Target 140+ Batch 2025: Holistic Development of Great Nicobar Island and Andaman and Nicobar Islands'

Target 140+ Batch 2025
Holistic development of great Nicobar Island and Andaman and Nicobar

Islands'
• ₹72000 crore project for instructor development including an
international transshipment terminal, airport, power plant and township.
• Aim: position great Nicobar as a global maritime trade hub.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation
Incorporation: ANIIDCO was incorporated on June 28, 1988, under the

Companies Act.
Objective: Its primary objective is "to develop and commercially exploit natural
resources for the balanced and environmentally friendly development of the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands."
Key Activities:
• Trading of petroleum products.
• Trading of Indian Made Foreign Liquor
• Trading of milk.
• Managing tourism resorts.
• Infrastructure development for tourism and fisheries.
Operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs through the Andaman and Nicobar
Administration
Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI) is a union territory of India consisting of 572
islands, of which 38 are inhabited, at the junction of the Bay of Bengal and the
Andaman Sea.
The territory is about 150 km north of Aceh in Indonesia and separated from
Thailand and Myanmar by the Andaman Sea.
It comprises two island groups, the Andaman Islands (partly) and the Nicobar
Islands, separated by the 150 km wide 10 Degree Channel
The Andaman Sea lies to the east and the Bay of Bengal to the west.
The island chains are thought to be a submerged extension of the Arakan

Mountains.
Duncan passage separates Little Andaman from South Andaman.
Official Animal of Andaman is the Dugong (sea mammal) really endemic to Indo-
Pacific seacoast areas, especially to the Andaman Islands
Port Blair= south Andaman
Volcano
✓ Barren Island
✓ Narcondam island
Closer to equator
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Located between 6° to 14°
• Lakshadweep Islands: Located between 8° to 12° North latitude.
Important Mountain Peaks in Andaman and Nicobar:

• Saddle Peak (North Andaman) – 738 meters.
• Mount Diavolo (Middle Andaman) – 515 meters.
• Mount Koyob (South Andaman) – 460 meters.
• Mount Thuillier (Great Nicobar) – 642 meters.
Nicobar Islands are part of the Sundaland Hotspot,
But the Andaman Islands are not included in any specific global hotspot
classification.
Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve
The Nicobar Biosphere Reserve is located in the southern part of the Nicobar
Islands within the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago.
Core Zones:
• Campbell Bay National Park and Galathea National Park are part of the core
areas.
Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) is known for its acrobatic spinning leaps.
Tropical and subtropical oceans (Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic).
IUCN = least concerned

Naval base of the Chola Empire
In December 2018, the Government of India renamed three of the islands as a

tribute to Subhas Chandra Bose.
• Ross Island was renamed Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island.
• Neil Island as Shaheed Island.
• Havelock Island as Swaraj Island
A transhipment port is an intermediate location where cargo is transferred from

one vessel to another during its journey to its final destination.
This process is called transshipment and it can occur when there is no direct
route between the origin and destination ports.
Shompen Tribe
Primarily hunter-gatherers, living in the dense rainforests of the island.
They mostly inhabit Great Nicobar

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG): The Shompen are classified under
this category, which acknowledges their fragile social and economic condition.
Nicobarese Tribe:
• Population: Approximately 450 Great Nicobarese on Great Nicobar, and 850
Little Nicobarese on the smaller
Nicobar islands
• They practice farming and fishing.
• Sub-Groups: There are two sub-groups — Great Nicobarese (residing on
Great Nicobar) and Little Nicobarese (residing on Little Nicobar and Pulomilo
islands).
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are home to six aboriginal tribes:
Andamanese, Onges, Jarawas, Sentinelese, Nicobarese, and Shompens.
• PVTGs: Except for the Nicobarese, the remaining five tribes are classified as
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
Racial Groups:
• Negrito Group: The Andamanese, Jarawas, Onges, and Sentinelese, who live
in the Andaman Islands.
• Mongoloid Group: The Nicobarese and Shompens, residing in the Nicobar
Islands.
Q.Consider the following countries:

1.Thailand
2.Myanmar
3.Indonesia
4.Malaysia
5.Singapore
How many of the above-mentioned countries share maritime borders with
the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
Options
a) Only two
b) Only three
c) Only four
d) All five
PVTG
• Most Vulnerable Tribal people
• Dhebar Commission (1973) identified
• 52 groups designated initially as
• Primitive Tribal Groups' in 1975 .
• Later in 2006 renamed as PVTGs
• 75 PVTGs notified
• Odisha > MP > Andhra
• (Max)
• Saura tribe of Odisha is largest group among PVTGs .
Population and Distribution:

• India has 2.8 million PVTG members from 75 tribes, residing in 22,544 villages
across 220 districts in 18 states and Union Territories.
• Nodal ministry to designate PVTG is Ministry of Home Affairs
Criteria For PVTGs

1. Pre-agricultural level of technology,
2. Low level of literacy,
3. Economic backwardness,
4. A declining or stagnant population.
PM PVTG Development Mission
• Objective: A ₹24,000-crore initiative focused on the holistic development of
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
The Ministry of Tribal Affairs leads the PM PVTG Mission with support from
Ministry:
1. Rural Development: Roads and housing.
2. Jal Shakti: Clean water.
3. Health: Healthcare and nutrition.
4. Education: Literacy.
5. Power: Electricity.
• Focus Areas: Aims to provide essential services like:

o Road and telecom connectivity
o Electricity
o Housing
o Clean water and sanitation
o Improved education
o Healthcare and nutrition
o Sustainable livelihoods

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Target 140+ Batch 2025

Holistic development of great Nicobar Island and Andaman and Nicobar

Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation

Incorporation: ANIIDCO was incorporated on June 28, 1988, under the

The island chains are thought to be a submerged extension of the Arakan

Duncan passage separates Little Andaman from South Andaman.

Important Mountain Peaks in Andaman and Nicobar:

Nicobar Islands are part of the Sundaland Hotspot,

Tropical and subtropical oceans (Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic).

IUCN = least concerned

In December 2018, the Government of India renamed three of the islands as a

A transhipment port is an intermediate location where cargo is transferred from

They mostly inhabit Great Nicobar

Q.Consider the following countries:

Population and Distribution:

Criteria For PVTGs

• Focus Areas: Aims to provide essential services like:

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