PAH-S48 SERIES

Before Using This Power Module

Pay attention to all warnings and cautions before using this unit. Incorrect usage could lead to an
electrical shock, damage to the unit, or a fire hazard. Be sure to read below warning and caution before
using the power module.

Warning
! Do not touch heatsink and case which may be hot.
! Do not open the case and touch the internal components. They may have high temperature or high
voltage which may get you in electrical shock or burned.
! When the unit is operating, keep your hands and face away from the unit. You may get injured by an
accidents.

Caution
! Confirm connections to input/output terminals and signal terminals are correct as indicated in the
instruction manual.
! Attach a fast blow type external fuse to each module to ensure safety operation and to acquire each
safety standard approval.
! This power module is designed for professional installation within an end user equipment.
! Use isolated voltage by reinforced insulation at primary power supply or double insulation as input
power source.
! The output from this power module must be considered as an energy hazard (> 240VA power and 2V
voltage) and must not be accessible to an end user. End equipment manufacturers must provide
protection against inadvertent contact with the output terminals on this product by a service engineer
or by service engineer dropping a tool into them.
! The application circuits and their parameter are for reference only. Be sure to verify effectiveness of
application circuits and their parameters before finalizing circuit design.
! The information in this document is subject to change without notice. For actual design-in, please
refer to the latest publications of data sheet, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of the unit.
! No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any mean without prior
written consent of Densei-Lambda.

Terminal Pin Configurations

-Vin -V
-Vin : Negative Input Terminal
CASE : Baseplate Terminal
CASE -S CNT : ON/OFF Control Terminal
+Vin : Positive Input Terminal
NAME PLATE TRM -V : Negative Output Terminal
-S : Negative Remote Sensing
CNT +S TRM : Output Voltage Adjustment Terminal
+S : Positive Remote Sensing
+Vin +V +V : Positive Output Terminal

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 PAH-S48 SERIES
APPLICATION NOTES

FEATURES:
• High power density : 73W/inch3
• High efficiency : 84% (VO=5V)
• Operating baseplate temperature : -40°C ~ +100°C
• Safety : UL1950, EN60950, CSA950, CE Marked
• Input Voltage : 36V ~ 76VDC
• Over temperature protection : auto recovery
• Over voltage protection : reset with CNT pin
• Small size : 2.40in X 2.28in X 0.5in

OPTION :
• Remote On / Off control logic ( Negative logic[standard], Positive logic[option /P] )
• Over voltage protection ( Manual restart[standard], Auto restart[option /V] )

Description

PAH-S48 SERIES power modules are high efficiency and high power density dc-dc converters. It is
suitable for wide range of application such as EDP equipment, workstations and telecommunications
equipments.

The mechanical designs of these modules make it easy for heat dissipation as well as easy mounting on
any equipment. An additional advantage to these power modules is that the OVP can be reset by using
the control pin, CNT instead of recycled the input power as in the conventional method; which is also
possible.

The standard 50W ~ 150W modules are available in seven types of output voltage; 2.5V, 3.3V, 5V, 12V,
15V, 24V and 28V. For 200W module, there are only four types of output voltage; 12V, 15V, 24V and
28V. They come with remote sensing, output adjustable range, over current protection, over voltage
protection, over temperature protection and remote ON/OFF. With all these features, the power modules
are flexible to be use in any power supply applications.

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 PAH-S48 SERIES
APPLICATION NOTES

CONTENTS :-

1. External Components
2. Input Voltage Range
3. Output Voltage Adjust Range
4. Output Ripple & Noise Measurement Method
5. Maximum Line Regulation
6. Maximum Load Regulation
7. Brownout
8. Over Current Protection
9. Over Voltage Protection
10. Thermal Protection
11. Remote Sensing
12. ON/OFF Control (CNT)
13. Series Operation
14. Operation Temperature
15. Operation Humidity
16. Storage Temperature
17. Storage Humidity
18. Cooling Method
19. Baseplate Temperature vs. Output Regulation
20. Withstand Voltage
21. Isolation Resistance
22. Vibration
23. Shock
24. Block Diagram. Sequence Chart

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BASIC CONNECTION 2. Input Voltage Range
The operating input voltage range of PAH-S48
SERIES is 36 ~ 76VDC. The maximum allowable
input ripple voltage (Vrpl) is 4V. Any ripple that
exceeds this value might cause the module to
become unstable.

Note : This diagram is for Negative Logic

“ON/OFF” Option.

1. External Components
The table below shows the recommended values for
the above external components.
Item Model 2.5 3.3 5 12 15 24 28 3. Output Voltage Adjust Range
200S 250V 15A
150S 250V 10A
F1 100S 250V 7A The output voltage of power module can be adjusted
75S 250V 5A by connecting an external resistor (Radj) between the
50S 250V 5A
(UL approved and fast acting)
TRIM pin and either the +S or –S pins. With an
C1* All Electrolytic capacitor : 100V 33uF external resistor (Radj) between TRIM pin and –S
C2 All Ceramic capacitor : 2KVAC 4700pF pin, output voltage will decrease as shown in
1000 uF

1000 uF

470 uF

470 uF

200S diagram below.

C3* 150S
2200 uF

2200 uF

2200 uF

470 uF

470 uF

220 uF

220 uF

100S
75S
50S
C4 All Film capacitor : 50V 1uF
* :- (1) The above value is for operating
temperature range from -20°C to
100°C.
(2) For -40°C ~ 100°C range, change C1 to
ceramic type of capacitor and use 2
capacitors for C3.
(3) Use low ESR type E-Cap for C1 and C3 The equation shown below determines the required
such as KME series for C1 and LXY external resistor (Radj) value to obtain a percentage
series of Nippon Chemi-Con for C3.
output voltage change of ∆%.
100%
PAH-S48 SERIES module is not internally fused. Radj (down) = ( − 2)kΩ
To ensure safe operation and to receive each safety ∆%
standard approval, please connect an external fuse, The graph shown below is the external resistor (Radj)
F1 as shown in the diagram above. value against a percentage output voltage change of
Input capacitor C1 is recommended to stabilize the ∆%.
module when the module is powered from a high
impedance source. 1000
ADJUSTMENT RESISTOR VALUE

Capacitor C2 is used to absorb noise coming from 100

the module itself. This capacitor will also help the
EMI performance of the module.
(KΩ)

10

The function of capacitor C3 is to reduce the output

ripple of the power module whereas the capacitor C4 1
is to reduce high frequency noise that is produced by
the module. 0.1
0 10 20 30 40
If in any application that an input reversal %CHANGE IN OUTPUT VOLTAGE (∆%)
connection is possible, a protective diode that is
connected across +Vin and -Vin is recommended.

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 If the external resistor (Radj) is connected between a limitation to the input voltage range for the 5V
the TRM pin and +S pin, the output voltage will version only which is as shown below.
increase. Diagram shown below is the output voltage
trim up connection. 140

Output Voltage (%)

130
120
110
100
90
80
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Input Voltage (VDC)

4. Output Ripple & Noise Measurement

The equation shown below determines the required Method
external resistor (Radj) value to obtain a percentage
output voltage change of ∆%.
The method for output ripple and noise are based
upon EIAJ RC-9002A. Upon measurement of the
Vo(100% + ∆%) (100% + 2∆%)
Radj (up) = ( − )kΩ ripple voltage, make sure that the oscilloscope probe
1.225∆% ∆% leads are not too long.

Vo = Nominal output Voltage.

The graph shown below is the external resistor (Radj)

value against a percentage output voltage change of
∆%.

10.00
2.5V
3.3V
5.0V
12V
ADJUSTMENT RESISTOR VALUE (M Ω)

15V 5. Maximum Line Regulation

1.00 24V
28V Maximum line regulation is the maximum output
voltage change when the input voltage is slowly
varied within the input voltage range. The
measurement point for the input and output voltage
are ±Vin and ±S (sense point) respectively.
0.10
6. Maximum load regulation
Maximum load regulation is the maximum output
voltage value change when varying the load current
slowly within the standard output current range. The
0.01
measurement point for the input and output voltages
0 2 4 6 8 10 are ±Vin and ±S (sense point) respectively.
%CHANGE IN OUTPUT VOLTAGE (∆%)

7. Brownout
If the output voltage is raised above its nominal
There will be output voltage overshoot during
value, the output current needs to be derated to a
brown-out (momentary input line off) condition.
value such that the output power does not exceeds
the maximum output power specified in the
specification sheet. In addition to that, there is also

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8. Over Current Protection Remote Sensing in Use

The PAH-S48 SERIES is equipped with an over

current protection circuit. When the short or
overload condition is removed, the output will
automatically recover. This setting is fixed and
cannot be varied externally. If the short or overload
condition continues, the power module could be
damaged due to the heat condition.

9. Over Voltage Protection

Remote Sensing not in Use
There are 2 types of over protection method
available for the PAH series. In the standard model,
a latching shutdown method is adopted. For this
method there are two ways to reset the power
module after OVP protection triggers. They are by
(i) giving a pulse to the control pin or (ii) recycling
the input voltage. In the /V optional model, the
power module will shutdown after OVP protection
triggers but will recover automatically when over
voltage is removed.

12. ON /OFF Control (CNT)

Without turning the input supply on and off, the
10. Thermal Protection output can be enabled and disabled using this
function. This control circuit is on the input side of
The PAH-S48 SERIES have a thermal protection the power module; CNT terminal pin. There are two
circuit that sense the baseplate temperature between options available in this function, which are
the range of 105°C to 130°C for an over temperature Negative Logic and Positive Logic. In the standard
condition. Under a condition where the ambient model where Negative Logic is used, the power
temperature or the power module internal module will turn on when CNT terminal pin is
temperature rises excessively, the thermal protection shorted to –Vin or a low logic voltage is provided.
circuit will shut down the power module. The power The power module will turn off when CNT pin is
module will recover automatically when the open or Logic high is provided. In the /P optional
baseplate temperature cools down. model where Positive logic is used, the control
method is vice versa to the Negative Logic.

Below tables summarizes the CNT levels and

output states with different logic types.
11. Remote Sensing
a) Negative Logic: (Standard model)
The PAH-S48 SERIES is equipped with remote
CNT Level to –Vin OUTPUT
sensing terminals, which compensate for the voltage
H (more than 2.0V) or Open OFF
drops between the power supply output terminals
and the load terminals. Remote sensing should be L (less than 1.0V) or Short ON
performed at the load. When remote sensing is not
required (local sensing), short the +S with the +V b) Positive Logic: (/P option)
terminal, and the -S with the -V terminal. The CNT Level to -Vin OUTPUT
compensation range should be kept so that the H (more than 2.0V) or Open ON
output voltage is within the output voltage range and L (less than 1.0V) or Short OFF
the maximum power is not exceeded. For long
connections and noise sensitive environments, The maximum CNT pin voltage when it is opened is
shielded wires are recommended to minimize noise 7V. The maximum low logic sourcing current is
pickup on the output leads. 0.6mA. When using long wiring, attach a 0.1µF
capacitor between the CNT and -Vin terminals.

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Remote ON/OFF control can also be exercised by 2) +/- Output Series Operation
opening or closing the contacts of a switch or relay,
or by operating a transistor as a switch in series with When the load on the positive side is isolated
the CNT terminal. from the load on the negative side, the
Standard remote ON/OFF control circuit is provided following connection hookup is recommended.
in the primary circuit. For secondary control, Bypass diodes are not needed when operate in
isolation can be achieved through use of an opto- this mode.
coupler or relay.

CNT Connection Method

13. Series Operation

14. Operation Temperature
All PAH-S48 SERIES modules allow series
operation with any combination of output voltages. The baseplate temperature range for PAH-S48
Please contact us for maximum number of SERIES is from -40°C to 100°C.
connections possible.

1) Series Operation for High Output Voltage 15. Operation Humidity

Applications
Avoid the buildup of condensation on or in the
When using PAH-S48 SERIES modules in a power module.
high output voltage configuration external
bypassing diodes need to be connected to 16. Storage Temperature
either module.
Please note that sudden temperature changes can
a. Peak Reverse Voltage cause condensation buildup, and other harmful
VRRM>2x the power module output affects to each terminal solder.
voltage
b. Average Output Current
Io>Twice the power module output
17. Storage Humidity
current
High temperature and humidity can cause the
c. Forward Voltage
terminals on the module to oxidize. The quality of
VF = Minimum (Schottky Barrier
the solder will become worse.
Type,etc)

18. Cooling Method

The operating temperature is specified by the
baseplate temperature. Various cooling methods are
possible such as using heatsink or chassis of the
equipment. If the temperature is very high, fan is
recommended.

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19. Baseplate Temperature vs. Output 21. Isolation Resistance
Regulation
The isolation resistance is more than 100MΩ at
This is the output voltage change ratio when varying 500VDC when tested with a DC isolation tester
the baseplate operation temperature. between the output and the baseplate. Make sure
that during testing, the isolation testers do not
produce a high pulse when the applied voltage is
20. Withstand Voltage
varied. Ensure that the tester is fully discharged
after the test.
The power module is designed to withstand
1.5kVAC between the input to the baseplate and
input to output for 1 minute. In the case that the
withstanding voltage is tested in the incoming goods
test, etc., please set the limit of the test equipment to
20mA. The applied voltage must be increased
gradually from zero to the testing value, and then
decreased gradually at shutdown. Do not use a timer
where a pulse of several times the applied voltage
can be generated. This could cause damage to the
module. Be sure to short all the input and output
pins as shown below.
22. Vibration
Input ~ Baseplate Please refer to the power module mounting in the
PAH-S48 series Handbook in order to achieve
vibration level stated in the specification.

23. Shock
Value for the conditions of our shipping and
packaging.

1.5kVAC 1 min. (20mA)

Note :- Please be sure to short all the input &
output pins as shown above.

Input ~ Output

1.5kVAC 1 min.(20mA)
Note :- Please be sure CASE is not shorted to any
pins.

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24. Block Diagram . Sequence Chart

Input Voltage

Output Voltage

Control on/off
Input on

OVP trip
Control off

Input off

Control off
Control on

OTP recover
Input on

OVP trip

(typ Tp<85°C)
OCP off

(typ Tp=115°C)
Control on

OCP on

OTP trip

Note : This timing diagram is for Negative Logic “ON/OFF” Option.

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