Module 2 - Methods of Philosophizing

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Name: Mohammad Nassir Jaschal Pangilan

Grade& Section: 12- Descartes


Subject: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Module No.: 2- Methods of Philosophizing

WHAT I KNOW?
1. Philosophy
2. Love of Wisdom
3. Love
4. Wisdom
5. Aristotle
6. Socrates
7. Self-Reflection / Reflective thinking
8. To doubt / determine or test the validity or truthfulness of things, idea, etc.
9. Holistic Perspective
10.Partial Point of View
WHAT’S NEW?
1. Fact- Knowledge
2. Truth – verification, experimentation, research
3. Opinion – beliefs, conclusion
4. Argument – claim, belief
5. Proposition- doubt
WHAT I KNOW?
Examples of Opinion

1. Christmas is the best holiday of the year.


2. Showtime is more entertaining than TVJ.
3. Peaky Blinder is the best movie series.
4. Coke tastes better than RC Cola.
5. I love listening to some of Ed Sheeran’s greatest hit music.

Examples of Truth

1. Kangaroos are the largest marsupials on Earth.


2. Water is a universal solvent.
3. Asia is the largest continent in the world.
4. The Great Barrier Reef is the longest coral reef in the word, extending over
2,012.5 km.
5. Cebu is the oldest city in the Philippines.
LESSON 1.2

WHAT I KNOW?
1. How will you determine the truth from an opinion?

In distinguishing truth from an opinion, we should look for facts that are
supported by evidence and can be verified. We should use critical thinking to
analyze information objectively and avoid assumptions and poor judgement. This
way we can distinguish truth from opinion.

WHAT’S NEW?

I am alive. Is this an illusion? Or this is I am alive because I can


just a simulation like a move, think, and I have a
dream? heartbeat.

I have a body. Is this body real? Or just I can touch my body. I


something I think I have? have physical interactions
with world.

I can breathe. Is breathing real? Or it’s I can feel air coming in and
just something we believe? out so it seems like I can
really breathe.

LESSON 1.3

WHAT I KNOW?

1. As friend of Angel and Mike, how will you react to the statements given?

In this situation where both your friends had a dispute, it is very important to
approach the matter with care and neutrality, avoid bias and do not jump into
conclusion without looking at all the aspect of the situation. Listen to both sides.
You hear out what Angel and Mike have to say without taking sides. Suggest that
they talk to each other calmly to understand what happened. Be there for both
of them as a friend, offering help to resolve their issues. And if the situation gets
worse, ask professional help.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

1. Truth
2. Doubt
3. Senses; Consensus
4. Bias
5. Opinion

WHAT I CAN DO
Direction: Select one issue from the current issues in our society today. How do
you apply methods of philosophizing in determining the truth. Write your answer
on the space provided.

1. The issue that I choose is the climate change. It is timely and relevant to
critically examine if it is true or not. To understand the truth about climate
change, we should think critically all the information available. We can ask
questions, watch news, and read some published articles and journals. We
then use our logic to see how strong the arguments are, and consider how
we treat our environment. This way we can get closer to truth.

ASSESSMENT

1. Knowledge
2. Facts
3. Opinion
4. Fallacies
5. Truth
6. Ad Hominem
7. Appeal to tradition
8. Framing
9. Conflict of Interest
10.Cultural Bias

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