Yarmouk University

Civil Engineering Department

Construction Project Management
CE 570

Names :
‫فرح العموش‬
‫وسن غرايبة‬
‫اميرة االبراهيم‬
‫سعد العازمي‬
‫يوسف العازمي‬
Daniel woolman
 Introuduction:

Jordan’s infrastructure is fundamental to its development, enabling economic growth,

improving quality of life, and enhancing regional connectivity. Despite facing challenges such
as limited natural resources and regional instability, Jordan has made significant strides in
developing critical infrastructure to meet the needs of its people and economy.
Transportation networks connect major urban areas and provide vital links to neighboring
countries, while water infrastructure addresses severe scarcity issues, positioning Jordan as a
leader in water management innovation. Additionally, investments in energy diversification,
particularly through renewable resources, and advancements in digital infrastructure are
helping Jordan build resilience and adaptability in a rapidly changing world. As Jordan
continues to prioritize sustainable infrastructure development, it is poised to strengthen its
role as a stable and connected nation in the Middle East.

The main types of infrastructure in Jordan include:

What is infrastructure?
1. Transportation Infrastructure
 Road Networks: Roads are the backbone of Jordan’s transportation system, connecting
major cities and facilitating trade with neighboring countries. Despite the robust network,
congestion, especially in urban centers like Amman, remains an issue.
 Public Transportation: Jordan is investing in public transportation projects like the
Amman Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) to reduce traffic congestion and provide efficient
transport options for residents.
 Rail: Though limited, there are plans to establish a national railway network to enhance
cargo and passenger transport, potentially connecting Jordan with regional rail systems.
  Ports: The Port of Aqaba is Jordan’s only maritime access, handling most of its imports
and exports and serving as a regional logistics hub.

2. Water Infrastructure
 Water Supply and Conveyance: Due to its extreme water scarcity, Jordan has
implemented large-scale projects like the Disi Water Conveyance Project to supply water
to Amman from southern aquifers.
 Wastewater Treatment: Jordan is increasingly investing in wastewater treatment and
recycling to reduce dependence on freshwater sources, with advanced facilities that
recycle water for agricultural and industrial use.
 Desalination and Future Projects: The Red Sea-Dead Sea desalination project is a
major future initiative to provide Jordan with a sustainable water supply and alleviate
water scarcity issues.

3. Energy Infrastructure
 Renewable Energy: Jordan has invested heavily in renewable energy projects, with solar
and wind farms contributing significantly to the energy grid. The Tafila Wind Farm and
numerous solar plants have reduced the country’s reliance on imported energy.
 Oil and Gas Infrastructure: While still reliant on imported oil and gas, Jordan has built
pipelines and terminals to secure stable energy imports.
 Future Nuclear Plans: The government is exploring nuclear energy to meet growing
energy demands and enhance energy security.

4. Digital Infrastructure
 Internet and Mobile Networks: Jordan has high internet penetration and well-developed
mobile networks, with coverage in most urban and rural areas. This infrastructure has
been pivotal in supporting Jordan’s growing tech and outsourcing sectors.
  Broadband Services: Investments in fiber-optic infrastructure are expanding broadband
access, particularly in cities, to support digital transformation and economic
diversification.
 Technology Hubs and Innovation: The digital infrastructure supports a budding tech
scene, especially in Amman, where startups and innovation hubs are creating jobs and
driving economic growth.

5. Educational and Healthcare Infrastructure

 Schools and Universities: Jordan has made strides in expanding access to education
through a network of schools and public and private universities, many of which attract
students from across the region.
 Healthcare Facilities: Healthcare infrastructure includes a mix of public and private
hospitals and clinics, with leading facilities in Amman. The government continues to
invest in healthcare to improve accessibility and quality of care.

6. Telecommunication and Information Technology Infrastructure

 Communication Networks: The telecom sector is well-established, with major providers
offering competitive services. This infrastructure plays a vital role in economic growth,
particularly in e-commerce and telemedicine.
  Data Centers: To support digital economy goals, Jordan has invested in data centers that
enable cloud computing and other IT services, positioning the country as a regional data
hub.

7. Tourism Infrastructure
 Cultural and Heritage Sites: Infrastructure around iconic sites like Petra, Wadi Rum,
and the Dead Sea has been enhanced to support Jordan’s tourism industry.
 Hospitality and Accommodation: Investments in hotels, resorts, and eco-lodges across
the country support Jordan’s goal of attracting international and regional tourists, which
is a key contributor to the economy.

8. Goal : Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focuses on developing resilient

infrastructure, fostering innovation, and promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization.
Infrastructure—like transport systems, clean energy, and digital networks—serves as the
backbone of economic growth, enabling access to markets, job creation, and improved quality of
life. This goal also aims to make industries more sustainable, encouraging companies to adopt
cleaner and more efficient technologies, reduce emissions, and improve resource-use efficiency.

Innovation is a critical component, driving technological advancements, new solutions, and

productivity growth. Goal promotes investment in research and development (R&D) to address
global challenges, such as climate change and food security. It also supports the growth of small-
scale and local industries, ensuring that they have access to financial services, knowledge, and
markets, which helps reduce poverty and inequality.

To achieve these aims, Goal encourages collaboration between governments, private companies,
and research institutions, promoting policies and partnerships that create favorable environments
for industrial diversification and technological progress. By advancing sustainable infrastructure,
inclusive industrialization, and innovation, Goal contributes directly to economic development,
environmental sustainability, and social inclusion.

9. Jordan's Efforts to Achieve Goals

More Information on Jordan’s Infrastructure and SDG 9 Progress
Digital Transformation and E-Government Initiatives
Jordan has been working to digitize its government services, ensuring that citizens have easy
access to public services and information through online portals and platforms. One of the key
projects is the Jordan Digital Transformation initiative, which is designed to streamline public
sector operations, improve service delivery, and boost government transparency. This includes
digital services for health, education, finance, and utilities. Through these efforts, Jordan is
aiming to build a Digital Economy that drives innovation, job creation, and new economic
opportunities, particularly for its younger population.
Key Projects:
e-Government Portal: Provides access to more than 1,000 public services online.
Digital Jordan 2025: A strategic initiative focused on transforming Jordan into a regional digital
hub by leveraging information technology and telecommunications infrastructure.
Smart Cities Development
Jordan is actively developing smart cities that use digital technologies and data to improve
urban living, infrastructure management, and service delivery. Projects like the King Hussein
Business Park (KHBP) and the Al-Balqa Smart City aim to make urban areas more efficient,
sustainable, and technologically advanced. These cities integrate IoT (Internet of Things)
solutions to enhance infrastructure management, public safety, energy use, waste management,
and transportation systems.
Examples:
King Hussein Business Park: A technology park that houses startups, incubators, and high-tech
companies. It aims to become a hub for innovation and technology development.
Al-Balqa Smart City: A green development that incorporates sustainable design, renewable
energy solutions, and data-driven systems for managing city functions.
Renewable Energy Investments
Jordan has placed a significant emphasis on increasing its renewable energy capacity to reduce
dependence on imported fuels and to foster a sustainable energy future.
The government has established ambitious targets for solar and wind energy projects, which are
rapidly being realized with the help of foreign investment and technological partnerships.
Notable Projects:
Ma'an Solar Power Plant: One of the largest solar projects in the country, this plant is part of
Jordan's strategy to produce 30% of its energy from renewables by 2030.
Tafila Wind Farm: The first commercial wind farm in Jordan, it contributes significantly to the
country's wind energy goals.
Jordanian Wind and Solar Energy Projects: Jordan has a high potential for solar and wind
energy due to its geographical location, and many of its renewable energy projects are among the
first in the region.
Water and Irrigation Infrastructure
Due to its semi-arid climate, Jordan faces significant challenges in managing water resources.
The government has implemented a range of initiatives aimed at ensuring water security,
including investments in water recycling, wastewater treatment, and efficient irrigation
systems.
Key Projects:
Red Sea-Dead Sea Water Conveyance Project: This innovative project will channel water
from the Red Sea to the Dead Sea to provide much-needed water to Jordan and other neighboring
countries, while also addressing environmental challenges in the Dead Sea region.
Khirbet As-Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant: One of the largest water treatment facilities
in the region, providing clean water for agricultural and industrial purposes.
Entrepreneurship and Innovation Ecosystem
Jordan has established itself as a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship in the Middle East,
thanks to its strategic location, growing digital infrastructure, and vibrant startup ecosystem. The
government has rolled out several initiatives to support small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs), with a focus on tech startups, green innovations, and renewable energy solutions.
Key Initiatives:
Zain Innovation Campus (ZINC): A business incubator that provides support for startups in the
tech industry, offering funding, mentorship, and resources to help them scale.

Startup Jordan: A government-led program that provides resources and funding opportunities
to tech startups and innovators.
Queen Rania Center for Entrepreneurship (QRCE): An initiative supporting the development
of new businesses, particularly those led by women and youth, in various sectors including
technology, agriculture, and healthcare.
Industrial Zones and Economic Diversification
Jordan’s strategy to diversify its economy and reduce reliance on specific industries, such as oil
and gas, is focused on developing new industrial sectors. By establishing Industrial
Zones across the country, Jordan is encouraging foreign investment and fostering local industrial
production. These zones are equipped with modern infrastructure, tax incentives, and specialized
facilities to attract investors.
Industrial Zones:
Jordan Valley and Aqaba Industrial Zones: These areas focus on key sectors such
as pharmaceuticals, textiles, renewable energy, and electronics. Aqaba is also positioning
itself as a key logistics hub in the region.
Al-Mafraq Industrial Zone: This is a key zone that focuses on promoting manufacturing
activities and job creation, especially for rural populations.
Regional and International Trade
Jordan has actively pursued regional and international trade agreements to promote its industrial
and economic growth. As a member of several regional and international trade blocs, including
the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) and the World Trade Organization (WTO),
Jordan is positioning itself as a gateway for trade in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
region.
Key Trade Agreements:
GAFTA: Helps Jordan increase its access to neighboring markets.
Jordan-EU Free Trade Agreement: Facilitates better trade relations with European Union
countries.

Education and Workforce Development

Jordan’s investment in education and vocational training is helping to develop a skilled
workforce that is ready for the challenges of a modern, industrialized economy. The
government’s focus on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Mathematics) education ensures that the next generation of workers is prepared for the demands
of emerging industries, particularly in technology, renewable energy, and manufacturing.
Key Programs:
Vocational Training Corporation (VTC): Provides specialized training in sectors such
as IT, engineering, and renewable energy.
 Jordan has made substantial progress toward achieving Goal by improving its
infrastructure, promoting sustainable industrialization, and encouraging innovation.
Here are some of the key initiatives Jordan has undertaken:

1. Infrastructure Development and Smart Cities

Jordan has made considerable advancements in infrastructure, particularly in transportation and
urban development. The country has focused on upgrading and expanding road networks, public
transportation systems, and logistics infrastructure to facilitate trade and regional integration.
Additionally, Jordan has embarked on the development of “smart cities,” such as the King
Hussein Business Park and Al-Balqa Governorate’s Smart City project, which use cutting-
edge technologies like IoT (Internet of Things) to improve urban management and services.
These initiatives are designed to improve connectivity, reduce congestion, and foster the
adoption of sustainable technologies.

2. Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency

Jordan has made significant strides in the energy sector, focusing on renewable energy to
diversify its energy sources and reduce reliance on imported fuel. The country is investing in
large-scale solar and wind projects, such as the Ma'an Solar Power Plant and Tafila Wind
Farm. These projects aim to increase the share of renewable energy in Jordan’s energy mix and
reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Jordan also has a National Energy Efficiency Action Plan,
which promotes energy-saving technologies and practices in industries and households,
contributing to the country’s sustainable development goals.

3. Industrial Development and Diversification

The Jordanian government has implemented various strategies to diversify its industrial base and
enhance its manufacturing capabilities. This includes the creation of Industrial Zones,
particularly in the Jordan Valley and Aqaba, where industries such as pharmaceuticals, textiles,
and technology are being developed. The aim is to transform Jordan into a regional industrial
hub by encouraging foreign investment and supporting local industries with advanced
technologies and sustainable practices.

The Jordan Industrial Estates Corporation (JIEC) plays a key role in establishing industrial
parks and promoting the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). These parks
offer tax incentives and access to infrastructure, which is crucial for boosting manufacturing
output and creating jobs, especially for youth and women.

4. Supporting Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Jordan’s entrepreneurial ecosystem is growing rapidly, with numerous initiatives aimed at
supporting innovation and startup businesses. The government has been fostering an
environment conducive to innovation by creating programs such as Innovation in Business and
Technology (IBT) and Startup Jordan. These programs provide mentorship, funding, and
resources to startups, helping them scale and commercialize their innovative ideas.

Jordan is also home to several incubators and accelerators, such as Zain Innovation Campus
(ZINC) and The Queen Rania Center for Entrepreneurship (QRCE), which provide young
entrepreneurs with the tools, networks, and skills necessary to turn their ideas into successful
ventures. Furthermore, the Jordanian government has implemented policies to promote Research
& Development (R&D) in key sectors, including agriculture, information technology, and
renewable energy, facilitating the growth of knowledge-based industries.

5. Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)

Jordan has recognized the importance of public-private partnerships in driving development,
especially in infrastructure and industrial projects. Through these partnerships, the government
has been able to leverage private sector expertise and investment to improve public services,
such as transportation networks and healthcare facilities. Notable PPP initiatives include the
development of the Aqaba Container Terminal, which has transformed the port into a regional
trade hub, and the Jordanian Water Company which aims to improve water distribution
systems across the country.

6. Education and Skill Development for the Future Workforce

To ensure that the workforce is prepared for the demands of a modern, innovative economy,
Jordan is investing in education and skill development. This includes updating curricula in
schools and universities to emphasize science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM), as well as creating vocational training programs aimed at building skills in sectors like
information technology, renewable energy, and advanced manufacturing. Partnerships between
universities and industries also promote knowledge transfer, research, and innovation.

7. Regional and International Cooperation

Jordan has been working on regional integration, especially with neighboring countries, to foster
economic development and industrial growth. It has signed various agreements to enhance trade,
technological exchange, and infrastructure projects with countries in the Middle East and North
Africa (MENA) region. Jordan’s involvement in regional trade agreements, such as the Greater
Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA), strengthens its industrial base and opens new markets for its
industries.
9. Renewable Energy Projects
Jordan has made significant strides in renewable energy, particularly with solar and wind power
projects. Key examples include the Maan Solar Park and the Tafila Wind Farm. These projects
help reduce dependence on fossil fuels, provide clean energy for industries, and contribute to
building a sustainable energy infrastructure.

10. Digital Infrastructure and Digital Transformation

Jordan is undergoing a digital transformation to support innovation and enhance infrastructure.
Initiatives like Jordan Digital Transformation aim to digitize government services, improve
internet accessibility, and develop robust digital infrastructure to facilitate e-commerce, support
digital startups, and streamline industrial processes.

11. Transportation and Logistics Infrastructure

Jordan is investing in transportation infrastructure to improve connectivity and logistics. Projects
like the National Railway Project aim to link various regions of the country, making it easier and
more cost-effective to transport goods and raw materials. This development is crucial for
enhancing the competitiveness of Jordan’s manufacturing sector and integrating with regional
markets.
12. Technical and Vocational Training
To support industrial growth, Jordan has invested in vocational training programs that provide
practical skills aligned with industry demands. Programs like those by the Vocational Training
Corporation and partnerships with the private sector ensure that young people acquire the
technical skills needed to excel in industrial and manufacturing roles.

13. Support for Agricultural Innovation and Smart Farming

Jordan is promoting smart farming technologies to make agriculture more efficient and
sustainable. Projects involving hydroponics and vertical farming use innovative techniques to
grow food in limited spaces and under challenging conditions, contributing to food security and
sustainable industrial practices.

14. Promotion of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Jordan has established innovation incubators and business accelerators to support startups and
encourage entrepreneurship, especially in the tech and industrial sectors. Initiatives like the
Jordan Innovation Fund provide financial support to startups and small businesses, fostering a
culture of innovation that contributes to sustainable development.

15. Water Infrastructure and Recycling Projects

Given Jordan’s water scarcity, there are ongoing projects for water recycling and wastewater
treatment. The Khirbet As-Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant is a major project that treats
wastewater for reuse in agriculture and industry, ensuring sustainable water management that
supports infrastructure and manufacturing needs.
16. Advancing Sustainable Tourism
Jordan’s rich history and cultural heritage make tourism a significant sector in its economy.
Efforts to promote sustainable tourism include eco-tourism projects and the preservation of
historical sites such as Petra, Jerash, and Wadi Rum. Programs like the Royal Society for the
Conservation of Nature (RSCN) promote responsible tourism by creating protected areas and
offering eco-friendly accommodations. Sustainable tourism not only preserves natural and
cultural resources but also generates local employment, especially in rural areas.

17. Green Building and Sustainable Architecture

The shift toward sustainable construction practices is gaining momentum in Jordan, particularly
in urban centers. Green building initiatives, such as using energy-efficient materials and
renewable energy systems, are becoming integral to infrastructure development. Projects like
the Jordan Green Building Council promote sustainable architecture by establishing certification
systems and guidelines for energy-efficient designs. These efforts reduce environmental impact
and improve energy efficiency in urban development.

18. Industrial Sustainability Initiatives

Jordan is taking steps to align its industries with global sustainability standards. This includes
promoting circular economy principles, where waste is minimized, and resources are reused.
For instance, industries in the Zarqa Free Zone and Aqaba Special Economic Zone are exploring
sustainable practices like resource optimization and waste recycling. Policies encouraging green
manufacturing and cleaner production techniques help Jordan move toward a more
environmentally friendly industrial sector.

19. Strengthening Resilience against Climate Change

Jordan faces significant climate challenges, including water scarcity and rising temperatures. To
address these issues, the government has launched climate resilience projects such as the
National Climate Change Adaptation Plan. This plan includes measures like drought-resistant
agriculture, afforestation, and improved water conservation techniques. Additionally,
partnerships with international organizations help fund projects aimed at mitigating climate-
related risks and enhancing environmental resilience.
20. Youth and Women Empowerment in Industry
Recognizing the untapped potential of youth and women, Jordan has initiated programs to
increase their participation in industrial and entrepreneurial sectors. Organizations like the
Jordanian National Commission for Women (JNCW) and USAID support training programs that
equip women with technical skills for careers in engineering, technology, and manufacturing.
Similarly, initiatives like "Youth for the Future" offer young people opportunities to learn about
emerging industries and foster innovation.

21. Strengthening Regional Trade and Economic Integration

Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, making it a vital
trade hub. Through initiatives such as the Arab Gas Pipeline project and agreements under the
Agadir Agreement, Jordan is enhancing regional trade connectivity. Additionally, the
development of logistics and transportation corridors supports economic integration with
neighboring countries, boosting industrial output and export potential.

22. Expanding Renewable Energy Capacity

Building on projects like the Maan Solar Park and Tafila Wind Farm, Jordan is working to expand
its renewable energy capacity further. The Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Fund
(JREEEF) supports small and medium-sized projects for households, businesses, and industries.
Rooftop solar installations and community solar programs are also being scaled up to ensure
energy access in remote areas while reducing reliance on imported fuels.

23. Digital Skill Development and E-Governance

Jordan’s focus on digital transformation includes not only infrastructure upgrades but also
training programs to enhance digital literacy. Initiatives like the National ICT Strategy emphasize
equipping the workforce with skills in programming, cybersecurity, and data analytics.
Simultaneously, the government is enhancing e-governance by digitizing public services,
reducing bureaucracy, and improving service delivery.

24. Innovation in Water Management

Water scarcity is one of Jordan's most pressing challenges. Innovative solutions, such as
desalination projects and smart irrigation systems, are being implemented to address this issue.
Projects like the Red Sea-Dead Sea Water Conveyance aim to provide sustainable water
solutions while supporting regional cooperation. Research on water-saving technologies in
agriculture further enhances Jordan’s ability to optimize its scarce water resources.
25. Research and Development in Priority Sectors
Jordan has prioritized investment in research and development (R&D) to drive innovation across
key sectors like agriculture, renewable energy, and biotechnology. Universities and research
centers collaborate with international organizations to address challenges such as food security,
energy efficiency, and disease prevention. Funding programs and tax incentives for private R&D
initiatives encourage innovation, positioning Jordan as a knowledge-driven economy.
 CONCLUSION:

Jordan's efforts toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9 are multifaceted
and reflect the country's commitment to transforming its infrastructure, industry, and
technological landscape. Through strategic investments in renewable energy, digital
transformation, sustainable tourism, and industrial diversification, Jordan is positioning itself as
a leading example of sustainability and innovation in the Middle East. The development of
"smart cities," renewable energy projects, and infrastructure enhancements are shaping the
future of the country, ensuring that growth is both inclusive and environmentally responsible.
Furthermore, Jordan's focus on fostering innovation and entrepreneurship is pivotal for long-
term economic success. By supporting startups, advancing education, and improving digital and
technical skills, Jordan is nurturing a generation of entrepreneurs and innovators who can drive
the nation forward. The country’s commitment to enhancing public-private partnerships (PPP)
has played a key role in mobilizing investment and expertise in critical sectors like infrastructure,
water management, and renewable energy.
However, challenges remain, particularly regarding regional instability, water scarcity, and
resource limitations. Despite these obstacles, Jordan continues to forge ahead with policies that
promote resilience, sustainability, and regional cooperation. Through its efforts in sustainable
infrastructure, clean energy initiatives, and industrial diversification, Jordan is laying the
foundation for a more prosperous, sustainable, and inclusive future.
By continuing to align its policies with the SDG framework and focusing on innovation,
collaboration, and sustainable growth, Jordan can maintain its trajectory toward achieving not
only SDG 9 but other complementary goals that will improve quality of life for its citizens,
promote economic diversification, and serve as a model for neighboring countries.
 References:

1. United Nations in Jordan

2. Jordan Strategy Forum (JSF)
3. World Bank – Jordan Overview
4. Jordan Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Fund (JREEEF)
5. Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Jordan
6. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) - Jordan
7. Zain Innovation Campus (ZINC)
8. The Economic and Social Council of Jordan
9. Jordan Times
10. Jordan Green Building Council (JGBC)