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Introduction to
Cython
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What is Cython?
Cython is a programming language that
makes writing C extensions for Python as
easy as Python itself.
It is essentially Python with C data types,
enabling Python code to be compiled into
fast C or C++ code.
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Why Use Cython?
Speed: Cython can significantly speed up
Python code, sometimes by orders of
magnitude.
Efficiency: It optimizes performance-critical
sections without rewriting your entire
codebase.
Compatibility: Seamlessly integrates with
existing Python code and libraries.
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How Cython Works
1. Write or modify Python code: Use Cython
syntax to declare C types.
2. Compile: Use Cython to convert the code
into C/C++.
3. Build: Compile the C/C++ code into a
Python extension module.
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Getting Started with
Cython
Install Cython: pip install cython
Create a .pyx file: This file contains the
Cython code.
Build the extension: Use a setup script or an
in-place build with cythonize.
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Simple Example
Adding type declarations can result in
significant speedups.
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Compiling Cython Code
Create a setup.py file: Define how to build the
Cython extension.
Run the setup script: python setup.py build_ext -
-inplace
This generates a compiled module you can
import and use in Python.
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Performance Gains
Cython can speed up numerical
computations, loops, and many
performance-critical sections.
Real-world use cases show improvements
from 2x to over 100x faster execution.
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Use Cases for Cython
Data Analysis: Speed up pandas and
‘numpy’ operations.
Machine Learning: Accelerate training and
inference in models.
Scientific Computing: Enhance
performance of simulations and numerical
methods.
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