GIT COMMANDS
Git is a distributed version control system designed to manage source code
changes efficiently and effectively. Git allows multiple developers to
collaborate on projects while maintaining a complete history of changes. Its
core features include:
• Version Control: Git tracks changes to files, allowing you to revert to
previous versions, compare changes, and understand the evolution of a
project.
• Branching and Merging: Developers can create branches to work on features
or bug fixes in isolation. Once changes are complete, branches can be
merged back into the main project, facilitating parallel development.
• Distributed Architecture: Unlike centralized version control systems, Git
allows every developer to have a complete copy of the repository, enhancing
collaboration and making it possible to work offline.
• Performance: Git is optimized for speed, making operations like committing
changes, branching, and merging extremely fast.
• Collaboration: With Git, multiple developers can work on a project
simultaneously, with tools like GitHub and GitLab enabling easy sharing and
collaboration on code.
1. git init: Initializes a new Git repository in the current directory.
2. git clone <repository_url>: Creates a local copy of a remote repository.
3. git add <file_name>: Adds a specific file to the staging area.
4. git add .: Adds all files in the current directory to the staging area.
5. git status: Displays the status of changes in the working directory and staging
area.
6. git commit -m "message": Commits the staged changes to the repository with a
descriptive message.
7. git log: Shows the commit history, including details about each commit.
8. git show <commit_id>: Displays the details of a specific commit.
9. git rm <file_name>: Deletes a file from the working directory and stages the
removal for commit.
10. git checkout -- <file_name>: Discards changes to a file that have not been
staged.
11. git branch <branch_name>: Creates a new branch for development.
12. git checkout <branch_name>: Switches to the specified branch.
13. git branch: Lists all local branches in the repository.
14. git merge <branch_name>: Merges changes from the specified branch into the
current branch.
15. git branch -d <branch_name>: Deletes the specified branch.
16. git merge --abort: Aborts a merge process if there are conflicts.
17. git push origin main: Pushes committed changes to the remote repository on the
specified branch.
18. git pull: Fetches and merges changes from the remote repository into the current
branch.
19. git fetch: Retrieves updates from the remote repository without merging them.
20. git stash: Temporarily saves uncommitted changes in a "stash" to clean the
working directory.
21. git cherry-pick <commit_id>: Applies the changes from a specific commit to the
current branch.
