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TECHNOLOGY OF SOUTHERN
PHILIPPINES
MASTER SPECIFICATIONS
BY:
JOHN LLOYD M. MACARAYO
BS - ARCHITECTURE
ARCH_3A_1
SEPTEMBER 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DIVISION 1
01200: Price and Payment Procedures - Small Two-Storey Duplex Residential Building 2
01500: Temporary Facilities and Controls - Small Two-Storey Duplex Residential Building 6
DIVISION 2
02050 Basic Site Materials and Methods - Small Duplex Residential Building 12
02700 Bases, Ballast, Pavements, and Appurtenances - Small Duplex Residential Building 19
02800 Site Improvements and Amenities - Small Duplex Residential Building 20
DIVISION 3
03050 Basic Concrete Materials and Methods - Small Duplex Residential Building 23
DIVISION 4
04050 Basic Masonry Materials and Methods - Tiny Duplex Residential Building 29
DIVISION 5
05050 Basic Metal Materials and Methods - Tiny Duplex Residential Building 33
DIVISION 6
DIVISION 7
DIVISION 8
DIVISION 9
DIVISION 10
DIVISION 11
DIVISION 12
DIVISION 13
DIVISION 14
DIVISION 15
DIVISION 16
SPECIFICATIONS WRITING
Division 1
Project Manager:
Owner's Representative:
Submittal requirements: Shop drawings, product data, quality control plans, safety plans,
progress reports
Quality control procedures: Regular inspections and testing
Safety requirements: Compliance with local safety regulations and implementation of a safety
plan
Environmental compliance: Adherence to environmental regulations and guidelines
Any changes to the contract documents shall be issued in the form of a written change order.
Change orders shall include a detailed description of the change, its impact on the contract
price and schedule, and any necessary revisions to the drawings and specifications.
01100.8 - Warranty:
The contractor shall provide a 1-year warranty for all materials, equipment, and workmanship.
The contract price for the Small Two-Storey Duplex Residential Building is ₱2,500,000
(Philippine Pesos).
Estimated completion time: 3 months
Key milestones:
Contingency: It's generally recommended to set aside a contingency fund (usually 5-10% of
the total cost) to cover unexpected expenses.
Hidden Costs: Be aware of potential hidden costs such as permits, inspections, and utility
hookups.
Regional Variations: Costs may vary depending on your location within the Philippines due
to differences in labor rates, material availability, and local regulations.
Labor Rates: Due to the city's economic activity and demand for construction services, labor
rates might be slightly higher than in some rural areas.
Material Costs: While the overall cost of materials is likely similar, specific items might be
more expensive due to transportation costs or local market conditions.
01200.4 - Retainage:
A 10% retainage will be held by the owner until the project is fully completed and accepted.
The retainage will be released in 5 equal installments over a period of 5 months.
Any changes to the contract price resulting from change orders will be calculated based on a
cost-plus-fee method.
The change order will be issued in writing and will include a detailed description of the
change, the impact on the contract price and schedule, and any necessary revisions to the
drawings and specifications.
In the event of a dispute, the parties shall attempt to resolve the matter through negotiation or
mediation.
If a resolution cannot be reached, the dispute shall be submitted to binding arbitration.
01200.7 - Default:
If either party fails to perform its obligations under the contract, the non-defaulting party may
terminate the contract and seek damages.
Payment Schedule: The specific payment schedule may be adjusted based on the project's
progress and the contractor's performance.
Incentives and Penalties: The contract may include incentives for early completion or
penalties for late delivery.
Taxes: The contractor may be responsible for paying applicable taxes and fees.
01300.3 - Correspondence:
All written communications between the owner, contractor, and other parties involved in the
project
01300.4 - Notices:
Notices to proceed
Notices of default
Notices of delay
Notices of completion
01300.5 - Certificates:
01300.6 - Insurance:
01300.7- Bonds:
Performance bond
Payment bond
Accessibility compliance
Labor laws compliance
Electronic Submittal: The contract may require electronic submission of certain documents.
01400.2 - Inspections:
Regular inspections of work in progress by the project manager, owner's representative, and
quality control inspector
Pre-construction inspections to verify site conditions and materials
Final inspections to ensure that the project meets all contract requirements
01400.3 - Testing:
Material testing, including concrete strength, soil bearing capacity, and moisture content
System testing, including plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems
Third-party testing for critical components or materials
01400.4 - Certifications:
Certifications from manufacturers or third-party testing agencies for materials and equipment
Certifications of compliance with applicable building codes, regulations, and standards
Inspection reports
Test results
Quality control records
Nonconforming work reports
Quality Assurance Manager: The contractor may be required to appoint a qualified quality
assurance manager.
Quality Assurance Plan: The contractor may be required to submit a detailed quality
assurance plan.
Quality Assurance Audits: The owner may conduct periodic quality assurance audits to
verify compliance with contract requirements.
01500.2 - Utilities:
01500.3 - Security:
Site Cleanup: The contractor may be required to clean up the site and remove temporary
facilities upon project completion.
Environmental Impact Assessment: Depending on the project's location and scope, an
environmental impact assessment may be required.
Local Regulations: The contractor must comply with local regulations regarding temporary
facilities and controls.
Concrete: Specified compressive strength and slump for foundations, slabs, and walls
Lumber: Species, grade, and moisture content for framing, sheathing, and trim
Roofing Type: Rib-type roofing
Insulation: R-value and type for walls, ceilings, and floors
Exterior finishes: Paint, siding, and trim materials
01600.2 - Products:
01600.3 - Equipment:
Construction equipment: Concrete mixer, saws, drills, and other necessary tools
Appliances: Refrigerator, stove, microwave, and other household appliances
Requirements for testing materials and products, such as concrete strength, lumber moisture
content, and energy efficiency ratings
Acceptance criteria for test results
Certifications from manufacturers or third-party testing agencies
Local Regulations: The contractor must comply with local regulations regarding building
materials and products.
Sustainability: The project may require the use of sustainable materials and products.
Accessibility: Products must comply with accessibility standards for persons with disabilities.
1. Site preparation: Clear the site, remove existing structures, and prepare for excavation.
2. Foundation construction: Excavate for footings, pour footings, and construct foundation walls.
3. Framing: Erect the framing for the walls, roof, and floors.
4. Roofing: Install roofing materials, including shingles, flashing, and vents.
5. Exterior finishes: Install siding, trim, windows, and doors.
6. Interior finishes: Install drywall, insulation, flooring, cabinets, and trim.
7. Mechanical and electrical systems: Install plumbing, electrical, HVAC, and other mechanical
systems.
8. Final inspections: Conduct final inspections to ensure compliance with building codes and
contract requirements.
Concrete: Use specified concrete mix and pouring methods for foundations, slabs, and walls.
Framing: Use approved framing techniques and materials.
01700.6 - Subcontractors:
Operation and maintenance manuals for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems
Warranty information for equipment, materials, and workmanship
Maintenance schedules for HVAC systems, plumbing systems, and electrical systems
Emergency procedures for fire, medical emergencies, and power outages
01800.2 - Warranties:
Regular maintenance tasks for HVAC systems, including filter changes and cleaning
Plumbing system inspections and maintenance
Electrical system inspections and maintenance
Landscaping maintenance
Procedures for starting up HVAC systems, plumbing systems, and electrical systems
Testing and commissioning of systems
Ongoing maintenance and operations, including cleaning, landscaping, and minor repairs
Payment of utility bills
Insurance coverage for the building and contents
Compliance with local regulations and ordinances
Compliance with environmental regulations, including those related to air quality, water
pollution, and waste disposal
Proper disposal of hazardous materials
Minimization of environmental impact during the demolition process
Opportunities for salvaging and reusing materials, such as wood, metal, or fixtures
Coordination with local salvage or recycling companies
SPECIFICATIONS WRITING
Division 2
Soils: Local soils, testing requirements for bearing capacity and suitability for construction
Aggregates: Sand, gravel, and crushed stone, grading requirements and testing methods
Paving Materials: Asphalt or concrete for driveway and parking area, specifications and
testing requirements
Fill Materials: Select fill or imported fill for site grading, testing requirements, and
compaction methods
Excavation: Mechanical excavation for foundations and utilities, safety requirements, and
disposal of excavated materials
Compaction: Roller or tamping for compacting fill materials, compaction requirements, and
testing methods
Paving: Asphalt or concrete paving for driveway and parking area, jointing requirements, and
curing procedures
Utilities: Installation of water, sewer, gas, and electrical lines, connection to existing systems,
and testing
Testing: Soil testing for bearing capacity, aggregate testing for grading, and paving material
testing for strength and durability
Inspection: Regular inspections of excavation, compaction, and paving activities
Documentation: Documentation of test results, inspection findings, and corrective actions
Local Regulations: Compliance with local regulations regarding soil testing, compaction
requirements, and paving standards
Environmental Concerns: Consideration of environmental impacts, such as erosion control
and stormwater management
Accessibility: Compliance with accessibility standards for sidewalks and parking areas
Purpose: To establish the precise location of the building on the site and to provide a
reference point for construction.
Methods:
o Traditional Stake Out: Using stakes and string lines to mark the corners and
centerlines of the building.
18 MASTER SPECIFICATIONS: DIVISION 1 TO 5
MACARAYO, JOHN LLOYD M.
SEPTEMBER 13, 2024 : 07:59 AM TO OCTOBER 05, 2024 : 08:59 AM
ARCH 314 / SECTION: ARCH_3A_1 / BT-4 (ESTIMATE & ADVANCE CONSTRUCTION METHODS)
o Laser Leveling: Using a laser level to establish elevation points and ensure
accuracy.
o GPS Survey: Using GPS equipment to determine precise coordinates and
boundaries.
Verification: Double-checking the stakeout to ensure accuracy and prevent errors.
Purpose: To transfer the building design from the drawings onto the site.
Methods:
o Layout Lines: Establishing layout lines using chalk, paint, or string to mark the
foundation walls, footings, and other structural elements.
o Reference Points: Using established reference points, such as property lines or
existing structures, to ensure accurate alignment.
o Leveling: Using a level to ensure that the building is built on a level foundation.
Installation of water supply lines, sewer lines, gas lines, and electrical lines to the site
Connection of utility lines to the main lines or service providers
Testing and commissioning of utility systems
02300.2 - Backfilling:
Use of select fill or imported fill for backfilling trenches and excavations
Compaction of fill materials using appropriate equipment (e.g., rollers, tampers)
Testing of compacted fill materials to ensure compliance with specified densities
02300.3 - Grading:
02300.4 - Utilities:
Soil Testing: Testing of soil conditions to determine suitability for construction and identify
any potential hazards
Environmental Impact: Consideration of environmental impacts, such as erosion control and
stormwater management
Local Regulations: Compliance with local regulations regarding excavation, backfilling, and
grading
Ground Support: If necessary, ground support systems (e.g., casing) can be used to prevent
ground collapse during boring operations.
Ventilation: Adequate ventilation should be provided to ensure safe working conditions.
Local Regulations: Compliance with local regulations regarding tunneling, boring, and
jacking operations.
Environmental Impact: Assessment of potential environmental impacts and implementation
of mitigation measures.
02450.4 - Drainage:
Local Regulations: Compliance with local building codes and regulations regarding
foundations
Seismic Design: Consideration of seismic design requirements, if applicable
Frost Protection: If necessary, implementation of frost protection measures
Utility Easements: Ensuring that the building is located within the utility easements
Utility Upgrades: Coordination with utility companies for any necessary upgrades or
improvements to the existing infrastructure
Utility Costs: Negotiation of utility rates and payment terms with utility companies
If necessary, a small retention pond can be designed and constructed for storm water
management and aesthetic purposes
Regular maintenance of the pond, including removal of debris and vegetation
Subgrade Preparation: Grading and compaction of the subgrade for the driveway and
parking area
Base Materials: Use of gravel or crushed stone as a base layer for the pavement
Ballast: Not applicable for a residential building
02700.2 - Pavements:
Paving Materials: Asphalt pavement for the driveway and parking area
Paving Techniques: Grading, compaction, and finishing of the asphalt pavement
Joints and Cracks: Sealing of joints and cracks to prevent water infiltration
02700.3 - Appurtenances:
Drainage: Proper drainage design for the driveway and parking area to prevent water pooling
and erosion
Accessibility: Compliance with accessibility standards for sidewalks and parking areas
Environmental Impact: Consideration of environmental impacts, such as stormwater runoff
and erosion control
Planting of trees, shrubs, and groundcover to enhance the appearance of the property
Installation of a sprinkler system for irrigation
Application of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds
2800.2 - Fencing:
24 MASTER SPECIFICATIONS: DIVISION 1 TO 5
MACARAYO, JOHN LLOYD M.
SEPTEMBER 13, 2024 : 07:59 AM TO OCTOBER 05, 2024 : 08:59 AM
ARCH 314 / SECTION: ARCH_3A_1 / BT-4 (ESTIMATE & ADVANCE CONSTRUCTION METHODS)
Installation of a wooden fence around the property line
Gate for access to the property
Selection of plants suitable for the local climate, such as drought-tolerant species
Consideration of soil conditions and nutrient requirements
Selection of plants that complement the overall design and aesthetic of the property
02900.3 - Irrigation:
02900.4 - Mulching:
02900.5 - Maintenance:
Landscape Design: Integration of planting with the overall landscape design of the property
Local Regulations: Compliance with local regulations regarding tree planting and
preservation
Maintenance Costs: Consideration of ongoing maintenance costs for landscaping
SPECIFICATIONS WRITING
Division 3
03050.3 - Formwork:
03050.4 - Reinforcement:
03050.5 - Curing:
Formwork Removal: Proper removal of formwork after concrete has cured to avoid damage
to the concrete
Reuse of Formwork: If applicable, reuse of formwork panels to reduce waste
Formwork Cleaning: Cleaning of formwork panels before reuse to remove concrete residue
Concrete mix design for foundations, walls, and slabs based on strength requirements (e.g., 30
MPa)
Reinforcement placement as specified in the design drawings
Formwork design for foundations, walls, and slabs
03300.3 - Curing:
03500.2 - Toppings:
Decorative concrete topping or exposed aggregate finish for the deck surface
03500.3 - Underlayments:
SPECIFICATIONS WRITING
Division 4
04050.2 - Mortar:
Regular inspection of masonry work for proper alignment, levelness, and mortar joint quality
Testing of mortar strength, if necessary
Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs): Primarily CMUs will be used for the exterior walls of the
duplex.
Size and Type: CMUs will be 8 inches thick and selected based on compressive strength
requirements and desired appearance.
Reinforcement: CMUs will likely require reinforcement, such as steel bars or wire mesh, for
structural stability.
Weather Protection: Proper storage and handling of CMUs to prevent damage during
transportation and construction.
Local Regulations: Compliance with local building codes and regulations regarding masonry
units.
Use of Stone: Limited use of natural stone for decorative elements, such as fireplaces, patios,
or accent walls.
Types of Stone: Consider using locally sourced stone for a more sustainable and aesthetically
pleasing approach.
Preparation: Proper preparation of stone surfaces, including cleaning and sealing to protect
against weathering.
04400.2 - Installation:
Mortar: Use of a suitable mortar mix for laying stone, considering the type of stone and
desired appearance.
Bonding: Proper bonding techniques to ensure the stability and durability of the stone
masonry.
Pointing: Careful pointing of mortar joints to create a finished appearance.
Inspection: Regular inspection of stone masonry for proper alignment, levelness, and
adherence to design specifications.
Testing: If necessary, testing of stone for strength and durability.
Maintenance: Regular maintenance of stone masonry, including cleaning, sealing, and repair
of any damage.
Local Regulations: Compliance with local building codes and regulations regarding stone
masonry.
Use of Simulated Masonry: Simulated masonry can be used for exterior cladding or
decorative features to enhance the appearance of the building.
Types of Simulated Masonry: Common types include precast stone, faux brick, and vinyl
siding.
Installation: Simulated masonry can be installed using adhesives or mechanical fasteners,
depending on the type of material.
Maintenance: Simulated masonry typically requires less maintenance than natural stone or
brick, but regular cleaning and inspection may be necessary.
Durability: Ensure that the simulated masonry materials are durable and weather-resistant.
Local Regulations: Check local building codes and regulations for any specific requirements
or restrictions regarding simulated masonry.
Masonry Walls: Construction of load-bearing masonry walls using concrete masonry units
(CMUs) or other suitable materials.
Masonry Veneer: Use of masonry veneer for exterior cladding, providing a decorative finish
while allowing for a lighter-weight construction.
Masonry Columns: If applicable, construction of masonry columns for structural support or
decorative purposes.
Regular inspection of masonry assemblies for proper alignment, levelness, and mortar joint
quality.
Testing of masonry units for compressive strength, if necessary.
Reinforcement: Use of reinforcement within masonry walls for structural stability, especially
in areas with seismic activity.
Weather Protection: Proper protection of masonry assemblies during construction and curing
to prevent damage from moisture or extreme temperatures.
Local Regulations: Compliance with local building codes and regulations regarding masonry
construction.
04900.2 - Cleaning:
SPECIFICATIONS WRITING
Division 5
Framing Members: Use of steel beams, columns, and joists for the structural framework of
the building
Design: Design of the framing system based on structural loads and building codes
Connections: Use of bolted or welded connections between framing members
Types of Deck: Use of metal deck profiles, such as corrugated or composite deck, for floors
and roofs
Installation: Proper installation of metal deck, including attachment to joists and sealing of
joints
Insulation: Installation of insulation between joists and metal deck for energy efficiency
Structural Steel: Fabrication of structural steel components, such as beams, columns, and
joists
Miscellaneous Metals: Fabrication of other metal components, such as railings, handrails,
and metal stairs
Cutting, bending, welding, and other fabrication processes for pipes and fittings
Quality control measures to ensure proper installation and leak-free connections
Hydraulic Testing: Testing of piping systems to ensure proper functionality and leak-free
operation
Local Regulations: Compliance with local plumbing codes and regulations
Metal Features: Fabrication of ornamental metal features, such as railings, handrails, gates,
and decorative accents
Materials: Selection of appropriate metal materials, such as wrought iron, stainless steel, or
aluminum
Finishes: Application of finishes, such as powder coating or painting, to enhance appearance
and durability
Design: Design of ornamental metal features to complement the building's overall aesthetic
Installation: Proper installation of ornamental metal elements, including secure attachment
and alignment
05800.2 - Cleaning: