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    SQL Project File

    Uploaded by

    Bhavya Verma

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    SQL Project File

    Uploaded by

    Bhavya Verma
    9 views20 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    9 views20 pages

    SQL Project File

    Uploaded by

    Bhavya Verma

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    GMT PUBLIC SCHOOL

    JALANDHAR BYPASS,LUDHIANA

    Affiliated to C.B.S.E., New Delhi codeno. 163035

    INFORMATICS PRACTICES
    (SESSION:2024-25)

    PRACTICAL FILE

    Submitted from-> Bhavya Verma


    +1 Non Medical
    Submitted to-> Ms. Monika Mehra
    Table of Contents

    1. About MySQL

    2. DDL commands

    3. DML commands

    4. DQL commands

    5. Practicals
    About My SQL
    SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standard language for accessing and
    Manipulating databases. SQL commands are used to create, transform and retrieve
    information from Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) and also to
    create an interface between the user and database. By using SQL commands, one
    can create database and perform other functions like creating tables,
    adding records, modifying data, etc.

    # DDL commands
    1. Creating Databases
    Syntax-
    CREATE DATABASE <database_name>
    For example,

    2. Opening Databases
    Syntax-
    USE <database_name>
    For example,

    3. Removing Databases
    Syntax-
    DROP DATABASE <database_name>

    For example,
    4. Creating a Table
    Syntax-
    CREATE TABLE <table_name>
    (
    <column_name1><data_type>[(size)],(constraints, if any)
    <column_name2><data_type>[(size)],
    …
    );
    For example,

    5. Viewing a Table structure


    Syntax-
    DESCRIBE <table-name>;
    For example,
    6. ALTER TABLE command
    A. Adding a column to an existing table
    Syntax-
    ALTER TABLE <table_name>ADD(<column_name><data type>size);

    B. Adding a column with Default Value


    Syntax-
    ALTER TABLE <table_name>
    ADD(column_name1<data_type>default data);
    For example,

    C. Modifying an existing column definition


    Syntax-
    ALTER TABLE<table_name>
    MODIFY(column_name1<data type1>);
    For example,

    7. DROP TABLE command


    Syntax-
    DROP TABLE <table_name>;
    #DML commands
    1. Inserting data into a table
    A. Inserting data(for all the columns) into a table
    Syntax-
    INSERT INTO table_name
    VALUES (value1,value2,value3…);
    For example,

    B. Inserting data by specifying values into a table


    Syntax-
    INSERT INTO table_name (column1,column2,columnN,..)
    VALUES (value1,value2,valueN,….);

    C. Inserting NULL values into a table


    For example-

    2. Modifying data in a table


    Syntax for UPDATE-
    UPDATE <table_name>
    SET<column1> = <value1>,<column2> = <value2>,….
    WHERE <column_name> = <new_value>;
    For example,
    A. Updating values of multiple columns
    For example,

    B. Updating NULL values


    For example,

    C. Updating specific row using formula


    For example,

    D. Updating all rows using an expression


    For example,

    3. Removing specific data from a table


    Syntax for DELETE statement-
    DELETE FROM table_name WHERE <condition>;

    A. Deleting all rows from a table


    For example,

    # DQL commands
    ->SQL SELECT statement
    1. Projection
    For example,

    2. Selection
    Syntax-
    SELECT * FROM <table_name>
    WHERE <conditions_to_satisfy>;

    For example,
    -> Using WHERE clause
    For example,

    3. Re-ordering Columns
    For example,

    4. Eliminating Duplicate Data


    Syntax-
    SELECT DISTINCT <column_name> from <table_name>;
    For example,
    ->SQL Operators
    A. Arithmetic Operators
    For example,
    B. Relational Operators
    For example,
    C. Logical Operators
    1. AND operator
    For example,

    2. OR operator
    For example,

    3. NOT operator
    For example,
    D. SQL Special Operators
    1. BETWEEN
    Syntax-
    SELECT <column_name> FROM <table_name>
    WHERE <column_name> BETWEEN <value1> AND <value2>;
    For example,

    2. IN
    Syntax-
    SELECT <column_name> FROM <table_name>
    WHERE <column_name> IN (value1,value2,…);

    For example,
    3. NULL
    For example,

    4. LIKE
    Syntax-
    SELECT <column_name> FROM <table_name>
    WHERE <column_name> LIKE <pattern>;

    For example,

    ->Sorting in SQL
    Syntax-
    SELECT <column_list> FROM <table_name>
    WHERE <condition> ORDER BY <column_name>[ASC|DESC];

    For example,
    PRACTICALS
    #1 Creating table SKILL_SUBJECTS_PREFERENCE

    # Creating table STUDENT


    # Creating table SHOP
    # Creating table PRODUCTS
    # Creating table BOOKS

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