Umaru Musa

Yar'Adua

Umaru Musa Yar'Adua GCFR (( listen ⓘ); 16

August 1951[1] – 5 May 2010) was a
Nigerian politician who served as the
president of Nigeria from 2007 to 2010. He
was declared the winner of the Nigerian
presidential election held on 21 April 2007,
and was sworn in on 29 May 2007.
He previously
His Excellency
served as the
Umaru Musa
governor of Katsina
Yar'Adua
State from 1999 to
GCFR
2007;[2][3] and was a
member of the
Peoples Democratic
Party (PDP). In
2009, Yar'Adua left
for Saudi Arabia to
receive treatment Yar'Adua at the
World Economic
for pericarditis. He
Forum in 2008
returned to Nigeria
13th President of
on 24 February Nigeria
2010, but died on 5 In office
May.[4][5] 29 May 2007 – 5
 May 2010
Early life
Vice Goodluck
President Jonathan

Preceded Olusegun
by Obasanjo

Succeeded Goodluck
First Lady Turai Yar'Adua.

by Jonathan
Family Governor of Katsina
In office
Yar'adua was born
29 May 1999 – 29
in Katsina state, May 2007
Nigeria.[6] His father,
Deputy Tukur
Musa Yar'Adua, was
Ahmed
a Minister for Lagos Jikamshi
in the First Republic Abdullahi
and held the
chieftaincy title of Garba
Matawalle Aminchi

(custodian of the Preceded Joseph

royal treasury) of by Akaagerge

the Katsina Emirate, Succeeded Ibrahim

a title which by Shema
Yar'Adua inherited. Personal details
His paternal Born 16
grandfather, Malam August
Umaru, had also 1951
held the title of Katsina,
Matawallen Katsina, Northern

while his paternal Region,

British
grandmother, Binta,
Nigeria
a Fulani from the
(now in
Sullubawa clan, was
a princess of the Katsina
Katsina Emirate and State,

a sister of Emir Nigeria)

Muhammadu Died 5 May

Dikko.[7][8] 2010
(aged 58)
Yar'Adua married Aso Villa,
Turai Yar'Adua of Abuja,

Katsina state in Nigeria

1975;[9] they had Political Peoples

seven children (five party Democratic

daughters and two Party

(1998–
sons) and several
2010)
grandchildren.[10]
Other People's
Their daughter,
political Redempti
Zainab, is married to
affiliations Party
the former Kebbi (1979–
state governor, 1983)

Usman Dakingari.[11] Peoples

Front of
Another daughter, Nigeria
Nafisa is married to (1988–

Isa Yuguda, a 1989)

Social
former governor of
Democrat
Bauchi state. Her
Party
sister Maryam is
(1989–
married to Ibrahim 1998)
Shema, Yar'Adua's
Spouses Turai Yar'Ad
successor as Hauwa Rad
Katsina state
Relations Shehu
governor.[12][13]
Musa
Yar'Adua was also
married to Hauwa Yar'Adua
Umar Radda from (brother)

1992 to 1997, and Abdulaziz

Musa
they had two
Yar'Adua
children.[14]
(brother)

Children 9,
Education including
Zainab
He started his
Parent Musa
education at
Yar'Adua
Rafukka Primary
(father)
School in 1958, and
Alma Barewa
moved to Dutsinma
mater College
Boarding Primary
School in 1962. He
attended the
Government College Ahmadu
at Keffi from 1965 Bello

until 1969. In 1971 University

he received a Higher Occupation Politician

School Certificate
from Barewa College.[15] He attended
Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria from
1972 to 1975, where he obtained a
bachelor's degree in Education and
Chemistry, and then returned in 1978 to
pursue a master's degree in Analytical
Chemistry.[15]

Pre–presidency
Yar'Adua's first employment was at Holy
Child College in Lagos (1975–76). He later
served as a lecturer at the College of Arts,
Science, and Technology in Zaria, Kaduna
state, between 1976 and 1979. In 1979, he
began working as a lecturer at College of
Art Science, remaining in this position until
1983, when he began working in the
corporate sector.[16]

Yar'Adua worked at Sambo Farms Ltd. in

Funtua, Katsina state, as its pioneer
General Manager, between 1983 and 1989.
He served as a board member of Katsina
State Farmers' Supply Company between
1984 and 1985, Member of the Governing
Council of Katsina College of Arts, Science
and Technology Zaria and Katsina
Polytechnic, between 1978 and 1983,
board chairman of Katsina State
Investment and Property Development
Company between 1994 and 1996.

He also served as a director of many

companies, including Habib Nigeria Bank
Ltd, 1995–99; Lodigiani Nigeria Ltd.,
1987–99, Hamada Holdings, 1983–99;
and Madara Ltd., Vom, Jos, 1987–99. He
was Chairman of Nation House Press Ltd.,
Kaduna, from 1995 to 1999.[17]
Party politics

During the Second Republic (1979–83),

Yar'Adua was a member of the leftist
People's Redemption Party, while his
father was briefly the National Vice
Chairman of the National Party of Nigeria.
During the transition programme of
General Ibrahim Babangida to the Third
Republic, Yar'Adua was one of the
foundation members of the Peoples Front
of Nigeria with other members such as
Atiku Abubakar, Baba Gana Kingibe, Bola
Tinubu, Sabo Bakin Zuwo, Wada Abubakar,
Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila, Abubakar Koko
and Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso, a political
association under the leadership of his
elder brother, the late Major-General Shehu
Musa Yar'Adua. That association later
formed the Social Democratic Party.
Yar'Adua was a member of the 1988
Constituent Assembly. He was a member
of the party's National Caucus and the
Nigerian Social Democratic Party's (SDP)
State Secretary in Katsina. He contested
for the governorship position in the 1991
election, but lost to Saidu Barda, the
candidate of the National Republican
Convention and an ally of Ibrahim
Babangida.
Governor of Katsina

In 1999, Yar'Adua won the Katsina state

governorship election.[7] He was the first
governor to publicly declare his assets.[18]
Yar'Adua's administration saw various
developments in the state. Katsina
became the fifth northern Nigerian state to
adopt sharia, or Islamic law.[19] Education
was prioritised and several schools were
built in local areas. Yar'Adua also delivered
on his promise of running an efficient
public administration, with corruption
significantly hampered. In 2003, he was re-
elected for a second term in office and his
successor was Ibrahim Shema.
2007 presidential election

Between 16–17 December 2006, Yar'Adua

was chosen as the presidential candidate
of the ruling People's Democratic Party for
the April 2007 election, receiving 3,024
votes from party delegates; his closest
rival, Rochas Okorocha, received 372
votes.[20] Yar'Adua's success in the primary
election was attributed to the support of
incumbent President Olusegun
Obasanjo;[20][21] At the time of his
nomination, he was an obscure figure on
the national stage, and has been described
as a "puppet" of Obasanjo, who could not
have won the nomination under fair
circumstances.[21] Shortly after his
nomination, Yar'Adua chose Goodluck
Jonathan, governor of Bayelsa state, as
his vice-presidential candidate.[20][21]
Another view regarding the support he
received from President Olusegun
Obasanjo is that, he was one of few
serving governors with a spotless record,
devoid of any suspicions or charges of
corruption.[21] He also belonged to the
People's Democratic Movement (PDM) – a
powerful political block, founded by his
late brother, Shehu Musa Yar'Adua, who
was also Obasanjo's vice president during
his military rule.
In the presidential election held on 21 April
2007, Yar'Adua won 70% of the votes
(24.6 million votes) according to official
results released on 23 April. The election
was highly controversial. Strongly
criticized by observers, as well as the two
primary opposition candidates,
Muhammadu Buhari of the All Nigeria
Peoples Party (ANPP) and Atiku Abubakar
of the Action Congress (AC), the result
was largely rejected as having been rigged
in Yar'Adua's favour.[22]
Presidency

At the 33rd G8 summit in

Heiligendamm in 2007
(Yar'Adua at the very right)

After the election, Yar'Adua proposed a

government of national unity. In late June
2007, two opposition parties, the ANPP
and the Progressive Peoples Alliance
(PPA), agreed to join Yar'Adua's
government.[23]
Cabinet

Yar'Adua's new cabinet was sworn in on 26

July 2007.[24][25] It included 39 ministers,
including two for the ANPP.[25]

National agenda

Yar'Adua and Indian prime

minister Manmohan Singh in
October 2007

In August 2007, the administration

unveiled a seven-point agenda to be the
focal point of the administration's solution
to developmental challenges and stated
goal of elevating Nigeria to be among the
twenty largest economies in the world by
2020:[26]

Infrastructure, power and energy

Food security
Wealth creation
Transport
Land reforms
Security
Education

Due to his illness and death, the

administration was unable to realise the
agenda.[27] The power sector was not
adequately funded, infrastructural deficit
was not closed down and the troublesome
process of reforming land use regulations
hampered a reform of the land tenure
law.[27]

Electoral reforms

Yar'Adua established a presidential

electoral reform committee to look into the
legal factors, social and political
institutions and security issues that
affects the quality and credibility of
elections in the country and also, to make
recommendations on improving the
credibility of elections. The reform
committee was headed by Mohammed
Uwais, a former Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court of Nigeria. Among the
recommendations of the committee was
constitutional measures to make the
Independent National Electoral
Commission (INEC) truly independent,
removing some of the activities of INEC
with the creation of an electoral
commission and a parties registration
agency. It also recommended speedy
resolution of legal challenges of elections,
presumably before the swearing in
ceremony of the victor of the seat being
challenged.[28]
Foreign Policy

Condoleezza Rice and

Yar'Adua in September 2007

During his tenure as president, Yar'Adua

had tried to improve foreign relations with
other countries to also help with social
justice and national security. While talking
with President George W. Bush, he had
explained that he would help fight
corruption within Nigeria and help grow
the economy. Though, this turned out not
to be so and instead he weakened foreign
relations with other countries. For
instance, as more Nigerians engaged in
trips abroad and consequently increased
interactions with citizens of other states,
issues of maltreatment of Nigerians
abroad equally escalated in equal
proportion. Thus, the period between 2007
and 2010 seemed characterised of an era
when globalization heavily impacted
Nigeria's foreign relations rather
negatively. What appears to give credence
to this is the fact that many Nigerians, in
an attempt to utilize opportunities offered
by globalization, became victims of the
integration process. During the
administration, incidences against
Nigerians in the course of the country's
foreign relations with other states were at
a high level. It was the same across Africa,
into Europe, and Asia. For instance, in May
2008, South Africans unleashed
xenophobic attacks on immigrants and
many Nigerians suffered grievous loss and
distress in the process. As Omenma
(2015) puts it, prior to the xenophobic
attack, there were a series of systematic
and hostile campaigns of calumny against
Nigeria and Nigerians including the
burgling of the Nigerian embassy in that
country, the height of the attack by South
Africans.
National Security

Violence in the Niger Delta

Under Yar'Adua, Nigeria's oil-rich Niger

Delta became increasingly militarized and
insecure. Scores of civilians were
murdered by armed gangs and security
forces in 2007, and the violence further
impeded the impoverished region's
development. Much of the insecurity that
plagued the Delta was directly related to
failures of governance at all levels. Despite
massive budget increases due to rising oil
prices, federal, state, and local
governments made no effective effort to
address the grinding poverty and
environmental degradation that lay at the
heart of political discontent in the region.
Instead, many regional political figures
were directly implicated in sponsoring and
arming militia groups that carried out
violent abuses. He later brought peace into
the Niger Delta.

2009 Boko Haram Uprising

In early 2009, Boko Haram launched a

military campaign for Islamic rule in
Nigeria. According to initial media reports,
the violence began on 26 July 2009 when
Boko Haram launched an attack on a
police station in Bauchi State. Clashes
between the militants and the Nigeria
Police Force erupted in Kano, Yobe and
Borno. Which led Yar'Adua to order an
investigation into the killing of the leader
of the radical Islamist sect, which was
responsible for violence that left more
than 700 people dead. Many are
devastated and the war is still going on
today.

Illness

Yar'Adua left Nigeria on 23 November

2009, and was reported to be receiving
treatment for pericarditis at a clinic in
Saudi Arabia. He was not seen in public
again, and his absence created a power
vacuum which was usurped by a cabal.[29]
On 22 January 2010, the Supreme Court of
Nigeria ruled that the Federal Executive
Council (FEC) had fourteen days to decide
a resolution on whether Yar'Adua was
"incapable of discharging the functions of
his office". The ruling also stated that the
Federal Executive Council should hear
testimony of five doctors, one of whom
should be Yar'Adua's personal
physician.[30]
Doctrine of necessity

On 9 February 2010, the Senate

controversially used the "doctrine of
necessity" to transfer Presidential Powers
to Vice President Goodluck Jonathan, and
declared him Acting President, with all the
accompanying powers, until Yar'Adua
returned to full health. The power transfer,
considered illegal by some, was described
as a "coup without the word" by opposition
lawyers and lawmakers. However, there
were others who felt the power vacuum
would lead to instability and a possible
military takeover.[31]
Personal life

Health

In 2007, Yar'Adua, who suffered from a

kidney condition, challenged his critics to a
game of squash in an endeavor to end
speculations about his health.[32] On 6
March 2007, he was flown to Germany for
medical reasons, further fomenting
rumors about his health. His
spokesperson said this was due to stress
and quoted Yar'Adua as saying he was fine
and would soon be back to campaigning.
Another report, which was rejected by
Yar'Adua's spokesperson, claims that
Yar'Adua collapsed after suffering a
possible heart attack.[33]

Wealth

On 28 June 2007, Yar'Adua publicly

revealed his declaration of assets from
May (becoming the first Nigerian president
to do so), according to which he had
₦856,452,892 (US$5.8 million) in assets,
₦19 million ($0.1 million) of which
belonged to his wife. He also had
₦88,793,269.77 ($0.5 million) in liabilities.
This disclosure, which fulfilled a pre-
election promise he made, was intended to
set an example for other Nigerian
politicians and discourage corruption.[18]

Death and aftermath

On 24 February 2010, Wikinews
has
Yar'Adua returned to
related
Abuja under the cover of news:
State
darkness.[34] His state of
television
health was unclear, but reports
Nigerian
there was speculation
president
that he was still on a life Yar'Adua
dead
support machine.[35]
Various political and religious figures in
Nigeria had visited him during his illness
saying he would make a recovery. Yar'Adua
died on 5 May at the Aso Rock Presidential
Villa.[36][37][38] An Islamic burial took place
on 6 May in his hometown in
Katsina.[39][40]

The Federal Government of Nigeria

declared a seven-day mourning period.[41]
Acting President Goodluck Jonathan said
"Nigeria has lost the jewel on its crown
and even the heavens mourn with our
nation tonight. As individuals and as a
nation we prayed for the recovery of Mr
President. But we take solace in the fact
that the Almighty is the giver and taker of
all life."[42]
US President Barack Obama offered
condolences, stating: "He was committed
to creating lasting peace and prosperity
within Nigeria's own borders, and
continuing that work will be an important
part of honoring his legacy."[38]

See also
Shehu Musa Yar'Adua, Nigeria
elder brother portal
Biography
Olusegun Obasanjo portal
Politics
Goodluck Jonathan portal

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External links
Media related to Umaru Yar'Adua at
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to Umaru Musa Yar'Adua at Wikiquote

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