1

POST GRADUATE GOVERNMENT COLLEGE FOR GIRLS

SECTOR – 42, CHANDIGARH
(SESSION 2024-25)

PRACTICAL FILE OF PHP PROGRAMMING

(BCA-16-506)
Lab Based On BCA-16-504

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MRS. SARBJIT KAUR TISHITA MATHUR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ROLL NO -221546/22
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER BCA (5TH SEM)
APPLICATION
 2

INDEX
S.NO. TOPIC PAGE.NO.
1. Write a program to print a message. 6-7
2. Write a program to add two numbers. 6-7
3. Write a program to find average of five 8-9
numbers.
4. Write a program to find simple interest. 8-9
5. Write a program to find an area of triangle. 10-11
6. Write a program to find the area of 10-11
rectangle.
7. Write a program to find area of circle. 12-13
8. Write a program to display a static 12-13
variable.
9. Write a program for swapping without 14-15
using third variable.
10. Write a program for swapping of numbers. 16-17
11. Write a program to display local variable. 18-19
12. Write a program to access the global 18-19
variable inside the function.
13. Write a program to display global variable. 20-21
14. Write a program of constant. 22-23
 CASE-SENSITIVE CONSTANT.
15. Write a program of constant 22-23
 CASE-INSENSITIVE CONSTANT.
16. Write a program of arithmetic operator. 24-25
17. Write a program of increment and 26-27
decrement operator.
18. Write a program of comparison operator. 28-29
19. Write a program of assignment operator. 30-31
20. Write a program of logical operator. 32-33
21. Write a program of conditional operator. 34-35
22. Write a program of if statement. 34-35
23. Write a program of if-else statement. 36-37
24. Write a program of if-elseif-else statement. 38-39
 3

25. Write a program of switch statement. 40-41

26. Write a program to print a table using for 42-43
loop (Table Format is 2*1=2).
27. Write a program to print sum of even 42-43
numbers upto 10 using while loop.
28. Write a program to print first 10 numbers 44-45
using do-while loop.
29. Write a program of for each loop. 44-45
30. Write a program of nested for loop. 46-47
31. Write a program to print factorial number 46-47
of 5.
32. Write a program to check whether a given 48-49
number is even or odd.
33. Write a program in php to check whether a 50-51
number is Armstrong or not.
34. Write a program of Fibonacci sequence. 52-53
35. Write a program to print star triangle. 54-55
36. Write a program to print reverse star 56-57
triangle.
37. Write a program for include () function. 56-57
38. Write a program for require () function. 58-59
39. Write a program to create and invoke user 58-59
defined function.
40. Write a program of function with 60-61
arguments and returning values.
41. Write a program to setting default values 60-61
for function arguments.
42. Write a program of dynamic function call. 62-63
43. Write a program of call by value. 62-63
44. Write a program of call by reference. 64-65
45. Write a program of recursion. 64-65
46. Write a program of numeric array. 66-67
47. Write a program of associative array. 68-69
48. Write a program of multidimensional array. 70-71
49. Write a program to access the elements of 72-73
an array using simple method and loops.
50. Write a program of array functions. 74-75
 4

51. Write a program of creating and accessing 76-77

string.
 SINGLE QUOTED.
 DOUBLE QUOTED.
52. Write a program of interpolation with curly 78-79
braces.
53. Write a program of characters and string 78-79
indexes.
54. Write a program of string operators. 80-81
 CONCATENATION OPERATOR(.)
 CONCATENATING ASSIGNMENT
OPERATOR (. = )
55. Write a program of string functions. 82-83
56. Write a program of Heredoc. 84-85
57. Write a program of text input. 84-85
58. Write a program of multi-line text input 86-87
control.
59. Write a program of checkbox. 86-87
60. Write a program of radio button. 88-89
61. Write a program of drop-down list. 88-89
62. Write a program to create a button. 90-91
63. Write a program of super global variables. 92-95
 $GLOBALS []
 $_SERVER []
 $_REQUEST []
64. Write a program of HTML form and PHP 96-97
(Admission Form).
65. Write a program of connecting to database 98-99
(MYSQL).
66. Write a program to close a database 100-101
connection with (MYSQL).
67. Write a program of creating a database. 102-103
68. Write a program of creating a database 104-105
table.
69. Write a program of inserting records into 106-107
database table.
70. Write a program of selecting records from 108-109
database table.
 5

71. Write a program of deleting records from 110-111

database table.
72. Write a program of setting / creating 112-113
cookies with php.
73. Write a program of accessing cookies with 114-115
php.
74. Write a program of deleting a cookie. 116-117
75. Write a program of creating session cookie. 116-117
76. Write a program of registering session 118-119
variable.
77. Write a program of working with session 120-121
variable.
78. Write a program of SID constant. 122-123
79. Write a program of encoding and decoding 124-125
session variable.
 6

Output:

Output:
 7

1. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT A MESSAGE.

PROGRAM:
<?php

echo "<font size=50><center><font color=indigo>

Hello World! <br>

Welcome to php";

?>

2. WRITE A PROGRAM TO ADD TWO NUMBERS.

PROGRAM:
<?php
$num1 = 10;
$num2 = 20;

$sum = $num1 + $num2;

echo "<font color=red><center><font size=50>
Addition of two numbers is: <br>";

echo "<font size=20>".$num1." + ".$num2." = ".$sum;

?>
 8

Output:

Output:
 9

3. WRITE A PROGRAM TO FIND AVERAGE OF FIVE

NUMBERS.
PROGRAM:
<?php
$a=50;
$b=60;
$c=70;
$d=50;

$e=65;
$f=$a+$b+$c+$d+$e;
echo "<font color=orange><center><font size=50>
Sum of five numbers is: ".$f."\n";
$e=$f/5;

echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=50>

Average of five numbers is: ".$e."\n";
?>

4. WRITE A PROGRAM TO FIND SIMPLE INTEREST.

PROGRAM:
<?php
$principal = 1820;
$rate = 6;

$time = 8;
$interest = ($principal * $rate * $time) / 100;
echo "<font color=orange><center><font size=50>
Simple Interest: $interest";
?>
 10

Output:

Output:
 11

5. WRITE A PROGRAM TO FIND AN AREA OF

TRIANGLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
// Area Of Triangle
$base = 10;
$height = 15;
$area= ($base * $height)/2;

echo"<center><font size=10><font color=blue> Area of Triangle

with base</font color>" .$base. "<font color=blue> and
height</font color>".$height. "=<font color=blue>" .$area;
?>

6. WRITE A PROGRAM TO FIND AN AREA OF

RECTANGLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php

//Area Of Rectangle
$length =14;
$width =12;
echo"<center><font color=navy blue><font size=50>
Area Of Rectangle is $length * $width=".($length *$width)."<br>";

?>
 12

Output:

Output:
 13

7. WRITE A PROGRAM TO FIND AN AREA OF

CIRCLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
//Area of circle
$r=4;
$pi=3.14;
$a=$pi*$r*$r;

echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>

Area of circle is: ", $a;
?>

8. WRITE A PROGRAM TO DISPLAY A STATIC

VARIABLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
function displayStaticVariable()
{
static $count = 0;
$count++;

echo "<center><font size='10' color='red'><br>The count is: $count</font></center>";

}
displayStaticVariable();
displayStaticVariable();
displayStaticVariable();

displayStaticVariable();
displayStaticVariable();
?>
 14

Output:
 15

9. WRITE A PROGRAM FOR SWAPPING WITHOUT

USING THIRD VARIABLE.

PROGRAM:
<?php

$num1 = 10;

$num2 = 20;

echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=5> <br>

Swapping two numbers";

echo "<font color=orange><center><font size=5> <br>

Before Swap";

echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=5> <br>

Value of first number is = ". $num1;

echo "<font color=orange><center><font size=5> <br>

Value of second number is = ". $num2;

$num1 = $num1 - $num2;

$num2 = $num1 + $num2;

$num1 = $num2 - $num1;

echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=5> <br>

After Swap";

echo "<font color=orange><center><font size=5> <br>

Value of first number is = ". $num1;

echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=5> <br>

Value of second number is = ". $num2;

?>
 16

Output:
 17

10. WRITE A PROGRAM FOR SWAPPING OF

NUMBERS.

PROGRAM:

<?php

$x=50; // SWAPPING OF TWO NUMBERS

$y=60;

echo"<font size=30><font color=orange>Before Swapping:</font

color></font size> <br>";

echo"<font size=20> x =".$x." y=".$y;
$third=$x;
$x=$y;
//SWAPPING LOGIC

$y=$third;
echo"<br><br><font size=30><font color=purple>After Swapping
:<br></font color></font size>";
echo"<font size=20> x =".$x. " y=".$y;
?>
 18

Output:

Output:
 19

11. WRITE A PROGRAM TO DISPLAY LOCAL

VARIABLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
function display()
{
$a = 10; //Local Variable
echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=50> <br>

Accessing value inside function = $a";

}
display();
?>

12. WRITE A PROGRAM TO ACCESS THE GLOBAL

VARIABLE INSIDE THE FUNCTION.

PROGRAM:
<?php
$a = 10; // Global variable
function display ()
{
global $a;
echo "<font color=red><center><font size=50> <br>
Accessing value Inside function = $a";
}
display ();
echo "<font color=blue><center><font size=50> <br>

Accessing value outside function = $a";

?>
 20

Output:
 21

13. WRITE A PROGRAM TO DISPLAY GLOBAL

VARIABLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php

$x=5; //GLOBAL VARIABLE

function Test ()

$y=6; //LOCAL VARIABLE

echo"<center><font size=50><font color=green>

<p>Test variable inside the function:</p>";

echo "<br>";

echo "<center><font size=50><font color=purple>

Variable y is:".$y;
}
Test ();

echo"<center><font size=50><font color=green>

<p>Test variable outside the function:</p>";
echo "<center><font size=50><font color=purple>
Variable x is :".$x;
echo"<br>";

?>
 22

Output:

Output:
 23

14. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CONSTANT

 CASE-SENSITIVE CONSTANT.

PROGRAM:

<?php
//define a Case - Sensitive Constant

define("GREETING","<center><font color= blue><font size=10>Welcome you all");

echo GREETING;
echo"<br>";
// will not output the value of the constant
echo greeting;

?>

15. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CONSTANT

 CASE-INSENSITIVE CONSTANT.

PROGRAM:
<?php
//define a case-insensitive constant
define("GREETING","<br><center><font color=blue><font size=10>Welcome you all",
true);
echo GREETING;

echo"<br>";
//will also output the value of the constant
echo greeting;
?>
 24

Output:
 25

16. WRITE A PROGRAM OF ARITHMETIC

OPERATOR.

PROGRAM:

<?php
$a = 20;

$b = 10;
echo"<b><center><font size = 10><font color = blue>";
echo "Addition : " . ($a + $b) ."<br>";
echo"<b><center><font size = 10><font color = orange>";
echo"Subtraction :" .($a - $b) ."<br>";

echo"<b><center><font size = 10><font color = blue>";

echo"Multiplication :" .($a * $b) ."<br>";
echo"<b><center><font size = 10><font color = orange>";
echo"Division :" .($a / $b) ."<br>";
echo"<b><center><font size = 10><font color = blue>";

echo"Remainder :" .($a % $b) ."<br>";

?>
 26

Output:
 27

17. WRITE A PROGRAM OF INCREMENT AND

DECREMENT OPERATOR.

PROGRAM:

<?php
$x = 50;

echo "<font color=red><center><b>Initial value of x: $x <br>";

$y = $x++;
echo "<b><center><font color=blue>Value of y: $y <br>";
// Post-increment
echo "<font color=red><center>Value of x after post-increment: $x <br>";

$z = ++$x; //Pre-increment
echo "<font color=blue><center><b>Value of z: $z <br>";
echo "<font color=red><center>Value of x after pre-increment: $x <br>";
// Post-decrement
$v = $x--;

echo "<font color=blue><center>Value of v: $v <br>";

echo "<font color=red><center>Value of x after post-decrement: $x <br>";
// Pre-decrement
$q = --$x;
echo "<font color=blue><center>Value of e: $q <br>";

echo "<font color=red><center>Value of x after pre-decrement: $x <br>";

?>
 28

Output:
 29

18. WRITE A PROGRAM OF COMPARISON

OPERATOR.
PROGRAM:

<?php echo "<font

$a = 10; // Two Variables color='blue'>True<br></font>";

$b = 5; // Comparison operators } else {

echo "<b><center><font size='6'>Equal echo "<font

(==): "; color='black'>False<br></font>";

if ($a == $b) { } echo "Less than (<): ";

echo "<font if ($a < $b) {

color='blue'>True<br></font>"; } echo "<font
else { color='blue'>True<br></font>";

echo "<font } else {

color='black'>False<br></font>"; echo "<font
} color='black'>False<br></font>"; }

echo "Not Equal (!=): "; echo "Greater than or equal to (>=): ";

if ($a != $b) if ($a >= $b) {

{ echo "<font
color='blue'>True<br></font>";
echo "<font
color='blue'>True<br></font>"; } else {

} echo "<font
color='black'>False<br></font>";
else
} echo "Less than or equal to (<=): ";
{
if ($a <= $b) { echo "<font
echo "<font color='blue'>True<br></font>";
color='black'>False<br></font>";
} else { echo "<font
} color='black'>False<br></font>"; }
// Additional comparison examples ?>
echo "Greater than (>): ";
if ($a > $b) {
 30

Output:
 31

19. WRITE A PROGRAM OF ASSIGNMENT

OPERATOR.
PROGRAM:
<?php

//Assignment operator
echo"<b><center><font color=blue><font size=50>";
$x = 10;
echo $x . "<br>";
$x = 20;
$x += 30;
echo $x . "<br>";
$x = 50;
$x -= 20;
echo $x . "<br>";

$x = 5;
$x *= 25;
echo $x . "<br>";
$x = 50;
$x /= 10;

echo $x . "<br>";
$x = 100;
$x %= 15;
echo $x . "<br>";
?>
 32

Output:
 33

20. WRITE A PROGRAM OF LOGICAL OPERATOR.

PROGRAM:

<?php // Combining Logical Operators

$a = true; // First condition echo "Combining AND and OR: ";

$b = false; // Second condition if (($a && !$b) || $b)

// AND (&&) Operator {

echo "<b><center><font size='6'>Logical AND echo "<font

(&&): "; color='orange'>True<br></font>";

if ($a && $b) }

{ else

echo "<font {
color='orange'>True<br></font>";
echo "<font
} else { color='purple'>False<br></font>";

echo "<font }
color='purple'>False<br></font>";
?>
}

// OR (||) Operator

echo "Logical OR (||): ";

if ($a || $b)

echo "<font color='orange'>True<br></font>";

} else {

echo "<font
color='purple'>False<br></font>";}

// NOT (!) Operator

echo "Logical NOT (!): ";

if (!$a)

echo "<font color='orange'>True<br></font>";

} else

{
echo "<font
color='purple'>False<br></font>";

}
 34

Output:

Output:
 35

21. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CONDITIONAL

OPERATOR.
PROGRAM:
<?php
//conditional operator
$a=10;
$b=20;
echo($a>$b)?"<center><font color=red><font size=50>

$a is greater than $b":"<center><font color=blue><font size=50>

$b is greater than $a";
?>

22. WRITE A PROGRAM OF IF STATEMENT.

PROGRAM:
<?php
// IF STATEMENT
$age = 24;
if ($age>18)
{
echo"<center><font color=red><font size=50>

Congratulations: You are in the list of voter";

}
?>
 36

Output:
 37

23. WRITE A PROGRAM OF IF-ELSE STATEMENT.

PROGRAM:

<?php

// IF-ELSE STATEMENT
$age = 10;
if ($age>18)
{
echo"<center><font color=red><font size=50>

Congratulations: You are in the list of voter";

}
else
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>
You are below age, so you are not in the list of voter"

?>
 38

Output:
 39

24. WRITE A PROGRAM OF IF-ELSE IF-ELSE

STATEMENT.
PROGRAM:

<?php
// IF… ELSE IF… ELSE STATEMENT
$marks = 250;

if ($marks >= 300)

{
echo "<center><font color='orange' <font size='50'>First</font></center>";
}
else if ($marks >= 250)

{
echo "<center><font color='red'><font size='50'>Second</font></center>";
}
else if ($marks >= 135)
{

echo "<center><font color='green'> <font size='50'>Third</font></center>";

}
else
{
echo "<center><font color='blue'> <font size='50'>Fail</font></center>";

}
?>
 40

Output:
 41

25. WRITE A PROGRAM OF SWITCH STATEMENT.

PROGRAM:

<?php case "Fri":

$d=date("D"); echo "<center><font size=50><font

color=blue>
switch($d)
Today is Friday";
{
break;
case "Mon":
case "Sat":
echo "<center><font size=50><font
color=maroon> echo "<center><font size=50><font
color=brown>
Today is Monday";
Today is Saturday";
break;
break;
case "Tue":
case "Sun":
echo "<center><font size=50><font
color=orange> echo "<center><font size=5><font
color=teal>
Today is Tuesday";
Today is Sunday";
break;
break;
case "Wed":
default:
echo "<center><font size=50><font
color=green> echo "<center><font size=5><font
color=burgundy>
Today is Wednesday";
Wonder which day is this";
break;
}
case "Thu":
?>
echo "<center><font size=50><font
color=purple>
Today is Thursday";
break;
 42

Output:

Output:
 43

26. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT A TABLE USING

FOR LOOP (TABLE FORMAT IS 2*1=2).

PROGRAM:
<?php

// Print a table using for loop (table format is 2*1=2)

$number = 2;
for ($i = 1; $i <= 10; $i++)
{
$product = $number * $i;

echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=5>

$number * $i = $product<br>";
}
?>

27. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT SUM OF EVEN

NUMBERS UPTO 10 USING WHILE LOOP.
PROGRAM:
<?php

$sum = 0;
$number = 2;
while ($number <= 10) {
$sum += $number;
$number += 2; }

echo "<center><font size=50><font color=orange>

The sum of even numbers up to 10 is: $sum";
?>
 44

Output:

Output:
 45

28. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT FIRST 10

NUMBERS USING DO-WHILE LOOP.

PROGRAM:
<?php

$number = 1
do
{
echo"<center><font size=5><font color=purple>
$number <br>";

$number++;
}
while ($number <= 10);
?>

29. WRITE A PROGRAM OF FOR EACH LOOP.

PROGRAM:
<?php

$cars=array("BMW","Jaguar","Bugatti","Ferrari");
foreach($cars as $value)
{
echo"<center><font color=purple><font size=50>
$value<br>";

}
?>
 46

Output:

Output:
 47

30. WRITE A PROGRAM OF NESTED FOR LOOP.

PROGRAM:
<?php
for ($num =1; $num<=2; $num++)
{
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=5>
<b>Outer Loop: $num </b><br />";

for($val = 1; $val <=3; $val++)

{
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=5>
Inner Loop: $val <br />";
}

}
?>

31. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT FACTORIAL

NUMBER OF 5.
PROGRAM:
<?php
$num = 5;
$factorial = 1;
for ($x=$num; $x>=1; $x--) {

$factorial = $factorial * $x; }

echo "<center><font color=purple><font size=50>
Factorial of $num is $factorial";
?>
 48

Output:
 49

32. WRITE A PROGRAM TO CHECK WHETHER A

GIVEN NUMBER IS EVEN OR ODD.

PROGRAM:

<?php
$number=5678;

if ($number%2==0)
{
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>
$number is an Even Number";
}

else
{
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>
$number is Odd Number";
}

?>
 50

Output:
 51

33. WRITE A PROGRAM IN PHP TO CHECK

WHETHER A NUMBER IS ARMSTRONG OR NOT.
PROGRAM:
<?php
$num = 407;
$total = 0;
$x = $num;
while($x != 0)

{
$rem= $x % 10;
$total = $total + $rem * $rem * $rem;
$x= (int) ($x / 10);
}

if($num == $total)
{
echo"<center><font color=blue><font size=50>
Yes it is an Armstrong number";
}

else
{
echo"<center><font color=red><font size=50>
No it is not a Armstrong number";
}

?>
 52

Output:
 53

34. WRITE A PROGRAM OF FIBONACCI

SEQUENCE.

PROGRAM:

<?php
$number =0;

$a1=0;
$a2=1;
echo"<font color=><center><font size=50>
Fibonacci series for first 12 numbers: <br>";
echo "\n";

echo $a1.' '.$a2.' ';

while ($number<10)
{
$a3=$a2 + $a1;

echo $a3. ' ';

$a1=$a2;
$a2=$a3;
$number=$number+1;

}
?>
 54

Output:
 55

35. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT STAR

TRIANGLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
for ($i=0; $i<=5; $i++)
{
for ($k=5; $k>=$i; $k--)
{

echo " ";

}
for ($j=1; $j<=$i; $j++)
{
echo "*";

}
echo "<br>";
}
for ($i=4; $i>=1; $i--)
{

for ($k=5; $k>=$i; $k--)

{
echo " ";
}
for ($j=1; $j<=$i; $j++)

{
echo "*";
}
echo "<br>";
}

?>
 56

Output:

Output:
 57

36. WRITE A PROGRAM TO PRINT REVERSE STAR

TRIANGLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
$rows = 5;
for ($i = $rows; $i >= 1; $i--)
{
for ($j = 1; $j <= $i; $j++)

{
echo "*";
}
echo "<br>";
}

?>

37. WRITE A PROGRAM FOR INCLUDE ( )

FUNCTION
PROGRAM:
INCLUDE FUNCTION () MSG.PHP

<?php <?php

include("msg.php"); echo "<font size=50><center><font

color=indigo>

echo"<br><font color=orange>"."Welcome";
Hello World! <br>

?>
Welcome to php";

?>
 58

Output:

Output:
 59

38. WRITE A PROGRAM FOR REQUIRE ( )

FUNCTION
PROGRAM:

REQUIRE FUNCTION () ADD.PHP

<?php <?php
$num1 = 10;

require("Add.php"); $num2 = 20;

$sum = $num1 + $num2;
echo"<br><font echo "<font
color=blue>"."BCA"; color=red><center><font size=50>

?> Addition of two numbers is: <br>";

echo "<font size=20>".$num1." +
".$num2." = ".$sum;
?>

39. WRITE A PROGRAM TO CREATE AND

INVOKE USER DEFINED FUNCTION.

PROGRAM:
<?php
function Message() //Defining a PHP Function
{
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>

Hello,Welcome To Php";
}
Message(); //Calling a PHP Function
?>
 60

Output:

Output:
 61

40. WRITE A PROGRAM OF FUNCTION WITH

ARGUMENTS AND RETURING VALUES.

PROGRAM:
<?php

function addFunction($num1, $num2) // Defining a PHP Function {

$sum = $num1 + $num2; //Here $num1 and $num2 are formal parameters.
return $sum; } //Calling a PHP Function
$result = addFunction(11,22); //Here, 11 and 22 are actual parameters.
echo "<center><font color=green><font size=50>

The Result Is : " .$result;

?>

41. WRITE A PROGRAM TO SETTING DEFAULT

VALUES FOR FUNCTION ARGUMENTS.

PROGRAM:
<?php
function ABC($num1=101) //Defining a PHP Function
{
echo "<center><font color=orange><font size=50>
$num1.<br/>";

}
//Calling a PHP Function
ABC(303);
ABC();
?>
 62

Output:

Output:
 63

42. WRITE A PROGRAM OF DYNAMIC FUNCTION

CALL.
PROGRAM:
<?php
function ab() //Defining a PHP Function
{
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>

Hello<br/>";
}
$message = "ab";
//Dynamic Function Calls
$message();

?>

43. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CALL BY VALUE.

PROGRAM:
<?php // Call By Value

function abc($x) {
$x=$x+10;
return($x); }
$a=20;
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";

echo abc($a)."<br>";
echo "<center><font color=purple><font size=50>";
echo($a)
?>
 64

Output:

Output:
 65

44. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CALL BY REFERENCE.

PROGRAM:
<?php // Call By Reference
function abc(&$x) {
$x=$x+10;
return($x); }
$a=20;

echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>";

echo abc($a)."<br>";
echo "<center><font color=orange><font size=50>";
echo($a);
?>

45. WRITE A PROGRAM OF RECURSION.

PROGRAM:
<?php
function display($number) {
if($number<=5) {

echo "<center><font color=green><font size=50>

$number <br/>";
display($number+1); }
}
display(1);

?>
 66

Output:
 67

46. WRITE A PROGRAM OF NUMERIC ARRAY.

PROGRAM:
<?php
//First method to create a numeric array.
$number = array(1,2,3,4,5);
foreach($number as $value)
{

echo "<center><font color=purple><font

size=5>
Value is $value<br/>";
}
//Second method to create a numeric array.

$number[0] = "one";

$number[1] = "two";

$number[2] = "three";

$number[3] = "four";

$number[4] = "five";
foreach($number as $value)

{
echo "<center><font color=orange><font
size=5>
Value is $value<br/>";
}
?>
 68

Output:
 69

47. WRITE A PROGRAM OF ASSOCIATIVE ARRAY.

PROGRAM:
<?php
//First method to create an associative array.
$subject=array(
"English" => 65,
"Hindi" => 85,

"Maths" => 75);

echo "<center><font color=orange><font size=5>
Subject of English is : ".$subject['English']."<br/>";
echo "<center><font color=orange><font size=5>
Subject of Hindi is : ".$subject['Hindi']."<br/>";

echo "<center><font color=orange><font size=5>

Subject of Maths is : ".$subject['Maths']."<br/>";
//Second method to create an associative array.
$subject['English']="Low";
$subject['Hindi']="High";

$subject['Maths']="Medium";
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=5>
Subject of English is : ".$subject['English']."<br/>";
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=5>
Subject of Hindi is : ".$subject['Hindi']."<br/>";

echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=5>

Subject of Maths is : ".$subject['Maths']."<br/>";
?>
 70

Output:
 71

48. WRITE A PROGRAM OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL

ARRAY.

PROGRAM:
<?php // Multidimensional array

$marks = array (
"Amit" => array (
"English" => 35,
"Hindi" => 30,
"Maths" => 39),

"Aman" => array (

"English" => 30,
"Hindi" => 32,
"Maths" => 29),
"Ajay" => array (

"English" => 31,

"Hindi" => 22,
"Maths" => 39) );
echo"<center><font color=red><font size=5>
Marks for Amit in English :";

echo $marks['Amit']['English']."<br/>";
echo"<center><font color=purple><font size=5>
Marks for Aman in Hindi :";
echo $marks['Aman']['Hindi']."<br/>";
echo"<center><font color=blue><font size=5>

Marks for Ajay in Maths :";

echo $marks['Ajay']['Maths']."<br/>";
?>
 72

Output:
 73

49. WRITE A PROGRAM TO ACCESS THE

ELEMENTS OF AN ARRAY USING SIMPLE
METHOD AND LOOPS.

PROGRAM:

<?php

$cars=array("BMW","Audi","Ferrari");

//count()function returns the number of elements in an array

$arrlength = count($cars)
for($x=0;$x<$arrlength;$x++)

{
echo"<br><center><font color=orange><font size=10>";

echo$cars[$x];

echo"<br>";

}
?>
 74

Output:
 75

50. WRITE A PROGRAM OF ARRAY FUNCTIONS.

PROGRAM:

<?php
$cars = array("BMW","Toyota","Maruti"); //Array Function
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";
$arrlength=count($cars); // count Function
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";

echo current($cars)."<br>"; //current Function

echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";
echo next($cars)."<br>"; //next Function
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";
echo prev($cars)."<br>"; //prev Function

for($x = 0; $x < $arrlength; $x++)

{
echo $cars[$x];
echo "<br>";
}

echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";

echo reset($cars)."<br>"; //reset Function
echo "<center><font color=red><font size=50>";
echo end($cars)."<br>"; //end Function
?>
 76

Output:

Output:
 77

51. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CREATING AND

ACCESSING STRING.
 SINGLE QUOTED:

PROGRAM:
<?php
// Single Quoted Text

$str='Text Within Single Quote' ;

echo"<br><center><font color=orange><font size=10>";
echo $str;
?>

 DOUBLE QUOTED:

PROGRAM:
<?php
// Double Quoted Text
$num1 = 10;

$str1 = "Multiple lines

text within
double quoted string with a variable-value $num1";
$str2 = "Using escape sequence \n in double quoted string";
$str3 = "Using double \"quote\" inside double quoted string"; // Proper escaping for
quotes
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>";

echo "First String is: $str1"; // string concatenation

echo "<br/>$str2 <br/>$str3"; // Added line breaks
?>
 78

Output:

Output:
 79

52. WRITE A PROGRAM OF INTERPOLATION

WITH CURLY BRACES.

PROGRAM:
<?php
$drink = 'coffee';
echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>
Give me one $drink.<br>";
echo "<center><font color=orange><font size=50>

Give me two $drinks.<br>"; // Won't work, treated $drinks as new variable

echo "<center><font color=blue><font size=50>
Give me two {$drink}s.<br>";
?>

53. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CHARACTERS AND

STRING INDEXES.

PROGRAM:
<?php
// Characters And String Indexes
$msg='ALL IS WELL';
for($index=0;$index<11;$index++)
{

$ch=$msg{$index};
echo"<br><center><font color=blue><font size=50>".$ch;
}
?>
 80

Output:

Output:
 81

54. WRITE A PROGRAM OF STRING OPERATORS.

 CONCATENATION OPERATOR (.)
PROGRAM:
<?php // Concatenation Operator(.)
$string1 = "TISHITA";
$string2 = "MATHUR";
echo "<font color=navy blue> ";

echo "------------------------"; // Line break with asterisks

echo"<br><font color=navy blue>";
echo $string1 . " " . $string2; // Concatenated string
echo "<br><font color=navy blue> ";
echo "------------------------"; // Line break with asterisks

?>

 CONCATENATING ASSIGNMENT OPERATOR (.=)

PROGRAM:
<?php // Concatenating Assignment Operator(.=)
$string1 = "Tishita";
$string2 = "Mathur";

echo "<font color=red> ";

echo "------------------------"; // Line break with asterisks
echo"<br><font color=red>";
$string1 .= $string2;
echo $string1;

echo "<br><font color=red> ";

echo "------------------------"; // Line break with asterisks
?>
 82

Output:
 83

55. WRITE A PROGRAM OF STRING FUNCTIONS.

PROGRAM:
<?php
$str2 = " Hello World!";
echo "<font color=red>";
echo "Without Trim: $str2 <font
echo strlen("Hello world")."<font
color=blue><br/>";
color=blue><br/>";
echo "With Trim: ".trim($str2)."<font
echo stripos("Hello world", "wo")."<font
color=red><br/>";
color=red><br/>";
echo strcmp("Kello world", "Hello
world")."<font color=blue><br/>"; // strtoupper() and strtolower()

echo strncmp("Hello world", "Hellp earth", echo strtoupper("hello

6)."<font color=red><br/>"; world")."<font color=blue><br/>"; //
Converts to uppercase
echo strrev("Hello World")."<font
color=blue><br/>"; echo strtolower("HELLO
WORLD")."<font color=red><br/>";
echo strrpos("Hello world Hello world",
// Converts to lowercase
"wo")."<font color=blue><br/>";
// ucfirst() and ucwords()
// chr() function
echo ucfirst("hello world")."<font
echo chr(65)."<font color=red><br/>"; //
color=blue><br/>"; // Capitalizes first
Outputs character 'A'
character
// ltrim() and rtrim() functions
echo ucwords("hello world")."<font
$str = " Hello World!"; color=red><br/>"; // Capitalizes first
character of each word
echo "Without Ltrim: $str <font
color=blue><br/>"; // wordwrap() function

echo "With Ltrim: ".ltrim($str)."<font $str3 = "The wordwrap() function

color=red><br/>"; wraps a string into new lines when it
reaches a specific length";
$str1 = " Hello World";
echo wordwrap($str3, 15,
echo "Without Rtrim: $str1 <font
"<br>")."<font color=blue><br/>"; //
color=blue><br/>";
Wraps text at 15 characters
echo "With Rtrim: ".rtrim($str1)."<font
?>
color=red><br/>";
 84

Output:

Output:
 85

56. WRITE A PROGRAM OF HEREDOC.

PROGRAM:
<?php
$var = "variables";
$msg = <<<BCA
Hi, How are you all
<br>

Good
BCA;
echo"<center><font color=blue><font size=5>
$msg";
?>

57. WRITE A PROGRAM OF TEXT INPUT.

PROGRAM:
<html>
<body>
<form name="f1">

<font color="blue">First name: <input type="text" name="fname">

<br><br>
<font color="red">Last name: <input type="text" name="1name">
</form>
</body>

</html>
 86

Output:

Output:
 87

58. WRITE A PROGRAM OF MULTI LINE TEXT

INPUT CONTROL.
PROGRAM:
<html>
<body>
<form name="f1">

FEEDBACK:<br><b>
<textarea name="fb" rows="5" cols="50">
Enter The Feedback About Your Teacher Here:
</textarea>
</form>

</body>
</html>

59. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CHECKBOX.

PROGRAM:
<html>
<body>
<form name="f1">
<label style="color: red;"> <input type="checkbox" name="DM" value="on">DM
</label><br> <label style="color: blue;">
<font colour="blue"><input type="checkbox" name="PHP" value="on">PHP </label><br>
<label style="color: purple;">
<font colour="purple"><input type="checkbox" name="JAVA" value="on">JAVA
</label><br>
</form>

</body>
</html>
 88

Output:

Output:
 89

60. WRITE A PROGRAM OF RADIO BUTTON.

PROGRAM:
<html>
<body>
<form name="f1">
<label style="color: red;">
<input type="radio" name="r1" value="male">Male

</label><br>
<label style="color: blue;">
<input type="radio" name="r1" value="female">Female
</label><br>
</form>

</body>
</html>

61. WRITE A PROGRAM OF DROP COLUMN LIST

PROGRAM:
<html>
<body>
<form name="f1">
<select name="cars">

<option value="vol">Volvo</option>
<option value="vol">BMW</option>
<option value="vol">Audi</option>
<option value="vol">Mercedes</option>
</select> </form> </body>
</html>
 90

Output:
 91

62. WRITE A PROGRAM TO CREATE A BUTTON.

PROGRAM:

<html>
<body>

<form method="post">

<button type="submit" name="redirect_button">Go to Google</button>

</form>

<?php
if (isset($_POST['redirect_button']))

{
header("Location: https://www.google.com");
exit;
}
?>

</body>
</html>
 92

Output:

Output:
 93

63. WRITE A PROGRAM OF SUPER GLOBAL

VARIABLES.
 $GLOBALS []
PROGRAM:
<?php
$a = 30;
$y = 50;
function multiplication()

{
$GLOBALS['z']=$GLOBALS['a']*$GLOBALS['y'];
}
multiplication();
echo"<font color=blue>".$z;

$_SERVER []
PROGRAM:
<?php
echo $_SERVER [ 'SERVER_NAME' ];
echo "<br>";
echo $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_HOST' ];

echo "<br>";
echo $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_USER_AGENT' ];
echo "<br>";
echo $_SERVER[ 'SCRIPT_NAME' ];
echo "<br>"
?>
 94

Output:
 95

$_REQUEST []

PROGRAM:
<html>
<body>
<form method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname">
<input type="submit">

</form>

<?php
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
$name = $_REQUEST['fname'];

if (empty($name))
{
echo "Name is empty";
}
Else

{
echo "Hello " . $name;
}
}
?>

</body>
</html>
 96

Output:
 97

64. WRITE A PROGRAM OF HTML FORM AND

PHP (ADMISSION FORM).

PROGRAM:
<html>

<head>
<title> ADMISSION FORM</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Admission Form</h2>

<form action="admission.php" method="post">

Full Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br><br>
Father Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br><br>
Mother Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br><br>
E-mail: <input type="text" name="email"><br><br>

Contact Number:<input type="text" id="contact" name="contact"><br><br>

Address: <input type="text> name="text" name="address"><br><br>
Date of Birth:<input type="date" id="dob" name="dob"><br><br>
Gender:<input type="radio" id="female" name="gender" value="female">Female
<input type="radio" id="male" name="gender" value="male">Male<br><br>

<label for="course">Select Course:</label>

<select id="course" name="course" required>
<option value="BCA">BCA</option>
<option value="BBA">BBA</option>
<option value="BA">BA</option>

<option value="B.Sc">B.Sc</option> </select><br><br>

<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form> </body> </html>
 98

Output:
 99

65. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CONNECTING TO

DATABASE (MYSQL)

PROGRAM:

<html>
<head>

<title>Database Connection With MySQL</title>

</head>
<body>
<?php
// Create Connection

$con = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "MYSQL");

// Check Connection

if (mysqli_connect_errno())

{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
else
{

echo "<font color='blue'>Database Connection Successfully Build</font>";

}

?>
</body>
</html>
 100

Output:
 101

66. WRITE A PROGRAM TO CLOSE A DATABASE

CONNECTION WITH (MYSQL)

PROGRAM:
<html>

<head>
<title>Close A Database connection With MySQL</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php

// Create Connection
$con = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "MYSQL");

// Check Connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {

echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();

} else {
echo "<font color=blue>Database Connection Successfully Built</font>";
}
// Close the connection

echo "<font color=red><br>Database Connection Successfully closed</font>";

?>
</body>
</html
 102

Output:
 103

67. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CREATING A

DATABASE
PROGRAM:
<html>
<head>
<title>Create A Database</title>
</head>
<body>

<?php
// Create Connection $con = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "");
// Check Connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " .mysqli_connect_error();

} else {
echo "<font color=red>Database Connection Successfully Build</font>"; }
// Create Database
$sql = "CREATE DATABASE BCA";
if (mysqli_query($con, $sql))

{
echo "<font color=blue><br>Database 'BCA' created successfully</font>";
} else {
echo "<br>Error creating database: " .mysqli_error($con);
}

// Close Connection
mysqli_close($con);
?>
</body>
</html>
 104

Output:
 105

68. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CREATING A

DATABASE TABLE.
PROGRAM:
<html>
<head>
<title>Create A Table</title>
</head>
<body>

<?php // Create Connection

$con = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "BCA");
// Check Connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();

} else {
echo "<font color='orange'>Database Connection Successfully Build</font>";
}
// SQL to Create Table
$sql = "CREATE TABLE STUDENT ( FirstName CHAR(30), LastName CHAR(30), Age INT )";

// Execute Query
if (mysqli_query($con, $sql)) {
echo "<font color='blue'><br>Table STUDENT Created Successfully</font>";
} else {
echo "<br>Error Creating Table: " . mysqli_error($con); // Close Connection

mysqli_close($con);
?>
</body>
</html>
 106

Output:
 107

69. WRITE A PROGRAM OF INSERTING RECORDS

INTO DATABASE TABLE.
PROGRAM:
<html>
<head>
<title>Inserting Records Into Database Table</title>
</head>
<body>

<?php //Create Connection

$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","BCA");
// Check Connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
echo "Failed To Connect to MySQL: ".mysqli_connect_error(); }

else {
echo "<font color=purple> Database Connection Successfully Build";
}
//Inserting Records Into The Table
mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO STUDENT (FirstName,LastName,Age)

VALUES ('SEHAJ','MATHUR',15)");
mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO STUDENT (FirstName,LastName,Age)
VALUES ('SIMRAN','KAUR',20)");
mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO STUDENT (FirstName,LastName,Age)
VALUES ('PREM','KAUR'31)");

echo "<font color=red><br>Records Have Been Successfully Inserted";

// Close Connection
mysqli_close($con);
?>
</body>

</html>
 108

Output:
 109

70. WRITE A PROGRAM OF SELECTING RECORDS

FROM DATABASE TABLE.
PROGRAM:
<html>
// Fetch and display records in a table
<head>
while ($row =
<title>Selecting Records From Database mysqli_fetch_array($result)) {
Table</title>
echo "<tr>
</head>
<td>{$row['FirstName']}</td>
<body>
<td>{$row['LastName']}</td>
<?php
<td>{$row['Age']}</td></tr>";
// Create Connection
}
$con = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "",
"BCA");
echo "</table>";
// Check Connection
} else {
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
echo "<p style='text-align:center;
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " .
color:red;'>No records found in the
mysqli_connect_error();
STUDENT table.</p>";
exit(); // Stop execution if connection fails
}
} else {
// Close Connection
echo "<p style='text-align:center;
mysqli_close($con);
color:blue;'>Database Connection Successfully
Build</p>"; ?>
} </body>
// Select Records from the STUDENT Table </html>
$result = mysqli_query($con, "SELECT * FROM
STUDENT");
// Check if records exist

if (mysqli_num_rows($result) > 0) {
echo "<table>
<tr><th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Age</th>

</tr>";
 110

Output:
 111

71. WRITE A PROGRAM OF DELETING RECORDS

FROM DATABASE TABLE.
PROGRAM:
<html>
<head>
<title>Deleting Records From Database Table</title>
</head>
<body>

<?php
// Create Connection
$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","BCA");
// Check Connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno())

{
echo "Failed To Connect to MySQL: ".mysqli_connect_error(); }
else {
echo "<font color=blue> Database Connection Successfully Build</font>";
}

// Delete Records From The Table

mysqli_query($con,"DELETE FROM STUDENT");
echo "<font color=red><br>Records Have Been Successfully Deleted";
// Close Connection
mysqli_close($con);

?>
</body>
</html>
 112

Output:
 113

72. WRITE A PROGRAM OF SETTING / CREATING

COOKIES WITH PHP.
PROGRAM:
<?php
setcookie("name","Khushi",time()+3600,"/","",0);
setcookie("age","20", time()+3600,"/","",0);
?>
<html>

<head>
<title>Setting Cookies With PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php echo "<font color=red><center> Set Cookies"?>

</body>
</html>
 114

Output:
 115

73. WRITE A PROGRAM OF ACCESSING COOKIES

WITH PHP.
PROGRAM:
<?php
setcookie("name","Tishita Mathur",time()+3600,"/","",0);
setcookie("age","20", time()+3600,"/","",0);
?>
<html>

<head>
<title>Setting and Accessing Cookies with PHP</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php

echo "<font color=red><center>";

echo $_COOKIE["name"]. "<br />";
echo "<font color=blue><center>";
echo $_COOKIE["age"]. "<br />";
?>
 116

Output:

Output:
 117

74. WRITE A PROGRAM OF DELETING A COOKIE.

PROGRAM:
<?php
//Set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie("name","", time()- 3600, "/","",0);
setcookie("age","", time()- 3600, "/","",0); ?>

<html>
<head>
<title> Deleting Cookies with PHP</title>
</head>
<body>

<?php echo "<font color=orange><center> Deleted Cookies"?>

</body>
</html>

75. WRITE A PROGRAM OF CREATING SESSION

COOKIE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
setcookie("name", "Tishita"); ?>
<html>
<head>

<title>Creating Session Cookie with PHP</title>

</head> <body>
<?php echo "<center><font color=blue>Set Session Cookies"?>
</body>
</html>
 118

Output:
 119

76. WRITE A PROGRAM OF REGISTERING

SESSION VARIABLE.
PROGRAM:
<?php
session_start ( );
if ( isset ($_SESSION [ ' counter ' ] ) )
{
$_SESSION [ ' counter '] += 1;

}
else
{
$_SESSION [ ' counter '] = 1;
}

$msg = "You have visited ".$_SESSION [ ' counter '];

$msg .= " times this page in current session.";
?>

<html>

<title>Setting up a PHP session</title>

</head>
<body>
<?php echo "<center><font color=blue><b>".($msg); ?>
</body>

</html>
 120

Output:
 121

77. WRITE A PROGRAM OF WORKING WITH

SESSION VARIABLES.

PROGRAM:

First Page (“session1.php”) Second Page (“session2.php”)

<?php <?php
session_start ( ); session_start ( );
?> ?>
<html> <html>
<body> <body>
<?php <?php
$_SESSION["username"] = "Tishita"; echo "User is: " .$_SESSION
echo "<center>Session information is set ["username"];
successfully.<br/>"; ?>
?> </body>
<a href="session2.php">Visit next page</a> </html>
</body>

</html>
 122

Output:
 123

78. WRITE A PROGRAM OF SID CONSTANT.

PROGRAM:
<?php
echo "<center><font color=red>";
session_start();
if (empty($_SESSION['count']))
{

$_SESSION['count'] = 1;
}
else
{
$_SESSION ['count']++;

}
?>

<p>
Hello,you have seen this page <?php echo $_SESSION['count']; ?> times.

</p>

<p>

To Continue,
<a href="nextpage.php?<?php echo htmlspecialchars (SID); ?>">Click here<?a>.
</p>
 124

Output:
 125

79. WRITE A PROGRAM OF ENCODING AND

DECODING SESSION VARIABLE.

PROGRAM:
<?php

session_start();
$_SESSION["name"] = "Tishita Mathur";
$_SESSION["city"] = "Mohali";
$enc_session = session_encode();
print "<b> <center><font color=blue> Encoded Session Data:<br/></b>";

print $enc_session."<br/><br/>";
// Changing Session Values
$_SESSION["name"] = "Sehaj kaur";
$_SESSION["city"] = "Chandigarh";
// Printing $_SESSION

print "<b> <center><font color=red> SESSION Array:<br/></b>";

print "<pre>";
print_r($_SESSION);
print "</pre>";
session_decode ($enc_session);

//Printing Reloaded $_SESSION

print "<b> <center><font color=purple> Reloaded SESSION Array:<br/></b>";
print "<pre>";
print_r($_SESSION);
print "</pre>";

?>