Basic Physics Formulas

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Basic Physics Formulas

Here are some basic physics formulas:


Basic Physics Concept Formula
Formulas

Average Speed It is used to calculate the average speed (S) of a S = d/t


Formula moving body for the distance covered (D) as well
as the time duration (T).

Acceleration Acceleration refers to the rate of change in a =(v-u)/t


Formula velocity to the change in time. It is denoted by the
symbol “a”.

Density This formula depicts the denseness of material in ⍴ = m/V


Formula a specific given area.

Power Formula The capacity to perform an activity is known as P=W/t


Energy. On the other hand, energy spent in
carrying out an activity (work) for a particular
period of time is termed as Power.

Newton’s Using the formula, the force can be expressed by F = ma


Second Law the product of mass and acceleration of the body.

Weight Formula The formula measures the force with which an W=mg
object falls due to gravity.

Pressure Pressure refers to the amount of force applied P=F/A


Formula per unit area of the object.

Ohm's Law Ohm's law states that the current passing V= I × R


Formula through a conductor material is directly
proportional to the potential difference between
two endpoints of the conductor.

Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy that is possessed by E = 1/2 mv²
Formula a body due to its state of motion.

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Frequency Frequency refers to the revolutions completed F =v/λ
Formula per second or the number of wave cycles.

Pendulum This equation calculates how long the pendulum T = 2π√Lg


Formula takes to swing back and forth in seconds

Fahrenheit This is a conversion formula for temperature. F = (9/5× °C) + 32


Formula

Work Formula The work formula measures the multiplication of W = F × d × cosθ


the magnitude of displacement d and the
component of the force.

Torque Formula Torque is the rotational force or turning effect. It T = F × r × sinθ


measures the magnitude of

Displacement Refers to the change in the object’s position from D = 𝑋f – 𝑋i = Δ𝑋


Formula its initial place to its final position.

Mass Formula This formula represents the relationship between F = ma or m = F/m


force and mass. Here, F = force, m = mass, and
a = acceleration.

SI Units
Questions regarding the SI unit are frequently asked in many engineering exams. Here are the
key pointers you must remember under SI units along with the basic physics formulas
mentioned above. SI units as a concept are given less importance but they hold a very
significant presence in question papers of various exams. Following are some of the important
SI you must remember and apply in your basic physics formulas.

Name of the Quantity SI Unit Name of the Unit

Mass Kilogram Kg

Time Second s

Length Metre m

Thermodynamic/ Temperature Kelvin K

Electric Current Ampere A

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Luminous Candela Cd

Amount of Substance Mole Mole

Electric Resistance Ohm Ω

Power Watt W

Wavelength of Light Angstrom Å

Magnetic Induction Gauss Gs

Electric Charge Coulomb C

Atmospheric Pressure Bar bar

Energy Joule J

Magnetic Flux Maxwell Mx

Pressure Pascal Pa

Force Newton N

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