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17 Multiple choice questions

Definition 1 of 34
15000 action potentials per minute

identify which of the following shows the changes in electrical charge on the inner side of the plasma membrane
during the transmission of a nerve impulse through a nerve fiber

determine how many action potentials could occur in 1 minute if they continued to be sent down a neuron at a
constant rate. use the information on the oscilloscope image below

determine the correct sequence of events that occur at a synapse during transmission of an action potential
A. voltage-gated Ca+ channels open
B. Ca+ diffuses into the presynaptic knob
C. action potential arrives at presynaptic membrane
D. vesicles containing acetylcholine move towards the presynaptic membrane
E. neurotransmitter is released in the synaptic cleft
F. vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane

based on the graph below, how would you describe the relationship between conduction velocity of nerve
impulses and axon diameter?

Term 2 of 34
identify which of the following shows the changes in electrical charge on the inner side of the plasma membrane during
the transmission of a nerve impulse through a nerve fiber

a larger axon diameter leads to faster conduction speed

they originate outside the body

the nodes of ranvier

negative → positive→ negative

Term 3 of 34
what is an emergent property?

a property that is produced by the interactions between individual components of a system

a property that exists independently of the system's components

a property that is solely determined by the largest component

a property that can only be observed in isolated components

Term 4 of 34
identify which of the following changes in the presynaptic neuron would cause an action potential to be generated in
the postsynaptic neuron

a larger axon diameter leads to faster conduction speed

action potentials occur only when the postsynaptic neuron is at rest

inhibition of neurotransmitter release causes action potentials

depolarization at the axon hillock exceeds the threshold for excitation

Term 5 of 34
what is the main difference between resting potentials and action potentials based on their oscilloscope traces?

action potentials are characterized by a gradual increase in voltage

action potentials have a rapid depolarization phase

resting potentials fluctuate wildly in their traces

resting potentials have a rapid depolarization phase

Term 6 of 34
which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving and generating an electrical impulse and passing it to the cell
body?

dopamine

the axon hillock

the dendrites

the axons

Term 7 of 34
what is the main reason that nerve impulses are considered electrical signals?

they are caused by the release of neurotransmitters

they occur only in the absence of ion movement

they are purely chemical signals without electrical activity

they involve the movement of positively charged ions

Term 8 of 34
identify which of the following statements correctly links a type of receptor with its corresponding type of perception

ruffini receptors detect temperature changes

ruffini receptors are responsible for detecting pain

ruffini receptors only respond to light touch

ruffini receptors detect skin stretch and continuous pressure

Term 9 of 34
identify which of the following statements is true regarding the diameter of an axon and the speed of nerve impulse
conduction

axon diameter only affects the strength of the signal

a larger axon diameter leads to faster conduction speed

axon diameter has no effect on conduction speed

a smaller axon diameter leads to slower conduction speed

Term 10 of 34
identify the neurotransmitter that is involved in the regulation of mood, appetite, and sleep, and acts on both excitatory
and inhibitory receptors in the brain

serotonin

endorphins

calcium

dopamine

Term 11 of 34
excess acetylcholine in the synaptic space is broken down into choline and acetate by acetylcholinesterase. what
happens to the choline?

the choline is converted into serotonin

the choline is reabsorbed back into the presynaptic neuron

the choline is stored in the postsynaptic neuron

the choline is released into the bloodstream

Definition 12 of 34
a strong positive correlation

based on the graph below, how would you describe the relationship between conduction velocity of nerve
impulses and axon diameter?

what is the main difference between resting potentials and action potentials based on their oscilloscope traces?

identify which of the following shows the changes in electrical charge on the inner side of the plasma membrane
during the transmission of a nerve impulse through a nerve fiber

which of the following nerve fibers would be expected to transmit signals the fastest?

Term 13 of 34
what generates a nerve impulse on the post-synaptic membrane?

neurotransmitter binding with receptor sites

depolarization

k+ leaking into the post-synaptic membrane

neurotransmitter being removed from the synapse

Term 14 of 34
neonicotinoids are an example of a pesticide that blocks synaptic transmission by binding to which type of receptor?

adrenergic receptors

the dendrites

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

nmda receptor

Term 15 of 34
a scientist conducted an experiment to test the effect of the size of an organism on the speed of conduction of a nerve
impulse. he calculated the R2 value to be (0. 84). identify which of the following the R2 value represents

axons of giant squid

a relationship between two variables

the nodes of ranvier

a strong, positive correlation

 Term 16 of 34
what happens to restore the resting potential after depolarization?

chloride ions are pumped into the neuron to stabilize charge

sodium channels close and sodium ions accumulate inside

the nodes of ranvier

potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron

Term 17 of 34
after hyperpolarization there is a very short period of time during which sodium channels are inactive and it is not
possible for the membrane to be depolarized. what name is given to this period of time?

resting potential

refractory period

the dendrites

depolarization

17 Matching questions

which of the following stimuli can activate the channels for positively 18-34 of 34
A. meissner corpuscles
charged ions in free nerve endings in the skin and cause the perception
B. to transmit electrical
of pain?
impulses away from the
cell body
identify which ion plays a key role in generating an action potential
C. to transmit the electrical
signal along the nerve
there is an influx of which ion into the synaptic knob triggering the fiber
vesicles containing neurotransmitter to move towards the presynaptic
D. myelin sheath
membrane?
E. donates a phosphate
group to the pump
what name is given to the areas of naked axon found in between the
schwann cells of the myelin sheath? F. potassium (K+)

G. they originate outside the

what name is given to the fatty layer surrounding the axon of a neuron
body
that allows for quicker transmission of nerve impulses?
H. depolarization

name the ion that is pumped into the axon to maintain a resting I. capsaicin
potential?
J. summation takes into
consideration both the
what is the main role of ATP in the action of a sodium-potassium pump? excitatory and inhibitory
impulses

what describes the phase of quick entry of sodium ions (Na+) into an K. neuromuscular junction
axon during an action potential?
 L. C, A, B, D, F, E

which of the following nerve fibers would be expected to transmit M. calcium

signals the fastest?
N. dopamine

what is the function of ion channels in the propagation of nerve O. sodium (Na+)
impulses?
P. axons of giant squid

Q. the nodes of ranvier

cocaine is an example of a drug that affects synaptic transmission by
blocking the reuptake of which neurotransmitter?

identify the name for a junction between a neuron and a muscle fiber

determine the correct sequence of events that occur at a synapse during

transmission of an action potential
A. voltage-gated Ca+ channels open
B. Ca+ diffuses into the presynaptic knob
C. action potential arrives at presynaptic membrane
D. vesicles containing acetylcholine move towards the presynaptic
membrane
E. neurotransmitter is released in the synaptic cleft
F. vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane

identify which of the following is true of exogenous substances

identify which of the following is true of summation of an action potential

identify the receptors for fine, discriminative touch and vibration in

human skin

what is the function of an axon in a neuron?

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