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    403 Energy - Efficiency - and - Sankey - Diagrams 1

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    403 Energy - Efficiency - and - Sankey - Diagrams 1

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    heisenburgfringus
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    403 Energy_Efficiency_and_Sankey_Diagrams 1

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    403 Energy - Efficiency - and - Sankey - Diagrams 1

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    heisenburgfringus

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    Energy Efficiency and Sankey Diagrams

    Name: Date:
    Energy is never created or destroyed, it just changes into a different form.
    All of the energy put into something is either used (transferred) usefully, or wasted. The useful
    energy amount and the wasted energy amount add up to the total input amount.
    Efficiency is calculated using this equation (learn and remember for the exam):
    𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡
    𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 = × 100%
    𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡
    In a question, you need to recognise what is the useful energy output, and what is the total energy
    input. Once you know these (you could highlight or annotate the question), do the calculation.
    Try these out for practise. Highlight, label or annotate the question to help you.
    1. A new house is fitted with all the latest energy efficiency measures. An energy surveyor
    checks a new house and finds that each second a house is losing 125W of heat through it’s
    roof. The heaters in the house are producing around 800W of heat. How efficient are
    energy efficient measures?
    Heat loss= 800-125 = 675 efficiency =0.84375 x 100

    efficiency = 675/800 x 100 efficiency = 84 %

    2. A team of university students test a new car they are designing. They find out that only
    3,500J of the energy is transferred to movement (kinetic) energy and 9,000J is transferred
    as heat energy. They put in a total of 12,500J of energy in the form of the fuel. How
    efficient is this?
    useful energy output = 3500
    3500/12500 x 100 0.28 x 100 28 %
    total energy input = 12500

    3. A new power station is being constructed and the designers claim that it will be extremely
    efficient. They claim that for every 1,000,000 Joules of energy, 400,000 Joules of electrical
    energy will be produced.
    a. How much energy is being wasted by the power station?
    Total energy input = 1,000,000 Energy wasted = 1,000,000 Joules -
    Joules 400,000 Joules
    Useful energy output (electrical Energy wasted = 600,000 Joules
    energy produced) = 400,000 Joules

    b. What is the efficiency of the powerstation?

    400,000/1,000,000 x 100 0.4 x 100 40 %

    c. Is the powerstation really extremely efficient? Explain your answer.

    the power station is 40% efficient. This means 60% of the energy from the fuel is wasted as heat.
    So, it isn't extremely efficient but it could be compared to others. It isn't
    extremely efficient because there is a lot more energy wasted then there is
    efficient and useful
    A Sankey diagram shows you how well a machine uses energy. In other words, it tells you if it
    uses it efficiently (without much waste) or inefficiently (with a lot of waste).

    The thickness of the arrows shows how much energy is involved. (The length of the arrows does
    not matter in a Sankey Diagram, but the width should be proportional to the amount of energy
    being transferred.) Useful energy transfers are shown going left to right. Wasteful energy
    transfers are shown going upwards or downwards.
    Draw a Sankey diagram for the following example:

    Energy into
    Useful
    machine (100 %)
    Energy out
    of machine

    Wasted (50 %)
    Energy
    (50 %)

    4. In one second, a lightbulb uses 25J of electricity. It produces 10J of light, and the rest is
    wasted as heat.

    5. In one second, an energy efficient light bulb produces the same amount of light as the
    previous bulb, but only uses 12J of energy. Draw a Sankey diagram for this below.

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