Load Assessment and Preliminary Design

Before proceeding for load calculation, preliminary size of slabs, beams and columns and the
type of material used are decided. Preliminary design of structural member is based on the
IS,NBC Code provisions for slab, beam, column, wall, staircase and footing of serviceability
criteria for deflection control and failure criteria in critical stresses arising in the sections at
ultimate limit state i.e. Axial loads in the columns, Flexural loads in slab and beams, etc.
Appropriate sizing is done with consideration to the fact that the preliminary design based on
gravity loads is required to resist the lateral loads acting on the structure. Normally preliminary
size will be decided considering following points:
 Slab: The thickness of the slab is decided on the basis of span/d ratio assuming
appropriate modification factor.
 Beam: Generally, width is taken as that of wall i.e. 230 or 300 mm. The depth is generally
taken as 1/12-1/15 of the span.
 Column: Size of column depends upon the moments from the both direction and the axial
load. Preliminary Column size may be finalized by approximate calculation of axial load
on tributary area factored to consider the effect of moment and considering a reasonable
percentage of reinforcement steel bars.

The unit weights of materials taken for the calculation of dead load of the structure are as follows:

S.N Material used Unit Weight Type of Member

1 Concrete 25.0 kN/m3 Beams, Columns, Slabs
2 Bricks 19.2 kN/m3 Infill & Partition Walls
3 Floor finishing 25.0 kN/m3 Load on Slab

The imposed load on the floors and roof have been taken as follows:

S.N Live Loads on Specified Spaces Intensity of Load Member Loaded

1. All rooms and kitchens 2.0 kN/m2 Live loads from
2. Toilet and bath rooms 2.0 kN/m2 building area acted
3. Corridors, passages, staircases including tire 3.0 kN/m2 on floor slabs, roof
escapes and store rooms slabs and staircase
slab.
1.1 Preliminary Design of Slab
Preliminary sizing of the slabs is worked out as per the limit state of serviceability (deflection)
consideration by conforming to IS456:2000 Clause: 23.2.1.

The critical slab is one for which the ratio of longer span to shorter span is maximum.
Therefore, taking slab of size 4.953m x 4.750m (16’3” x 15’7”).
Longest span (ly) = 4.953m
Shortest span (lx) = 4.750m
Then,
Ratio of long to short span (ly/lx) = 1.043<2
So, two-way slab is designed.

According to Cl. 23.2 of IS 456:2000,

Deflection Control Criteria is:
(span/depth) < αβγλδ where,
α = 26 for both end continuous
β =1 for span<10m
For modification factor,
Fs = 0.58×fs× (area of steel required/area of steel provided) Assuming area of steel
required tends to or is equal to area of steel provided, so
Fs = 0.58×500×1 = 290 N/mm2
γ=1.12 for 0.4% of tensile reinforcement (from Fig.4 of IS456:2000)
δ = 1 for 0% of compression reinforcement (from Fig.5 of IS456:2000)
λ =1 for rectangular section

Bending occurs in shorter span. So,

(shorter span/depth) < αβγλδ
(4.750/d) < 26×1×1.12×1×1
(=29.12) d = 163.12 mm
Since the depth is greater than 150mm, it will lead to higher seismic mass so divide the slab by
providing secondary beam.
For secondary beam,
Providing beam in the direction perpendicular to the longer span.
Longest span (ly) = 4.750m
Shortest span (lx) = 2.476m
(lx/d) < 29.12

(2.476/d)<29.12
d= 85.03mm

Adopt depth of slab (D) = 125mm.

Provide clear cover of 20mm and bar dia. 12 mm.
Then, d = D – cc – bar dia. / 2
= 125-20-12/2 = 99mm
1.2 Preliminary Design of Beam
For Primary Beam,
Longest span of beam (l) = 4.953m = 4953mm
Overall depth (D) = l/10 to l/15, taking l/12
=4953/12 = 412.75mm 500
Adopt, D = 500mm
Effective depth (d) = D – cc - bar dia. / 2
= 500 – 25 – 20/2 = 465mm 300
Adopt, width (b) = 300mm
Width/Depth = 0.6> 0.3, ok (IS13920-2016: Cl6.1.1)

For Secondary Beam,

Longest span of beam (l) = 4.750m = 4750mm Overall
depth (D) = l/10 to l/15, taking l/15
=4750/15 = 316.67mm 325

Adopt, D = 325mm
Adopt, width (b) = 200mm
Width/Depth = 0.615 > 0.3, ok (IS13920-2016: Cl6.1.1) 200

This is preliminary design of the beam, so we have taken the above-mentioned dimension of
beam. However, this depth may not be sufficient, during such case, we will change the depth
at detailed design.
1.3. Preliminary design of column

1. Edge Column
Column ID- A1
The column size is first assumed to be 500mm×500mm for dead load calculations.

Load From Slab:

Slab area (A) =1.943x2.033=3.95m2

Live load intensity (LL ) =2 kN/m2
Slab dead load intensity (DL) =25x0.125=3.125kN/m2 (unit wt of concrete=25 kN/m3)
Floor finish intensity (FF) =1 kN/m2 (including 25 mm screed and 20 mm marble flooring)

Total Slab load = A x (LL+DL+FF)

=3.95 x (2+3.125+1)
=24.194 kN
Load From Beam:

Beam load = 25 x (load from primary beam + load from secondary beam)
= 25 x ((1.693+1.783) x 0.375 x 0.3) + (1.793 x 0.2 x 0.1))
= 25 x (0.391+0.0358)
= 10.67 kN

Load From Column:

Column load = 25 x 3.353 x 0.5 x 0.5 (column ht= 11ft= 3.353m)

=20.955kN
Load From Wall:

(considering 30% opening)

Wall load = 0.7x19.2x[(1.693 x 0.23 x 2.853)+(1.783 x 0.23 x 2.85)] (for full brick thick wall, 230mm)
= 0.7 x 19.2 x [1.1109 + 1.169]
= 30.656 kN

Total load (TL1) = slab load + beam load + column load + wall load
= (24.194 + 10.67 + 20.955 + 30.656) kN
= 86.475 kN
Due to same architectural planning, loading is same from basement column to 8th floor column.

9th floor column supports the terrace roof where live load intensity and floor finish is different than
other floors along with a parapet wall.

Now,
Load calculation for 9th floor column supporting terrace roof:
Live load intensity (LL) = 1.5 kN/m2 (for accessible roof)
Floor Finish intensity (FF) = 2 kN/m 2

Parapet wall load = 19.2 x (1.693 + 1.783) x 0.23x1 (1m parapet wall)
= 15.35 kN

Total load (TL2) = [area x ( LL +FF + slab load) ] + parapet wall load + column load + beam load
= [3.95 x ( 1.5+ 2 +3.125)] + 15.35 + 20.195 +10.67
= 26.16875 + 15.35 + 20.955 + 10.67
= 73.144 kN

Now,
Total load on basement edge column (TL) = (10 x TL1) +TL2
=(10 x 86.475) +73.144
= 937.89 kN

Considering 30% of earthquake load and 1.5 as load safety factor,

Total ultimate load on edge column (Pu) = 937.89 x 1.3 x 1.5
=1828 .89kN
For axially loaded short column ( IS 456:2000 ; Cl 39.3)
Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As

For M25 grade of concrete

Characteristic strength (fck) = 25 N/mm2

For Fe500 steel

Yield strength (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Percentage of steel (%P) = 2.0% (assume)

Area of bar = 2% of gross area

=0.02 Ag

Area of concrete = 98% of gross area

= 0.98 Ag

Then,
Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As
or,1828.89 x 103 = 0.4 x 25 x 0.98 Ag + 0.67 x 500 x 0.02 Ag
or,828.89 x 103 = 16.5 Ag
∴ Ag = 110841.82 mm2

i.e Ag = b x D = 110841.82mm2

Considering square column

D2 = 110841.82 mm2
∴D = 332.93mm

Adopt 400 mm square column for all edge columns.

2. Edge Column
Column ID- A2
The column size is first assumed to be 500mm×500mm for dead load calculations.

Load From Slab:

Slab area (A) =4.420x2.033=8.985m2

Live load intensity (LL ) =2 kN/m2
Slab dead load intensity (DL) =25x0.125=3.125kN/m2 (unit wt of concrete=25 kN/m3)
Floor finish intensity (FF) = 1 kN/m2 (including 25 mm screed and 20 mm marble flooring)

Total Slab load = A x (LL+DL+FF)

=8.985 x (2+3.125+1)
=55.033 kN
Load From Beam:

Beam load = 25 x (load from primary beam + load from secondary beam)
= 25 x ((1.693+1.783+2.227) x 0.375 x 0.3) + ((1.793+1.883) x 0.2 x 0.1))
= 25 x (0.642+0.074)
= 17.90 kN

Load From Column:

Column load = 25 x 3.353 x 0.5 x 0.5 (column ht= 11ft= 3.353m)

=20.955kN
Load From Wall:

(considering 30% opening)

Wall load = 0.7x19.2x[((1.693+2.227) x 0.23 x 2.853)+(1.783 x 0.11 x 2.853)]
= 0.7 x 19.2 x [2.572 + 0.559] (for half brick thick wall, 110mm)
= 42.081 kN (for full brick thick wall, 230mm)

Total load (TL1) = slab load + beam load + column load + wall load
= (55.033 + 17.90 + 20.955 + 42.081) kN
= 135.969 kN
Due to same architectural planning, loading is same from basement column to 8th floor column.

9th floor column supports the terrace roof where live load intensity and floor finish is different than
other floors along with a parapet wall.

Now,
Load calculation for 9th floor column supporting terrace roof:
Live load intensity (LL) = 1.5 kN/m2 (for accessible roof)
Floor Finish intensity (FF) = 2 kN/m2
Parapet wall load = 19.2 x (1.693 + 2.227) x 0.23x1 (1m parapet wall)
= 17.311 kN

Total load (TL2) = [Area x ( LL +FF + DL) ] + parapet wall load + column load + beam load
= [8.985 x ( 1.5+ 2 +3.125)] + 17.311 + 20.195 +17.9
= 59.526 +17.311 + 20.195 +17.9
= 114.932 kN

Now,
Total load on basement edge column (TL) = (10 x TL1) +TL2
=(10 x 135.969) +114.932
= 1474.622 kN

Considering 30% of earthquake load and 1.5 as load safety factor,

Total ultimate load on edge column (Pu) = 1474.622x 1.3 x 1.5
=2875.513kN

For axially loaded short column ( IS 456:2000 ; Cl 39.3)

Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As
For M25 grade of concrete
Characteristic strength (fck) = 25 N/mm2

For Fe500 steel

Yield strength (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Percentage of steel (%P) = 2.0% (assume)

Area of bar = 2% of gross area

=0.02 Ag

Area of concrete = 98% of gross area

= 0.98 Ag

Then,
Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As
or, 2875.513 x 103 = 0.4 x 25 x 0.98 Ag + 0.67 x 500 x 0.02 Ag
or, 2875.513 x 103 = 16.5 Ag
∴ Ag = 174273.515 mm2

i.e Ag = b x D = 174273.515 mm2

Considering square column

D2 = 174273.515 mm2
∴D = 417.461 mm

Adopt 450 mm square column for all face columns.

3. Intermediate Column
a. Column ID- B2
The column size is first assumed to be 500mm×500mm for dead load calculations.

Load From Slab:

Slab area (A) =4.420 x 4.408=19.48m2

Live load intensity (LL ) =2 kN/m2
Slab dead load intensity (DL) =25x0.125=3.125kN/m2 (unit wt of concrete=25 kN/m3)
Floor finish intensity (FF) = 1 kN/m2

Total Slab load = A x (LL+DL+FF)

=19.48 x (2+3.125+1)
=119.315 kN
Load From Beam:

Beam load = 25 x (load from primary beam + load from secondary beam)
= 25 x ((2.227+2.125+1.693+1783) x 0.375 x 0.3)
+
((1.793+1.793+2.225+1.883) x 0.2 x 0.1))
= 25 x (0.866+0.153)
= 25.475 kN

Load From Column:

Column load = 25 x 3.353 x 0.5 x 0.5 (column ht= 11ft= 3.353m)

=20.955kN
Load From Wall:

(considering 30% opening)

Wall load = 0.7x19.2x(1.783+2.227+1.693+2.125)x2.853x0.11 (for half brick thick wall, 110mm)
= 33.18 kN

Total load (TL1) = slab load + beam load + column load + wall load
= (119.315+25.475+20.955+33.18) kN
= 198.925 kN
Due to same architectural planning, loading is same from basement column to 8th floor column .

9th floor column supports the terrace roof where live load intensity and floor finish is different than
other floors.

Now,
Load calculation for 9th floor column supporting terrace roof:
Live load intensity (LL) = 1.5 kN/m2 (for accessible roof)
Floor Finish intensity (FF) = 2 kN/m2

Total load (TL2) = [A x ( LL +FF + DL) ] + column load + beam load

= [19.48 x ( 1.5+ 2 +3.125)] + 20.195 +25.475
= 174.725kN

Now,
Total load on basement edge column (TL) = (10 x TL1) +TL2
=(10 x 198.925) +174.925
= 2164.175 kN

Considering 30% of earthquake load and 1.5 as load safety factor,

Total ultimate load on edge column (Pu) = 2164.175 x 1.3 x 1.5
=4220.141kN

For axially loaded short column ( IS 456:2000 ; Cl 39.3)

Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As

For M25 grade of concrete

Characteristic strength (fck) = 25 N/mm2

For Fe500 steel

Yield strength (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Percentage of steel (%P) = 2.0% (assume)

Area of bar = 2% of gross area
=0.02 Ag

Area of concrete = 98% of gross area

= 0.98 Ag

Then,
Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As
or, 4220.141 x 103 = 0.4 x 25 x 0.98 Ag + 0.67 x 500 x 0.02 Ag
or, 4220.141 x 103 = 16.5 Ag
∴ Ag = 255766.121 mm2

i.e Ag = b x D = 255766.121 mm2

Considering square column

D2 = 255766.121 mm2
∴D = 505.733mm

Note :The above intermediate column B2 has the largest slab area, so it can be the critical
intermediate column but let’s check another potential critical intermediate column D3 as it carries
load from staircase, passages of all floor and additional load from staircase cover.
b. Column ID- D3
The column size is first assumed to be 500mm×500mm for dead load calculations.

Load From Slab:

Slab area (A) =4.179 x 4.534=18.948m2

Live load intensity (LL ) =3 kN/m2 (for passage and staircase)
Slab dead load intensity (DL) =25x0.125=3.125kN/m2 (unit wt of concrete=25 kN/m3)
Floor finish intensity (FF) = 1 kN/m2 (including 25 mm screed and 20 mm marble flooring)

Total Slab load = A x (LL+DL+FF)

=18.948 x (3+3.125+1)
=135.005 kN
Load From Beam:

Beam load = 25 x (load from primary beam + load from secondary beam)
= 25 x ((2.227+2.125+1.452+1.908) x 0.375 x 0.3)
+
((1.552+1.552+2.225) x 0.2 x 0.1))
= 25 x (0.868+0.107)
= 24.375 kN

Load From Column:

Column load = 25 x 3.353 x 0.5 x 0.5 (column ht= 11ft= 3.353m)

=20.955kN
Load From Wall:

(considering 30% opening)

Wall load = 0.7x19.2x(2.227+2.125)x2.853x0.23 (for full brick thick wall, 230mm)
= 38.385 kN

Total load (TL1) = slab load + beam load + column load + wall load
= (135.005+24.375+20.955+38.385) kN
= 218.750 kN
Due to same architectural planning, loading is same from basement column to 9th floor column.

10th floor column (staircase cover column) supports the staircase roof where live load intensity and
floor finish is different than other floors.

Now,
Load calculation for 9th floor column supporting terrace roof:
Live load intensity (LL) = 0.75 kN/m2 (for non-accessible roof)
Floor Finish intensity (FF) = 2 kN/m2

Area(A)= 2.158 x 4.179 = 9.018

Beam load = 25 x (load from primary beam + load from secondary beam)

= 25 x ((2.227+1.452+1.908) x 0.375 x 0.3)

+
((1.552+1.552) x 0.2 x 0.1))
= 25 x (0.629+0.062)
= 17.275 kN

Total load (TL2) = [A x ( LL +FF + DL) ] + column load + beam load

= [9.018 x ( 0.75+ 2 +3.125)] + 20.195 +17.275
= 90.451kN

Now,
Total load on basement edge column (TL) = (11 x TL1) +TL2
=(11 x 218.75) +90.451
= 2496.701 kN

Considering 30% of earthquake load and 1.5 as load safety factor,

Total ultimate load on edge column (Pu) = 2496.701 x 1.3 x 1.5
=4868.567kN
For axially loaded short column ( IS 456:2000 ; Cl 39.3)
Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As

For M25 grade of concrete

Characteristic strength (fck) = 25 N/mm2

For Fe500 steel

Yield strength (fy) = 500 N/mm2

Percentage of steel (%P) = 2.0% (assume)

Area of bar = 2% of gross area

=0.02 Ag

Area of concrete = 98% of gross area

= 0.98 Ag

Then,
Pu = 0.4 x fck x Ac + 0.67 x fy x As
or, 4868.567 x 103 = 0.4 x 25 x 0.98 Ag + 0.67 x 500 x 0.02 Ag
or, 4868.567x 103 = 16.5 Ag
∴ Ag = 295064.664 mm2

i.e Ag = b x D = 295064.664 mm2

Considering square column

D2 = 295064.664 mm2
∴D = 543.198 mm
Here, the size required for intermediate column B2 and D3 can be compared and for convenience
purpose, all the intermediate columns can be kept of same size. Since, size required for column D3
(543.198mm) is greater than the size required for column B2 (505.733 mm).
Hence, column D3 size is taken into consideration to remain in safe side.

Adopt 600 mm square column for all intermediate columns

 Beam Load Calculation

Basemnet Beam :
Length Breadth Unit wt Self wt Total wt
S.N. Index Depth (m) 3
(m) (m) (kN/m ) (kN/m) (kN)

1 PB 258.198 0.300 0.500 25.000 3.750 968.243

2 SB 99.780 0.200 0.325 25.000 1.625 162.143
TOTAL 1130.385

Ground Floor Beam :

Length Breadth Unit wt Self wt Total wt
S.N. Index Depth (m) 3
(m) (m) (kN/m ) (kN/m) (kN)

1 PB 249.562 0.300 0.500 25.000 3.750 935.858

2 SB 92.008 0.200 0.325 25.000 1.625 149.513
TOTAL 1085.371

1st to 9th Floor Beam :

Length Breadth Unit wt Self wt Total wt
S.N. Index Depth (m) 3
(m) (m) (kN/m ) (kN/m) (kN)

1 PB 242.956 0.300 0.500 25.000 3.750 911.085

2 SB 85.200 0.200 0.325 25.000 1.625 138.450
TOTAL 1049.535

Top Floor Beam :

Length Breadth Unit wt Self wt Total wt
S.N. Index Depth (m) 3
(m) (m) (kN/m ) (kN/m) (kN)

1 PB 43.892 0.300 0.500 25.000 3.750 164.595

2 SB 12.040 0.200 0.325 25.000 1.625 19.565
TOTAL 184.160
 Load Calculation Due to Column

Basement + GF + 1st to 9th Floor

Unit wt Self Wt. Total Load
S.N. Column Type No. Height Width Depth
(kN/m3) (kN/m) (kN)
1 Edge 12 3.353 0.400 0.400 25 4.000 160.934
2 Face 8 3.353 0.450 0.450 25 5.063 135.788
3 Intermediate 16 3.353 0.600 0.600 25 9.000 482.803
Total: 779.526

10th Floor (Stair Cover)

Unit wt Self Wt. Total Load
S.N. Column Type No. Height Width Depth
(kN/m3) (kN/m) (kN)
1 Edge - - - - 25 - -
2 Face - - - - 25 - -
3 Intermediate 8 3.353 0.600 0.600 25 9.000 241.402
Total: 241.402
 LOAD CALCULATION OF BASEMENT SLAB

LIVE LIVE LOAD FLOOR

AREA DEPTH UNIT WT. SELF WT. TOTAL
S.N INDEX LOAD (LL>3=0.5xLL and FINISH
(m2) (m) (kN/m3) (kN/m2) LOAD (kN)
(kN/m2) LL<3=0.25xLL) (kN/m2)

1 EF-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075

2 EF-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
3 EF-34 13.840 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 67.470
4 EF-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
5 EF-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
6 DE-12 18.450 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.331
7 DE-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
8 DE-34 16.169 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.824
9 DE-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
10 DE-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
11 CD-12 16.780 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 81.803
12 CD-23 21.427 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 104.457
13 CD-34 14.690 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 71.614
14 CD-45 10.220 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 49.823
15 CD-56 16.780 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 81.803
16 BC-12 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
17 BC-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
18 BC-34 16.170 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.829
19 BC-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
20 BC-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
21 AB-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
22 AB-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
23 AB-34 13.840 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 67.470
24 AB-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
25 AB-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
Total: 2123.731
 LOAD CALCULATION OF GROUND FLOOR SLAB

LIVE LIVE LOAD FLOOR

AREA DEPTH UNIT WT. SELF WT. TOTAL
S.N INDEX LOAD (LL>3=0.5xLL and FINISH
(m2) (m) (kN/m3) (kN/m2) LOAD (kN)
(kN/m2) LL<3=0.25xLL) (kN/m2)

1 EF-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075

2 EF-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
3 EF-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
4 EF-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
5 EF-34 13.840 0.125 25.000 3.125 0.750 0.188 1.000 59.685
6 DE-12 18.450 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.331
7 DE-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
8 DE-34 16.169 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.824
9 DE-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
10 DE-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
11 CD-34 14.690 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 71.614
12 CD-45 10.220 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 49.823
13 BC-12 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
14 BC-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
15 BC-34 16.170 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.829
16 BC-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
17 BC-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
18 AB-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
19 AB-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
20 AB-34 13.840 0.125 25.000 3.125 0.750 0.188 1.000 59.685
21 AB-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
22 AB-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
Total: 1840.099
 LOAD CALCULATION OF 1st to 8th FLOOR SLAB

LIVE LIVE LOAD FLOOR

AREA DEPTH UNIT WT. SELF WT. TOTAL
S.N INDEX LOAD (LL>3=0.5xLL and FINISH
(m2) (m) (kN/m3) (kN/m2) LOAD (kN)
(kN/m2) LL<3=0.25xLL) (kN/m2)

1 EF-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075

2 EF-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
3 EF-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
4 EF-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
5 DE-12 18.450 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.331
6 DE-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
7 DE-34 16.169 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.824
8 DE-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
9 DE-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
10 CD-34 14.690 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 71.614
11 CD-45 10.220 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 49.823
12 BC-12 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
13 BC-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
14 BC-34 16.170 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.829
15 BC-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
16 BC-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
17 AB-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
18 AB-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
19 AB-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
20 AB-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
Total: 1720.729
 LOAD CALCULATION OF 9th FLOOR SLAB (Terrace)

LIVE LIVE LOAD FLOOR

AREA DEPTH UNIT WT. SELF WT. TOTAL
S.N INDEX LOAD (LL>3=0.5xLL and FINISH
(m2) (m) (kN/m3) (kN/m2) LOAD (kN)
(kN/m2) LL<3=0.25xLL) (kN/m2)

1 EF-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075

2 EF-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
3 EF-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
4 EF-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
5 DE-12 18.450 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.331
6 DE-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
7 DE-34 16.169 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.824
8 DE-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
9 DE-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
10 BC-12 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
11 BC-23 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
12 BC-34 16.170 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 78.829
13 BC-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 108.826
14 BC-56 18.460 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 85.378
15 CD-34 14.690 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 71.614
16 CD-45 10.220 0.125 25.000 3.125 3.000 0.750 1.000 49.823
17 AB-12 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
18 AB-23 20.138 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.138
19 AB-45 20.140 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 93.148
20 AB-56 15.800 0.125 25.000 3.125 2.000 0.500 1.000 73.075
Total: 1720.729

LOAD CALCULATION OF 10th FLOOR SLAB (Staircase cover)

LIVE LIVE LOAD FLOOR

AREA DEPTH UNIT WT. SELF WT. TOTAL
S.N INDEX LOAD (LL>3=0.5xLL and FINISH
(m2) (m) (kN/m3) (kN/m2) LOAD (kN)
(kN/m2) LL<3=0.25xLL) (kN/m2)

1 CD-23 21.680 0.125 25.000 3.125 0.750 0.188 1.000 93.495

2 CD-34 14.690 0.125 25.000 3.125 0.750 0.188 1.000 63.351
3 CD-45 23.530 0.125 25.000 3.125 0.750 0.188 1.000 101.473
Total: 258.319
 Wall Load Calculation
Actual
Thickness Volume( volume Unit Wt. Total Load
Floors Length(m) Height(m) Reducing Load (kN)
(m) m3) 30% for
(kN/m3) (kN)
openings

Ground floor
Full brick wall 131.369 0.230 2.853 86.203 60.342 19.2 1158.567
1555.820
Half brick wall 94.183 0.110 2.853 29.558 20.690 19.2 397.253
1st to 9th floor
Full brick wall 125.578 0.230 2.853 82.403 57.682 19.2 1107.493
1504.746
Half brick wall 94.183 0.110 2.853 29.558 20.690 19.2 397.253
10th floor (Terrace)
Full brick wall 26.518 0.230 2.853 17.401 12.180 19.2 233.864
Half brick wall 0.000 0.110 2.853 0.000 0.000 19.2 0.000 603.205
Parapet wall 119.482 0.230 1.000 27.481 19.237 19.2 369.342
Staircase Cover
Parapet wall 39.929 0.230 1.000 9.184 6.429 19.2 123.428 123.428
 Plaster Load Calculation

Length Height Thickness Volume ,V Actual Volume

S.N Floors Unit Wt. (kN/m3) Load (kN)
(m) (m) (m) (m3) (0.7V) (m3)

1 Basement
Walls 162.7632 2.853 0.012 5.572 5.572 20 111.447
1 Ground Floor
Walls 451.104 2.853 0.012 15.444 10.811 20 216.216
2 1st to 9th Floor
Walls 439.522 2.853 0.012 15.047 10.533 20 210.664
3 10th Floor (Terrace)
Walls 53.035 2.853 0.012 1.816 1.271 20 25.420
Parapet 238.963 1.000 0.012 2.868 2.868 20 57.351
4 Staircase Cover
Parapet 79.858 1.000 0.012 0.958 0.958 20 19.166
 Load Due to Boundary Shear Wall (200mm)
Length Thickness Unit wt Self wt Total wt
S.N. Height (m) 3
(m) (m) (kN/m ) (kN/m) (kN)
1 81.3816 0.200 2.853 25.000 14.264 1160.827
TOTAL 1160.827

Load Due to Elevator Shear Wall (200mm)

Basement + GF + 1st to 9th Floor + Staircase Cover

Unit wt Total Load

S.N. C/S area Height 3
(kN/m ) (kN)
1 2.617 3.353 25.000 219.394
TOTAL 219.394
 LOAD CALCULATION OF STAIR CASE :
Floor to Floor Height = 11' (3.353m)
Total No. of risers = 22
Height of a riser = 6" (0.152m)
2
Dead Load = 6.165 kN/m (DL of waist slab + DL of step)
2
Live Load = 3 kN/m

Loading Total
Length Width Area
SN Flight Landing 2 Dl + LL Load
(m) (m) (m )
(kN/m2) (kN)

1 F1 - 2.438 1.524 3.716 9.165 34.057

2 F2 - 0.914 1.524 1.394 9.165 12.771
3 F3 - 2.438 1.524 3.716 9.165 34.057
4 - L1 1.524 1.524 2.323 6.750 15.677
5 - L2 1.524 1.524 2.323 6.750 15.677
SUM 112.240

Fig. Staircase Layout

Lateral Load Assessment

Earthquake Load on Super Structure:

Seismic weight is the total dead load plus appropriate amount of specified imposed load. While
computing the seismic load weight of each floor, the weight of columns and walls in any story
shall be equally distributed to the floors above and below the storey. The seismic weight of the
whole building is the sum of the seismic weights of all the floors. It has been calculated
according to IS 1893(Part I): 2016. The code states that for the calculation of the design seismic
forces of the structure, the imposed load on roof need not be considered.
With the results of mass center and stiffness center calculation, we follow IS 1893(part 1):2016
to compute the base shear and the corresponding lateral forces.

Theory of Base Shear Calculation

According to IS 1893 (Part I): 2016 Cl. No. 6.4.2, the design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah
for a structure shall be determined by the following expression

Ah= (Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g) Where,

Z = Zone factor given by NBC 105:2020 Table 4-5, For Dharan City, Z = 0.30

I = Importance Factor, I = 1.0 for residential building, given by

IS 1893(Part I):2016 Table 8

R = Response reduction factor given by IS 1893 (Part I): 2016 Table 9, R = 5.0 for SMRF
Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient which depends on approximate fundamental
natural period of vibration (Ta) and type of soil, from IS1893 (Part I):2016 Cl 6.4.2
For Ta, from IS1893 (Part I):2016 Cl 7.6.2
Ta = 0.075h0.75 (for RC MRF building)

=0.075*37.9220.75 (h=124’5”=37.922m)

=1.146

Therefore, Sa/g = 1.36/Ta =1.187 for 0.55s<T<4s and soil type II

from IS1893 (Part I):2016 Cl 6.4.2

The value of design horizontal seismic coefficient is

𝒁 × 𝑰 × 𝑺𝒂
𝑨𝒉 =
𝟐×𝑹×𝒈
0.3×1×1.187
=
𝟐×5
= 0.0356
According to IS 1893 (Part I):2016 Cl. No. 7.2.1 the total design lateral force for design
seismic base shear (VB) along any principle direction is given by
VB=Ah∗W

Where,W = Seismic weight of the building= 65270.305 kN

VB = 0.0356 ∗ 65270.305 = 2323.623 kN

According to IS 1893 (Part I): 2016 Cl. No. 7.6.3 the design base shear (VB) computed above
shall be distributed along the height of the building as per the following expression:
𝑾𝒊𝒉𝒊𝟐
𝑸𝒊 = × 𝑽𝑩
∑𝑾𝒊𝒉𝒊𝟐
Where,
Qi = Design lateral force at floor i
Wi= Seismic Weight of floor i
hi = Height of floor i measured from base
n = No. of stories in the building
Distribution of base shear as lateral loads Qi:
 Load Calculation on Each Floor

Staircase Terrace (10th 1st to 9th Ground

S.N. Components Basement
Cover Floor) Floor Floor

1 WALLS 123.428 603.205 1504.746 1555.820 -

2 COLUMNS - 241.402 779.526 779.526 779.526
3 BEAMS - 184.160 1049.535 1085.371 1130.385
4 SLAB 258.319 1720.729 1720.729 1840.099 2123.731
5 BASEMENT SHEAR WAL - - - - 1160.827
6 ELEVATOR SHEAR WALL - 219.394 219.394 219.394 219.394
7 STAIRCASE - 112.240 112.240 112.240 -
8 12 MM PLASTERING 19.166 82.771 210.664 216.216 111.447
TOTAL LOAD (kN) : 400.912 3163.902 5596.835 5808.666 5525.310

MASS LUMPING
Total Load Lumped
at Each Floor Mass at
Slab each level
400.912 1782.4070
Stair Cover 3163.902
4380.3683
th
9 Floor 5596.835
th 5596.8350
8 Floor 5596.835
th 5596.8350
7 Floor 5596.835
th 5596.8350
6 Floor 5596.835
th 5596.8350
5 Floor 5596.835
th 5596.8350
4 Floor 5596.835
rd 5596.8350
3 Floor 5596.835
nd 5596.8350
2 Floor 5596.835
st 5596.8350
1 Floor 5596.835
5702.7504
GF 5808.666
5666.9878
Basement 5525.310

65270.305 kN total seismic weight

 Vertical Distribution of Design Forces

Design Seismic Base Shear, VB = 2323.623 kN

Storey Shear
S.N FLOOR LEVEL Wi(kN) Hi(m) WiHi2 Qi=VB*(WiHi2/∑WiHi2) Forces (Vi
kN)
1 Staircase Cover 1782.407 40.2336 2885258.106 202.720 202.720
2 Terrace 4380.368 36.881 5958148.073 418.624 621.344
3 9th 5596.835 33.528 6291552.166 442.049 1063.393
4 8th 5596.835 30.175 5096157.255 358.060 1421.453
5 7th 5596.835 26.822 4026593.386 282.911 1704.364
6 6th 5596.835 23.470 3082860.561 216.604 1920.968
7 5th 5596.835 20.117 2264958.780 159.138 2080.106
8 4th 5596.835 16.764 1572888.042 110.512 2190.618
9 3rd 5596.835 13.411 1006648.347 70.728 2261.346
10 2nd 5596.835 10.058 566239.695 39.784 2301.131
11 1st 5702.750 6.706 256424.578 18.017 2319.147
12 GF 5666.988 3.353 63704.128 4.476 2323.623
ΣWiHi2: 33071433.117