos265

 sin(A+B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB

 cos(A+B) = cosAcosB – sinAsinB

7.2.3 m~Î : A Ges B abvZ¥K m~²‡KvY Ges A > B n‡j

 tan 4  tanB  1 + tanB + 1  tanB

[KUET. 03-04; BIT. 01-02; wm. †ev. 02]

7.3 †hŠwMK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ m¤úwK©Z Abywm×všÍ:

Shortcut Technique only for MCQ

7.4.1 ¸wYZK †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:

(vii) sin3A = sin(2A + A) = sin2A cosA + cos2A.sinA

cot3A  cotA  2cotA

D`vniY-4 cos5 †K cos Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki:

hw` cos = 2 x + x nq Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,

7.5.2 18 Ges 36 †Kv‡Yi wÎ‡KvYwgwZK AbycvZ:

7.6 wÎ‡KvYwgwZK A‡f`vewj:

Abyiƒcfv‡e, cos  2  = sin 2 , tan  2  = cot 2 BZ¨vw`|

= 2sin 2 cos  2 – 2  – cos  2 + 2  + 1

2. A + B + C =  n‡j cÖgvY Ki:

[iv. †ev. 19]

[Xv. †ev. 19]

1g wPÎ 2q wPÎ 3q wPÎ

1g wPÎ 2q wPÎ 3q wPÎ

7.7.2 †KvmvBb m~Î : †h‡Kv‡bv wÎfyR ABC G

7.7.5 wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj (Area of a triangle)

7.7.6 wÎfz‡Ri cwie¨vmva© I AšÍe¨vmva© (Radius of circumcircle and incircle of a triangle):

D`vniY-3 (a + b + c) (b + c – a) = 3bc n‡j A †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q Ki| [CUET. 13-14;

ev, b2 + 2bc + c2 – a2 = 3bc 1

‣`N©¨ = a + b + c = 60 + 80 + 135.3 = 275.3 †mwg

L ‡`Iqv Av‡Q, p + q = c  sin2 + sin2 = c

(vi) a sin  2 + C = (b + c) sin 2

a2sin(B  C) b2sin(C  A) c2sin(A  B)

`„k¨Kí-II: p = tan tan2 tan [Xv. †ev. 17]

ABC Gi cwie¨vmva© R [wm. †ev. 17]

K) sin(A  B + C) †K we¯Í…Z Ki| [P. †ev. 17]

K) †`LvI †h, sin50  sin70 + sin10 = 0

L) DÏxc‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h, AC sin  2 + C = (AB + BC) sin 2 .

wP‡Î, AD = 5, OA = 13, ABO = 60 Ges AOX = 

K) cos3032' cos2928'  sin14928' sin2928' Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|

M) wÎfzRwU mgvavb Ki|

M) OA = 13, OB = 14.9, AB = 9, AOB = 36.84, ABO = 60, OAB = 83.16

[iv. †ev. 17]

18. sin(B + C) Gi gvb KZ?

22. wP‡Î B = 30 n‡j BC : CA : AB = KZ?

31. cos ( + 150) Gi gvb [DU. 16-17]

38. 3sec4 + 8 = 10 sec2 n‡j tan Gi gvb KZ? [BUET. 1213]

44. sin65 + cos65 mgvb [RU: 15-16, 12-13;

K) sin (A  B) L) sin (B  A) M) cos (B  A) N)  cos (B  A)

K) 2 sin2 L) 2 cos2 M) sin2 N) cos2

77. ABC wÎfy‡Ri cosA + cosC = sinB n‡j A Gi gvb †KvbwU?

Ges a = 3 n‡j, b = KZ? [CU. 17-18]

K) 30 L) 45 M) 60 N) 90

(a) wÎfy‡Ri evû¸wji •`‡N©¨i gva¨‡g †Kv‡Yi gvb wbY©q

cixÿY bs-(a): ZvwiL : ......................

cosC-Gi gvb n‡Z C †Kv‡Yi cwigvY wbY©q Kwi|

K¨vjKz‡jU‡ii e¨envi: AC SHIFT cos 0.333 = 70.54903522      = 703256.53

K¨vjKz‡jU‡ii e¨envi: AC SHIFT cos .636363636 = 50.47880365      = 502843.69

(b) wÎfy‡Ri †KvY¸wji cwigvc n‡Z evû¸wji •`‡N©¨i AbycvZ wbY©q