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IBA previous Written Question

Focus Writing

01.Write an Essay on “Covid-19 Impact on the Economy of Bangladesh’ [10

Marks]-Not Necessary now…Replace [Russia-Ukraine War Impact on
Economy of Bangladesh]-See Sheet
02.Write a short essay on "Affordable and Clean energy". You should write at
least * 150 words.
Solution:

Affordable and clean energy is a pivotal cornerstone in the global pursuit of

sustainable development. It represents a dual commitment: making energy
accessible to all while mitigating environmental impact. Access to affordable
energy is crucial for economic growth, poverty eradication, and improving living
standards. However, traditional energy sources often come with environmental
costs like pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Transitioning to clean energy
sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power addresses these ecological
concerns and fosters energy security and resilience.

The shift towards affordable and clean energy requires concerted efforts from
governments, businesses, and individuals. Policies supporting renewable energy
deployment, investment in research and development of clean energy
technologies, and fostering international cooperation are imperative.
Additionally, promoting energy efficiency measures and raising awareness about
sustainable consumption patterns are equally vital.

Achieving affordable and clean energy is an environmental imperative and an

economic opportunity. It stimulates innovation, creates jobs in the renewable
energy sector, and enhances energy independence. By prioritising affordability

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and cleanliness in our energy systems, we pave the way for a more sustainable
and equitable future for future generations.

03.Write a short essay on 'The Challenges of Achieving Middle Income Country

Status of Bangladesh'. (15 )
Solution:

Despite remarkable progress, Bangladesh faces several challenges on its path

towards achieving middle-income country status. One of the foremost hurdles is its
population density, which strains resources and infrastructure development.
Additionally, the country grapples with frequent natural disasters like cyclones and
floods, exacerbating poverty and hindering sustainable growth.

Economic disparities, inadequate healthcare, and education systems also pose

significant challenges. While the economy has experienced robust growth, income
inequality remains high, hindering inclusive development. Moreover, investing in
human capital is crucial for sustained growth, yet access to quality education and
healthcare services remains limited, particularly in rural areas.

Infrastructure bottlenecks, including inadequate transport networks and power

shortages, impede productivity and hinder investment. Addressing these challenges
requires substantial investment in infrastructure development and efficient
governance.

Furthermore, Bangladesh faces environmental degradation and climate change

threats, which jeopardise its agricultural productivity and exacerbate poverty.

Overcoming these challenges demands comprehensive strategies focusing on

inclusive growth, human development, infrastructure enhancement, and climate
resilience. Effective governance, strong public-private partnerships, and
international cooperation are crucial in navigating the complexities of Bangladesh's
journey towards middle-income country status.

03.রচনা লিখুন : জলিবাদ দমনন পলরবানরর ভূ লমকা। [10]

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GK
General Knowledge (Marks: 5 × 3 = 15)
Answer the following question:
a. Which party won the elections in Pakistan in 1970 but was not allowed to
form a government?
Answer: Awami League
b. 'Hutu' is the prominent tribe of which country?
Answer: Rwanda, Burundi and the Demographic Republic of Congo.
c. Which movie won the Best Picture Oscar Award 2024? [update]
Answer: Oppenheimer
d. Which tennis tournament is played on a clay court?
Answer: French Open
e. Which is the operator company of Dhaka Metro Rail?
Answer: Dhaka Mass Transit Company Limited (DMTCL)
Answer the following question:
a. How many countries use the Euro currency?
Ans: The Euro currency is used by 20 EU countries and 6 non-EU countries.
b. The Cold Stream Guards is the oldest continuously serving regiment in the
Army. Which country does it belong to?
Ans: UK.
c. CIA, the intelligence agency of the USA, was founded in which year?
Ans: In 1947.
d. Who was the first Viceroy of India?
Ans: Lord Canning.
e. Riksdage is the name of the parliament of which country?
Ans: Sweden.

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Translation
1. Translate the following paragraph into Bangla:
Not many people thought the Covid-19 pandemic would hit us as badly as it did.
Most of us thought it would go away sooner rather than later and that lockdown was
an opportunity to do chores at home or get some rest. But, in reality, the pandemic
has changed the world forever. It sheds light on multiple aspects of the day-to-day
workplace that could and will change and boost online sales to give highs at all times.
Solution:
ক োভিড-১৯ মহোমোরী আমোদের এতটো দ োরিোদে আঘোত রদে তো খুে ম কলো ই কিদেভিল।
আমোদের অভি োাংশই কিদেভিলোম এভট দ্রুতই চদল যোদে এোং ল ডোউন ভিল েোভ়িদত োজ রোর
েো ভেশ্রোম কনওযোর এ ভট সু দযোগ। ভ ন্তু েোস্তদে, মহোমোরী ভচরতদর পৃভিেীদ েেদল ভেদযদি। এভট
দেনভিন মমদেদের ভেভিন্ন ভেদ র উপর আদলো পোত দরদি যো পভরেতমন রদত পোদর এোং
পভরেতমন রদে এোং সদেমোচ্চ উচ্চতোয অনলোইন ভেক্রযদ েোভ়িদয তুলদে।

2. Translate the following paragraph into English:

যু ক্তরোদে েোাংলোদেশী খোেযপণ্য যোওযো শুরু হদযদি অননকলদন হনিা। কযানজুস, মযানিা বার ও লবস্কুট
রপ্তালনর জার মাধ্যনম সসখানন রপ্তালন কার্যক্রম শুরু হয়। এরপর সেনক ক্রনমই র্ু ক্তরানে বাাংিানদলি
পনযযর চালহদা বাড়নে োনক । এখন উপমহানদনির জনন াষ্ঠী ছাড়াও আনমলরকায় বসবাসকারী
সমলিকান, ইউনরালপয়ানসহ লবলভন্ন সদনির মানু নের কানছ এসব পযয জনলিয় হনয় উঠনছ।

Solution:
The export of Bangladeshi food products to the United States many years ago. The
initial exports were canned goods, mango bars, and biscuits. Since then, the demand
for Bangladeshi products in the United States has steadily increased. These products
are now famous not only among the South Asian population but also among
Mexicans, Europeans, and people from other countries residing in the United States.

3. Translate the following paragraph into Bangla:

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In Bangladesh, nowadays, 80% of people have access to power facilities, whereas it

was only 20% of people in 2000. Though natural gas is the primary raw material for
power generation, the use of renewable energy like hydropower, solar and wind
power is being increased. Recently, Bangladesh has introduced a new 'Energy
Policy' through which it is proceeding towards renewable sources of power. [5
Marks]
Solution:
েোাংলোদেদশ েতমমোদন ৮০% কলো ভেেু যৎ সু ভেিো পোদে, যো ২০০০ সোদল ভিল মোে ২০%। যভেও
প্রো ৃ ভত গযোস ভেেু যৎ উৎপোেদনর প্রিোন োাঁচোমোল, তদে জলভেেু যৎ, কসৌর ও েোযু শভক্তর মদতো
নেোযনদযোগয শভক্তর েযেহোর েো়িদি। সম্প্রভত, েোাংলোদেশ নতুন 'শভক্ত নীভত' চোলু দরদি, যোর
মোিযদম এভট নেোযনদযোগয শভক্তর উৎদসর ভেদ এভগদয যোদে।

Argument Writing
1. Some people believe that international sporting events are an opportunity to show
the world the qualities of the hosting nation. Others believe that these events are
mainly a sizeable, unjustifiable expense. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Use your ideas, knowledge, and experience and support your opinion with examples
and relevant evidence. You should write about 150 words.
2. Some people believe that computers are more a hindrance than a help in
today's world. Others feel that they are such indispensable tools that they would
not be able to live or work without them. To what extent do you agree or
disagree with these statements? You should write at least 100 words. Use your
ideas, knowledge, and experience and support your arguments with examples
and with relevant evidence.
Solution:
The debate over whether computers are more of a hindrance or a help in today's
world hinges on their pervasive influence across various spheres of life. While some
argue that over-reliance on computers can lead to decreased human interaction and
dependency, others highlight their indispensable role in modern life.

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On one hand, excessive screen time and reliance on computers for tasks like
communication and information retrieval can potentially detract from face-to-face
interactions, leading to social isolation. Moreover, issues like cyberbullying and data
breaches underscore the darker side of computer usage.
On the other hand, computers have revolutionised industries, enhancing productivity
and efficiency. They enable seamless global communication, facilitate rapid access
to vast amounts of information, and power complex scientific research and analysis.
For instance, in healthcare, computers aid in diagnosing diseases and developing
life-saving treatments. In education, they provide access to online learning
resources, breaking down geographical barriers to education.
Ultimately, while computers come with their drawbacks, their transformative
potential in advancing society cannot be denied. Striking a balance between
leveraging their benefits while mitigating their negative impacts is critical to
harnessing the full potential of computers in today's world.

Letter/Application
1. ালড় চািাননার সময় আপনার একলট সছাট দু র্টয না র্নটনছ। কখন, সকাোয়, লকভানব র্নটনছ এবাং
দু র্যটনার পর আপলন লক কনরনছন সস সম্পনকয ালড়র বীমা ১৯৯০ সকাম্পালননক একলট লচলঠ লিখুন।

য ক্ষনক একলট লচলঠ লিখুন। [See

2. যানসর লিনপইড লমটার স্থাপননর অনু নরাধ্ জালননয় সাংলিষ্ট কেতপ
letter Sheet]

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3. Your subordinate employee often comes to the office late. Write a show
cause letter explaining the late arrival.

Sol:

3/5/2024
Mr. Kawser Ahmed [Employee]

The HR Manager [Authority]

Subject: Show Cause Notice for Late Arrival at Office.

Dear,
It has come to my attention that you have consistently arrived late to work
recently. Your repeated tardiness is a violation of company policy and is
disrupting your team's workflow. As per company policy, employees are
expected to arrive at the office by 9 A.M each morning. Your recent arrival
times have been as follows:
* [25/2/2024] - [9:40 A.M]
* [2/03/2024] - [10:00 A.M]
* [1/04/2024] - [10:00 A.M]

This pattern of delay is unacceptable and reflects poorly on your

professionalism and commitment to your work. Therefore, you are directed
to show cause within 07 days from the date of this notice why disciplinary
action should not be taken against you for your repeated late arrivals. Your

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response should explain the reasons for your delay and outline any steps you
will take to ensure that you arrive at work on time.

Please note that failure to respond to this notice within the specified timeframe
will be considered an admission of guilt and may result in disciplinary action,
up to and including termination of your employment.

Sincerely,
Joyonto Halder
HR Manager
Rahim knitwear ltd

Short Notes (10)

OPEC

OPEC, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, is a crucial

international organisation formed in 1960 by oil-producing nations. OPEC's primary
goal is to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries to
ensure stable oil markets, secure a steady income for member nations, and provide
a reliable supply of petroleum to consumers. As of 2024, OPEC has 12 member
countries, including major oil producers like Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Venezuela,
and Nigeria. These countries collectively possess a significant portion of the world's
proven oil reserves. OPEC decisions, including production levels and pricing
policies, are made through consensus among its member nations. Regular meetings,
such as the OPEC Conference, are held to discuss and decide on matters of oil
production and market dynamics. OPEC wields considerable influence over global
oil prices due to its collective production capacity and market share. Production
quotas set by OPEC often impact oil prices, affecting economies worldwide. OPEC
faces challenges such as geopolitical tensions, fluctuations in global oil demand,
competition from non-OPEC producers, and the transition to renewable energy

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sources, which could potentially reduce reliance on fossil fuels. OPEC occasionally
cooperates with non-OPEC oil-producing nations, such as Russia, through
agreements like the OPEC+ alliance to stabilise oil markets and manage production
levels. Overall, OPEC plays a central role in shaping the dynamics of the global oil
industry and remains a significant player in the energy sector.

b. FIFA World Cup 2022 [Not Necessary]

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