Cambridge International

Exambuddy

PHYSICS

Forces

5054
1. A coin falls from rest through the air and eventually reaches a constant speed.
There is a resultant force acting on the coin due to the two forces P and Q shown in the
diagram.

What happens to force P and what happens to the resultant force before the coin reaches
constant speed?

2. A satellite is shown moving around the Earth in a circular path at a constant speed.
Which arrow shows the direction of the force on the satellite?
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3. Which row shows the mass and the weight of an object on the Earth’s surface?
[gravitational field strength g = 10 N/ kg]

4. The diagrams show the forces acting on four identical solid blocks.
Each arrow represents a force of 20 N.

Which blocks are in equilibrium?

A P and R only
B Q and S only
C P, Q and R only
D P, Q, R and S

5. The gravitational field strength in space is smaller than on the Earth’s surface.
A rocket is used to launch a satellite from the Earth’s surface into space.
How are the mass and the weight of the satellite affected as the satellite moves away from
the surface of the Earth and into space?

A Both the mass and the weight are unaffected.

B The mass decreases and the weight decreases.
C The mass increases and the weight is unaffected.
D The mass is unaffected and the weight decreases.
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6. The diagram shows a children’s wooden play tower.

Which change to the tower makes it more stable?

A making the tower narrower
B making the tower taller
C lowering the centre of mass
D raising the centre of mass

7. The diagram shows a satellite orbiting a planet at a steady speed.

In which direction does the resultant force act on the satellite?

8. A car of weight 11 000N moves with constant velocity along a horizontal road. A driving
force of 5000N acts on the car.
What is the force opposing the motion of the car?
A 5000N B 6000N C 11 000N D 16 000N
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9. A man with an open parachute falls to Earth at constant speed. The following forces act:

P the upward force of the parachute on the man

Q the upward force of the man on the Earth
R the downward force of the Earth on the parachute
S the downward force of the man on the parachute

Which two forces are a Newton’s third law pair?

A P and Q B P and R C P and S D Q and R

10. A box is pulled up a rough slope, as shown.

In which direction does friction act on the box?

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11. The diagram shows a motorcyclist leaning over in order to turn the corner to the left.
Which force causes him to turn?

12. Which type of force causes the Earth to orbit the Sun?

A elastic
B electrostatic
C gravitational
D magnetic

13. Four objects of different masses are on different planets.

The weight of each object on its planet is determined.
Which object is on the planet with the smallest gravitational field strength?
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14. A student makes a model toy which balances on the end of a metal rod.

Why are the weights needed?

A They increase the pressure on the rod.
B They increase the weight of the model.
C They lower the centre of mass below the top of the rod.
D They raise the centre of mass above the top of the rod.

15. A car of mass 800 kg has a forward acceleration of 2.5 m / s2.A frictional force of 1200 N
opposes the motion of the car.
What is the driving force due to the engine of the car?
A 800 N B 1200 N C 2000 N D 3200 N

16. A parachutist falling at a steady speed opens her parachute.

Which row is correct for the direction of the resultant force and for the direction of the
acceleration of the parachutist just after her parachute opens?
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17. A block is hung on a spring balance. The marker inside the balance is pulled down by the
block.

What can the position of the marker be used to determine?

A the mass of the block in kg

B the mass of the block in N

C the moment caused by the block in N

D the weight of the block in kg

18. Which statement about mass and weight is correct?

A Mass is a scientific term that means the same as weight.

B The mass of an object on Earth is 10 times its weight.
C Weight is a scalar quantity, mass is a vector quantity.
D Weight is the force of gravity pulling on a mass.

19. There is an astronaut on a planet which has a gravitational field strength one fifth of the
value on Earth.
He hangs samples of rock from a spring balance designed for use on Earth.
Each sample has a mass of 0.1 kg.
The spring balance reads 1.0 kg.
How many samples of rock are there?
A2 B 10 C 25 D 50
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20. Four of the gravitational forces that act between bodies in the Solar System are listed below.

P the force on the Moon due to the Earth

Q the force on the Earth due to the Sun
R the force on the Earth due to the Moon
S the force on the Moon due to the Sun
Which two forces are a Newton’s third law pair (action and reaction)?

A P and Q B P and R C Q and S D R and S

21. A hot-air balloon is travelling at constant velocity and is at a constant height above the
ground.

The diagram shows the only four forces acting on the balloon.

Which statement is correct?

A W and Y are equal, X and Z are equal.
B W and Y are equal, X is greater than Z.
C X and Z are equal, Y is greater than W.
D Y is greater than W, X is greater than Z.
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22. The diagram represents an object O moving from X to Y along a circular path at constant
speed.
What is the direction of the resultant force on O in the position shown?

23. Four objects of different masses are situated in places with different gravitational field
strengths.
Which object has the greatest weight?

24. Which statement about centre of mass is correct?

A Objects with a centre of mass at the same height are less stable when the base is larger.
B Objects with a centre of mass at the same height are more stable when the base is larger.
C Objects with higher centres of mass and smaller bases are more stable.
D Objects with identical bases are more stable when the centre of mass is higher.
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25. A parachutist of mass 60 kg falls at a steady speed of 10m/ s. The gravitational field
strength g is 10N/ kg.
What is the upward force acting on the parachutist?
A0 B 6.0N C 60N D 600N

26. A force moves a box up a rough slope.

The diagram shows four forces acting on the box.
Which is the force due to friction on the box?

27. The mass of object P is greater than the mass of object Q.

The objects contain different amounts of matter and have a different resistance to change of
motion.
Which row is correct?
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28. Four objects of different masses are situated in places with different gravitational field
strengths.
Which object has the greatest weight?

29. A large hook sticks into a pencil. The hook and pencil are balanced on the edge of a table,
as shown.
Where is the centre of mass of the hook and pencil?

30. A car is accelerating along a straight, horizontal road. The diagram shows forces acting on
the car.
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Which forces are balanced?

A contact forces and air resistance
B contact forces and weight
C driving force and air resistance
D driving force and weight

31. A single force is applied to a body.

What cannot happen?
A a change in the direction of the moving body
B a change in the mass of the body initially at rest
C a change in the position of the body initially at rest
D a change in the speed of the moving body

32. A body slides down a frictionless slope, as shown.

As the body presses on the surface, the surface pushes back on the body.
In which direction does the surface push back on the body?

33. There is no atmosphere on the Moon.

Two metal spheres of identical volume but different mass are at rest at the same height
above the ground on the Moon. They are dropped at the same time.
How do the spheres move after release?
A The sphere with the larger mass has a smaller acceleration.
B The sphere with the larger mass hits the ground first.
C The sphere with the smaller mass has a smaller acceleration.
D The two spheres hit the ground together.
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34. The minimum braking distance for a car is tested on a dry road.
The test is then repeated on a wet road.
What happens to the braking distance and to the frictional force between the tyres and the
road?

35. A body of mass 10 kg falling freely in the gravitational field close to the Moon’s surface has
an acceleration of 1.6 m/s2
What is the gravitational field strength on the Moon?

A 0N/ kg B 1.6N/ kg C 10N/ kg D 16N/ kg

36. The diagram shows a muscle and bones in a person’s arm. The hand holds a load of weight
40N.
The elbow acts as a pivot and the tension in the muscle keeps the lower part of the arm
horizontal.
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What is the tension in the muscle due to the load?

A 200N B 240N C 280N D 1400N

37. Four objects of equal mass rest on a table. The centre of mass of each object is labelled G.
Which object is the least stable?

38. The planets in the Solar System orbit the Sun.

Which statement is correct?

A There is a force on each planet away from the Sun.

B There is a force on each planet in the direction in which it travels.
C There is a force on each planet opposite to the direction in which it travels.
D There is a force on each planet towards the Sun.

39. Which forces act on a skydiver who is falling at terminal velocity?

A air resistance and weight
B air resistance only
C weight only
D no forces act
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40. A uniform rod of weight 5.0 N is held initially at rest.

The diagram shows the forces acting on the rod when it is released.

What happens to the rod when it is released?

A It does not move.
B It moves to the right.
C It moves upwards.
D It starts to rotate.

41. Where on the graph is the limit of proportionality for an elastic solid?

A between O and P
B at P
C between P and Q
D at Q
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42. A weight of 2.0 N is hung from a spring. The extension produced is 6.0 cm. The 2.0 N
weight is removed and an 8.0 N weight is hung from the spring. The spring does not pass its
limit of proportionality.
What is the new extension of the spring?

A 6.0 cm B 24 cm C 36 cm D 48 cm
43. An unstretched elastic cord of length 15.0 cm stretches by 4.0 cm when a weight of 6.0N is
suspended from it. The cord does not exceed the limit of proportionality.
What is the total length of the cord when the weight is 3.0N?

A 2.0 cm B 7.5 cm C 9.5 cm D 17.0 cm

44. An extension–load graph is plotted for a spring.

Which point marks the limit of proportionality for this spring?

45. The diagram shows a graph of load against extension for a material.
At which point is the limit of proportionality?
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46. The graph shows how the extension of a spring changes with the masses suspended from it
when the spring is on planet X and when the spring is on planet Y.

Which conclusion can be drawn from these graphs?

A It is not possible to compare the gravitational field strengths on planets X and Y.
B The gravitational field strength on planet X is equal to the gravitational field strength on
planet Y.
C The gravitational field strength on planet X is one third of the gravitational field strength on
planet Y.
D The gravitational field strength on planet X is three times the gravitational field strength on
planet Y.
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47. A load L is suspended from two springs that are in parallel.The extension of each spring is x.

The springs are then arranged to hang vertically, one below the other

In this new arrangement, what is the total extension of the two springs?

1
A x Bx C 2x D 4x
2
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48. The graph shows the extension of a piece of copper wire as the load on it is increased.

What does the graph show?

A At a certain load, the wire becomes easier to extend.
B At a certain load, the wire becomes harder to extend.
C The load and the extension are directly proportional for all loads.
D The load and the extension are inversely proportional for all loads.

49. The diagram shows a load-extension graph for a wire.

Which point is the limit of proportionality?
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50. A metal wire is suspended from a support and loads of different mass are attached to the
lower end.
The table shows how the extension of the wire depends on the mass of the load.

Between which values of mass does the limit of proportionality lie?

A 0 and 2.0 kg
B 4.0 kg and 6.0 kg
C 6.0 kg and 8.0 kg
D 8.0 kg and 10.0 kg

51. Some students plan to use a spring to make a spring balance with a linear scale.
The graph shows how the extension of their spring changes with the load on it.

What is the total range of a balance with a linear scale using this spring?

A 0N to 10N B 0N to 12N C 10N to 12N D 10N to 14N

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52. A spring extends by 6.0cm when a 15N weight is suspended from its lower end.
Three of these springs are used as shown to support a 90N weight.

What is the extension of each spring?

A 2.0cm B 12cm C 36cm D 110cm

53. An extension-load graph is plotted to show the result of increasing the load on a spring.
Which point marks the limit of proportionality for this spring?
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54. Two stretched springs X and Y are attached to one end of a metre rule as shown. A weight
W is hung from the other end. A pivot is at the centre of the rule.

The weight W is moved towards the pivot.

How does the extension of each spring change?
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55. A 100g mass is suspended from a spring next to a vertical metre rule. The top of the spring
is level with the 0.0cm mark. The bottom of the spring is level with the 27.2cm mark.

The 100g mass is replaced with a 600g mass. The length of the spring is now 89.7cm. The
spring has not reached the limit of proportionality.
The 600g mass is replaced with a 200g mass. What is the length of the spring?

A 29.9cm B 33.4cm C 39.7cm D 54.4cm

56. A metal wire, of initial length 1000mm, extends by 4mm when a load of 2N is added to it.
What is the length of the wire when a further 3 N is added, assuming that the wire does not
extend beyond the limit of proportionality?
A 1006mm B 1008mm C 1010mm D 1012mm

57. A spring has a length of 9 cm when loaded with a 200 g mass. The extension-mass graph
for the spring is shown.

The 200g mass is replaced with a 100g mass. What is the new length of the spring?

A 7cm B 8cm C 9 cm D 10cm

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58. An extension-load graph for a wire is shown.

What is the load at the limit of proportionality for the wire?

A 4N B 15N C 60N D 70N

59. A single spring is loaded with a 1 N weight. The load is then increased to 2 N and the
extension increases by 1.0cm, as shown.

Two springs that are identical to the first one are put side by side. They are connected at
both ends, and a 1N weight is hung on them. The load is then increased to 2N.

What is the new increase x in the extension?

A 0.5cm B 1.0cm C 2.0cm D 3.0cm
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60. A steel spring is stretched by a load. The load is increased.

At first the extension is proportional to the load. The spring reaches its limit of proportionality
at L.Which is the correct graph of the extension against load for the spring?