# Python Code Solutions

# 1. Write a program in Python to swap two variables.

a=5

b = 10

a, b = b, a

print("After swapping: a =", a, "b =", b)

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 2. Write a program in Python to check the input character is an alphabet or not.

char = input("Enter a character: ")

if char.isalpha():

print(char, "is an alphabet.")

else:

print(char, "is not an alphabet.")

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 3. Write a program in Python to shuffle a deck of cards using the module random and draw 5 cards.

import random

deck = [f"{rank} of {suit}" for rank in ["2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "J", "Q", "K", "A"]

for suit in ["Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs", "Spades"]]

random.shuffle(deck)

print("5 drawn cards:", deck[:5])

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 4. Write a program in Python to find the factors of a number.

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

factors = [i for i in range(1, num + 1) if num % i == 0]

print("Factors of", num, "are:", factors)

# 5. Write a program in Python to transpose a given matrix M = [[1, 2], [4, 5], [3, 6]].

M = [[1, 2], [4, 5], [3, 6]]

transposed_M = [[M[j][i] for j in range(len(M))] for i in range(len(M[0]))]

print("Transposed matrix:", transposed_M)

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 6. Write a program in Python to print the median of a set of numbers in a file.

import statistics

with open("numbers.txt", "r") as file:

numbers = [int(line.strip()) for line in file]

median = statistics.median(numbers)

print("Median of numbers:", median)

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 7. Write a function in Python to find the resolution of a JPEG image.

from PIL import Image

def find_resolution(image_path):

with Image.open(image_path) as img:

return img.size

print("Resolution:", find_resolution("image.jpg"))

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 8. Write a program in Python to convert a decimal number to binary, octal, and hexadecimal number.

decimal = int(input("Enter a decimal number: "))

print("Binary:", bin(decimal))

print("Octal:", oct(decimal))

print("Hexadecimal:", hex(decimal))
print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 9. Write a program in Python to sort words in alphabetical order.

words = input("Enter words separated by spaces: ").split()

words.sort()

print("Sorted words:", ' '.join(words))

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 10. Use Matplotlib to draw histogram to represent average age of population.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

ages = [21, 54, 66, 44, 32, 42, 54, 62, 93, 45, 32, 70]

plt.hist(ages, bins=5, color='blue', edgecolor='black')

plt.title("Histogram of Population Age")

plt.xlabel("Age")

plt.ylabel("Frequency")

plt.show()

print("\n" + "-"*30 + "\n")

# 11. Create a 3-D plot in Python for the function √(y^2 - x^2).

import numpy as np

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100)

y = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100)

X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)

Z = np.sqrt(Y**2 - X**2)

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap='viridis')

plt.show()
% MATLAB Code Solutions

% 1. Given two sides a= 3.2 and b=4.6 of a triangle and angle theta= 60°.

a = 3.2;

b = 4.6;

theta = 60 * (pi / 180); % Convert degrees to radians

c = sqrt(a^2 + b^2 - 2 * a * b * cos(theta));

area = 0.5 * a * b * sin(theta);

fprintf("Third side: %.2f\n", c);

fprintf("Area of triangle: %.2f\n", area);

disp(' ');

% 2. Calculate the sum of the series: S= 1 - x^2/2! + x^4/4! - x^6/6! + x^8/8!

x = 1.5;

S = 1 - (x^2 / factorial(2)) + (x^4 / factorial(4)) - (x^6 / factorial(6)) + (x^8 / factorial(8));

fprintf("Sum of series S: %.4f\n", S);

disp(' ');

% 3. Extend the 2-D array to 3-D array by including another 2-D array as second element.

A = [1 2 3; 5 4 3; 1 3 6];

A(:,:,2) = [7 8 9; 6 5 4; 3 2 1];

disp("Extended 3-D Array A:");

disp(A);

disp(' ');

% 4. Reshape matrix A of size (3x4) into matrix B of size (6x2).

A = [1 2 3 5; 6 7 9 10; 11 4 8 12];

B = reshape(A, [6, 2]);

disp("Reshaped Matrix B:");

disp(B);
disp(' ');

% 5. Create diagonal matrix A, and matrices B and C with vector z.

z = [2; 3; 4; 5];

A = diag(z);

B = diag(z, 1);

C = diag(z, -1);

disp("Diagonal Matrix A:");

disp(A);

disp("Upper Diagonal Matrix B:");

disp(B);

disp("Lower Diagonal Matrix C:");

disp(C);

disp(' ');

% 6. Integrate the polynomial y = 4x^3 + 12x^2 + 16x + 1.

syms x;

y = 4*x^3 + 12*x^2 + 16*x + 1;

integral_y = int(y, x) + 3;

disp("Integrated Polynomial:");

disp(integral_y);

disp(' ');

% 7. Find polynomial of degree 2 to fit the data: x = [0 1 2 4], y = [1 6 20 100].

x = [0 1 2 4];

y = [1 6 20 100];

p = polyfit(x, y, 2);

disp("Fitted Polynomial Coefficients:");

disp(p);
disp(' ');

% 8. Illustrate use of `pause` command.

disp("Pausing for 3 seconds...");

pause(3);

disp("Resuming after pause.");

disp(' ');

% 9. Illustrate the use of `fwrite` for binary data.

fileID = fopen('check.txt', 'w');

fwrite(fileID, 123.45, 'float32');

fwrite(fileID, int32(567), 'int32');

fclose(fileID);

disp("Data written to 'check.txt' in binary format.");

disp(' ');

% 10. Plot y = sin(x) with x from 0 to 2π.

x = 0:0.1:2*pi;

y = sin(x);

plot(x, y);

xlabel('x');

ylabel('y');

title('Plot of y = sin(x)');

disp(' ');

% 11. Plot a bar graph for data x = [1 2 3 4 5 6], y = [10 15 25 30 27 19].

x = [1 2 3 4 5 6];

y = [10 15 25 30 27 19];

bar(x, y);

xlabel('x');
ylabel('y');

title('Bar Graph');

disp(' ');

% 12. 3-D plot with parametric equations x = t^2, y = 4t for -4 < t < 4.

t = -4:0.1:4;

x = t.^2;

y = 4 * t;

plot3(t, x, y);

xlabel('t');

ylabel('x');

zlabel('y');

title('3-D Plot of Parametric Equations');

disp(' ');

% 13. Write a program in MATLAB to find the count of even values in the given n numbers.

n = input('Enter the number of elements: ');

numbers = input('Enter the elements as an array (e.g., [1, 2, 3, 4]): ');

count_even = sum(mod(numbers, 2) == 0);

fprintf("Count of even numbers: %d\n", count_even);

% MATLAB Code Solutions

% Other questions...

% 14. Write a function in MATLAB to calculate the roots of the quadratic equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0.

function roots = quadratic_roots(a, b, c)

% Calculates the roots of ax^2 + bx + c = 0

discriminant = b^2 - 4*a*c;

root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

roots = [root1, root2];

elseif discriminant == 0

root = -b / (2 * a);

roots = [root, root];

else

realPart = -b / (2 * a);

imagPart = sqrt(-discriminant) / (2 * a);

roots = [realPart + 1i * imagPart, realPart - 1i * imagPart];

end

end

% Example usage:

a = 1;

b = -3;

c = 2;

roots_of_quadratic = quadratic_roots(a, b, c);

disp("Roots of the quadratic equation:");

disp(roots_of_quadratic);

disp(' ');

% Continue with other code sections or save each function separately if needed.