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    PHYSCICS

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    Rushabh Waghmode

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    PHYSCICS

    Uploaded by

    Rushabh Waghmode
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    5 views2 pages

    PHYSCICS

    Uploaded by

    Rushabh Waghmode

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Subject Notes: Physics.

    Physics Notes

    Newton's Laws of Motion

    1. An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force (Law of
    Inertia).
    2. Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).
    3. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

    Laws of Thermodynamics

    1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed (First Law).


    2. The total entropy of a system always increases in a spontaneous process (Second Law).
    3. Absolute zero is unattainable (Third Law).

    Light and Optics

    Light behaves both as a wave and a particle (wave-particle duality).


    Reflection: Light bounces off a surface. Refraction: Light bends when passing through different
    media.
    Tip: Learn Snell's law for calculating refraction angles.

    Physics Notes for 10th Class

    Motion

     Types of Motion:
    1. Uniform Motion: An object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.
    2. Non-Uniform Motion: An object covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time.
     Equations of Motion:
    1. v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at
    2. s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
    3. v2=u2+2asv^2 = u^2 + 2asv2=u2+2as
    Where vvv = final velocity, uuu = initial velocity, aaa = acceleration, sss =
    displacement, ttt = time.

    Force and Laws of Motion

     Newton's Laws:
    1. First Law (Law of Inertia): An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless
    acted upon by an external force.
    2. Second Law: Force = mass × acceleration (F=maF = maF=ma).
    3. Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
     Momentum: Momentum (ppp) = mass (mmm) × velocity (vvv)

    o Conservation of Momentum: Total momentum before and after collision remains


    constant.

    Work, Energy, and Power

     Work: Work is done when a force is applied, and the object moves in the direction of
    the force.
    Formula: W=F⋅d⋅cos⁡θW = F \cdot d \cdot \cos \thetaW=F⋅d⋅cosθ (where θ\thetaθ is
    the angle between force and displacement).
     Energy:
    1. Kinetic Energy: Energy due to motion, KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2KE=21mv2.
    2. Potential Energy: Energy due to position, PE=mghPE = mghPE=mgh.

     Power: Rate of doing work, P=WtP = \frac{W}{t}P=tW. Unit: Watt (W).

    Light and Optics

     Reflection: Bouncing back of light from a surface. Laws of reflection:


    1. Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection.
    2. The incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie in the same plane.

     Refraction: Bending of light when it passes from one medium to another.

    o Snell's Law: sin⁡isin⁡r=n2n1\frac{\sin i}{\sin r} = \frac{n_2}{n_1}sinrsini=n1n2 (where


    n1,n2n_1, n_2n1,n2 are refractive indices).

    Electricity

     Ohm’s Law: Voltage (VVV) = Current (III) × Resistance (RRR)


    o Unit of resistance: Ohm (Ω\OmegaΩ).
     Power: P=VI=I2R=V2RP = VI = I^2R = \frac{V^2}{R}P=VI=I2R=RV2.

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