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Rank of Matrix by Minor Method

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286 views8 pages

Rank of Matrix by Minor Method

Uploaded by

nishatsalsabil321
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Rank of Matrix by Minor Method

The rank of a matrix A is defined as the order of a highest order non-


vanishing minor of the matrix A. It is denoted by the symbol ρ (A).

The rank of a zero matrix is defined to be 0.

Note

(i) If a matrix contains at-least one non-zero element, then ρ (A) ≥ 1

(ii) The rank of the identity matrix In is n.

(iii) If the rank of a matrix A is r, then there exists at-least one minor of A
of order r which does not vanish and every minor of A of order r + 1 and higher
order (if any) vanishes.

(iv) If A is an m × n matrix, then ρ (A) ≤ min {m, n} = minimum of m, n.

(v) A square matrix A of order n has inverse if and only if ρ (A) = n.


Question 1 :

Solution:

Then A is a matrix of order 2×2. So ρ (A) min {2, 2} = 2. The highest order of
minors of A is 2 . There is only one second order minor of A .

= 4-4

|A| = 0

The rank of the given matrix will be less than 2.

Hence the rank of the given matrix is 1.


Question 2 :

Solution :

Then A is a matrix of order 3 × 2. So ρ (A) min {3, 2} = 2. The highest order


of minors of A is 2 .

There are four 2 x 2 minor matrices in the above matrix. By finding the
determinants, we get
Since the minor of 2 x 2 matrix is not equal to zero, the rank of the given
matrix is 2.

Question 3 :

Solution :

Then A is a matrix of order 2 × 4. So ρ (A) min {2, 4} = 2. The highest order


of minors of A is 2 .
There are four 2 x 2 minor matrices in the above matrix.

Rank of the given matrix is 2.

Question 4 :
Solution :

Then A is a matrix of order 3 × 3. So ρ (A) min {3, 3} = 3. The highest order


of minors of A is 3 .

By finding determinant of given matrix, we get

= 1(-4 + 6) + 2(-2 + 30) + 3(2 - 20)

= 1(2) + 2(28) + 3(-18)

= 2 + 56 - 54

= 58 - 54

|A| = 4 ≠ 0

Hence the rank of the given matrix is 3.

Question 5 :
Solution :

Then A is a matrix of order 3 × 4. So ρ (A) min {3, 4} = 3. The highest order


of minors of A is 3 .

By finding determinant of given matrix, we get

0(0 - 4) - 1(0-32) + 2(0-16)

= 0 - 1(-32) + 2(-16)

= 32 - 32

= 0

= 1(8-0) - 2(4-3) + 1(0-4)

= 8 - 2(1) + 1(-4)

= 8-2-4

= 8-6

= 2≠0

Hence the rank of the given matrix is 3.

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